Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.1080/03085694.2022.2130545
Martin Vailly
become enmeshed in ‘cartographic’ strategies that contribute to the making of what Thongchai Winichakul has famously termed ‘geo-bodies’. Laura Lo Presti’s analysis of the presence of the multi-sensorial cartographical representations of the Italian fascist empire in the everyday life of the 1930s and 1940s is unsurpassed. It includes the analyses of postcards, murals and mappings emerging from radio programmes, documentaries and films that all showcase how the Fascist regime trusted the power of repetitive mappings when ingraining Italian people with the image of the empire. In sum, the authors have created a sophisticated combination of stimulating discussions on the post-representational and processual approaches to the study of maps and in-depth empirical examples that effectively combine international-relations scholarship, map history and imperial history to interrogate the making of spaces. The chapters show how the processuality of maps reflects that of the empire: as Lobo-Guerrero suggests, empires have always been in the making. It is refreshing that the authors also highlight the moments when maps fail or are redundant. As Lo Presti summarizes in her chapter, these are the moments when ‘maps are useless, do not do their job, are impotent, or work differently than expected’. Consequently, it is important to scrutinize the unintentional ways that mappings have affected the politics of space as discussed by Goettlich as well as to acknowledge, as Strandsbjerg reminds us, that maps are not a necessary condition for the social and political organization of space. The inclusion of only six chapters is a clear benefit: there is ample space in each for the writers to present their analysis and develop their arguments. Regrettably for the reader the fine details of the maps studied are lost in the black-and-white reproductions and the small page size. Nevertheless, for someone interested in novel theoretical approaches to map history, this is a page turner. The volume will be of interest to map scholars as well as historians of empire and experts in international relations. Since the chapters are clearly written and effortlessly combine theoretical considerations with empirical analysis, they will make fine readings for graduate-level courses.
陷入“制图”策略中，这些策略有助于制作通猜·维尼查库（Thongchai Winichakul）著名的“地质体”。Laura Lo Presti对意大利法西斯帝国在20世纪30年代和40年代日常生活中的多感官地图表示的分析是无与伦比的。它包括对广播节目、纪录片和电影中出现的明信片、壁画和地图的分析，这些都展示了法西斯政权在向意大利人民灌输帝国形象时是如何信任重复地图的力量的。总之，作者们创造了一个复杂的组合，既有关于地图研究的后表征和过程方法的刺激性讨论，也有深入的实证例子，这些例子有效地结合了国际关系学术、地图史和帝国史，以质疑空间的形成。这些章节展示了地图的进程如何反映帝国的进程：正如洛博·格雷罗所说，帝国一直在形成中。令人耳目一新的是，作者还强调了地图失败或冗余的时刻。正如Lo Presti在她的章节中总结的那样，这些时候“地图毫无用处，没有做好自己的工作，无能为力，或者工作方式与预期不同”。因此，重要的是要仔细研究Goettlich所讨论的映射对空间政治的无意影响，并承认，正如Strandsbjerg提醒我们的那样，映射不是空间社会和政治组织的必要条件。只包含六章是一个明显的好处：每章都有足够的空间供作者陈述他们的分析和发展他们的论点。令人遗憾的是，研究地图的细节在黑白复制品和小页面中丢失了。然而，对于那些对绘制历史地图的新颖理论方法感兴趣的人来说，这是一本引人入胜的书。这本书将引起地图学者、帝国历史学家和国际关系专家的兴趣。由于这些章节写得很清楚，并且毫不费力地将理论考虑与实证分析相结合，因此它们将成为研究生课程的优秀读物。
{"title":"Hors du monde. La carte et l’imaginaire/Fantastische Welten. Kartographie des Unbekannten","authors":"Martin Vailly","doi":"10.1080/03085694.2022.2130545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03085694.2022.2130545","url":null,"abstract":"become enmeshed in ‘cartographic’ strategies that contribute to the making of what Thongchai Winichakul has famously termed ‘geo-bodies’. Laura Lo Presti’s analysis of the presence of the multi-sensorial cartographical representations of the Italian fascist empire in the everyday life of the 1930s and 1940s is unsurpassed. It includes the analyses of postcards, murals and mappings emerging from radio programmes, documentaries and films that all showcase how the Fascist regime trusted the power of repetitive mappings when ingraining Italian people with the image of the empire. In sum, the authors have created a sophisticated combination of stimulating discussions on the post-representational and processual approaches to the study of maps and in-depth empirical examples that effectively combine international-relations scholarship, map history and imperial history to interrogate the making of spaces. The chapters show how the processuality of maps reflects that of the empire: as Lobo-Guerrero suggests, empires have always been in the making. It is refreshing that the authors also highlight the moments when maps fail or are redundant. As Lo Presti summarizes in her chapter, these are the moments when ‘maps are useless, do not do their job, are impotent, or work differently than