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Capital structure, profitability, and short-term solvency of nascent SMEs in Ghana: An empirical study 加纳新兴中小企业的资本结构、盈利能力和短期偿债能力:实证研究
Q3 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.7341/20231943
Karikari Amoa-Gyarteng, Shepherd Dhliwayo
PURPOSE: Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) play a vital role in the economic growth of emerging economies. However, many of these businesses fail in their early stages, making it important to investigate factors that influence their short-term solvency. This study aims to examine the impact of capital structure and profitability on the short-term solvency of nascent SMEs in Ghana, building on the liability of newness framework. METHODOLOGY: Data for this study were obtained from the Ghana Enterprises Agency, focusing on nascent SMEs that are five years old or less. Financial statements were used to measure the dependent and independent variables, and regression analysis was employed to measure the variance in short-term solvency accounted for by profitability and capital structure. FINDINGS: This study demonstrates that financing decisions and financial performance act as crucial mitigating factors for the potential risks of default and failure faced by nascent SMEs. Notably, the study finds that an appropriate balance between debt and equity financing raises the working capital ratio and thus reduces the liability of newness, which is a major challenge faced by nascent SMEs. This highlights the relevance of the trade-off theory, which recommends a combination of debt and equity financing to leverage the advantages of both sources of capital, in the context of nascent SMEs. The intricate relationship between profitability and short-term solvency in nascent SMEs was revealed in this study. The findings illustrate that while return on equity exhibits a direct impact on the short-term solvency of such SMEs, return on assets manifests an opposing effect. Furthermore, net profit after tax demonstrates only a nominal influence on the short-term solvency of nascent SMEs in Ghana. IMPLICATIONS: The implications of our study are far-reaching, particularly within the context of Ghana’s nascent SMEs. To ensure short-term viability and facilitate a smooth transition to maturity, nascent SMEs must strive for an optimal debt-to-equity ratio. This critical insight underscores the importance of managing the capital structure of nascent SMEs, as the improper balance between debt and equity may impede the achievement of short-term solvency and, in turn, hinder the long-term success of the firm. Additionally, while nascent SMEs must prioritize maintaining liquidity to safeguard against unforeseen contingencies, this comes at a high cost in terms of missed opportunities that could significantly enhance the company’s long-term return on assets. Thus, it is crucial for small business owners in Ghana to strike a balance between short-term solvency and return on assets by engaging in prudent financial management practices. Overall, our study provides valuable theoretical and practical implications for nascent SMEs in Ghana, emphasizing the need to optimize their capital structure and maximize their long-term return on assets while safeguarding their short-term liquidi
目的:中小企业(SMEs)在新兴经济体的经济增长中发挥着至关重要的作用。然而,这些企业中有许多在早期阶段就倒闭了,因此调查影响其短期偿付能力的因素非常重要。本研究旨在研究资本结构和盈利能力对加纳新兴中小企业短期偿债能力的影响,建立在新责任框架的基础上。方法:本研究的数据来自加纳企业局,重点关注成立五年或更短的新生中小企业。因变量和自变量采用财务报表计量,短期偿付能力方差采用回归分析计量,短期偿付能力方差由盈利能力和资本结构构成。研究发现:融资决策和财务绩效是新兴中小企业面临的潜在违约和破产风险的关键缓解因素。值得注意的是,研究发现,债务融资和股权融资之间的适当平衡提高了营运资金比率,从而降低了新生企业的负债,这是新生中小企业面临的主要挑战。这凸显了权衡理论的相关性,该理论建议在新兴中小企业的背景下,将债务和股权融资结合起来,以利用两种资本来源的优势。本研究揭示了新兴中小企业盈利能力与短期偿债能力之间的复杂关系。研究结果表明,尽管股本回报率对中小企业的短期偿债能力有直接影响,但资产回报率却表现出相反的作用。此外,税后净利润对加纳新兴中小企业的短期偿债能力只有名义上的影响。影响:我们研究的影响是深远的,特别是在加纳新兴中小企业的背景下。为了确保短期生存能力并促进平稳过渡到成熟,新生中小企业必须努力实现最佳的债务与权益比率。这一关键见解强调了管理新兴中小企业资本结构的重要性,因为债务和股权之间的不适当平衡可能会阻碍实现短期偿付能力,进而阻碍公司的长期成功。此外,虽然新兴的中小企业必须优先考虑保持流动性,以防范不可预见的突发事件,但就错失机会而言,这需要付出高昂的代价,而这些机会可能会显著提高公司的长期资产回报率。因此,对于加纳的小企业主来说,通过谨慎的财务管理实践,在短期偿付能力和资产回报之间取得平衡至关重要。总的来说,我们的研究为加纳的新兴中小企业提供了有价值的理论和实践意义,强调了优化其资本结构和最大化其长期资产回报的必要性,同时保护其短期流动性。原创性和价值:该研究的概念是,资本结构和盈利能力与短期偿债能力显著相关,因此,缓冲了新颖性的负债。其次,通过证明权衡理论的原则与新兴中小企业的短期偿债能力有关,该研究表明资本结构理论同样适用于中小企业,就像大公司一样。
