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The Concrete Metaphysics of the “Divine Comedy”: P. Florensky’s “Imaginaries in Geometry” and the Danteana of the Silver Age “神曲”的具体形而上学:P.弗洛伦斯基的“几何学中的想象”与白银时代的丹太那
Pub Date : 2022-03-30 DOI: 10.17588/2076-9210.2022.1.067-085
Oxana M. Sedykh
In 1921, on the 600th anniversary of Dante Alighieri, the Silver Age philosopher and priest Pavel Florensky finished writing his book “Imaginaries in Geometry”, in which he demonstrated how the medieval picture of cosmos unfolded in “Divine Comedy” was confirmed in the light of modern science. The book was published in 1922 and has since been commented from various points of view. This article raises a question that has hardly been touched upon in the Florenskian scholarship: i.e. in what aspects does Florensky’s view of Dante fit into the “Danteana” (“Dante’s text”) of the Silver Age? In this respect, other approaches to Dante’s work in the context in which Florensky’s position was developed are considered, with a special focus on the views of Russian religious thinkers. One of the main hypotheses of this article is that such a way of posing this question is useful to explain the phenomenon of “Russian Dante”, whose originality is mentioned in a number of relevant studies. This article also reveals the way in which the perception of Dante by Russian thought is connected with the assessment of the historical and cultural position that his work occupies. In this regard, particular attention is paid to the re-evaluation of the consolidated vision of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance undertaken by Russian thought. In conclusion, the reason for the increased interest in the phenomenon of Dante within the Silver Age religious and philosophical thought is the recognition of proximity to their own ideological attitudes of the symbolic worldview as is presented in the “Divine Comedy”. In Pavel Florensky’s thought this type of worldview receives not only a philosophical, but also a scientific justification, and is defined by the concept of “concrete metaphysics”.
1921年,在但丁诞辰600周年之际,白银时代的哲学家和牧师帕维尔·弗洛伦斯基(Pavel Florensky)完成了他的著作《几何中的想象》(Imaginaries In Geometry)。在这本书中,他展示了《神曲》中展现的中世纪宇宙图景是如何在现代科学的光芒下得到证实的。这本书出版于1922年,从那时起人们就从不同的角度对它进行了评论。这篇文章提出了一个在弗洛伦斯基的学术研究中几乎没有触及的问题:即,弗洛伦斯基对但丁的看法在哪些方面符合白银时代的“但丁文本”?在这方面,在弗洛伦斯基的立场发展的背景下,考虑了但丁作品的其他方法,特别关注俄罗斯宗教思想家的观点。本文的一个主要假设是,这种提出问题的方式有助于解释“俄罗斯但丁”现象,其独创性在许多相关研究中都被提及。本文还揭示了俄罗斯思想对但丁的看法是如何与他的作品所占据的历史和文化地位的评估联系在一起的。在这方面,特别注意的是重新评价俄罗斯思想所承担的中世纪和文艺复兴的统一愿景。总之,白银时代宗教和哲学思想中对但丁现象越来越感兴趣的原因是认识到他们自己的意识形态态度,即“神曲”中所呈现的象征世界观。在帕维尔·弗洛伦斯基的思想中,这种世界观不仅得到了哲学的论证,而且得到了科学的论证,并被定义为“具体形而上学”的概念。
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引用次数: 0
[Finally, Baudelaire! Presentation at the Dissertation Defense] (最后,波德莱尔!在论文答辩上的发言]
Pub Date : 2022-03-30 DOI: 10.17588/2076-9210.2022.1.182-185
M. V. Maksimov
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引用次数: 0
The Problem of the Unification of Italy in Dante Alighieri’s Works 但丁作品中的意大利统一问题
Pub Date : 2022-03-30 DOI: 10.17588/2076-9210.2022.1.103-115
A.A. Kravchenko-Novoselova
