Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.5406/21638195.94.4.03
A. Nesse
In this article, six autograph albums that were written in World War II will be analyzed. The owners of the albums were girls of eight to fourteen years from Bergen, a city on the western coast of Norway. The writers in the albums are mostly same-aged friends, but older family members also contribute with texts. The analysis includes different aspects of the texts: the memory verses, the illustrations, and the spelling. Because Norway was occupied by Germany starting in the Spring of 1940, all explicit utterances of national feelings—like singing or writing the national hymn, or hoisting or drawing the flag—were forbidden. Therefore, texts or illustrations displaying national motifs in words or drawings can be interpreted as acts of resistance. years before in spelling reformed and changed quite dramatically. New spelling were alongside the state administration. In a situation where access to school was difficult, and at times impossible, it is not necessarily obvious a it seems the new spelling prioritized. The aim of this article is to shed light both on how children’s resistance was shown through the texts and illustrations in the autograph albums and on how the teachers’ resistance might also have shown through the spelling conventions that the children used.
{"title":"Poetic Resistance: Girls' Autograph Albums during World War II in Norway","authors":"A. Nesse","doi":"10.5406/21638195.94.4.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/21638195.94.4.03","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, six autograph albums that were written in World War II will be analyzed. The owners of the albums were girls of eight to fourteen years from Bergen, a city on the western coast of Norway. The writers in the albums are mostly same-aged friends, but older family members also contribute with texts. The analysis includes different aspects of the texts: the memory verses, the illustrations, and the spelling. Because Norway was occupied by Germany starting in the Spring of 1940, all explicit utterances of national feelings—like singing or writing the national hymn, or hoisting or drawing the flag—were forbidden. Therefore, texts or illustrations displaying national motifs in words or drawings can be interpreted as acts of resistance. years before in spelling reformed and changed quite dramatically. New spelling were alongside the state administration. In a situation where access to school was difficult, and at times impossible, it is not necessarily obvious a it seems the new spelling prioritized. The aim of this article is to shed light both on how children’s resistance was shown through the texts and illustrations in the autograph albums and on how the teachers’ resistance might also have shown through the spelling conventions that the children used.","PeriodicalId":44446,"journal":{"name":"SCANDINAVIAN STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42709853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.5406/21638195.94.4.05
Jonas Wellendorf
A nation (gens) is a number of people sharing a single origin, or distinguished from another nation (natio) in accordance with its own grouping, as the “nations” of Greece or of Asia Minor. From this comes the term “shared heritage” (gentilitas). The word gens is also so called on account of the generations (generatio) of families, that is from “begetting” (gignere, ppl. genitus), as the term “nation” (natio) comes from “being born” (nasci, pp. natus). (Barney et al. 2006, 192)1
一个民族(氏族)是一群人，他们有一个共同的起源，或者根据自己的群体与另一个民族(民族)区分开来，如希腊或小亚细亚的“民族”。“共同遗产”(gentilitas)一词由此而来。“氏族”一词也被称为“代”(generatio)的家庭，这是来自“begetting”(gignere, ppl)。Genitus)，因为“国家”(natio)一词来自“出生”(nasci, pp. natus)。(Barney et al. 2006, 192
{"title":"Ethnogenesis and Stranger-Kings in Old Scandinavian Literature","authors":"Jonas Wellendorf","doi":"10.5406/21638195.94.4.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/21638195.94.4.05","url":null,"abstract":"A nation (gens) is a number of people sharing a single origin, or distinguished from another nation (natio) in accordance with its own grouping, as the “nations” of Greece or of Asia Minor. From this comes the term “shared heritage” (gentilitas). The word gens is also so called on account of the generations (generatio) of families, that is from “begetting” (gignere, ppl. genitus), as the term “nation” (natio) comes from “being born” (nasci, pp. natus). (Barney et al. 2006, 192)1","PeriodicalId":44446,"journal":{"name":"SCANDINAVIAN STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44477754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.5406/21638195.94.3.09
Leonie Marx
{"title":"Some Would Call This Living","authors":"Leonie Marx","doi":"10.5406/21638195.94.3.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/21638195.94.3.09","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44446,"journal":{"name":"SCANDINAVIAN STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41605204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.5406/21638195.94.4.04
Harriet Soper
{"title":"Echoing Retorts in Hárbarðsljóð and Lokasenna","authors":"Harriet Soper","doi":"10.5406/21638195.94.4.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/21638195.94.4.04","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44446,"journal":{"name":"SCANDINAVIAN STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45163299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.5406/21638195.94.4.06
Ellen Rees