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引用次数: 1
Predictors of fairness assessment for social media screening in employee selection
IF 1.8 Q3 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.7341/20231923
A. Balcerak, J. Woźniak, A. Zbuchea
PURPOSE: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the factors that determine the response of potential candidates to the screening of private (represented by Facebook) and professional (LinkedIn) social networking sites (SNS) for personnel selection purposes, and in particular to examine how SNS screening in the personnel selection process is perceived by innovative candidates. METHODOLOGY: The empirical data were obtained through an e-questionnaire survey among c. 150 young Polish Internet users in 2021. Multiple linear regression with backward elimination was used to determine the predictors of perceived justice of Facebook and LinkedIn screening in the selection process. FINDINGS: The results confirmed previous scientific findings that the perceived justice of Facebook cybervetting is significantly lower than for LinkedIn and the privacy invasiveness of Facebook screening was rated significantly higher than for LinkedIn. The results of linear regression with backward elimination indicated that among the assumed factors influencing the perceived justice of Facebook and LinkedIn screening in the selection process (i.e., privacy invasiveness, personal innovativeness, self-image management, risk aversion, ability to control a social networking site’s information, above average performance self-assessment, a general concern for internet privacy, and – in the case of LinkedIn – having an account on LinkedIn) the perceived privacy invasiveness is the best predictor of perceived justice of both private (Facebook), and professional (LinkedIn) social networking site screening for personnel selection purposes. Also, the candidate’s self-image management affects the perceived justice of both types of social media used as selection tools, whereas personal innovativeness increases the acceptance of private social media (Facebook) scanning for this purpose. IMPLICATIONS: This study contributes to the body of knowledge regarding the perceived justice of ICT-based selection tools, and of social networking site screening for personnel selection purposes in particular. It expands the knowledge about the applicability of social networking site content analysis of Polish users, especially of innovative candidates. The paper also provides some practical recommendations to help organizations apply social media content analysis in a way that minimizes potential candidates’ perception of privacy invasiveness and increases their fairness perception. ORIGINALITY AND VALUE: It is the first application of a cybervetting scale on a Polish sample that is advantageous in terms of comparability of data from different countries. We found that activities focused on creating one’s online image foster a higher acceptance of cybervetting that can diminish predictive validity of this type of selection practices.
目的:本文的目的是分析决定潜在候选人对私人(以Facebook为代表)和专业(LinkedIn)社交网站(SNS)筛选人员选择的反应的因素,特别是研究创新型候选人如何感知人员选择过程中的SNS筛选。方法:实证数据通过对2021年约150名波兰年轻互联网用户的电子问卷调查获得。采用多元线性回归和反向消去法确定Facebook和LinkedIn筛选过程中感知公正的预测因素。研究结果证实了先前的科学发现,即Facebook网络审查的感知正义性显著低于LinkedIn, Facebook筛选的隐私侵犯性显著高于LinkedIn。线性回归后向剔除的结果表明,在影响Facebook和LinkedIn筛选过程中感知公正的假设因素中(即隐私侵犯性、个人创新性、自我形象管理、风险规避、控制社交网站信息的能力、高于平均水平的绩效自我评估、对网络隐私的普遍关注),而且——在LinkedIn的例子中——在LinkedIn上有一个账户),感知到的隐私侵犯是个人(Facebook)和专业(LinkedIn)社交网站筛选人员的最佳预测指标。此外,候选人的自我形象管理影响了作为选择工具的两种社交媒体的感知公正,而个人创新则增加了对私人社交媒体(Facebook)扫描的接受度。启示:本研究对基于信息通信技术的选择工具的感知公正的知识体系做出了贡献,特别是对以人员选择为目的的社交网站筛选。它扩展了关于波兰用户,特别是创新候选人的社交网站内容分析的适用性的知识。本文还提供了一些实用的建议,以帮助组织应用社交媒体内容分析的方式,最大限度地减少潜在候选人对隐私侵犯的看法,并提高他们对公平的看法。原创性和价值:这是第一次在波兰样本上应用网络审查量表,这在不同国家数据的可比性方面是有利的。我们发现,专注于塑造一个人的网络形象的活动促进了对网络审查的更高接受度,这可能会降低这种选择实践的预测有效性。
