Pub Date : 2023-05-19DOI: 10.5406/21638195.95.2.01
Lara E. C. Harris
The þistil mistil kistil inscription and its variants is one of the most cryptic magic runic inscriptions in the Old Norse corpus.1 Despite its having been researched by various scholars, its meaning, uses, and purposes are still largely unknown. In its original form, as illustrated on the Gørlev stone, the first two words that figure are the popular plants “thistle” (Þistil) and “mistletoe” (mistilteinn). Plantrelated formulas are not uncommon in the runic corpus, such as lina laukar alu (“flax/linen, leek, ale”)2 found in the Fløksand knife (Spurkland 2005, 46; MacLeod and Mees 2006, 103) and were believed to have magic properties and aid in childbirth (MacLeod and Mees 2006, 102; Heizmann 1992, 374–6). This theory has been put forward because leeks and linen are known to have been used as ingredients to heal and revive in Old Norse and AngloSaxon records.3
古挪威语料库中最神秘的魔法符文铭文之一是“þistil mistil kistil”及其变体尽管许多学者对它进行了研究，但它的含义、用途和目的在很大程度上仍然是未知的。正如Gørlev石碑上所示，在其最初的形式中，前两个词是流行的植物“蓟”(Þistil)和“槲寄生”(mistilteinn)。与植物相关的配方在北欧语料库中并不罕见，例如在flo øksand刀中发现的lina laukar alu(“亚麻/亚麻，韭菜，麦酒”)2 (Spurkland 2005,46;MacLeod and Mees 2006, 103)，并被认为具有神奇的特性，有助于分娩(MacLeod and Mees 2006, 102;Heizmann 1992, 374-6)。这一理论之所以被提出，是因为在古斯堪的纳维亚和盎格鲁-撒克逊的记录中，韭菜和亚麻被用作治疗和复苏的成分
{"title":"Þistil, mistil, kistil: Plants of Death, Rebirth, and Magic in Medieval Scandinavian Runic Inscriptions","authors":"Lara E. C. Harris","doi":"10.5406/21638195.95.2.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/21638195.95.2.01","url":null,"abstract":"The þistil mistil kistil inscription and its variants is one of the most cryptic magic runic inscriptions in the Old Norse corpus.1 Despite its having been researched by various scholars, its meaning, uses, and purposes are still largely unknown. In its original form, as illustrated on the Gørlev stone, the first two words that figure are the popular plants “thistle” (Þistil) and “mistletoe” (mistilteinn). Plantrelated formulas are not uncommon in the runic corpus, such as lina laukar alu (“flax/linen, leek, ale”)2 found in the Fløksand knife (Spurkland 2005, 46; MacLeod and Mees 2006, 103) and were believed to have magic properties and aid in childbirth (MacLeod and Mees 2006, 102; Heizmann 1992, 374–6). This theory has been put forward because leeks and linen are known to have been used as ingredients to heal and revive in Old Norse and AngloSaxon records.3","PeriodicalId":44446,"journal":{"name":"SCANDINAVIAN STUDIES","volume":"95 1","pages":"133 - 165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41380632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-19DOI: 10.5406/21638195.95.2.05
J. R. Neal
In a night of brutal carnage on the choppy, windswept waves of the Kattegat off the coast of modernday Sweden, two great Viking navies lashed their ships together and crashed into each other in a winnertakeall bloodbath. Fought on August 9, 1062, at the mouth of the River Niså in Halland, north of Skåne, the Battle of Niså was the culmination of 15 years of warfare between King Haraldr Sigurðarson1
{"title":"Nizarorustu: A Textual Analysis of the Battle of Niså","authors":"J. R. Neal","doi":"10.5406/21638195.95.2.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/21638195.95.2.05","url":null,"abstract":"In a night of brutal carnage on the choppy, windswept waves of the Kattegat off the coast of modernday Sweden, two great Viking navies lashed their ships together and crashed into each other in a winnertakeall bloodbath. Fought on August 9, 1062, at the mouth of the River Niså in Halland, north of Skåne, the Battle of Niså was the culmination of 15 years of warfare between King Haraldr Sigurðarson1","PeriodicalId":44446,"journal":{"name":"SCANDINAVIAN STUDIES","volume":"95 1","pages":"227 - 268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49630735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-19DOI: 10.5406/21638195.95.2.02
E. Sebo, M. Firth
The Kalvestene (calf stones) are a collection of ship settings,1 dated by cremated grave goods to the seventh to tenth century (Broholm 1937, 16–22), on the southern coast of the small island of Hjarnø, off the eastern coast of Jutland (fig. 1). This site is associated with a legend, first recorded in the twelfth century by Saxo Grammaticus in his Gesta Danorum, concerning a legendary king, Hiarni, his rise and fall, and how he came to be buried on the island and the monuments built to commemorate him. From an archaeological point of view, the legend has been problematic. As Jörn Staecker notes, sites associated with legends are especially vulnerable to misinterpretation, since the story tends to frame archaeological perceptions (2005, 3–28).2 Certainly, the account of the site by the antiquarian Ole Worm in 1650 shows clear signs of being influenced by the legend, and the same is true of all
