Pub Date : 2021-04-02DOI: 10.20430/ETE.V88I350.1104
S. J. L. López Pérez, Xavier Vence
La estructura y la tendencia del sistema fiscal reflejan la orientación del modelo de desarrollo que ha seguido México y determinan su modelo futuro y su capacidad para hacer frente a los retos de la sociedad (desarrollo, equidad, bienestar, sostenibilidad ambiental, etc.). El objetivo de este trabajo es conocer la dimensión relativa, la estructura por impuestos y las tendencias de la recaudación tributaria, así como la naturaleza y los objetivos de los incentivos y los beneficios fiscales en vigor en México en los últimos años. Este ejercicio permite evaluar la reforma hacendaria de 2014 con la perspectiva de los seis años transcurridos y formula los retos futuros. Se utilizó un enfoque descriptivo y cualitativo con base en los datos obtenidos del Centro Interamericano de Administraciones Tributarias (CIAT), la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos (OCDE) y la Secretaría de Hacienda y Crédito Público (SHCP). Se analizan la estructura de la recaudación tributaria centrada en los principales impuestos federales, así como el volumen y la composición del gasto fiscal, al desglosar los incentivos y los beneficios fiscales existentes sobre cada uno de los impuestos. Los principales resultados indican una evolución pasiva en el poder de recaudo de 12.5% del producto interno bruto (PIB) en 1990 a 15.6% en 2019, apoyado principalmente en los impuestos al consumo, el impuesto sobre la renta salarial y una fuerte dependencia del sector de hidrocarburos. Se muestra que algunos de los objetivos declarados de la reforma —aumentar de forma significativa la capacidad recaudatoria y reducir la multitud de incentivos y beneficios fiscales— apenas se han cumplido. Para concluir, se formulan algunos retos que debería afrontar una reforma fiscal para la inclusión, la equidad y la sostenibilidad.
{"title":"Estructura y evolución de ingresos tributarios y beneficios fiscales en México. Análisis del periodo 1990-2019 y evaluación de la reforma fiscal de 2014","authors":"S. J. L. López Pérez, Xavier Vence","doi":"10.20430/ETE.V88I350.1104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20430/ETE.V88I350.1104","url":null,"abstract":"La estructura y la tendencia del sistema fiscal reflejan la orientación del modelo de desarrollo que ha seguido México y determinan su modelo futuro y su capacidad para hacer frente a los retos de la sociedad (desarrollo, equidad, bienestar, sostenibilidad ambiental, etc.). El objetivo de este trabajo es conocer la dimensión relativa, la estructura por impuestos y las tendencias de la recaudación tributaria, así como la naturaleza y los objetivos de los incentivos y los beneficios fiscales en vigor en México en los últimos años. Este ejercicio permite evaluar la reforma hacendaria de 2014 con la perspectiva de los seis años transcurridos y formula los retos futuros. Se utilizó un enfoque descriptivo y cualitativo con base en los datos obtenidos del Centro Interamericano de Administraciones Tributarias (CIAT), la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos (OCDE) y la Secretaría de Hacienda y Crédito Público (SHCP). Se analizan la estructura de la recaudación tributaria centrada en los principales impuestos federales, así como el volumen y la composición del gasto fiscal, al desglosar los incentivos y los beneficios fiscales existentes sobre cada uno de los impuestos. Los principales resultados indican una evolución pasiva en el poder de recaudo de 12.5% del producto interno bruto (PIB) en 1990 a 15.6% en 2019, apoyado principalmente en los impuestos al consumo, el impuesto sobre la renta salarial y una fuerte dependencia del sector de hidrocarburos. Se muestra que algunos de los objetivos declarados de la reforma —aumentar de forma significativa la capacidad recaudatoria y reducir la multitud de incentivos y beneficios fiscales— apenas se han cumplido. Para concluir, se formulan algunos retos que debería afrontar una reforma fiscal para la inclusión, la equidad y la sostenibilidad.","PeriodicalId":44464,"journal":{"name":"Trimestre Economico","volume":"88 1","pages":"373-417"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44133023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-02DOI: 10.20430/ETE.V88I350.700
C. Zamora, A. Ramírez
En el presente artículo estudiamos la duración en el mercado de las viviendas nuevas construidas por desarrolladores en México entre 2013 y 2015. En particular, se analiza si las características físicas de la vivienda, el estado en el que se localizan, la fecha en que fueron puestas a la venta, la duración de la construcción, el precio inicial, el tamaño de la empresa desarrolladora y el tamaño del conjunto habitacional tienen algún efecto sobre la duración de las viviendas en el mercado. Utilizamos un modelo de análisis de supervivencia de Cox. Los resultados más importantes indican que la posibilidad de que se venda una vivienda decrece conforme pasa el tiempo y, en general, es menor para las viviendas de mayor precio, las de mayor tamaño, las que tomaron más tiempo en construirse, así como aquellas en conjuntos habitacionales más pequeños y construidas por empresas desarrolladoras de menor tamaño.
