Pub Date : 2020-07-20DOI: 10.1080/14488353.2020.1794328
Mohsen Aboutalebi Esfahani
ABSTRACT Even though fillers such as Limestone Powder (LP), Hydrated Lime (HL), cement and ashes improve the performance of pure bitumen, application of Herbal Fillers (HFs) such as oat, wheat and potatoes provides a better mixture in mastic asphalt considering environmental protection problems. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the performance of bitumen modified with HFs. Penetration, softening point, viscosity and dynamic shear rheometer tests are performed using 3 and 5 wt% of fillers in the bitumen. For a better comparison of the results, samples containing LP and HL fillers are also tested. The results show that HFs improves the softening point, viscosity and penetration index. The rutting parameter exhibits a significant improvement in dynamic shear rheometer test. However, its effect on the fatigue parameter is negative. In addition, the shape of the filler is an effective parameter. It was revealed that the performance of fibre-shaped filler is higher than that of spherical one. Oat is the most effective herbal filler, while potato one shows the worst performance.
{"title":"Influence of herbal and mineral fillers on physical and rheological properties of bitumen","authors":"Mohsen Aboutalebi Esfahani","doi":"10.1080/14488353.2020.1794328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14488353.2020.1794328","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Even though fillers such as Limestone Powder (LP), Hydrated Lime (HL), cement and ashes improve the performance of pure bitumen, application of Herbal Fillers (HFs) such as oat, wheat and potatoes provides a better mixture in mastic asphalt considering environmental protection problems. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the performance of bitumen modified with HFs. Penetration, softening point, viscosity and dynamic shear rheometer tests are performed using 3 and 5 wt% of fillers in the bitumen. For a better comparison of the results, samples containing LP and HL fillers are also tested. The results show that HFs improves the softening point, viscosity and penetration index. The rutting parameter exhibits a significant improvement in dynamic shear rheometer test. However, its effect on the fatigue parameter is negative. In addition, the shape of the filler is an effective parameter. It was revealed that the performance of fibre-shaped filler is higher than that of spherical one. Oat is the most effective herbal filler, while potato one shows the worst performance.","PeriodicalId":44354,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"19 1","pages":"35 - 45"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14488353.2020.1794328","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44022309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.1080/14488353.2020.1794329
M. M. Jeong, Sungun Kim, Junan Shen
ABSTRACT This study, conducted in Georgia, analyzes the impact of rejuvenators on foamed asphalt mixtures containing 100% reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and assesses the feasibility of using the mixture as a structural layer in a pavement system. Three laboratory tests, the Marshall stability (MS), indirect tensile strength (ITS), and semi-circular bending (SCB), were conducted for the structural evaluation. Results indicate that the MS and ITS of the mixtures without rejuvenator are sufficiently high for use as a subsurface structural layer. However, dosing the mixture with ≥6% rejuvenator significantly decreases the MS and ITS. SCB tests for fracture resistance at an intermediate temperature indicate that mixtures without rejuvenators are more brittle than conventional hot mix asphalt (HMA). The flexibility index indicates that the mixtures with ≥6% rejuvenator have higher crack resistance than HMA and no-rejuvenator 100% RAP foamed asphalt mixtures. In conclusion, addition of rejuvenators significantly affects the structural integrity of 100% RAP foamed asphalt mixtures by increasing the cracking resistance but considerably decreasing the stability and indirect strength. Therefore, for practical purposes, the use of a rejuvenator in foamed asphalt mixtures is not recommended.
