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Genetic diagnosis for heavy typhoon rainfall attenuated by Fujian landfall 福建登陆减弱强台风降雨的基因诊断
IF 2.9 4区 地球科学 Q3 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Pub Date : 2020-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcrr.2020.08.001
Xiaohong Lin , Siyu Yin , Wei Wu , Mei Han , Tongyi Liu

This study used the dynamic synthetic analysis method to analyze the causes of attenuated heavy rainfall from a westward moving typhoon after landfall over Fujian by focusing on the genetic diagrgnosis of the strongest 12 h rainstorms based on typhoon data obtained from the Shanghai Typhoon Institute, precipitation data from Fujian Province, and NCEP reanalysis data from the United States. The results showed that: (1) the environmental field of the westward moving typhoon benefits the long-term maintenance of convergence in coastal areas, which provides synoptic scale forcing for rainstorm intensification along the southeastern coast; (2) the southwest jet in the boundary layer transports warm water vapor from low latitudes into the eastern circulation of typhoon; the water vapor peak occurs 6 h before the strongest rainstorm and can be used as a reference index to predict heavy rainstorms; (3) the high altitude strong divergence center is located at 100–150 hPa, and the strong convergence center is located near 925–950 hPa in the boundary layer, which is higher (lower) than the 200 hPa divergence layer (850 hPa convergence layer) commonly used in professional work; (4) warm and wet advection in the boundary layer transports unstable energy and weak cold air southward, strengthens the baroclinic pressure, increases the latent heat flux on the sea surface, and plays a significant role in triggering and developing mesoscale convective clouds along the southeast coast.

本研究利用上海台风研究所的台风资料、福建省降水资料和美国NCEP再分析资料,重点对最强12次 h暴雨进行基因诊断,采用动态综合分析方法,分析了一次西进台风登陆福建后暴雨减弱的原因。结果表明:(1)台风西进的环境场有利于沿海地区辐合的长期维持,为东南沿海暴雨增强提供天气尺度强迫;(2)边界层西南急流将低纬度暖水汽输送到台风东部环流;水汽峰值出现在最强暴雨前6 h,可作为预报强暴雨的参考指标;(3)高空强辐散中心位于100-150 hPa,强辐合中心位于边界层925-950 hPa附近,高于(低于)专业工作中常用的200 hPa辐散层(850 hPa辐合层);(4)边界层暖湿平流向南输送不稳定能量和弱冷空气,增强了斜压,增加了海面潜热通量,对东南沿海中尺度对流云的触发和发展起着重要作用。
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引用次数: 1
Improvements in tropical cyclone forecasting through ensemble prediction system at NCMRWF in India 印度NCMRWF集合预报系统对热带气旋预报的改进
IF 2.9 4区 地球科学 Q3 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcrr.2020.04.003
Anumeha Dube, Raghavendra Ashrit, Sushant Kumar, Ashu Mamgain

This paper deals with the comparison of cyclone forecasts from the two versions of the operational global ensemble prediction system (EPS) at the National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (NEPS). The previous version had a horizontal resolution of 33 km with 44 ensemble members (NEPS) whereas the updated version of this EPS has a resolution of 12 km with 11 members (NEPS-UP). The ensemble mean forecasts from both the models are compared using the direct position (DPE), along (ATE) and cross track (CTE) errors. For the verification of strike probability, Brier Score (BS), Brier Skill Score (BSS), Reliability Diagram, Relative Operating Characteristic (ROC) Curve and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) in mean Vs Spread in members are used. For verification of intensity, RMSE in maximum wind speed from the ensemble mean forecasts are compared.

Comparison of ensemble mean tracks from both models showed lower errors in NEPS-UP for all forecast lead times. The decrease in the DPE, ATE and CTE in NEPS-UP was around 38%, 48% and 15% respectively. NEPS-UP showed lower BS and higher BSS values indicating a better match between observed frequencies and forecast probabilities as well as higher prediction skills. The reliability diagram showed higher accuracy for NEPS-UP as compared to NEPS. The ROC curves showed that for forecasts with higher probabilities the hit rate was high in NEPS-UP. There was a greater consensus between the RMSE and Spread for NEPS-UP at all lead times. It was also seen that the RMSE in mean showed a 41% decrease from NEPS to NEPS-UP. On comparing maximum wind, it was found that for all lead times the RMSE in maximum wind speed for NEPS-UP was lower than NEPS.