Evert Sprinchorn’s biography of the Norwegian dramatist Henrik Ibsen, Ibsen’s Kingdom: The Man and His Works, published by Yale University Press in 2020, is riddled throughout with errors and presents neither new information about “the Man” nor particularly insightful interpretations of “His Works.” Sprinchorn has missed what amounts to a revolution in historical and biographical research into Ibsen’s life spearheaded by Ivo de Figueiredo’s two-volume biography Henrik Ibsen: Mennesket (2006; Henrik Ibsen: The Human Being) and Henrik Ibsen: Masken (2007; Henrik Ibsen: The Mask).1 De Figueiredo’s groundbreaking study is now available in one volume in Robert Ferguson’s English translation, also published by Yale University Press (de Figueiredo 2019). The 2010 publication of Den biografiske Ibsen (The Biographical Ibsen) marks a major advancement in Ibsen scholarship overlooked by Sprinchorn; this collection of articles calls into question the historical accuracy of many of the persistent biographical tropes about Ibsen (Sæther, Dingstad, Kittang, and Rekdal 2010). Sprinchorn cites neither this important volume, nor any of the meticulously researched and compelling biographical, book-historical, and theaterhistorical findings by scholars such as Anette Storli Andersen, Ståle
{"title":"Tropes Revisited: Evert Sprinchorn's Ibsen's Kingdom: The Man and His Works and Recent Historical Research in Ibsen Studies","authors":"Ellen Rees","doi":"10.5406/21638195.94.4.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/21638195.94.4.06","url":null,"abstract":"Evert Sprinchorn’s biography of the Norwegian dramatist Henrik Ibsen, Ibsen’s Kingdom: The Man and His Works, published by Yale University Press in 2020, is riddled throughout with errors and presents neither new information about “the Man” nor particularly insightful interpretations of “His Works.” Sprinchorn has missed what amounts to a revolution in historical and biographical research into Ibsen’s life spearheaded by Ivo de Figueiredo’s two-volume biography Henrik Ibsen: Mennesket (2006; Henrik Ibsen: The Human Being) and Henrik Ibsen: Masken (2007; Henrik Ibsen: The Mask).1 De Figueiredo’s groundbreaking study is now available in one volume in Robert Ferguson’s English translation, also published by Yale University Press (de Figueiredo 2019). The 2010 publication of Den biografiske Ibsen (The Biographical Ibsen) marks a major advancement in Ibsen scholarship overlooked by Sprinchorn; this collection of articles calls into question the historical accuracy of many of the persistent biographical tropes about Ibsen (Sæther, Dingstad, Kittang, and Rekdal 2010). Sprinchorn cites neither this important volume, nor any of the meticulously researched and compelling biographical, book-historical, and theaterhistorical findings by scholars such as Anette Storli Andersen, Ståle","PeriodicalId":44446,"journal":{"name":"SCANDINAVIAN STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46501336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.5406/21638195.94.4.07
R. Johnsen
{"title":"Geopolitics, Northern Europe, and Nordic Noir: What Television Series Tell Us about World Politics by Robert A. Saunders (review)","authors":"R. Johnsen","doi":"10.5406/21638195.94.4.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/21638195.94.4.07","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44446,"journal":{"name":"SCANDINAVIAN STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43496443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.5406/21638195.94.4.01
Adèle Kreager
In Old Norse literature, landscape is a significant component of the grammar of a text. To take just three examples, consider Drangey in Grettis saga Ásmundarsonar: a sheer and unassailable island described as a “vígi” (Grettis saga Ásmundarsonar 1936, 218) [stronghold], where the outlaw Grettir makes his last stand. This “vígi” represents the ultimate topographical expression of Grettir’s progressive dislocation from society, a locus “symbolic of an incarcerated psyche” (Damico 1986, 11). Consider the body of water across which two hostile interlocutors hurl insults and negotiate identities in the eddic poem Hárbarðsljóð: “‘Hverr er sá karl karla / er kallar um váginn?’” (Hárbarðsljóð 2014, 389) [Who is that churl of churls who calls across the gulf?].2 This spatial threshold is structural to the speech-act that ensues, since it enforces verbal rather than martial combat. And consider the dynamic seascape of cliff, rock, and wave, conjured through cumulative kennings
在古挪威文学中，风景是文本语法的重要组成部分。举三个例子，看看格雷蒂斯传奇中的德拉盖：一个被描述为“维吉”（格雷蒂斯传奇，1936年218年）[据点]的纯粹而无懈可击的岛屿，不法分子格雷蒂尔在这里最后一次站起来。这个“vígi”代表了格雷蒂尔逐渐脱离社会的终极地形表达，这是一个“被监禁的精神象征”的场所（Damico 1986，11）。想想eddic诗歌Hárbarğsljóğ：“Hverr er sákarl karla/er kallar um váginn？”（Háerbarğsl jóabl 2014389）中，两个敌对的对话者在水体中辱骂和协商身份，因为它强制执行口头战斗而不是军事战斗。想想通过累积的kennings创造的悬崖、岩石和波浪的动态海景
{"title":"Encounters at the Mound in Old Norse Literature: Dialogues between Landscape and Narrative","authors":"Adèle Kreager","doi":"10.5406/21638195.94.4.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/21638195.94.4.01","url":null,"abstract":"In Old Norse literature, landscape is a significant component of the grammar of a text. To take just three examples, consider Drangey in Grettis saga Ásmundarsonar: a sheer and unassailable island described as a “vígi” (Grettis saga Ásmundarsonar 1936, 218) [stronghold], where the outlaw Grettir makes his last stand. This “vígi” represents the ultimate topographical expression of Grettir’s progressive dislocation from society, a locus “symbolic of an incarcerated psyche” (Damico 1986, 11). Consider the body of water across which two hostile interlocutors hurl insults and negotiate identities in the eddic poem Hárbarðsljóð: “‘Hverr er sá karl karla / er kallar um váginn?’” (Hárbarðsljóð 2014, 389) [Who is that churl of churls who calls across the gulf?].2 This spatial threshold is structural to the speech-act that ensues, since it enforces verbal rather than martial combat. And consider the dynamic seascape of cliff, rock, and wave, conjured through cumulative kennings","PeriodicalId":44446,"journal":{"name":"SCANDINAVIAN STUDIES","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45827207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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