{"title":"Laboratory evaluation of foamed asphalt mixtures with 100% RAP and rejuvenator","authors":"M. M. Jeong, Sungun Kim, Junan Shen","doi":"10.1080/14488353.2020.1794329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14488353.2020.1794329","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study, conducted in Georgia, analyzes the impact of rejuvenators on foamed asphalt mixtures containing 100% reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and assesses the feasibility of using the mixture as a structural layer in a pavement system. Three laboratory tests, the Marshall stability (MS), indirect tensile strength (ITS), and semi-circular bending (SCB), were conducted for the structural evaluation. Results indicate that the MS and ITS of the mixtures without rejuvenator are sufficiently high for use as a subsurface structural layer. However, dosing the mixture with ≥6% rejuvenator significantly decreases the MS and ITS. SCB tests for fracture resistance at an intermediate temperature indicate that mixtures without rejuvenators are more brittle than conventional hot mix asphalt (HMA). The flexibility index indicates that the mixtures with ≥6% rejuvenator have higher crack resistance than HMA and no-rejuvenator 100% RAP foamed asphalt mixtures. In conclusion, addition of rejuvenators significantly affects the structural integrity of 100% RAP foamed asphalt mixtures by increasing the cracking resistance but considerably decreasing the stability and indirect strength. Therefore, for practical purposes, the use of a rejuvenator in foamed asphalt mixtures is not recommended.","PeriodicalId":44354,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"19 1","pages":"46 - 57"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14488353.2020.1794329","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46279357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-11DOI: 10.1080/14488353.2020.1790723
N. Khelil
ABSTRACT This paper presents an experimental study on the mechanical properties at 28 days of mortars comprising Condensed Silica Fume (CSF), Hydrated Lime (CH) or both, at various substitution rates and water-to-binder ratios (w/b). An evaluation of the mechanical properties has been carried out using Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV) tests and compressive/tensile strength tests, to assess CSF, CH and CSF-CH addition and substitution rate effect on strength development. A marked increase in the mechanical properties of the CSF, CSF-CH mortars is noted, with the best results obtained after CSF-CH pre-mixing, reaching 35.71% improvement vs control, highlighting the occurrence of considerable pozzolanic reactions. UPV tests have shown increased velocities for CSF and CSF-CH mixes, transcribing a densification of the matrix. The results of the study seem to indicate that CSF and CSF-CH addition could represent a suitable solution to significantly increase both the mechanical and durability properties of mortars.
{"title":"Silica fume-hydrated lime blended cements: contribution of pre-blending to strength development in mortars","authors":"N. Khelil","doi":"10.1080/14488353.2020.1790723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14488353.2020.1790723","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper presents an experimental study on the mechanical properties at 28 days of mortars comprising Condensed Silica Fume (CSF), Hydrated Lime (CH) or both, at various substitution rates and water-to-binder ratios (w/b). An evaluation of the mechanical properties has been carried out using Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV) tests and compressive/tensile strength tests, to assess CSF, CH and CSF-CH addition and substitution rate effect on strength development. A marked increase in the mechanical properties of the CSF, CSF-CH mortars is noted, with the best results obtained after CSF-CH pre-mixing, reaching 35.71% improvement vs control, highlighting the occurrence of considerable pozzolanic reactions. UPV tests have shown increased velocities for CSF and CSF-CH mixes, transcribing a densification of the matrix. The results of the study seem to indicate that CSF and CSF-CH addition could represent a suitable solution to significantly increase both the mechanical and durability properties of mortars.","PeriodicalId":44354,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"19 1","pages":"12 - 25"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14488353.2020.1790723","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43241883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-02DOI: 10.1080/14488353.2020.1786295
Kuan Peng, Hongxia Qiao, Kefan Chen
ABSTRACT In order to increase the utilisation rate of waste ceramics and recycled aggregate, and improve the poor durability of recycled concrete in Salt Lake area, a kind of ceramic-recycled gradient concrete is proposed. The ultrasonic wave velocity and mass loss of each specimen are tested to study the durability of ceramic regenerated gradient concrete in Salt Lake area. The fitting function of ceramic regenerated gradient concrete under two factors is established by MATLAB. The degradation model of quality loss and ultrasonic wave velocity is established by the Wiener random process. The results show that the durability of ceramic regenerated gradient concrete increases with the increase of the thickness of external protective material. Furthermore, the ultrasonic wave velocity is used as the evaluation index, which is more sensitive than the quality loss evaluation index. The Wiener random function can establish the reliability of the residual life of the specimens under the condition that the part of the life of the specimens has been measured. The predicted results are in good agreement with the actual measurements.