本文比较了国家中期天气预报中心(NEPS)全球综合预报系统(EPS)两个版本的气旋预报结果。先前版本的水平分辨率为33 km,有44个整体成员(NEPS),而更新版本的EPS分辨率为12 km,有11个整体成员(NEPS- up)。使用直接位置误差(DPE)、沿程误差(ATE)和交叉轨道误差(CTE)比较了两种模式的集合平均预报。为了验证罢工概率,使用了Brier分数(BS)、Brier技能分数(BSS)、信度图、相对操作特征(ROC)曲线和成员平均Vs差的均方根误差(RMSE)。为了验证强度,比较了集合平均预报的最大风速RMSE。两种模式的总体平均轨迹比较表明,在所有预测提前期中,nepup的误差较低。DPE、ATE和CTE分别下降38%、48%和15%左右。nep - up的观测频率与预测概率的匹配程度较高,预测能力较强。可靠性图显示,与NEPS相比,NEPS的精度更高。ROC曲线显示,对于概率较高的预测,在np - up中命中率较高。在所有的前置时间内,RMSE和Spread之间有更大的共识。从NEPS到NEPS- up,平均RMSE下降了41%。通过比较最大风速,发现在所有提前时间内,NEPS- up的最大风速RMSE都小于NEPS。
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引用次数: 8
Recent advances in research on tropical cyclogenesis 热带气旋形成的最新研究进展
IF 2.9 4区 地球科学 Q3 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcrr.2020.04.004
Brian H. Tang , Juan Fang , Alicia Bentley , Gerard Kilroy , Masuo Nakano , Myung-Sook Park , V.P.M. Rajasree , Zhuo Wang , Allison A. Wing , Liguang Wu

This review article summarizes recent (2014–2019) advances in our understanding of tropical cyclogenesis, stemming from activities at the ninth International Workshop on Tropical Cyclones. Tropical cyclogenesis involves the interaction of dynamic and thermodynamic processes at multiple spatio-temporal scales. Studies have furthered our understanding of how tropical cyclogenesis may be affected by external processes, such as intraseasonal oscillations, monsoon circulations, the intertropical convergence zone, and midlatitude troughs and cutoff lows. Additionally, studies have furthered our understanding of how tropical cyclogenesis may be affected by internal processes, such as the organization of deep convection; the evolution of the “pouch” structure; the role of friction; the development of the moist, warm core; the importance of surface fluxes; and the role of the mid-level vortex. A relatively recent class of idealized, numerical simulations of tropical cyclogenesis in radiative-convective equilibrium have highlighted the potential importance of radiative feedbacks on tropical cyclogenesis. We also offer some recommendations to the community on future directions for tropical cyclogenesis research.

这篇综述文章总结了最近(2014-2019)我们对热带气旋形成的理解的进展,这些进展源于第九届热带气旋国际研讨会的活动。热带气旋形成过程涉及多个时空尺度上动力和热力过程的相互作用。研究进一步加深了我们对热带气旋形成如何受到外部过程的影响的理解,例如季节内振荡、季风环流、热带辐合带、中纬度低槽和切断低压。此外,研究进一步加深了我们对热带气旋形成如何受到内部过程的影响的理解,例如深层对流的组织;“袋状”结构的演化;摩擦的作用;发育湿润、温暖的内核;表面通量的重要性;中层涡旋的作用。最近一类理想化的辐射-对流平衡下热带气旋形成的数值模拟强调了辐射反馈对热带气旋形成的潜在重要性。并对今后热带气旋形成的研究方向提出了建议。
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引用次数: 19
Forcing ocean model with atmospheric model outputs to simulate storm surge in the Bangladesh coast 强迫海洋模式与大气模式输出模拟孟加拉海岸风暴潮
IF 2.9 4区 地球科学 Q3 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcrr.2020.04.002
Nabir Mamnun , Lucy M. Bricheno , Md Rashed-Un-Nabi