expected’. Consequently, it is important to scrutinize the unintentional ways that mappings have affected the politics of space as discussed by Goettlich as well as to acknowledge, as Strandsbjerg reminds us, that maps are not a necessary condition for the social and political organization of space. The inclusion of only six chapters is a clear benefit: there is ample space in each for the writers to present their analysis and develop their arguments. Regrettably for the reader the fine details of the maps studied are lost in the black-and-white reproductions and the small page size. Nevertheless, for someone interested in novel theoretical approaches to map history, this is a page turner. The volume will be of interest to map scholars as well as historians of empire and experts in international relations. Since the chapters are clearly written and effortlessly combine theoretical considerations with empirical analysis, they will make fine readings for graduate-level courses.","PeriodicalId":44589,"journal":{"name":"Imago Mundi-The International Journal for the History of Cartography","volume":"74 1","pages":"313 - 314"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43135244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.13109/kind.2022.25.2.116
Anja Teubert
{"title":"Editorial","authors":"Anja Teubert","doi":"10.13109/kind.2022.25.2.116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13109/kind.2022.25.2.116","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44589,"journal":{"name":"Imago Mundi-The International Journal for the History of Cartography","volume":"74 1","pages":"171 - 172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46263102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/03085694.2022.2044209
Gerda Brunnlechner
More than twenty years ago, Brian Harley published his seminal argument that maps were means of understanding the human world spatially. Since then, communicative, medial and epistemic aspects of maps have received ample attention. Yet questions about the relationships that emerge through this process of communication still invite questions such as: At the time the map was drawn, was transmission conceivable not only among people but also between human reason and nature, and between humans and God? What kind of reference axes were used for transmission? Were there concepts of, for example, presence and absence, identity and difference, availability and unavailability, immanence and transcendence? My research tries to fill some of these gaps with respect to the GenoeseWorldMap of 1457 by asking what kind of content was transmitted in map form and what was the nature of its makers and recipients. I have adapted the sociological model of Martina Löw. Consequently, I regard a map as the result of the actions of various groups of makers, with some, like cartographers and other specialists, exerting direct influence, and others, like potential buyers, having only indirect influence. Their actions are in turn determined by the interplay of the structural limits and opportunities of the mapmaking context, the medium of the map and the conflicting objectives involved, which include the degree of accuracy needed in the placing of the different elements of the map’s content, the integration of new information, and the transmission of specific messages aiming to promote certain actions. The background to my deliberations is the manifold ambiguities of the mapmakers’ world in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. They considered their world as a divine creation, God’s veiled ‘second book’, which, if rightly read, could reveal to the reader the mind of God. As empirically derived knowledge increased and more classical knowledge was rediscovered, the prevailing image of the world, transmitted through the Bible and antique texts, was challenged. The medieval mappaemundi were understood in the four senses in which Scripture itself was interpreted: that is, not only in the literal sense (to glean information about the topographical layout of the world) but also in the moral, allegorical and eschatological senses (for guidance in personal matters such as what I should do, what I should believe and what I can hope for). Then, in about 1409, the translation of Ptolemy’s Geography into Latin provided methods to project a three-dimensional globe onto a two-dimensional surface that, together with the body of coordinates for specific places and features contained in the Geography, had the potential to change the mode of map making decisively. My research aims to show that readings in multi-layered senses may also be applied to maps influenced by nautical charts and Ptolemy’s Geography such as the Genoese World Map on which I am concentrating here. The map called the Ge
