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2017 13th IEEE Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE)最新文献

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Smart control of indoor thermal environment based on online learned thermal comfort model using infrared thermal imaging 基于红外热成像在线学习热舒适模型的室内热环境智能控制
Pub Date : 2017-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/COASE.2017.8256221
Fulin Wang, Binruo Zhu, Rui Li, Dianshan Han, Zeyun Sun, Saejin Moon, Ziyang Gong, Wenhong Yu
The present indoor environment control is conducted according to the set-points given by room occupants or building managers. This control method might exist improper temperature set-points so that result in discomfort of overheating/overcooling and corresponding energy waste. For the purpose of solving these problems, a smart solution for indoor environment control, which is based on online learned thermal comfort model using infrared thermal imaging, is proposed to take place of the set-points based control. Experiments were conducted to study the feasibility, user acceptance, and energy performance of the proposed smart control method. The experiment results show that shows that the users are satisfactory with this control system, which means the proposed indoor thermal environment control method based on thermal sensation prediction is feasible for actual application and effective for achieve more satisfactory indoor thermal environment using a smarter way.
目前的室内环境控制是根据房间使用者或建筑物管理员给出的设定值进行的。这种控制方式可能存在温度设定值不合理的问题,从而造成过热/过冷的不适,造成能源浪费。为了解决这些问题,提出了一种基于红外热成像在线学习热舒适模型的室内环境智能控制方案来取代基于设定点的控制。实验研究了所提出的智能控制方法的可行性、用户接受度和节能性能。实验结果表明,用户对该控制系统较为满意,说明本文提出的基于热感觉预测的室内热环境控制方法在实际应用中是可行的,对于以更智能的方式实现更满意的室内热环境是有效的。
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引用次数: 11
A geometric errors analysis method integrated clamping error and wear out error over working space 一种综合夹持误差和工作空间磨损误差的几何误差分析方法
Pub Date : 2017-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/COASE.2017.8256178
Xiaojian Liu, Chenrui Wu, Le-miao Qiu, Yang Wang, Shuyou Zhang
Machining accuracy is one of the major parameters of machine tools which is determined by geometric accuracy design to a large extent. In order to improve the comprehensiveness and veracity in geometric accuracy design, this paper proposed a geometric errors analysis method integrated clamping error and wear out error over working space. A multi-rigid-body model which included the cutting tool's wear out error and work-piece's clamping error is established to represent the position relationships of machine tools' working components. The expression of geometric error was converted from matrix form to screw form through a screw mapping method so that geometric error of all the six degree of freedom in global coordinate frame can be straightly expressed. Based on this, the key geometric errors that affecting the machining accuracy were identified through the improved sensitivity analysis in which motion rules through working space were considered. Finally, a case study on geometric accuracy design stage of a horizontal boring machine was carried out which highlights the advantages of the proposed methodology.
加工精度是机床的主要参数之一,在很大程度上是由几何精度设计决定的。为了提高几何精度设计的全面性和准确性,提出了一种综合夹持误差和工作空间磨损误差的几何误差分析方法。建立了包含刀具磨损误差和工件夹紧误差的多刚体模型来表示机床各工作部件的位置关系。通过螺旋映射法将几何误差的表达式由矩阵形式转换为螺旋形式,从而可以直观地表示出全局坐标系中所有6个自由度的几何误差。在此基础上,通过考虑工作空间运动规律的改进灵敏度分析,识别出影响加工精度的关键几何误差。最后,以卧式镗床的几何精度设计阶段为例,说明了该方法的优越性。
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引用次数: 0
Generalized Haar filter based CNN for object detection in traffic scenes 基于广义Haar滤波的CNN交通场景目标检测
Pub Date : 2017-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/COASE.2017.8256342
Keyu Lu, Jian Li, X. An, Hangen He, Xiping Hu
Vision-based object detection is one of the fundamental functions in numerous traffic scene applications such as self-driving vehicle systems and advance driver assistance systems (ADAS). Meanwhile, it also poses to be a demanding task due to the diversity of traffic scenes and resource limitations of the platforms for traffic scene applications. To address these issues, we present a generalized Haar filter based CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) which is suitable for the object detection tasks in traffic scenes. In this approach, we first decompose an object detection task into multiple local regression tasks. Thereafter, we handle these local regression tasks using several light and efficient networks which simultaneously output the bounding boxes, categories and confidence scores of detected objects. To reduce the consumption of storage and computing resources, the weights of these deep networks are constrained to the form of generalized Haar filters. Finally, we carry out various experiments to evaluate the performance of our proposed approach in traffic scene datasets. Experimental results demonstrate that our object detection system is light and effective in comparison with the state-of-the-art.