Tropical cyclones are devastating hazards and have been a major problem for the coastal population of Bangladesh. Among the advancements in atmospheric and oceanic prediction, accurate forecasting of storm surges is of specific interest due to their great potential to inflict loss of life and property. For decades, the numerical model based storm surge prediction systems have been an important tool to reduce the loss of human lives and property damage. In order to improve the accuracy in predicting storm surge and coastal inundation, recent model development efforts tended to include more modeling components, such as meteorology model and surface wave model in storm surge modeling. In this study, we used the outputs of an atmospheric model to force the ocean model for simulating storm surges in the Bay of Bengal with particular focus on the Bangladesh coast. The ability of the modeling system was investigated simulating water levels in the Bangladesh coast of two tropical cyclones Sidr (2007) and Aila (2009). The effectiveness of the model was verified through comparing the obtained computational outputs against tide gauge data. The cyclone tracks and intensities reproduced by the atmospheric model were reasonable, though the model had a tendency to overestimate the cyclone intensity during peaks and also close to coast. The water levels are reproduced fairly well by the ocean model, although errors still exist. The root mean square errors in water level at different gauges range from 0.277 to 0.419 m with coefficient of correlation (R2) between 0.64 and 0.97 in case of Sidr and 0.209–0.581 m with R2 0.62 to 0.98 for Aila. The overall coupled modeling system is found to be useful with reasonable accuracy and precision, though there are spaces for improvement. Higher-resolution modeling approaches are recommended to gain more skills.

热带气旋是毁灭性的灾害,也是孟加拉国沿海居民面临的一个主要问题。在大气和海洋预报方面的进展中,准确预报风暴潮是特别令人感兴趣的,因为它们极有可能造成生命和财产损失。几十年来,基于数值模式的风暴潮预报系统已成为减少人员生命损失和财产损失的重要工具。为了提高风暴潮和海岸淹没预测的准确性,近年来的模式开发工作趋向于在风暴潮模拟中加入更多的建模成分,如气象模式和面波模式。在这项研究中,我们使用大气模式的输出来强迫海洋模式模拟孟加拉湾的风暴潮,特别关注孟加拉国海岸。研究了模拟系统模拟孟加拉国海岸两个热带气旋Sidr(2007年)和Aila(2009年)的水位的能力。通过将计算结果与验潮仪数据进行比较,验证了模型的有效性。大气模式模拟的气旋路径和强度是合理的,但模式在峰值和靠近海岸的气旋强度有高估的倾向。尽管误差仍然存在,但海洋模型相当好地再现了水位。不同水位计的均方根误差范围为0.277 ~ 0.419 m, Sidr的相关系数(R2)在0.64 ~ 0.97之间,Aila的相关系数(R2)在0.209 ~ 0.581 m之间,R2为0.62 ~ 0.98。整体的耦合建模系统是有用的,具有合理的精度和精度,但仍有改进的空间。建议使用更高分辨率的建模方法来获得更多的技能。
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引用次数: 10
Third assessment on impacts of climate change on tropical cyclones in the Typhoon Committee Region – Part II: Future projections 气候变化对台风委员会地区热带气旋影响的第三次评估-第二部分:未来预测
IF 2.9 4区 地球科学 Q3 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcrr.2020.04.005
Eun Jeong Cha , Thomas R. Knutson , Tsz-Cheung Lee , Ming Ying , Toshiyuki Nakaegawa

This paper assesses published findings on projections of future tropical cyclone (TC) activity in the ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee Region under climate change scenarios. This assessment also estimates the projected changes of key TC metrics for a 2 °C anthropogenic global warming scenario for the western North Pacific (WNP) following the approach of a WMO Task Team, together with other reported findings for this region. For projections of TC genesis/frequency, most models suggest a reduction of TC frequency, but an increase in the proportion of very intense TCs over the WNP in the future. However, some individual studies project an increase in WNP TC frequency. Most studies agree on a projected increase of WNP TC intensity over the 21st century. All available projections for TC related precipitation in the WNP indicate an increase in TC related precipitation rate in a warmer climate. Anthropogenic warming may also lead to changes in TC prevailing tracks. A further increase in storm surge risk may result from increases in TC intensity. The most confident aspect of forced anthropogenic change in TC inundation risk derives from the highly confident expectation of further sea level rise, which we expect will exacerbate storm inundation risk in coastal regions, assuming all other factors equal.

本文评估了已发表的关于气候变化情景下亚太经社会/WMO台风委员会区域未来热带气旋活动预测的研究结果。本评估还根据WMO工作组的方法,对北太平洋西部(WNP)人为全球变暖2 °C情景下关键温度指标的预估变化进行了估计,并对该地区的其他报告结果进行了估计。对于TC发生/频率的预估,大多数模式表明未来WNP的TC频率会降低,但非常强烈的TC比例会增加。然而,一些个别研究预测WNP TC频率增加。大多数研究都同意在21世纪WNP TC强度的预估增加。所有可用的WNP中与TC相关的降水预估都表明,气候变暖时,TC相关的降水率会增加。人为变暖也可能导致TC盛行道的变化。TC强度的增加可能导致风暴潮风险的进一步增加。强迫人为变化的TC淹没风险最可信的方面来自高度可信的海平面进一步上升的预期,我们预计,在所有其他因素相同的情况下,海平面进一步上升将加剧沿海地区的风暴淹没风险。
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引用次数: 38
WITHDRAWN: The interaction of Hurricane Michael with an upper trough leading to intensification right up to landfall 撤回:飓风迈克尔与上方低压槽的相互作用导致登陆前的强度增强
IF 2.9 4区 地球科学 Q3 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcrr.2020.04.001
Jeff Callaghan