{"title":"The Genoese World Map of 1457: Image and Voice of an Ambiguous World","authors":"Gerda Brunnlechner","doi":"10.1080/03085694.2022.2044209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03085694.2022.2044209","url":null,"abstract":"More than twenty years ago, Brian Harley published his seminal argument that maps were means of understanding the human world spatially. Since then, communicative, medial and epistemic aspects of maps have received ample attention. Yet questions about the relationships that emerge through this process of communication still invite questions such as: At the time the map was drawn, was transmission conceivable not only among people but also between human reason and nature, and between humans and God? What kind of reference axes were used for transmission? Were there concepts of, for example, presence and absence, identity and difference, availability and unavailability, immanence and transcendence? My research tries to fill some of these gaps with respect to the GenoeseWorldMap of 1457 by asking what kind of content was transmitted in map form and what was the nature of its makers and recipients. I have adapted the sociological model of Martina Löw. Consequently, I regard a map as the result of the actions of various groups of makers, with some, like cartographers and other specialists, exerting direct influence, and others, like potential buyers, having only indirect influence. Their actions are in turn determined by the interplay of the structural limits and opportunities of the mapmaking context, the medium of the map and the conflicting objectives involved, which include the degree of accuracy needed in the placing of the different elements of the map’s content, the integration of new information, and the transmission of specific messages aiming to promote certain actions. The background to my deliberations is the manifold ambiguities of the mapmakers’ world in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. They considered their world as a divine creation, God’s veiled ‘second book’, which, if rightly read, could reveal to the reader the mind of God. As empirically derived knowledge increased and more classical knowledge was rediscovered, the prevailing image of the world, transmitted through the Bible and antique texts, was challenged. The medieval mappaemundi were understood in the four senses in which Scripture itself was interpreted: that is, not only in the literal sense (to glean information about the topographical layout of the world) but also in the moral, allegorical and eschatological senses (for guidance in personal matters such as what I should do, what I should believe and what I can hope for). Then, in about 1409, the translation of Ptolemy’s Geography into Latin provided methods to project a three-dimensional globe onto a two-dimensional surface that, together with the body of coordinates for specific places and features contained in the Geography, had the potential to change the mode of map making decisively. My research aims to show that readings in multi-layered senses may also be applied to maps influenced by nautical charts and Ptolemy’s Geography such as the Genoese World Map on which I am concentrating here. The map called the Ge","PeriodicalId":44589,"journal":{"name":"Imago Mundi-The International Journal for the History of Cartography","volume":"74 1","pages":"142 - 144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47638137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/03085694.2022.2042128
R. Grim
ABSTRACT Tension between pro- and anti-slavery factions during the delineation and mapping of Kansas Territory in the 1850s, as Euro-American settlement moved west of the Mississippi River, permeated local politics and commerce. Despite the standardized surveying system employed by the U. S. General Land Office, this tension was reflected in township or sectional state maps that were produced during this time period. Using government surveys and reports documenting the progress of township surveys, commercial map publishers and land agents produced maps with the purpose of promoting quick land sales and profits. Yet the profit motive is not the only one apparent in these maps, and the history of their production is rife with intriguing stories involving conflicts of interest for government employees and the pro- and anti-slavery politics that dominated this critical period in U. S. history.