The year 2021 is a remarkable date for the Italian history: 160 years ago the unified Italian state was created. As a matter of fact, before then, the necessity to unify the country had been discussed for more than five centuries. One of the first who expressed these ideas was the great poet and politician Dante Alighieri, whose anniversary is also celebrated this year. In Russian Dante studies, the poet’s ideas on the Italian unification have been usually considered within the context of his own political views. It is the case of A.K. Dzhivelegov’s and I.N. Golenishchev-Kutuzov’s studies, which considered the biography and political activity of the famous Italian poet, whereas E.P. Naumov paid special attention to Dante’s view on the contemporary political situation in Europe. Our article is entirely dedicated to the development of the issue concerning the Italian unification in Dante Alighieri’s work. Basing on a systematic analysis of the entire body of Dante’s work, this article highlights the fact that the idea of unification is not only found in Dante’s political writings but is, in fact, a keynote of all his literary work. Although Dante considered the unification of Italy in the context of the utopian universal monarchy, he also saw the roots of this unification much deeper than that, i.e. in the organic unity of the Italian people. Our work emphasizes a given evolution of Dante’s philosophical and political views, in connection with the unfolding events of his time. In conclusion, this article provides a comprehensive description of Dante’s views on the unification of Italy, highlighting the necessity of this unification, the unwillingness of the country to it, as well as the reasons of this unwillingness coming from the contemporary municipalism.
2021年是意大利历史上一个非凡的日子:160年前,统一的意大利国家建立了。事实上,在此之前,统一国家的必要性已经讨论了五个多世纪。最早表达这些想法的人之一是伟大的诗人和政治家但丁·阿利吉耶里(Dante Alighieri),今年也是他的周年纪念。在俄国对但丁的研究中,诗人对意大利统一的看法通常是在他自己的政治观点的背景下考虑的。d.k. Dzhivelegov和I.N. Golenishchev-Kutuzov的研究主要关注这位意大利著名诗人的生平和政治活动,而E.P. Naumov则特别关注但丁对当代欧洲政治形势的看法。我们的文章完全致力于但丁阿利吉耶里作品中意大利统一问题的发展。本文在对但丁全部作品进行系统分析的基础上,强调了统一思想不仅存在于但丁的政治著作中,而且实际上是他所有文学作品的一个基调。虽然但丁认为意大利的统一是在乌托邦式的普遍君主制的背景下进行的,但他也看到了这种统一的根源远不止于此,即意大利人民的有机统一。我们的工作强调但丁的哲学和政治观点的演变,与他的时代展开的事件有关。最后,本文全面描述了但丁对意大利统一的看法,强调了统一的必要性,国家对此的不情愿,以及这种不情愿来自当代市政主义的原因。
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引用次数: 0
The Work of Charles Baudelaire in the Scientific Heritage of I.S. Prikhodko 《普里霍季科的科学遗产》中查尔斯·波德莱尔的工作
Pub Date : 2022-03-30 DOI: 10.17588/2076-9210.2022.1.176-181
M. V. Maksimov
The following essay examines the understanding and interpretation of Charles Baudelaire’s works in those of Irina Stepanovna Prikhodko. An analysis is given of the main stages in the investigations of the poet’s work. Accordingly, we look at how V.Ya. Bryusov and A.A. Blok received Baudelaire’s legacy; the understanding of the philosophical and aesthetic principles involved as well as the sources of Baudelaire’s poetic inspiration. The special attention of I.S. Prikhodko to Dante’s work and his Divine Comedy as the primary source of Baudelaire’s world view is also emphasized. An analysis is also given of the assessments of the poet’s work by writers and critics in the past in addition to contemporary foreign and Russian investigators. This essay also notes I.S. Prikhodko’s view of the least studied aspects of Baudelaire’s literary corpus and, in particular, the irrational principle in his work