The Publisher regrets that this article is an accidental duplication of an article that has already been published in TCRR, Volume 8, Issue 2, June 2019, Pages 95-102, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tcrr.2019.07.009. The duplicate article has therefore been withdrawn.

The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal

很抱歉,这篇文章无意中复制了一篇已经发表在《TCRR》2019年6月第8卷第2期95-102页http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tcrr.2019.07.009上的文章。因此,该重复条款已被撤回。完整的爱思唯尔文章撤回政策可在https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal找到
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引用次数: 0
Finite-time circulation changes from topological rearrangement of distinguished curves and non-advective fluxes 有限时间环流是由不同曲线的拓扑重排和非对流通量引起的
IF 2.9 4区 地球科学 Q3 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcrr.2019.05.001
Blake Rutherford, Timothy J. Dunkerton

A vorticity budget diagnoses the growth or decay of a vortex from advective transport, or non-advective fluxes such as those due to friction or vortex tilting. However, when a budget calculation is performed with respect to a fixed coordinate, errors may result from time-dependence of the flow, leading to disagreement between the vorticity tendency and the observed vorticity field. An adaptive Lagrangian coordinate resolves this problem, provided that the resulting Lagrangian structure does not become too complicated.

In this study, a numerical simulation of Hurricane Nate (2011), the vorticity tendency is evaluated along distinguished material curves. There can be no net advective flux along a closed material curve, therefore, the total circulation tendency for a material region includes only the non-advective uxes acting along its boundary. A distinguished set of material curves (DMCs) associated with a distinguished hyperbolic trajectory (DHT) form a Lagrangian topology similar to that of a cat’s eye flow or “pouch” at each Eulerian snapshot. The time-dependence of velocities allows additional regions called lobes, which are formed by the intersections of DMCs, to exchange fluid across the vortex boundary by redefining the boundary.

Because the vortex boundary changes, we refer to this redefinition of material boundary as “topological rearrangement”. The method is useful for unsteady cat’s-eye flows and more complex interactions of multiple waves, vortices and background shear. All advective changes of the vortex circulation are identified by exchanges of the lobes, and all non-advective uxes act between the vortex and either the lobes or environmental flow. The Lagrangian topology and combination of advective and non-advective uxes relative to the topology is used to describe the evolution of the circulation of Nate during its time of formation.

涡度收支诊断涡旋的增长或衰减来自平流输送,或非平流通量,如摩擦或涡旋倾斜引起的通量。然而,当在固定坐标下进行预算计算时,由于流动的时间依赖性可能会产生误差,导致涡度趋势与观测到的涡度场不一致。一个自适应拉格朗日坐标解决了这个问题,前提是得到的拉格朗日结构不会变得太复杂。在本研究中,对Nate飓风(2011)进行了数值模拟,沿着不同的材料曲线评估了涡度趋势。在封闭的物质曲线上不可能存在净对流通量,因此,一个物质区域的总环流趋势只包括沿其边界作用的非对流通量。一组杰出的材料曲线(dmc)与杰出的双曲轨迹(DHT)相关联,形成拉格朗日拓扑,类似于每个欧拉快照中的猫眼流或“袋”。速度的时间依赖性允许额外的被称为叶的区域,它是由dmc的交叉点形成的,通过重新定义边界来交换流体穿过漩涡边界。由于涡旋边界发生了变化,我们将这种材料边界的重新定义称为“拓扑重排”。该方法适用于非定常猫眼流和更复杂的多波、涡旋和背景切变的相互作用。涡旋环流的所有平流变化都是通过叶的交换来确定的,而所有非平流变化都是在涡旋与叶或环境流之间发生的。利用拉格朗日拓扑以及相对于该拓扑的对流和非对流轴的组合来描述内特形成期间环流的演变。
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引用次数: 1
Towards an objective historical tropical cyclone dataset for the Australian region 建立澳大利亚地区热带气旋客观历史数据集
IF 2.9 4区 地球科学 Q3 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcrr.2020.03.003
Joseph B. Courtney , Andrew D. Burton , Christopher S. Velden , Timothy L. Olander , Elizabeth A. Ritchie , Clair Stark , Leon Majewski