{"title":"La duración en el mercado de vivienda nueva construida por desarrolladores en México","authors":"C. Zamora, A. Ramírez","doi":"10.20430/ETE.V88I350.700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20430/ETE.V88I350.700","url":null,"abstract":"En el presente artículo estudiamos la duración en el mercado de las viviendas nuevas construidas por desarrolladores en México entre 2013 y 2015. En particular, se analiza si las características físicas de la vivienda, el estado en el que se localizan, la fecha en que fueron puestas a la venta, la duración de la construcción, el precio inicial, el tamaño de la empresa desarrolladora y el tamaño del conjunto habitacional tienen algún efecto sobre la duración de las viviendas en el mercado. Utilizamos un modelo de análisis de supervivencia de Cox. Los resultados más importantes indican que la posibilidad de que se venda una vivienda decrece conforme pasa el tiempo y, en general, es menor para las viviendas de mayor precio, las de mayor tamaño, las que tomaron más tiempo en construirse, así como aquellas en conjuntos habitacionales más pequeños y construidas por empresas desarrolladoras de menor tamaño.","PeriodicalId":44464,"journal":{"name":"Trimestre Economico","volume":"88 1","pages":"551-582"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46708879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-02DOI: 10.20430/ETE.V88I350.862
Ramón Javier Mesa, Cristina Villar, José Pla-Barber
This paper investigates, for the first time in the Colombian case, the indirect effects of spillovers from foreign direct investment (fdi) on the exports of national companies. At an empirical level, we used a convenience sample made of 32 exporting companies, 14 foreign affiliates, and 18 domestic companies, which maintained continuity at about 60% of the total value of the national exportable supply in the 20072016 period. By using a panel of data with fixed effects, we show that the positive effects of the inflow of fdi on the export of local companies are more associated with reaction mechanisms for the protection of their international markets from the so-called competition effect, and not with the export learning processes due to the knowledge, the technology, and the experience that foreign companies possess.
{"title":"Derrames de la inversión extranjera directa y su efecto en las exportaciones: una aplicación empírica en un país emergente","authors":"Ramón Javier Mesa, Cristina Villar, José Pla-Barber","doi":"10.20430/ETE.V88I350.862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20430/ETE.V88I350.862","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates, for the first time in the Colombian case, the indirect effects of spillovers from foreign direct investment (fdi) on the exports of national companies. At an empirical level, we used a convenience sample made of 32 exporting companies, 14 foreign affiliates, and 18 domestic companies, which maintained continuity at about 60% of the total value of the national exportable supply in the 20072016 period. By using a panel of data with fixed effects, we show that the positive effects of the inflow of fdi on the export of local companies are more associated with reaction mechanisms for the protection of their international markets from the so-called competition effect, and not with the export learning processes due to the knowledge, the technology, and the experience that foreign companies possess.","PeriodicalId":44464,"journal":{"name":"Trimestre Economico","volume":"88 1","pages":"455-482"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46552316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-04DOI: 10.20430/ete.v88i349.1010
G. Rodríguez
This paper performs a comparative analysis of the Chinese and Mexican production structures, through a descriptive study and using the methods of structural analysis on input-output tables of 1995 and 2011. During this period, the average annual per capita gross domestic product (GDP) growth in China amounted to 9.18%, while in Mexico it reached only 0.95%. Assuming that China’s growth has been successful in this sense, then a mayor conclusion from this paper is that if Mexico wishes to reach high growth rates, the main element potentially useful to elaborate an efficacious strategy from China’s experience is clear: To foster, from a proactive participation of the state, the development of key sectors which will constantly increase their multiplier effects, so that a mayor integration of the national economy is achieved, and the development and consolidation of the productive apparatus sufficient to support the generation of next-generation productive sectors.