{"title":"Field exposure test of ceramic-recycled gradient concrete based on Wiener process","authors":"Kuan Peng, Hongxia Qiao, Kefan Chen","doi":"10.1080/14488353.2020.1786295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14488353.2020.1786295","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In order to increase the utilisation rate of waste ceramics and recycled aggregate, and improve the poor durability of recycled concrete in Salt Lake area, a kind of ceramic-recycled gradient concrete is proposed. The ultrasonic wave velocity and mass loss of each specimen are tested to study the durability of ceramic regenerated gradient concrete in Salt Lake area. The fitting function of ceramic regenerated gradient concrete under two factors is established by MATLAB. The degradation model of quality loss and ultrasonic wave velocity is established by the Wiener random process. The results show that the durability of ceramic regenerated gradient concrete increases with the increase of the thickness of external protective material. Furthermore, the ultrasonic wave velocity is used as the evaluation index, which is more sensitive than the quality loss evaluation index. The Wiener random function can establish the reliability of the residual life of the specimens under the condition that the part of the life of the specimens has been measured. The predicted results are in good agreement with the actual measurements.","PeriodicalId":44354,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"18 1","pages":"286 - 293"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14488353.2020.1786295","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49395801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Implementation of self-consolidating concrete (SCC) leads to the evaluation of more attractive, quality-controlled concrete with improved workability in the construction sector. The aim of the paper involves the determination of the rheological properties of SCC using waste glass aggregate, which affects the concrete’s rheological behaviour. In this research, the conventional coarse aggregate was substituted by the waste glass aggregate (WGA), at 10%, 20% and 30%, respectively. The consequence of adding waste glass in fresh concrete was inspected by several tests such as density, slump flow, J-ring, L-box and V-funnel test. These properties were then compared to the corresponding properties of normal-weight concrete. Test results specify that the WGA amplified the slump value of SCC thus indicates the improved workability. The decreasing density of the SCC leads it to the lightweight concrete. Subsequently, the SCC concrete shows relatively reduction in the passing ability with the addition of waste glass due to the angular shape of the glass bits. Hence, the study concludes that all of the rheological properties of self-compacting glass concrete (SCGC) made of WGA showed an impressing enhancement in the result, in comparison with the conventional SCC.
{"title":"Influence of waste glass aggregates on the rheological properties of self-consolidated concrete","authors":"Ayan Saha, Md. Habibur Rahman Sobuz, Md. Ikram Ul Hoque, Rashid Mujahid","doi":"10.1080/14488353.2020.1785666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14488353.2020.1785666","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Implementation of self-consolidating concrete (SCC) leads to the evaluation of more attractive, quality-controlled concrete with improved workability in the construction sector. The aim of the paper involves the determination of the rheological properties of SCC using waste glass aggregate, which affects the concrete’s rheological behaviour. In this research, the conventional coarse aggregate was substituted by the waste glass aggregate (WGA), at 10%, 20% and 30%, respectively. The consequence of adding waste glass in fresh concrete was inspected by several tests such as density, slump flow, J-ring, L-box and V-funnel test. These properties were then compared to the corresponding properties of normal-weight concrete. Test results specify that the WGA amplified the slump value of SCC thus indicates the improved workability. The decreasing density of the SCC leads it to the lightweight concrete. Subsequently, the SCC concrete shows relatively reduction in the passing ability with the addition of waste glass due to the angular shape of the glass bits. Hence, the study concludes that all of the rheological properties of self-compacting glass concrete (SCGC) made of WGA showed an impressing enhancement in the result, in comparison with the conventional SCC.","PeriodicalId":44354,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"18 1","pages":"272 - 285"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14488353.2020.1785666","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47152561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-27DOI: 10.1080/14488353.2020.1785658
Meshari Almutairi
ABSTRACT A laboratory scale study was undertaken to investigate the potential use of Kuwaiti oil-contaminated sand, as a substitute for fine aggregate in hardened concrete and its effect on its engineering properties. The average concentrations of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH) for contaminated and treated specimens were 50,000 and 10,000 mg/kg, respectively. An experimental evaluation of the concrete mixture’s workability was conducted using British standard methods. The results of this investigation indicated that the designed concrete cubes with contaminated sand require special attention with regard to the mixing ratio, which was found to be 1:1.5:3 (cement:fine aggregate:coarse aggregate) at 0.48 w/c. All workability tests were conducted on concrete cubes made from uncontaminated sand and sand with TPHcontamination ofless than 10,000 mg/kg, which are lowered than the upper limits (TPH <10,000 mg/kg) of Kuwait Environmental Protection Agency (KEPA). The results indicate that the presence of oil contamination did not have any adverse effect on the compressive strength of the concrete while water absorption was enhanced by the oil-contaminated sand to about three times that of the control. This investigation points to the potential for green building technological applications using oil-contaminated sand, which if left unattended, is likely to cause environmental harm.