The appropriate design of infrastructure in tropical cyclone (TC) prone regions requires an understanding of the hazard risk profile underpinned by an accurate, homogenous long-term TC dataset. The existing Australian region TC archive, or ‘best track’ (BT), suffers from inhomogeneities and an incomplete long-term record of key TC parameters. This study assesses mostly satellite-based objective techniques for 1981–2016, the period of a geostationary satellite imagery dataset corrected for navigation and calibration issues. The satellite-based estimates of Australian-region TCs suffer from a general degradation in the 1981–1988 period owing to lower quality and availability of satellite imagery.

The quality of the objective techniques for both intensity and structure is compared to the reference BT 2003–2016 estimates. For intensity the Advanced Dvorak Technique algorithm corresponds well with the BT 2003–2016, when the algorithm can use passive microwave data (PMW) as an input. For the period prior to 2003 when PMW data is unavailable, the intensity algorithm has a low bias. Systematic corrections were made to the non-PMW objective estimates to produce an extended (1989–2016) homogeneous dataset of maximum wind that has sufficient accuracy to be considered for use where a larger homogeneous sample size is valued over a shorter more accurate period of record. An associated record of central pressure using the Courtney-Knaff-Zehr wind pressure relationship was created.

For size estimates, three techniques were investigated: the Deviation Angle Variance and the ‘Knaff’ techniques (IR-based), while the ‘Lok’ technique used model information (ECMWF reanalysis dataset and TC vortex specification from ACCESS-TC). However, results lacked sufficient skill to enable extension of the reliable period of record. The availability of scatterometer data makes the BT 2003–2016 dataset the most reliable and accurate. Recommendations regarding the best data source for each parameter for different periods of the record are summarised.

在热带气旋易发地区,基础设施的适当设计需要对灾害风险概况的理解,并以准确的、同质的长期热带气旋数据集为基础。现有的澳大利亚地区TC档案,或“最佳轨道”(BT),存在不均匀性和关键TC参数的不完整长期记录。本研究主要评估了1981-2016年的基于卫星的客观技术,这是对地球静止卫星图像数据集进行导航和校准校正的时期。1981-1988年期间,由于卫星图像的质量和可用性下降,澳大利亚区域技术转移的卫星估计普遍下降。强度和结构的客观技术质量与参考BT 2003-2016估计进行了比较。对于强度,先进的Dvorak技术算法与BT 2003-2016相吻合,该算法可以使用被动微波数据(PMW)作为输入。对于2003年以前没有PMW数据的时段,强度算法的偏差较小。对非pmw客观估计进行了系统修正,以产生一个扩展的(1989-2016)最大风均匀数据集,该数据集具有足够的精度,可用于在更短更准确的记录期间内评估更大的均匀样本量。使用Courtney-Knaff-Zehr风压关系创建了中心压力的相关记录。对于大小估计,研究了三种技术:偏差角方差和“Knaff”技术(基于ir),而“Lok”技术使用模型信息(ECMWF再分析数据集和ACCESS-TC的TC涡规范)。然而,结果缺乏足够的技巧来延长可靠的记录期。散射计数据的可用性使得BT 2003-2016数据集是最可靠和最准确的。总结了关于记录不同时期的每个参数的最佳数据源的建议。
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引用次数: 4
Improvement of wind field forecasts for tropical cyclones over the North Indian Ocean 改进北印度洋热带气旋的风场预报
IF 2.9 4区 地球科学 Q3 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcrr.2020.03.004
S.D. Kotal, S.K. Bhattacharya