{"title":"Cambio en la estructura productiva, 1995-2011: China versus México","authors":"G. Rodríguez","doi":"10.20430/ete.v88i349.1010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20430/ete.v88i349.1010","url":null,"abstract":"This paper performs a comparative analysis of the Chinese and Mexican production structures, through a descriptive study and using the methods of structural analysis on input-output tables of 1995 and 2011. During this period, the average annual per capita gross domestic product (GDP) growth in China amounted to 9.18%, while in Mexico it reached only 0.95%. Assuming that China’s growth has been successful in this sense, then a mayor conclusion from this paper is that if Mexico wishes to reach high growth rates, the main element potentially useful to elaborate an efficacious strategy from China’s experience is clear: To foster, from a proactive participation of the state, the development of key sectors which will constantly increase their multiplier effects, so that a mayor integration of the national economy is achieved, and the development and consolidation of the productive apparatus sufficient to support the generation of next-generation productive sectors.","PeriodicalId":44464,"journal":{"name":"Trimestre Economico","volume":"88 1","pages":"107-141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42752188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-04DOI: 10.20430/ete.v88i349.907
Nicolás Gonzálvez-Gallego, Laura Nieto-Torrejón, María Concepción Pérez-Cárceles
Different international organizations and national governments are promoting the adoption of open government strategies. There are rankings to measure the evolution of some of its dimensions, but there is a gap of indicators comprising open data, transparency, participation and collaboration simultaneously. In this paper we propose the Open Government and Participation Index (OGPI), based on previous academic works, to compare open government strategies over time and among different countries. The index, which weighs different open government dimensions, is built for a sample of 33 member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) from open and consistent sources. The results show that the areas of transparency and open data have a wide room for improvement and that participation and collaboration strategies require an autonomous approach. By region, open government is more developed in the Commonwealth countries, while those in Eastern Europe present the lowest level of implementation.
{"title":"Una medida global de gobierno abierto para la OCDE. Recomendaciones para España","authors":"Nicolás Gonzálvez-Gallego, Laura Nieto-Torrejón, María Concepción Pérez-Cárceles","doi":"10.20430/ete.v88i349.907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20430/ete.v88i349.907","url":null,"abstract":"Different international organizations and national governments are promoting the adoption of open government strategies. There are rankings to measure the evolution of some of its dimensions, but there is a gap of indicators comprising open data, transparency, participation and collaboration simultaneously. In this paper we propose the Open Government and Participation Index (OGPI), based on previous academic works, to compare open government strategies over time and among different countries. The index, which weighs different open government dimensions, is built for a sample of 33 member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) from open and consistent sources. The results show that the areas of transparency and open data have a wide room for improvement and that participation and collaboration strategies require an autonomous approach. By region, open government is more developed in the Commonwealth countries, while those in Eastern Europe present the lowest level of implementation.","PeriodicalId":44464,"journal":{"name":"Trimestre Economico","volume":"88 1","pages":"219-245"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43860503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-04DOI: 10.20430/ete.v88i349.1064
Bruno Sovilla, Elmar Morales Sánchez, Karina Guadalupe Gómez Méndez
Because the labor market in southwest Mexico is very different from that in the north, a given wage policy may affect the two markets quite differently. It is shown that the southwest’s high level of labor informality will not only prevent a minimum-wage increase from addressing that region’s high level of poverty effectively, but will actually worsen Mexico’s unequal territorial distribution of income. Therefore, we maintain that, under the current conditions of the country’s labor market, saying that the existing policy of increasing the minimum wage will reduce both poverty and inequality amounts to a contradictio in adiecto. Such a policy will continue to be self-contradictory until it considers implementing, as well, a job guarantee policy.