{"title":"Effects of adding Kuwaiti oil-contaminated sand as a fine aggregate substitute on the engineering properties of hardened concrete","authors":"Meshari Almutairi","doi":"10.1080/14488353.2020.1785658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14488353.2020.1785658","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A laboratory scale study was undertaken to investigate the potential use of Kuwaiti oil-contaminated sand, as a substitute for fine aggregate in hardened concrete and its effect on its engineering properties. The average concentrations of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH) for contaminated and treated specimens were 50,000 and 10,000 mg/kg, respectively. An experimental evaluation of the concrete mixture’s workability was conducted using British standard methods. The results of this investigation indicated that the designed concrete cubes with contaminated sand require special attention with regard to the mixing ratio, which was found to be 1:1.5:3 (cement:fine aggregate:coarse aggregate) at 0.48 w/c. All workability tests were conducted on concrete cubes made from uncontaminated sand and sand with TPHcontamination ofless than 10,000 mg/kg, which are lowered than the upper limits (TPH <10,000 mg/kg) of Kuwait Environmental Protection Agency (KEPA). The results indicate that the presence of oil contamination did not have any adverse effect on the compressive strength of the concrete while water absorption was enhanced by the oil-contaminated sand to about three times that of the control. This investigation points to the potential for green building technological applications using oil-contaminated sand, which if left unattended, is likely to cause environmental harm.","PeriodicalId":44354,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"18 1","pages":"263 - 271"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14488353.2020.1785658","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59890224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-14DOI: 10.1080/14488353.2020.1771664
M. Vajdian, S. M. Zahraei, S. M. Mirhosseini, E. Zeighami
ABSTRACT Objective Numerous studies have been conducted on steel connections like Reduced Beam Section (RBS) and Drilled Flange Connection (DFC). Each connection has advantages and disadvantages. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of different connections on the behaviour of steel moment frames. Design/methodology/approach In this study, simple connections (No drilled on beam flange), Reduced Beam Section, drilled flange connection, and drilled connection with a variable diameter corresponding to the diamond-shaped hole (DFCV-a proposed model) were evaluated. The connection was modelled using the ABAQUS software, and then the moment-rotation graphs were extracted. Finally, Finite Elements Modelling was utilised to calculate the stiffness of each connection. A frame was modelled in SAP based on the stiffness calculated by Finite Elements Analysis in ABAQUS. Findings Based on the results, drilled connections with variable diameter, which are related to diamond-shaped hole, function and behave better than other drilled samples which were considered in this study. In this model, the hinge is formed in the middle of the holes. This model has the most rotational stiffness among all samples. In addition, formed hinges indicated that the connections and plastic hinge in the frames with simple and rigid connections are damaged more. Further, drilled connections caused less damage to the column. Research limitations/implications It is recommended to perform an experimental test to have a better understanding of the issue. Originality/value In this paper, the effect of beam drilling on moment frame behaviour factor was first evaluated by SAP software and indicated that diamond-shaped drilling has the best beam drilling arrangement results.