{"title":"‘Compiled from Official Records’: Mapping Kansas Territory before the Civil War","authors":"R. Grim","doi":"10.1080/03085694.2022.2042128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03085694.2022.2042128","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Tension between pro- and anti-slavery factions during the delineation and mapping of Kansas Territory in the 1850s, as Euro-American settlement moved west of the Mississippi River, permeated local politics and commerce. Despite the standardized surveying system employed by the U. S. General Land Office, this tension was reflected in township or sectional state maps that were produced during this time period. Using government surveys and reports documenting the progress of township surveys, commercial map publishers and land agents produced maps with the purpose of promoting quick land sales and profits. Yet the profit motive is not the only one apparent in these maps, and the history of their production is rife with intriguing stories involving conflicts of interest for government employees and the pro- and anti-slavery politics that dominated this critical period in U. S. history.","PeriodicalId":44589,"journal":{"name":"Imago Mundi-The International Journal for the History of Cartography","volume":"74 1","pages":"82 - 101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47659010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/03085694.2022.2044637
Bellingeri, G., and M. Milanesi The Reappearance of the Lost Map of Muscovy by Paolo Giovio (1525) 5 pp. Foliard, D., and N. Nasiri-Moghaddam Contested Cartographies: Empire and Sovereignty on a Map of Sistan̄, Iran (1883) 18 pp. Kramer, S., and H.K. Kramer Shimaya Ichizaemon and Japanese Cartography of the Bonin (Ogasawara) Islands 9 pp. Nadal i Piqué, N., and A. Nobajas Cartography and Urban Planning: The City Plan of Barcelona by Miquel Garriga i Roca (1856–1862) 13 pp.
{"title":"Articles in Recent Issues","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/03085694.2022.2044637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03085694.2022.2044637","url":null,"abstract":"Bellingeri, G., and M. Milanesi The Reappearance of the Lost Map of Muscovy by Paolo Giovio (1525) 5 pp. Foliard, D., and N. Nasiri-Moghaddam Contested Cartographies: Empire and Sovereignty on a Map of Sistan̄, Iran (1883) 18 pp. Kramer, S., and H.K. Kramer Shimaya Ichizaemon and Japanese Cartography of the Bonin (Ogasawara) Islands 9 pp. Nadal i Piqué, N., and A. Nobajas Cartography and Urban Planning: The City Plan of Barcelona by Miquel Garriga i Roca (1856–1862) 13 pp.","PeriodicalId":44589,"journal":{"name":"Imago Mundi-The International Journal for the History of Cartography","volume":"74 1","pages":"170 - 170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48484830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/03085694.2022.2044633
{"title":"Explokart Research Group, Maps in Context Project","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/03085694.2022.2044633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03085694.2022.2044633","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44589,"journal":{"name":"Imago Mundi-The International Journal for the History of Cartography","volume":"74 1","pages":"30 - 30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42843719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/03085694.2022.2042121
Šima Krtalić
ABSTRACT The birth of the nautical chart in the late medieval period is seen as a watershed moment in the history of cartography. So far, however, the artisanal practices that permitted the proliferation of sea charts have remained poorly understood and little evidence has been recovered from extant charts on which to base the production history of the surviving charts. This article describes a systematic exploration of the techniques employed in the copying of coastlines on manuscript charts between the fourteenth and early seventeenth centuries. Attention is drawn to the ways different processes shaped contemporary late-medieval and early-modern understanding of the Mediterranean and what the techniques may reveal of that thinking. By reframing the charts in terms of their characteristics as drawings and placing map making in the broader context of two-dimensional graphic art, and by making use of the ever-growing corpus of high-resolution digital reproductions, we gain new insights into the chartmakers’ changing approaches to the transmission of geographical information. At the same time, a number of directions for further research are opened up.