{"title":"Trabajo garantizado y política salarial para reducir la pobreza en México","authors":"Bruno Sovilla, Elmar Morales Sánchez, Karina Guadalupe Gómez Méndez","doi":"10.20430/ete.v88i349.1064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20430/ete.v88i349.1064","url":null,"abstract":"Because the labor market in southwest Mexico is very different from that in the north, a given wage policy may affect the two markets quite differently. It is shown that the southwest’s high level of labor informality will not only prevent a minimum-wage increase from addressing that region’s high level of poverty effectively, but will actually worsen Mexico’s unequal territorial distribution of income. Therefore, we maintain that, under the current conditions of the country’s labor market, saying that the existing policy of increasing the minimum wage will reduce both poverty and inequality amounts to a contradictio in adiecto. Such a policy will continue to be self-contradictory until it considers implementing, as well, a job guarantee policy.","PeriodicalId":44464,"journal":{"name":"Trimestre Economico","volume":"88 1","pages":"5-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41544112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-04DOI: 10.20430/ete.v88i349.1005
Francisco A. Martínez Hernández, Saúl Herrrera Aguilar
In this investigation we show how the different energy reforms that have been implemented in Mexico, by gradually linking the price of domestic fuels to international market prices and to the domestic tax structure, have tended to distort the domestic price and production of gasoline, all of which has been inclined to decapitalize Pemex, to reduce domestic refining capacity, and to accelerate the amount of gasoline imports. This investigation is divided in four sections. The first analyzes the evolution of both the organization and the business model of Pemex, where a criteria of economic efficiency, openness and increasing dependence on private capital currently predominate. The second studies the intra-organism prices and the factors that have generated distortions in the components of these prices. The third is dedicated to the analysis of the most important components of the country’s oil trade balance. From this analysis and with econometric models, we obtained two estimates of the changes in income and price elasticities of demand for oil imports. The fourth section presents the final reflections with the objective of proposing energy policy alternatives applicable to the reality facing the country.
{"title":"Pemex, su reestructuración corporativa, financiera y productiva, y los efectos de ésta sobre la balanza comercial petrolera","authors":"Francisco A. Martínez Hernández, Saúl Herrrera Aguilar","doi":"10.20430/ete.v88i349.1005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20430/ete.v88i349.1005","url":null,"abstract":"In this investigation we show how the different energy reforms that have been implemented in Mexico, by gradually linking the price of domestic fuels to international market prices and to the domestic tax structure, have tended to distort the domestic price and production of gasoline, all of which has been inclined to decapitalize Pemex, to reduce domestic refining capacity, and to accelerate the amount of gasoline imports. This investigation is divided in four sections. The first analyzes the evolution of both the organization and the business model of Pemex, where a criteria of economic efficiency, openness and increasing dependence on private capital currently predominate. The second studies the intra-organism prices and the factors that have generated distortions in the components of these prices. The third is dedicated to the analysis of the most important components of the country’s oil trade balance. From this analysis and with econometric models, we obtained two estimates of the changes in income and price elasticities of demand for oil imports. The fourth section presents the final reflections with the objective of proposing energy policy alternatives applicable to the reality facing the country.","PeriodicalId":44464,"journal":{"name":"Trimestre Economico","volume":"88 1","pages":"143-180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45296452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-04DOI: 10.20430/ete.v88i349.1211
C. Kay
Este artículo analiza los orígenes y el desarrollo de la teoría de la dependencia a través de la vida y la obra de Theotonio Dos Santos, los cuales se indagan en sus años de formación en la academia y su temprano activismo político en Brasil, en particular, su paso por la Universidad de Brasilia junto a Vania Bambirra, Ruy Mauro Marini y André Gunder Frank (“el cuarteto”). A esto le sigue una discusión sobre sus años de exilio en Chile, donde el cuarteto se reagrupó en el Centro de Estudios Socio-Económicos (CESO) de la Universidad de Chile, y donde escribió sus textos fundacionales sobre la teoría de la dependencia. Chile proporcionó un terreno fértil para el desarrollo de esta teoría por su clima intelectual, institucionalidad y las transformaciones políticas del país a fines de la década de los sesenta y comienzos de la de los setenta. El derrocamiento militar del gobierno de Allende, ese fatídico 11 de septiembre de 1973, obligó al cuarteto una vez más al exilio. El artículo continúa con un análisis de los escritos de Dos Santos durante su exilio en México y luego de regreso en Brasil. Durante este periodo se involucró con la teoría del sistema mundial, que culminó con la publicación de su extensa trilogía sobre la crisis contemporánea del capitalismo y la teoría social.