基于视觉的目标检测是自动驾驶汽车系统和高级驾驶辅助系统(ADAS)等众多交通场景应用的基本功能之一。同时,由于交通场景的多样性和交通场景应用平台的资源限制,这也是一项艰巨的任务。为了解决这些问题,我们提出了一种基于广义Haar滤波器的卷积神经网络,它适用于交通场景中的目标检测任务。在这种方法中,我们首先将目标检测任务分解为多个局部回归任务。然后,我们使用几个轻量级和高效的网络来处理这些局部回归任务,这些网络同时输出检测到的目标的边界框、类别和置信度分数。为了减少存储和计算资源的消耗,这些深度网络的权值被约束为广义Haar滤波器的形式。最后,我们进行了各种实验来评估我们提出的方法在交通场景数据集中的性能。实验结果表明,与现有的目标检测系统相比,我们的目标检测系统轻巧有效。
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引用次数: 3
Multi-fidelity modeling for analysis of serial production lines 多保真度建模方法在生产线分析中的应用
Pub Date : 2017-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/COASE.2017.8256071
Yunyi Kang, L. Mathesen, Giulia Pedrielli, Feng Ju
Analytical and simulation models are two common types of approaches used to estimate and predict the performance of complex production systems. Typically analytical models are fast to run but can have reduced accuracy. On the other hand simulation models can achieve high accuracy, but only at the cost of large simulation time and number of replications. Traditionally, the research has been focusing on the development of models able to achieve a satisfactory trade off between accuracy and computational effort. Nevertheless, such an approach implies the choice of a single model to approximate the system behavior. There is still lack of a generic model that can deliver high accuracy and low computational cost for production systems. In this paper, we attempt to address this issue and present a multi-fidelity modeling approach, utilizing both analytical models and simulation models at different levels of fidelity, to efficiently and effectively estimate the performance of asynchronous serial lines with exponential machines. Experimental results show that the multi-fidelity model provides better estimation of the production rate of the studied example Such a model has demonstrated potential in evaluating a large number of solutions with limited computational budget.
分析模型和仿真模型是用于估计和预测复杂生产系统性能的两种常用方法。通常,分析模型运行速度很快,但准确性可能会降低。另一方面,仿真模型可以达到较高的精度,但代价是大量的仿真时间和复制次数。传统上,研究的重点是开发能够在精度和计算工作量之间取得令人满意的平衡的模型。然而,这种方法意味着选择单一模型来近似系统行为。目前仍然缺乏一种通用模型,可以为生产系统提供高精度和低计算成本。在本文中,我们试图解决这个问题,并提出了一种多保真度建模方法,利用不同保真度水平的分析模型和仿真模型,以高效和有效地估计指数机异步串行线的性能。实验结果表明,多保真度模型能较好地估计所研究实例的生产率,该模型在有限的计算预算下评估大量解时显示出潜力。
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引用次数: 4
A cloud-supported cps approach to control decision of process manufacturing: 3D ONoC 一种云支持的过程制造控制决策cps方法:3D ONoC
Pub Date : 2017-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/COASE.2017.8256147
Zhaolong Ning, Weigang Hou, Xiping Hu, Xiaoxue Gong
The Cyber-Physical System (CPS) concept is now attracting attention in systems engineering, and it is being applied to a fully automated factory control in processes such as semiconductor fabrication. In this paper, we propose a novel control decision structure for process manufacturing, designated as the 3D Optical Network-on-Chip (ONoC) multi-core system, based on the cloud-supported CPS concept. We first construct a task graph — which includes interconnected Virtual Machines (VMs)—to represent the interaction between industrial-physical processes and cyber states. Given the task graph, the control decision process becomes into the problem of the on-chip VM placement. We then design a highly reliable on-chip VM placement scheduling to find the optimal control strategy while guaranteeing the reliability of the 3D ONoC structure. The simulation results demonstrate that our scheme achieves a higher reliability of the 3D ONoC structure when we make the control decision for process manufacturing.