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引用次数: 1
What are the real motivations and experiences of silver entrepreneurs? Empirical evidence from Poland 白银企业家的真正动机和经验是什么?来自波兰的经验证据
Q3 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.7341/20231934
Daria Ilczuk, Łukasz Dopierała, Joanna Bednarz
PURPOSE: Along with demographic changes, it is increasingly frequent that many mature people resign from their full-time jobs and decide to start their own businesses at a later age. Entrepreneurial activity among this group of so-called silver entrepreneurs can be caused by many motives, but these factors usually remain unknown to current employers or do not constitute a valid reason for understanding and keeping a mature person in the workplace. The purpose of this paper is to present new scientific results concerning entrepreneurial motivations, both internal and external, and the previous experiences of silver entrepreneurs from Eastern Europe based on an example from Poland. METHODOLOGY: We analyzed a unique sample of 1,003 owners of micro and small enterprises from Poland. The sample included only people over fifty. Our empirical study used a survey to explore the motivations and experiences of silver entrepreneurs that influenced their decision to start a business later in life. We linked attitude toward the behavior with motivation and utilized the “pull” and “push” factors. We utilized logistic regression to determine the factors related to starting a business above fifty. We also used the ordinary least square regression to determine the relationship between the explanatory variables and the age of starting a business by the respondents. FINDINGS: We found that the main “pull” factor positively influencing the start of business activity by silver entrepreneurs is the fulfillment of dreams as a broadly understood need for self-realization. However, the “push” factors (such as the occurrence of ageism in the workplace, as well as the loss of employment and lack of other opportunities on the labor market) significantly reduced the probability of starting a company at the age of over fifty. On the basis of the positive impact of a “pull” factor, it can be concluded that entrepreneurial activity at a later age is the result of opportunity-based entrepreneurship. Due to the negative impact of the job-loss factor, people made redundant started their business activity at an earlier age, before the age of fifty. Regarding external entrepreneurial motivations, the support received from family is the most important factor related to the individual’s environment affecting starting a business by silver entrepreneurs. However, the support from friends and the support from government bodies were not significant factors influencing starting a business at a later age.IMPLICATIONS: Findings from our study have implications for both employers and groups who support entrepreneurship. First, from the point of view of employers, the occurrence of ageism in the previous workplace could have resulted in resignation from full-time employment at an earlier age and a faster start of business activity. It is surprising that negative behavior towards older employees may also be associated with resignation from work by younger people. From the point of view of gover