{"title":"Investigation of Seismic Performance of (RBS) and Drilled Flange Connection (DFC) Containing rhombus Shaped Hole in Steel Moment Frames","authors":"M. Vajdian, S. M. Zahraei, S. M. Mirhosseini, E. Zeighami","doi":"10.1080/14488353.2020.1771664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14488353.2020.1771664","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective Numerous studies have been conducted on steel connections like Reduced Beam Section (RBS) and Drilled Flange Connection (DFC). Each connection has advantages and disadvantages. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of different connections on the behaviour of steel moment frames. Design/methodology/approach In this study, simple connections (No drilled on beam flange), Reduced Beam Section, drilled flange connection, and drilled connection with a variable diameter corresponding to the diamond-shaped hole (DFCV-a proposed model) were evaluated. The connection was modelled using the ABAQUS software, and then the moment-rotation graphs were extracted. Finally, Finite Elements Modelling was utilised to calculate the stiffness of each connection. A frame was modelled in SAP based on the stiffness calculated by Finite Elements Analysis in ABAQUS. Findings Based on the results, drilled connections with variable diameter, which are related to diamond-shaped hole, function and behave better than other drilled samples which were considered in this study. In this model, the hinge is formed in the middle of the holes. This model has the most rotational stiffness among all samples. In addition, formed hinges indicated that the connections and plastic hinge in the frames with simple and rigid connections are damaged more. Further, drilled connections caused less damage to the column. Research limitations/implications It is recommended to perform an experimental test to have a better understanding of the issue. Originality/value In this paper, the effect of beam drilling on moment frame behaviour factor was first evaluated by SAP software and indicated that diamond-shaped drilling has the best beam drilling arrangement results.","PeriodicalId":44354,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"18 1","pages":"246 - 262"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14488353.2020.1771664","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48645205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-31DOI: 10.1080/14488353.2020.1771663
Faiz Shaikh, H. S. Arel
ABSTRACT This paper presents the effects of fly ash fineness, steel fibre lengths and types of curing on the compressive strength and impact strength of steel fibre reinforced concrete (SFRC). To study these behaviour, the SFRC mixtures were prepared using class-F fly ashes with specific surface areas of 2320, 3320 and 5980 cm2/g and steel fibres with lengths of 8 , 13 and 16 mm. The SFRC samples were subjected to standard wet curing, steam curing and hot water curing. The compressive strength tests were carried out after 7-, 28-, 90- and 180-day curing periods and the impact strength test was carried out after 90 days of respective curing. Results show that the workability of SFRC decreases with increase in fly ash fineness and steel fibre lengths. Results also show that the compressive strength of SFRC increase with increase in fly ash fineness and increase in length of steel fibres at all ages and all curing conditions. However, steam curing shows significant improvement in compressive strength gains of all SFRC compared to hot water curing at all ages except at 180 days. Good correlations are also observed in compressive strength with increase in steel fibre lengths at 28 and 90 days.
{"title":"Effects of curing types, fly ash fineness and fibre lengths on mechanical and impact properties of steel fibre reinforced concretes","authors":"Faiz Shaikh, H. S. Arel","doi":"10.1080/14488353.2020.1771663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14488353.2020.1771663","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper presents the effects of fly ash fineness, steel fibre lengths and types of curing on the compressive strength and impact strength of steel fibre reinforced concrete (SFRC). To study these behaviour, the SFRC mixtures were prepared using class-F fly ashes with specific surface areas of 2320, 3320 and 5980 cm2/g and steel fibres with lengths of 8 , 13 and 16 mm. The SFRC samples were subjected to standard wet curing, steam curing and hot water curing. The compressive strength tests were carried out after 7-, 28-, 90- and 180-day curing periods and the impact strength test was carried out after 90 days of respective curing. Results show that the workability of SFRC decreases with increase in fly ash fineness and steel fibre lengths. Results also show that the compressive strength of SFRC increase with increase in fly ash fineness and increase in length of steel fibres at all ages and all curing conditions. However, steam curing shows significant improvement in compressive strength gains of all SFRC compared to hot water curing at all ages except at 180 days. Good correlations are also observed in compressive strength with increase in steel fibre lengths at 28 and 90 days.","PeriodicalId":44354,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"18 1","pages":"231 - 245"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14488353.2020.1771663","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44378779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-23DOI: 10.1080/14488353.2020.1766301
Sittampalam Manoharan, G. Chai, S. Chowdhury
ABSTRACT The Traffic Speed Deflectometer (TSD) is a vehicle-mounted Doppler laser system capable of continuously measuring the vertical velocity of a pavement while moving at traffic speed. The device’s high accuracy, high speed, cost-effectiveness and continuous deflection profiles are useful for network-level structural capacity assessment. Consequently, the device assists in predicting accurate road rehabilitation needs and remaining service life. This paper’s objective is to report on the development of a simplified methodology for the assessing the structural capacity of flexible pavements, using TSD data for screening road networks. The methodology was developed in combination with using tolerable deflection curves and design traffic loading. The tolerable deflection curves are used to design pavement overlay thickness for thin surfaced granular pavements. The existing tolerable deflection equations are based on Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD) maximum deflection, thus these equations were redeveloped for the TSD equivalent curves. This study successfully established a detailed procedure for predicting the remaining structural life using TSD deflection data. It also established a state-of-the-art methodology for assessing the structural capacity of low traffic volume flexible pavement using TSD deflection data for sustainably managing road assets within available road maintenance funding.