本文考察了伊琳娜·斯捷潘诺夫娜·普里霍季科对波德莱尔作品的理解和诠释。分析了诗人作品研究的主要阶段。因此,我们来看看v.a。布吕索夫和A.A.布洛克继承了波德莱尔的遗产;对所涉及的哲学和美学原则的理解以及波德莱尔诗歌灵感的来源。普里霍季科特别关注但丁的作品和他的《神曲》作为波德莱尔世界观的主要来源。本文还分析了过去作家和评论家以及当代外国和俄罗斯调查人员对这位诗人作品的评价。本文还注意到普里霍季科对波德莱尔文学语料库中研究最少的方面的看法,特别是他作品中的非理性原则
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引用次数: 0
S.L. Frank. In memory of A.I. Vvedensky S.L.弗兰克。为了纪念A.I.维登斯基
Pub Date : 2022-03-30 DOI: 10.17588/2076-9210.2022.1.169-175
A. Ermichev
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引用次数: 0
Timofey Ivanovich Rainoff. The Outlines of the History of Russian philosophy of the 50-60s years 蒂莫菲·伊万诺维奇·莱诺夫。《50-60年代俄国哲学史纲要
Pub Date : 2022-03-30 DOI: 10.17588/2076-9210.2022.1.138-154
S. Ilizarov, V. Kupriyanov
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引用次数: 0
V.S. Solovyov and Russian Catholics: Similarities and Differences in the Understanding of Church Unity and Infallibility 索洛维约夫与俄国天主教徒:对教会合一与无谬性理解的异同
Pub Date : 2022-03-30 DOI: 10.17588/2076-9210.2022.1.026-039
A. Makarova
This article considers Russian Catholicism as a system of views characterized by the need for an independent Church authority, the special role of the Catholic Church in the history of Europe, and the importance of the unity of Churches around the Pope. Given all this, the article analyzes the criteria by which V.S. Solovyov could be included within the representatives of Russian Catholicism, albeit his confessional affiliation to the Catholic Church still remains controversial. The main part of this text is devoted to V.S. Solovyov’s relationship with the key issues of Russian Catholicism, i.e. the understanding of church unity, authority, and infallibility; the hierarchy’s and laity’s participation in the preservation of doctrinal truths; and finally the truth criteria for the decisions taken by the Ecumenical Councils. While these questions have been already raised in the writings of the main ideologist of philocatholicism, P.Y. Chaadayev, this article also demonstrates the way in which they occupy a crucial place in the heritage of the Russian Catholicism’s representatives from the last half of the 19th century: i.e. I.S. Gagarin and E.G. Volkonskaya. As a conclusion of this analysis, V.S. Solovyov’s views – which he expressed in his 1880s works – on the Church authority and on the special powers of Roman pontifices seem to partially converge with those of the conservative Russian Catholics. However, it is still possible to recognize a number of discrepancies between the two positions. These discrepancies would subsequently lead Solovyov to distance himself from Catholic apologetics to pursue a different approach in the understanding of Church infallibility. In this regard, an examination of Solovyov’s triads will be the key to identify the transformation, within his ecclesiological ideas, of the functions of secular and church authorities as well as of the need for an additional link between Christ and the believers.