{"title":"Anchoring the Image of the Sea: Copying Coastlines on Manuscript Nautical Charts from the Late Middle Ages and the Early Modern Period","authors":"Šima Krtalić","doi":"10.1080/03085694.2022.2042121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03085694.2022.2042121","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The birth of the nautical chart in the late medieval period is seen as a watershed moment in the history of cartography. So far, however, the artisanal practices that permitted the proliferation of sea charts have remained poorly understood and little evidence has been recovered from extant charts on which to base the production history of the surviving charts. This article describes a systematic exploration of the techniques employed in the copying of coastlines on manuscript charts between the fourteenth and early seventeenth centuries. Attention is drawn to the ways different processes shaped contemporary late-medieval and early-modern understanding of the Mediterranean and what the techniques may reveal of that thinking. By reframing the charts in terms of their characteristics as drawings and placing map making in the broader context of two-dimensional graphic art, and by making use of the ever-growing corpus of high-resolution digital reproductions, we gain new insights into the chartmakers’ changing approaches to the transmission of geographical information. At the same time, a number of directions for further research are opened up.","PeriodicalId":44589,"journal":{"name":"Imago Mundi-The International Journal for the History of Cartography","volume":"74 1","pages":"1 - 30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42414233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/03085694.2022.2042130
D. Lange
ABSTRACT Colour on maps is a key component in their use and meaning. Hitherto, however, the terms by which the different categories of the purpose of colour are usually described tend to be inconsistent. The aim in this brief note is to discuss these terminologies and suggest a working definition for each, with a view to establishing, in the longer term, an explicit methodology for the study of colour on maps. To illustrate the three key terms discussed here, particular reference is made to manuscript maps and hand-coloured woodblock prints produced in East Asia, especially in Korea and China before the twentieth century.
{"title":"Colour on Maps: Systems, Schemes, Codes","authors":"D. Lange","doi":"10.1080/03085694.2022.2042130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03085694.2022.2042130","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Colour on maps is a key component in their use and meaning. Hitherto, however, the terms by which the different categories of the purpose of colour are usually described tend to be inconsistent. The aim in this brief note is to discuss these terminologies and suggest a working definition for each, with a view to establishing, in the longer term, an explicit methodology for the study of colour on maps. To illustrate the three key terms discussed here, particular reference is made to manuscript maps and hand-coloured woodblock prints produced in East Asia, especially in Korea and China before the twentieth century.","PeriodicalId":44589,"journal":{"name":"Imago Mundi-The International Journal for the History of Cartography","volume":"74 1","pages":"117 - 124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43496203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/03085694.2022.2044194
Jesús Burgueño
In the historiography about European empires, there is an increasing interest in processes of describing, measuring and mapping areas as well as considering the various political, economic and social features related to them. This applies in particular to the analysis of population statistics, land taxation and schemes for agricultural improvement. In 2020, Reinhard Johler and Josef Wolf edited a volume, which contributes to this historiographical field. Beschreiben und Vermessen is based on a conference held in Tübingen in 2009. It comprises twenty-one essays related to ‘knowledge about space’ (Raumwissen) in the eastern and southeastern parts of the Austrian (later Austro-Hungarian) Empire. The essays are arranged in three sections: administrative communication and description of the country, surveying and mapping, and perspectives of the history of knowledge. A book review does not allow detailed discussion of every contribution, and, therefore, the following paragraphs focus on three aspects of particular interest to map historians. In some chapters, historical statistics as well as the instructions that were used during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries to create these statistics play a major role. Peter Becker, for example, highlights the importance of the instructions in the process, when social and economic features were structured into standardized abstract categories (‘Standardisierung der Zuordnung von Lebensund Wirtschaftsformen zu abstrakten Kategorien’). Such instructions formed a framework in which the creators of statistical descriptions arranged the characteristic features of their areas, as Livia Ardelean shows for the Marmarosch (in Romania) and Rudolf Gräf for the Banat (now divided among