目的:随着人口结构的变化,越来越多的成年人辞去全职工作,决定在较晚的年龄开始自己的事业。在这群所谓的“银发企业家”中,创业活动可能是由许多动机引起的,但这些因素通常不为当前的雇主所知,或者不构成理解和留住一个成熟的人的有效理由。本文旨在以波兰银发企业家为例,从内部动机和外部动机两方面,对东欧银发企业家的经验进行梳理。方法:我们分析了来自波兰的1003名微型和小型企业所有者的独特样本。样本只包括50岁以上的人。我们的实证研究采用了一项调查来探讨银发企业家的动机和经历,这些动机和经历影响了他们在以后的生活中创业的决定。我们将对行为的态度与动机联系起来,并利用了“拉”和“推”因素。我们使用逻辑回归来确定50岁以上创业的相关因素。我们还使用普通最小二乘回归来确定解释变量与受访者创业年龄之间的关系。研究结果:我们发现,白银企业家开始创业活动的主要“拉动”因素是实现梦想,这是一种广泛理解的自我实现需求。然而,“推动”因素(如工作场所年龄歧视的发生,以及劳动力市场上失业和缺乏其他机会)大大降低了50岁以上创业的可能性。根据“拉”因素的积极影响,可以得出结论,较晚年龄的创业活动是基于机会的创业的结果。由于失业因素的负面影响,被裁员的人在更早的年龄开始了他们的商业活动,在50岁之前。在外部创业动机方面,来自家庭的支持是影响银发企业家创业的个人环境中最重要的因素。然而,朋友的支持和政府机构的支持并不是影响晚辈创业的显著因素。启示:我们的研究结果对支持创业的雇主和团体都有启示。首先,从雇主的角度来看,在以前的工作场所发生的年龄歧视可能会导致在更早的年龄辞去全职工作,更快地开始商业活动。令人惊讶的是,对年长员工的负面行为也可能与年轻人辞职有关。从政府机构和其他与创业发展有关的利益相关者群体的角度来看,有趣的是,从政府机构在开展商业活动方面获得的支持对每一组受访者来说都是统计上微不足道的。这表明需要确定有效的支持,并为发展银发企业家精神设计一项全面战略。原创性和价值:绝大多数先前的研究使用二手数据或主要关注西欧,特别是英国、芬兰和法国。我们的贡献是提供关于东欧,特别是波兰白银企业家的经验证据。我们的研究对象包括实际经营自己企业的个人,与之前的研究相反,研究对象是刚刚考虑创业的人。这对于研究成熟人士在较晚年龄从事创业活动的创业意图和银发企业家的真实动机尤为重要。
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引用次数: 0
An overview of the empirical research on entrepreneurial alertness using a systematic literature review method 运用系统文献法对创业警觉性的实证研究进行综述
IF 1.8 Q3 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.7341/20231915
Héctor Montiel-Campos
PURPOSE: In the last two decades, the concept of entrepreneurial alertness (EA) has been considered a key element in investigating how individuals recognize entrepreneurial opportunities. Consequently, research on entrepreneurial alertness has grown considerably, attracting researchers’ attention from not only the field of entrepreneurship, but also other academic disciplines through which this concept has been studied from a variety of perspectives. Therefore, it is time to document researchers’ cumulative knowledge on entrepreneurial alertness. The present study aims to provide a comprehensive qualitative review and evaluation of the empirical entrepreneurial alertness research. METHODOLOGY: Based on a multi-step approach used in previous studies, which guarantees a systematic, transparent, and replicable literature review, this study identified a final sample of 84 articles published in scientific journals between 2005 and 2021 that empirically tested the concept of EA. The publications were sourced from the Web of Science database. Their analysis involved the evolution of published articles, the journals that have published the most articles, the countries where the research was undertaken, the measurement scales that have been used, and the research models in which entrepreneurial alertness has been hypothesized and examined through empirical research. FINDINGS: The results show that empirical research on entrepreneurial alertness grew significantly from 2016 to 2021, during which period almost 11 articles per year were published. Seven of the journals that published the articles contributed 28 percent of the total publications. Also, the results confirm that most of the empirical research on alertness has been carried out in developing economies, from which China stands out with 14 publications, representing 16 percent of the total. Additionally, the results confirm the growing consensus regarding the conceptualization and measurement of entrepreneurial alertness. Finally, the review resulted in the identification of five broad research models in which EA has been hypothesized and examined through empirical research: antecedents, consequences, mediation, moderation, and moderated mediation. The model examining the consequences or outcomes of entrepreneurial alertness has received the most attention, with 59 articles in this context. IMPLICATIONS FOR THEORY AND PRACTICE: The identification of concepts and the type of relationship they have with entrepreneurial alertness help evaluate the advances of empirical research as well as the areas of opportunity. In this way, future studies can strengthen research and thus advance the general knowledge of alertness. The most studied topics are also a reflection of the contribution of entrepreneurial alertness toward practice, both at the individual and organizational levels. In addition, researchers interested in entrepreneurial alertness are encouraged to consider the progress made in the measuremen