本文探讨的起源和发展的理论通过依赖Theotonio Dos Santos的工作和生活,了解在其年学院培训中心和早期政治激进主义,特别是在巴西,巴西利亚大学的旁边的Vania Bambirra Mauro马利诺布鲁和andre Gunder Frank(“四方”)。随后讨论了他们在智利的流亡岁月，四重奏在智利大学的社会经济研究中心(CESO)重新组合，并在那里撰写了关于依赖理论的创始文本。智利在20世纪60年代末和70年代初的知识气候、体制和政治变革为这一理论的发展提供了肥沃的土壤。1973年9月11日，阿连德政府被军事推翻，迫使四方再次流亡。本文继续分析多斯桑托斯在流亡墨西哥和返回巴西期间的作品。在此期间，他参与了世界体系理论，并出版了关于当代资本主义危机和社会理论的广泛三部曲。
{"title":"Theotonio Dos Santos (1936-2018): intelectual revolucionario y pionero de la teoría de la dependencia","authors":"C. Kay","doi":"10.20430/ete.v88i349.1211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20430/ete.v88i349.1211","url":null,"abstract":"Este artículo analiza los orígenes y el desarrollo de la teoría de la dependencia a través de la vida y la obra de Theotonio Dos Santos, los cuales se indagan en sus años de formación en la academia y su temprano activismo político en Brasil, en particular, su paso por la Universidad de Brasilia junto a Vania Bambirra, Ruy Mauro Marini y André Gunder Frank (“el cuarteto”). A esto le sigue una discusión sobre sus años de exilio en Chile, donde el cuarteto se reagrupó en el Centro de Estudios Socio-Económicos (CESO) de la Universidad de Chile, y donde escribió sus textos fundacionales sobre la teoría de la dependencia. Chile proporcionó un terreno fértil para el desarrollo de esta teoría por su clima intelectual, institucionalidad y las transformaciones políticas del país a fines de la década de los sesenta y comienzos de la de los setenta. El derrocamiento militar del gobierno de Allende, ese fatídico 11 de septiembre de 1973, obligó al cuarteto una vez más al exilio. El artículo continúa con un análisis de los escritos de Dos Santos durante su exilio en México y luego de regreso en Brasil. Durante este periodo se involucró con la teoría del sistema mundial, que culminó con la publicación de su extensa trilogía sobre la crisis contemporánea del capitalismo y la teoría social.","PeriodicalId":44464,"journal":{"name":"Trimestre Economico","volume":"88 1","pages":"277-320"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42700191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-04DOI: 10.20430/ete.v88i349.1207
E. Altvater
Con base en una célebre frase del filósofo Friedrich Schiller respecto de la historia universal, Elmar Altvater se pregunta de manera homónima sobre el capitalismo y reflexiona sobre la importancia de criticarlo. Analiza las transformaciones de este sistema económico desde que se originó en el siglo XVIII y aborda críticamente su funcionamiento actual, así como las consecuencias que ha tenido, en particular su falta de sostenibilidad en un mediano plazo. Plantea la vital importancia de que este sistema no únicamente se estudie desde la economía, sino desde una perspectiva multidisciplinaria que incluya otras ciencias sociales, como la política y la sociología, además de las ciencias naturales, con el fin de abarcar al capitalismo desde todos sus ángulos y abrir espacio para nuevas ideas.
{"title":"¿A qué se llama y con qué fin se critica al capitalismo?","authors":"E. Altvater","doi":"10.20430/ete.v88i349.1207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20430/ete.v88i349.1207","url":null,"abstract":"Con base en una célebre frase del filósofo Friedrich Schiller respecto de la historia universal, Elmar Altvater se pregunta de manera homónima sobre el capitalismo y reflexiona sobre la importancia de criticarlo. Analiza las transformaciones de este sistema económico desde que se originó en el siglo XVIII y aborda críticamente su funcionamiento actual, así como las consecuencias que ha tenido, en particular su falta de sostenibilidad en un mediano plazo. Plantea la vital importancia de que este sistema no únicamente se estudie desde la economía, sino desde una perspectiva multidisciplinaria que incluya otras ciencias sociales, como la política y la sociología, además de las ciencias naturales, con el fin de abarcar al capitalismo desde todos sus ángulos y abrir espacio para nuevas ideas.","PeriodicalId":44464,"journal":{"name":"Trimestre Economico","volume":"88 1","pages":"323-341"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48994546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-04DOI: 10.20430/ete.v88i349.1002
Amando Sánchez Vargas, Débora Martínez Ventura, Francisco López-Herrera
Given the uncertainty in this regard, this paper analyzes the most appropriate monetary policy position for Mexico, which aims to maintain the inflation objective without negatively affecting product growth. The value of the neutral interest rate in Mexico for the next five years is estimated based on Taylor’s rule and a co-integrated vector autoregression (VAR) model (CVAR). The results suggest that the monetary policy rate is above the neutral interest rate, which, combined with the potential international rate cut, could grant the central bank for almost the entire six-year period a degree of freedom to maintain its rate below the current level; in the short term the current monetary policy rate could be cut by at least 25 points without risking convergence to the inflation target.
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