Romania, Serbia and Hungary). In these chapters, the authors examine how local staff tried to adapt the instructions to conditions in their respective areas. With regard to surveying and mapping, the contributors to the volume illustrate how the map enabled the central administration literally to ‘see’ the country. Land surveyors received detailed guidelines regarding the representation of topographical features, allowing them to produce maps that worked as a sort of filter. Xénia Havadi-Nagy, for example, demonstrates the importance of the various mapping projects that had the aim of ‘optimizing and acceleratingmovements of troops’. In addition, two chapters, by Borbála Zsuzsanna Török and byReinhard Johler, illustrate how eighteenthand nineteenth-century experts discussed various methods of measuring ethnographic differences, and how cartographers in the twentieth century channelled these differences into ethnographic maps. Another aspect highlighted here is the understanding of descriptions, statistics and maps as instruments or tools for political and administrative aims. Robert Born, for example, shows how military mapping at the Austro-Ottoman border depicted fortresses and other details useful for future war scenarios. At the sam
{"title":"Mapas das regiões de Portugal: mal se governa o país que se não conhece","authors":"Jesús Burgueño","doi":"10.1080/03085694.2022.2044194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03085694.2022.2044194","url":null,"abstract":"In the historiography about European empires, there is an increasing interest in processes of describing, measuring and mapping areas as well as considering the various political, economic and social features related to them. This applies in particular to the analysis of population statistics, land taxation and schemes for agricultural improvement. In 2020, Reinhard Johler and Josef Wolf edited a volume, which contributes to this historiographical field. Beschreiben und Vermessen is based on a conference held in Tübingen in 2009. It comprises twenty-one essays related to ‘knowledge about space’ (Raumwissen) in the eastern and southeastern parts of the Austrian (later Austro-Hungarian) Empire. The essays are arranged in three sections: administrative communication and description of the country, surveying and mapping, and perspectives of the history of knowledge. A book review does not allow detailed discussion of every contribution, and, therefore, the following paragraphs focus on three aspects of particular interest to map historians. In some chapters, historical statistics as well as the instructions that were used during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries to create these statistics play a major role. Peter Becker, for example, highlights the importance of the instructions in the process, when social and economic features were structured into standardized abstract categories (‘Standardisierung der Zuordnung von Lebensund Wirtschaftsformen zu abstrakten Kategorien’). Such instructions formed a framework in which the creators of statistical descriptions arranged the characteristic features of their areas, as Livia Ardelean shows for the Marmarosch (in Romania) and Rudolf Gräf for the Banat (now divided among Romania, Serbia and Hungary). In these chapters, the authors examine how local staff tried to adapt the instructions to conditions in their respective areas. With regard to surveying and mapping, the contributors to the volume illustrate how the map enabled the central administration literally to ‘see’ the country. Land surveyors received detailed guidelines regarding the representation of topographical features, allowing them to produce maps that worked as a sort of filter. Xénia Havadi-Nagy, for example, demonstrates the importance of the various mapping projects that had the aim of ‘optimizing and acceleratingmovements of troops’. In addition, two chapters, by Borbála Zsuzsanna Török and byReinhard Johler, illustrate how eighteenthand nineteenth-century experts discussed various methods of measuring ethnographic differences, and how cartographers in the twentieth century channelled these differences into ethnographic maps. Another aspect highlighted here is the understanding of descriptions, statistics and maps as instruments or tools for political and administrative aims. Robert Born, for example, shows how military mapping at the Austro-Ottoman border depicted fortresses and other details useful for future war scenarios. At the sam","PeriodicalId":44589,"journal":{"name":"Imago Mundi-The International Journal for the History of Cartography","volume":"74 1","pages":"132 - 133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45988594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/03085694.2022.2044627
{"title":"Imago Mundi Prize","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/03085694.2022.2044627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03085694.2022.2044627","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44589,"journal":{"name":"Imago Mundi-The International Journal for the History of Cartography","volume":"74 1","pages":"101 - 101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49145919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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