{"title":"Structural capacity assessment of queensland roads using traffic speed deflectometer data","authors":"Sittampalam Manoharan, G. Chai, S. Chowdhury","doi":"10.1080/14488353.2020.1766301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14488353.2020.1766301","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Traffic Speed Deflectometer (TSD) is a vehicle-mounted Doppler laser system capable of continuously measuring the vertical velocity of a pavement while moving at traffic speed. The device’s high accuracy, high speed, cost-effectiveness and continuous deflection profiles are useful for network-level structural capacity assessment. Consequently, the device assists in predicting accurate road rehabilitation needs and remaining service life. This paper’s objective is to report on the development of a simplified methodology for the assessing the structural capacity of flexible pavements, using TSD data for screening road networks. The methodology was developed in combination with using tolerable deflection curves and design traffic loading. The tolerable deflection curves are used to design pavement overlay thickness for thin surfaced granular pavements. The existing tolerable deflection equations are based on Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD) maximum deflection, thus these equations were redeveloped for the TSD equivalent curves. This study successfully established a detailed procedure for predicting the remaining structural life using TSD deflection data. It also established a state-of-the-art methodology for assessing the structural capacity of low traffic volume flexible pavement using TSD deflection data for sustainably managing road assets within available road maintenance funding.","PeriodicalId":44354,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"18 1","pages":"219 - 230"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14488353.2020.1766301","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47050189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-18DOI: 10.1080/14488353.2020.1761510
Danda Li, Y. Zhuge, R. Gravina, Tom Benn, J. Mills
ABSTRACT Creep and drying shrinkage behaviour of CRC was investigated through experimental tests on a series of three stacked cylindrical specimens of 100 mmx200 mm. Constant load was maintained on the specimens for duration of 659 days. For investigation of the influence of the rubber particle treatment method on the CRC creep and shrinkage behaviour, both NaOH-treated and untreated CRC with 18% rubber replacement by volume of sand were considered, with traditional concrete (TC) as a reference mix. Test results of the three mixes were analysed and compared. Creep prediction models and creep coefficients for TC from five standards were considered and comparisons between these models and the experimental results were made. Test results showed that both CRC mixes showed a higher drying shrinkage than TC. NaOH-treatment on rubber particles had a slight positive effect on the long-term shrinkage control of CRC material. The addition of rubber particles to the concrete mix did not affect the concrete creep significantly in the long term. The effect of rubber pre-treatment on creep could be ignored. Both the drying shrinkage and creep coefficient results for all concrete groups were within the limits of AS3600 model.
{"title":"Creep and drying shrinkage behaviour of crumb rubber concrete (CRC)","authors":"Danda Li, Y. Zhuge, R. Gravina, Tom Benn, J. Mills","doi":"10.1080/14488353.2020.1761510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14488353.2020.1761510","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Creep and drying shrinkage behaviour of CRC was investigated through experimental tests on a series of three stacked cylindrical specimens of 100 mmx200 mm. Constant load was maintained on the specimens for duration of 659 days. For investigation of the influence of the rubber particle treatment method on the CRC creep and shrinkage behaviour, both NaOH-treated and untreated CRC with 18% rubber replacement by volume of sand were considered, with traditional concrete (TC) as a reference mix. Test results of the three mixes were analysed and compared. Creep prediction models and creep coefficients for TC from five standards were considered and comparisons between these models and the experimental results were made. Test results showed that both CRC mixes showed a higher drying shrinkage than TC. NaOH-treatment on rubber particles had a slight positive effect on the long-term shrinkage control of CRC material. The addition of rubber particles to the concrete mix did not affect the concrete creep significantly in the long term. The effect of rubber pre-treatment on creep could be ignored. Both the drying shrinkage and creep coefficient results for all concrete groups were within the limits of AS3600 model.","PeriodicalId":44354,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"18 1","pages":"187 - 204"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14488353.2020.1761510","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49577354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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