信息物理系统(CPS)的概念现在在系统工程中引起了人们的注意,并被应用于半导体制造等过程中的全自动工厂控制。在本文中,我们提出了一种新的过程制造控制决策结构,称为基于云支持的CPS概念的3D光片上网络(ONoC)多核系统。我们首先构建了一个任务图——其中包括相互连接的虚拟机(vm)——来表示工业物理过程和网络状态之间的交互。在给定任务图的情况下,控制决策过程就变成了片上虚拟机放置的问题。在保证三维ONoC结构可靠性的前提下,设计了一个高可靠性的片上VM放置调度,以找到最优的控制策略。仿真结果表明,该方案在工艺制造控制决策中具有较高的可靠性。
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引用次数: 5
An evacuation guider location optimization method based on road network centrality measures 基于路网中心性测度的疏散向导位置优化方法
Pub Date : 2017-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/COASE.2017.8256207
Zhiling Liu, Qing-Shan Jia, Hui Zhang
Evacuation plays an important role in the response process towards inevitable disasters and emergencies. Compared with the large number of evacuees, the number of evacuation guiders is much smaller. The evacuation guider location problem is of great practical importance, since the locations of guiders impact evacuation process and evacuation policy optimization. In general, it is difficult to identify the optimal locations of guiders due to the partial information and partial control, the complexity of evacuation process, and the large state and decision spaces. In this paper, we consider this important problem and make the following main contributions. First, we use the event-based optimization (EBO) theory to model the evacuation problem. Second, we develop an evacuation guider location optimization method based on road network centrality measures and use this method to optimize the evacuation process. Third, we evaluate the performance of our method through numerical results. We hope this work brings insight in evacuation guider location optimization problem.
在应对不可避免的灾害和紧急情况的过程中,疏散起着重要的作用。与大量的疏散人员相比,疏散向导的数量要少得多。疏散导流器的位置影响着疏散过程和疏散政策的优化,因此疏散导流器的位置问题具有重要的现实意义。一般情况下,由于疏散过程的部分信息和部分控制、疏散过程的复杂性以及疏散过程的状态和决策空间较大,导引员的最优位置难以确定。在本文中,我们考虑了这一重要问题,并做出了以下主要贡献。首先,我们使用基于事件的优化(EBO)理论对疏散问题进行建模。其次,提出了一种基于路网中心性测度的疏散向导位置优化方法,并利用该方法对疏散过程进行优化。第三,我们通过数值结果来评估我们的方法的性能。希望本研究能为疏散导流器的位置优化问题带来启示。
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引用次数: 0
A novel model-based path planning method for robot-assisted flexible needle insertion 基于模型的机器人辅助柔性插针路径规划方法
Pub Date : 2017-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/COASE.2017.8256301
Cheng Huang, Y. Lei
In needle insertion procedures, path planning is crucial to the success of the operation. In this paper, a preoperative path planning algorithm is proposed that considers the needle-tissue interactions for flexible needle insertion operations. Vector Form Intrinsic Finite Element (VFIFE) and Finite Element Method (FEM) are used to calculate the deformation of the needle and tissue, respectively. The non-linearity of the needle and the change of boundary conditions during the insertion process can be integrated easily. The Potential Field-guided Rapidly-Exploring Random Trees (PF-RRT) is applied to generate the initial path set, in which the candidate path will be selected. The needle control sequence that is to generate the optimal path is obtained from the selected candidate path by combining Iteration Learning Control (ILC) method with the needle-tissue interaction model. The simulation results show that the proposed method is effective to generate candidate needle insertion paths that consider needle-tissue interactions.