本文认为俄罗斯天主教是一个观点体系,其特点是需要一个独立的教会权威,天主教会在欧洲历史上的特殊作用,以及教会在教皇周围团结的重要性。鉴于这一切,本文分析了V.S. Solovyov可以被列入俄罗斯天主教代表的标准,尽管他对天主教会的信仰仍然存在争议。本文的主要部分致力于V.S.索洛维约夫与俄罗斯天主教的关键问题的关系,即对教会统一,权威和无谬性的理解;等级制度和俗人在维护教义真理方面的参与;最后是大公会议作出决定的真理标准。虽然这些问题已经在天主教主要思想家P.Y.查达耶夫的著作中提出,但本文也展示了这些问题在19世纪下半叶俄罗斯天主教代表人物(即I.S.加加林和E.G. Volkonskaya)的遗产中占据重要地位的方式。作为这一分析的结论,V.S.索洛维约夫的观点——他在19世纪80年代的作品中表达了——关于教会权威和罗马教皇的特殊权力,似乎部分地与保守的俄罗斯天主教徒一致。然而,仍然有可能认识到两种立场之间的一些差异。这些差异随后导致索洛维约夫与天主教的护教保持距离,在理解教会的无谬性方面追求不同的方法。在这方面,检查索洛维约夫的三位一体将是关键,以确定在他的教会思想中,世俗和教会当局的职能的转变,以及基督和信徒之间需要额外的联系。
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引用次数: 0
The First Edition of “The Justification of Good” (1897): the Responses by Contemporaries. Part One 《善的正当性》第一版(1897):同时代人的反应。第一部分
Pub Date : 2022-03-30 DOI: 10.17588/2076-9210.2022.1.006-025
B. Mezhuev
This article presents the first historiographical attempt to examine and analyze systematically all the newspaper and journal responses to the first edition of the basic treatise on the moral philosophy by Vl. Soloviev – The Justification of Good (1897). The first part of the article examines the positive reviews of the book that were submitted or published by the closest friends of the philosopher, supposedly, at his personal request. The analysis of the responses allows us to conclude that The Justification of Good was generally received by the Russian readership unfavorably. The reason for this was a problem of assigning the philosopher to one or another camp of Russian thought. Vl. Soloviev’s moral metaphysics and especially his socio-political views did not satisfy either liberals or conservatives, much less representatives of the radical left movements in social thought. The article notes that among the closest friends of Vl. Soloviev who gave a positive review of this treatise only E.L. Radlov was ready to accept the philosophical conception contained in The Justification of Good and support Soloviev in his polemic with the ethical views of Leo Tolstoy. Additionally, an examination of the positive reviews of The Justification of the Good is also important, because their authors as Soloviev’s friends could interpret some of the most difficult theses of the book based on the explanation given by the philosopher himself. It is possible to suppose that in preparing to publish his new philosophical work Vl. Soloviev expected that the first sympathetic reviews would contribute to a correct perception of his moral philosophy in Russian society.
本文首次尝试从史学的角度,系统地考察和分析所有报纸和期刊对《道德哲学基本论述》第一版的反应。索洛维耶夫:《善的正当性》(1897)。文章的第一部分考察了这本书的正面评论,这些评论是由哲学家最亲密的朋友提交或出版的,据说是应他的个人要求。通过对这些回应的分析,我们可以得出这样的结论:俄罗斯读者普遍不喜欢《善的辩护》。原因在于把哲学家归属于俄国思想的一个或另一个阵营。六世。索洛维耶夫的道德形而上学,尤其是他的社会政治观点,既不能使自由主义者满意,也不能使保守主义者满意,更不能使社会思想中激进左翼运动的代表满意。文章指出,在他最亲密的朋友中。索洛维耶夫对这篇论文给出了积极的评价,只有拉德洛夫愿意接受《善的辩护》中包含的哲学概念,并支持索洛维耶夫与列夫·托尔斯泰的伦理学观点的争论。此外,对《善的辩护》正面评论的审查也很重要,因为作为索洛维耶夫的朋友,这些评论的作者可以根据索洛维耶夫自己的解释来解释书中一些最困难的论点。我们可以设想,在准备出版他的新哲学著作时。索洛维耶夫期望第一次同情的评论将有助于俄罗斯社会对他的道德哲学的正确认识。
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引用次数: 0
Ideas of Conventionalism in Russian Science and Philosophy 俄国科学与哲学中的约定主义思想
Pub Date : 2022-03-30 DOI: 10.17588/2076-9210.2022.1.155-168
E. F. Karavaev, S.Y. Kolomiytsev
The paper examines the conventionalism that arose within the framework of the second positivism in European philosophy at the turn of the XIX–XX centuries, in connection with Russian science and philosophy. Despite its being popular and developed mainly in Western philosophy, we demonstrate that its ideas were also reflected in Russian culture. Moreover, we argue that it was the achievements of Russian mathematicians that influenced the emergence of this direction in European philosophy. To determine the place of conventionalism in Russian culture, the works of such scientists, philosophers and historians of science as A. Poincaré, N.V. Efimov, G.V. Florovsky, P.S. Yushkevich and others were used. The article also provides an overview of their main works and ideas. The analysis also deals with the influence of ideological and political factors on the development of philosophy in the XX century in Russia and the USSR. It is shown that the achievements of Russian mathematicians had a significant influence on the emergence of conventionalism, and the ideas of conventionalism, in turn, were reflected in the concepts of Russian thinkers concerning the philosophy of science and the philosophy of history. Thus, N.I. Lobachevsky can be called a harbinger of mathematical conventionalism, some ideas of P.S. Yushkevich and A.A. Bogdanov can be referred to natural-scientific conventionalism, and some ideas of G.V. Florovsky can be called historical conventionalism. We conclude that Russian science, firstly, was one of the reasons for the emergence of conventionalism in Europe, and secondly, Russian philosophy adopted and applied some of its ideas, in particular, concerning the impossibility of complete knowledge of the world or the relativity of ways of expressing truth, which remain relevant today.