This paper demonstrates a modification method for real-time improvement of wind field forecasts for a typical cyclone VARDAH, which formed over the Bay of Bengal (BoB) in 2016. The proposed method to improve the wind field forecasts associated with tropical cyclone consists of two components. The first one is the relocation method, which relocates the wind field forecasts obtained from the Global Forecast System(GFS) data of National Centres for Environmental Prediction(NCEP). The relocation of the model forecasts wind field is made on forecast locations generated by Multi Model Ensemble (MME) track forecast of India Meteorological Department(IMD). The second one is the modification of wind speed, which directly modifies the NCEP GFS wind speed forecasts based on intensity forecasts by Statistical Cyclone Intensity Prediction(SCIP) model of IMD. Applying these two methods, the displacement of wind field and underestimation/overestimation of wind speed in the model forecast field can be improved. Both modification methods show considerable improvements in the displacement and speed of wind field forecasts. The displacement error of wind field is found to have improved by about 51% at 48 h and about 80% at 72 h forecast. Overestimation of maximum wind speed in the forecast field is found to be improved by about 88% at 48 h and about 38% at 72 h forecast. The spatial distributions of corrected wind speed forecasts are also found to be more analogous than direct model forecasts with the corresponding analysis wind at all forecast hours. Two proposed modification methods could provide improved wind field forecast associated with tropical cyclones in real-time.

本文介绍了2016年在孟加拉湾形成的典型气旋VARDAH风场预报实时改进的修正方法。提出的改进热带气旋风场预报的方法包括两个部分。第一种是重新定位法,将国家环境预报中心(NCEP)全球预报系统(GFS)的风场预报数据进行重新定位。根据印度气象局(IMD)的多模式集合(MME)路径预报所产生的预报位置,对模式预报风场进行了重新定位。二是对风速的修正,即在IMD统计气旋强度预报(SCIP)模式预报强度的基础上,直接修正NCEP GFS的风速预报。应用这两种方法可以改善模式预报场中风场的位移和风速的过低/过高估计。两种修正方法在风场位移和风速预报方面都有较大的改进。结果表明,在48 h预报时,风场位移误差提高了约51%,在72 h预报时,风场位移误差提高了约80%。在48 h和72 h预报时,预报场对最大风速的高估分别提高了约88%和约38%。校正后的风速预报在各预报时段的空间分布也比直接模式预报更接近于相应的分析风。提出的两种修正方法可提供更准确的热带气旋风场实时预报。
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引用次数: 5
Tropical cyclone track prediction using a large-area WRF model at the Hong Kong Observatory 利用香港天文台的大面积WRF模式预测热带气旋路径
IF 2.9 4区 地球科学 Q3 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcrr.2020.03.002
Kai-Kwong Hon

Tropical cyclone (TC) track predictions of the 10-km resolution WRF (provisionally named "AAMC-WRF") of the Hong Kong Observatory (HKO), spanning (20⁰S - 60⁰N, 45⁰E − 160⁰E) is studied for a 1-year period from April 2018 to Mar 2019. Real-time predictions, up to 4 times a day and T+48 h ahead, are verified against operational analysis positions of HKO for storms over the South China Sea (SCS) and Western North Pacific (WNP); and of the New Delhi Regional Specialised Meteorological Centre (RSMC) for storms over the North Indian Ocean basin (NIO; including the Bay of Bengal). Out of 21 named TCs over SCS and WNP, mean positional errors of the AAMC-WRF are 33 km (T+0), 63 km (T+24), and 107 km (T+48) based on 209, 178 and 142 forecasts. The AAMC-WRF outperformed Meso-NHM, also run in real-time at HKO, with mean error reduction up to 34 km or 24%. Mean positional errors for 13 NIO storms are 38 km (T+0), 69 km (T+24) and 107 km (T+48) based on 183, 131 and 85 forecasts. This is the first study in which TC predictions of a regional model are simultaneously examined over the SCS, WNP and NIO basins through real-time experiments.

研究了香港天文台(HKO) 10公里分辨率WRF(暂时命名为“AAMC-WRF”)的热带气旋(TC)路径预测,跨度为(20⁰S - 60⁰N, 45⁰E - 160⁰E),为期1年,从2018年4月到2019年3月。根据香港天文台对南海及西北太平洋风暴的业务分析位置,验证每日最多4次及提前T+48小时的实时预报;以及新德里区域专业气象中心(RSMC)关于北印度洋盆地(NIO)风暴的预报;包括孟加拉湾)。在SCS和WNP上的21个命名tc中,AAMC-WRF基于209、178和142次预报的平均位置误差分别为33 km (T+0)、63 km (T+24)和107 km (T+48)。AAMC-WRF优于同样在香港天文台实时运行的Meso-NHM,平均误差减少了34公里或24%。基于183、131和85次预报,13次NIO风暴的平均定位误差分别为38 km (T+0)、69 km (T+24)和107 km (T+48)。这是第一次通过实时实验同时对区域模式的TC预测在SCS、WNP和NIO盆地进行检验的研究。
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引用次数: 15
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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review
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