在针插入过程中,路径规划是手术成功的关键。针对柔性插针手术,提出了一种考虑针与组织相互作用的术前路径规划算法。采用矢量本征有限元法(VFIFE)和有限元法(FEM)分别计算了针和组织的变形。针的非线性和插入过程中边界条件的变化可以很容易地结合起来。利用势场引导快速探索随机树(PF-RRT)生成初始路径集,在初始路径集中选择候选路径。将迭代学习控制(ILC)方法与针-组织相互作用模型相结合,从选择的候选路径中得到生成最优路径的针控制序列。仿真结果表明,该方法能够有效地生成考虑针与组织相互作用的候选插针路径。
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引用次数: 4
Load identification based on Factorial Hidden Markov Model and online performance analysis 基于阶乘隐马尔可夫模型的负荷识别及在线性能分析
Pub Date : 2017-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/COASE.2017.8256272
Siyun Chen, F. Gao, Ting Liu
Load identification is important for the tasks such as load forecasting, demand response and energy management in smart buildings. The accuracy of the traditional methods depends on the dimension of load signatures, the sampling frequency and the stability of load profile. In this paper, a Factorial Hidden Markov Model (FHMM)-based method is proposed to analyze the aggregate load profile and identify the individual device. We extend the Viterbi algorithm to solve the FHMM directly, and this process is more efficient than the solution of the equivalent HMM by using the conventional Viterbi algorithm. The proposed method is insensitive to the stability and accuracy of power data, so it is suitable for the devices in buildings, even for the continuously variable loads. Two experiments with real power data are evaluated to illustrate the proposed method. Meanwhile, we focus on the online performance of the Viterbi algorithm. It is found that the states decoded by Viterbi are unreliable when the observed data are inside a confusing zone. Through analyzing the mechanism of the Viterbi algorithm, the judgment conditions the boundary of the confusing zone are given. We hope this work brings insight to the research on load identification and HMM.
在智能建筑中,负荷识别对于负荷预测、需求响应和能源管理等任务具有重要意义。传统方法的精度取决于负载特征的尺寸、采样频率和负载轮廓的稳定性。本文提出了一种基于阶乘隐马尔可夫模型(Factorial Hidden Markov Model, FHMM)的方法来分析总负荷分布并识别单个设备。我们将Viterbi算法扩展到直接求解FHMM,该过程比使用传统的Viterbi算法求解等效HMM更有效。该方法对电力数据的稳定性和准确性不敏感,适用于建筑物中的设备,甚至是连续变负荷。通过两个实际功率数据的实验验证了该方法。同时,重点研究了Viterbi算法的在线性能。研究发现,当观测数据处于混乱区域时,维特比解码的状态是不可靠的。通过分析Viterbi算法的工作原理,给出了模糊区边界的判断条件。我们希望这项工作能对载荷识别和HMM的研究有所启发。
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引用次数: 3
Tool path interpolation and redundancy optimization of manipulator 机械手刀路插补与冗余优化
Pub Date : 2017-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/COASE.2017.8256197
He Lyu, Xiangbao Song, Dan Dai, Jiangang Li, Zexiang Li
In this paper, tool path interpolation and redundancy optimization algorithms are designed for the industrial manipulator to perform tasks exhibiting 1-DoF redundancy such as the welding, cutting etc. B-spline is applied for the tool path interpolation and then by minimizing the energy consumption while avoiding singularity and respecting joint limits at the same time, the optimal trajectory can be obtained. The problem is formulated and solved by nonlinear optimization method. POE(Product of exponential) model is used for robotic kinematic and dynamic analysis to simplify the problem. Experiments were conducted to illustrate the feasibility of our method.
针对焊接、切割等具有1自由度冗余的工业机械臂,设计了刀具轨迹插值和冗余优化算法。采用b样条进行刀具轨迹插补,在保证能量消耗的同时避免奇异性,并尊重关节极限,从而得到最优轨迹。用非线性优化方法对该问题进行了表述和求解。采用指数积模型对机器人进行运动学和动力学分析,简化了问题的求解。实验证明了该方法的可行性。
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引用次数: 3
Distributed resource allocation optimization with discrete-time communication and application to economic dispatch in power systems 基于离散时间通信的分布式资源优化配置及其在电力系统经济调度中的应用
Pub Date : 2017-08-01 DOI: 10.1109/COASE.2017.8256268
Weiyong Yu, Zhenhua Deng, Hongbing Zhou, Yiguang Hong
In this paper, the problem of distributed resource allocation optimization is investigated for continuous-time multi-agent systems with discrete-time communication. A gradient-based continuous-time algorithm is proposed to solve this network resource allocation problem. A sufficient condition on the communication period is given to show that the proposed algorithm can achieve the exact optimization with exponential convergence rate. Finally, an example of economic dispatch in power grids is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the presented algorithm.
研究了具有离散通信的连续时间多智能体系统的分布式资源分配优化问题。针对这一网络资源分配问题,提出了一种基于梯度的连续时间算法。给出了通信周期的充分条件,表明该算法能够以指数收敛速度实现精确的优化。最后,以电网经济调度为例说明了该算法的有效性。
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引用次数: 4
期刊
2017 13th IEEE Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE)
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