{"title":"Saxo Grammaticus’s Account of the Viking Age Site on the Danish Island of Hjarnø in Gesta Danorum","authors":"E. Sebo, M. Firth","doi":"10.5406/21638195.95.2.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/21638195.95.2.02","url":null,"abstract":"The Kalvestene (calf stones) are a collection of ship settings,1 dated by cremated grave goods to the seventh to tenth century (Broholm 1937, 16–22), on the southern coast of the small island of Hjarnø, off the eastern coast of Jutland (fig. 1). This site is associated with a legend, first recorded in the twelfth century by Saxo Grammaticus in his Gesta Danorum, concerning a legendary king, Hiarni, his rise and fall, and how he came to be buried on the island and the monuments built to commemorate him. From an archaeological point of view, the legend has been problematic. As Jörn Staecker notes, sites associated with legends are especially vulnerable to misinterpretation, since the story tends to frame archaeological perceptions (2005, 3–28).2 Certainly, the account of the site by the antiquarian Ole Worm in 1650 shows clear signs of being influenced by the legend, and the same is true of all","PeriodicalId":44446,"journal":{"name":"SCANDINAVIAN STUDIES","volume":"95 1","pages":"166 - 182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42370863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-19DOI: 10.5406/21638195.95.2.04
Jonas Bakken
{"title":"Sámi Literature in Norwegian Language Arts Textbooks","authors":"Jonas Bakken","doi":"10.5406/21638195.95.2.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/21638195.95.2.04","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44446,"journal":{"name":"SCANDINAVIAN STUDIES","volume":"95 1","pages":"203 - 226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41527881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-19DOI: 10.5406/21638195.95.2.03
Gilduin Davy
In Chateaubriand’s Voyage en Amérique et en Italie, we read: “In Gothic languages, Scandinavia was called Mannaheim, which means ‘country of men,’” and what the Latin of the sixth century has translated with vigor by these words: “the factory of the human race.”2 This extract, as an echo of Jordanes’s vagina nationum, demonstrates the growing interest for Scandinavia in French intellectual life during the nineteenth century, and especially for Iceland, described by Chateaubriand as “the Norse historical archive.” Just as MacPherson’s Ossian had at the end of the preceding century, the discovery of Ari Thorgilsson or Snorri Sturluson (“the Herodote of the North” for Chateaubriand) further opened a new field of research for French scholars. In fact, this field had been opened up from at least the middle of the eighteenth century, when Montesquieu fantasized about a mythicized North as a homeland of freedom (in opposition to the South) and saw it not only as factory of mankind but as the “factory of instruments that
{"title":"How Icelandic Is French Law? A Few Remarks about the Discovery and Usage of Icelandic Antiquities in French Legal Historiography during the Nineteenth Century","authors":"Gilduin Davy","doi":"10.5406/21638195.95.2.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/21638195.95.2.03","url":null,"abstract":"In Chateaubriand’s Voyage en Amérique et en Italie, we read: “In Gothic languages, Scandinavia was called Mannaheim, which means ‘country of men,’” and what the Latin of the sixth century has translated with vigor by these words: “the factory of the human race.”2 This extract, as an echo of Jordanes’s vagina nationum, demonstrates the growing interest for Scandinavia in French intellectual life during the nineteenth century, and especially for Iceland, described by Chateaubriand as “the Norse historical archive.” Just as MacPherson’s Ossian had at the end of the preceding century, the discovery of Ari Thorgilsson or Snorri Sturluson (“the Herodote of the North” for Chateaubriand) further opened a new field of research for French scholars. In fact, this field had been opened up from at least the middle of the eighteenth century, when Montesquieu fantasized about a mythicized North as a homeland of freedom (in opposition to the South) and saw it not only as factory of mankind but as the “factory of instruments that","PeriodicalId":44446,"journal":{"name":"SCANDINAVIAN STUDIES","volume":"95 1","pages":"183 - 202"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43737285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.5406/21638195.95.1.06
Kirsten Wolf
{"title":"Bishops in Early Iceland","authors":"Kirsten Wolf","doi":"10.5406/21638195.95.1.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/21638195.95.1.06","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44446,"journal":{"name":"SCANDINAVIAN STUDIES","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44969410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.5406/21638195.95.1.05
T. A. Brown
{"title":"Civil War Settlers: Scandinavians, Citizenship, and American Empire, 1848–1870","authors":"T. A. Brown","doi":"10.5406/21638195.95.1.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/21638195.95.1.05","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44446,"journal":{"name":"SCANDINAVIAN STUDIES","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49537438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.5406/21638195.95.1.07
K. Ekman
{"title":"Union eller undergang: Kampen for et forent Skandinavia","authors":"K. Ekman","doi":"10.5406/21638195.95.1.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/21638195.95.1.07","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44446,"journal":{"name":"SCANDINAVIAN STUDIES","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47081031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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