本文考察了19 - 20世纪之交在欧洲哲学第二次实证主义框架内兴起的传统主义,并将其与俄罗斯科学和哲学联系起来。尽管它主要在西方哲学中流行和发展,但我们证明它的思想也反映在俄罗斯文化中。此外,我们认为是俄罗斯数学家的成就影响了欧洲哲学中这一方向的出现。为了确定传统主义在俄罗斯文化中的地位,科学家、哲学家和科学史学家的作品被使用,如A. poincar、N.V. Efimov、G.V. Florovsky、P.S. Yushkevich等。文章还概述了他们的主要作品和思想。分析了二十世纪思想政治因素对俄罗斯和苏联哲学发展的影响。俄国数学家的成就对约约主义的产生产生了重大影响,而约约主义的思想又反映在俄国思想家关于科学哲学和历史哲学的概念中。因此,罗巴切夫斯基可以被称为数学约定主义的先驱,尤什凯维奇和波格丹诺夫的一些思想可以被称为自然科学的约定主义,弗洛罗夫斯基的一些思想可以被称为历史的约定主义。我们的结论是,首先,俄罗斯科学是欧洲传统主义出现的原因之一,其次,俄罗斯哲学采纳并应用了传统主义的一些思想,特别是关于完全认识世界的不可能性或表达真理的方式的相对性的思想,这些思想至今仍具有相关性。
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引用次数: 0
On Belonging to the True Being. Student Scientific Conference “Ideas, Events, Personalities: through the Pages of the Journal Solovyov Studies” 论归属于真本体。学生科学会议“思想,事件,个性:通过索洛维约夫研究杂志的页面”
Pub Date : 2022-03-30 DOI: 10.17588/2076-9210.2022.1.188-194
M. V. Maksimov
We provide here information on youth projects of the Inter-regional Scholarly and Educational Center for the investigation of V.S. Solovyov’s legacy (the Solovyov Seminar). We note the importance of using various extracurricular means to introduce students to the theoretical and practical aspects of V.S. Solovyov’s legacy and those of other representatives of Russian philosophy and culture. This essay provides a survey of the student-run scholarly conference “Ideas, Events, People: Through the Pages of the Journal Solovyov Studies,” marking the journal’s 20th anniversary. We give an analysis of the topics presented at the conference and identify the philosophical problems that aroused the greatest interest among the participants.
我们在此提供跨区域学术与教育中心青年计划的资讯,以调查V.S.索洛维约夫的遗产(索洛维约夫研讨会)。我们注意到利用各种课外手段向学生介绍V.S.索洛维约夫遗产和其他俄罗斯哲学和文化代表的理论和实践方面的重要性。这篇文章提供了一个学生管理的学术会议“思想,事件,人:通过索洛维约夫研究杂志的页面”的调查,标志着该杂志成立20周年。我们对会议上提出的主题进行了分析,并确定了引起与会者最大兴趣的哲学问题。
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引用次数: 0
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Solov’evskie issledovaniya
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