目的:在过去的二十年中,创业警觉性(EA)的概念被认为是调查个人如何认识创业机会的关键因素。因此,对创业警觉性的研究有了很大的发展,不仅吸引了创业领域的研究人员的关注,也吸引了其他学科的研究人员的关注,这些研究人员从不同的角度研究了这一概念。因此,现在是时候记录研究人员关于创业警觉性的累积知识了。本研究旨在对实证创业警觉性研究进行全面的定性回顾和评价。方法:基于先前研究中使用的多步骤方法,该方法保证了系统、透明和可复制的文献综述,本研究确定了2005年至2021年间发表在科学期刊上的84篇文章的最终样本,这些文章对EA的概念进行了实证检验。这些出版物来自Web of Science数据库。他们的分析涉及发表文章的演变、发表文章最多的期刊、进行研究的国家、使用的测量量表,以及通过实证研究假设和检验企业家警觉性的研究模型。研究发现:2016 - 2021年,创业警觉性实证研究显著增长,年均发表论文近11篇。发表这些文章的7种期刊占总发表量的28%。此外,研究结果证实,大多数关于警觉性的实证研究都是在发展中经济体进行的,其中中国发表了14篇论文,占总数的16%。此外,结果证实了关于创业警觉性的概念化和测量日益增长的共识。最后,回顾结果确定了五种广泛的研究模型,其中EA已经被假设并通过实证研究进行了检验:前因、后果、中介、调节和调节中介。考察企业家警觉性的后果或结果的模型受到了最多的关注,在这方面有59篇文章。对理论和实践的启示:概念的识别以及它们与企业家警觉性的关系类型有助于评估实证研究的进展以及机会领域。这样,未来的研究可以加强研究,从而提高警觉性的一般知识。研究最多的主题也反映了企业家对实践的警觉性的贡献,无论是在个人还是在组织层面。此外,鼓励对创业警觉性感兴趣的研究人员考虑在这方面的测量取得的进展,这为研究提供了替代方案。独创性与价值:在文献综述的基础上,组织了不同研究模型下创业警觉性的实证研究,为创业警觉性的过程提供了重要的洞见。此外,本研究揭示了有待解决的潜在领域,从而有助于对创业警觉性的研究。
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引用次数: 0
Sustainable human resource management practices in organizational performance: The mediating impacts of knowledge management and work engagement 组织绩效中的可持续人力资源管理实践:知识管理和工作投入的中介影响
IF 1.8 Q3 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.7341/20231922
Shatha Abu-Mahfouz, Mutia Sobihah Abd Halim, Ayu Suriawaty Bahkia, Noryati Alias, Abdul Malek Tambi
PURPOSE: Modern business and global organizations are regularly presented with challenges caused by unpredictable competitive environments. Human resource management (HRM) practices give sustainable opportunities for employees to use their abilities and express their enthusiasm to obtain skills and knowledge and to apply them at the workplace with a view to achieving engaged individuals and increasing organizational performance. This article presents a recent study outcome to examine (i) the mediating role of knowledge management and work engagement and (ii) the effect of sustainable HRM practices on organizational performance. METHODOLOGY: 500 self-reported questionnaires were distributed to Jordanian university lecturers (research population) for data collection. The study data were assessed with structural equation modeling (SEM) using IBM-SPSS-AMOS 25.0. FINDINGS: Two pivotal outcomes were identified: (i) sustainable HRM practices, knowledge management, and work engagement were positively associated with organizational performance; (ii) knowledge management and work engagement played a mediating role in the sustainable HRM practice-organizational performance correlation. IMPLICATIONS: Overall, employee cooperation proved essential to optimize organizational performance, specifically during their engagement in sustainable HRM practices and knowledge management. Finally, the research proposed several practical recommendations and interventions on sustainable HRM for future research. ORIGINALITY AND VALUE: The research has provided proof of five variable relationships contained in the model. Firstly, organizational performance increased with sustainable HRM practices through knowledge management. Secondly, organizational performance increased with sustainable HRM practices through work engagement. Thirdly, work engagement increased with sustainable HRM through knowledge management. Fourthly, organizational performance increased with knowledge management through work engagement. Fifthly, organizational performance increased with sustainable HRM through knowledge management and work engagement.
目的:现代商业和全球组织经常面临由不可预测的竞争环境引起的挑战。人力资源管理(HRM)实践为员工提供了可持续的机会,让他们发挥自己的能力,表达自己的热情,以获得技能和知识,并将其应用于工作场所,以实现个人投入和提高组织绩效。本文提出了一项最新的研究成果来检验(i)知识管理和工作投入的中介作用以及(ii)可持续人力资源管理实践对组织绩效的影响。方法:向约旦大学讲师(研究人群)分发了500份自我报告问卷,以收集数据。采用IBM-SPSS-AMOS 25.0软件对研究数据进行结构方程建模(SEM)。发现:确定了两个关键结果:(i)可持续的人力资源管理实践、知识管理和工作投入与组织绩效呈正相关;(二)知识管理和工作投入在可持续人力资源管理实践与组织绩效的相关关系中起中介作用。启示:总体而言,员工合作被证明对优化组织绩效至关重要,特别是在他们参与可持续人力资源管理实践和知识管理期间。最后,本研究为未来的可持续人力资源管理研究提出了一些实用的建议和干预措施。原创性和价值:研究提供了模型中包含的五个变量关系的证明。首先,通过知识管理,可持续的人力资源管理实践提高了组织绩效。其次,通过工作投入,可持续的人力资源管理实践提高了组织绩效。第三,通过知识管理,可持续的人力资源管理增加了工作投入。第四,通过工作投入,知识管理提高了组织绩效。第五,通过知识管理和工作投入,可持续人力资源管理提高了组织绩效。
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引用次数: 2
Is Team Entrepreneurial Orientation important in generating creative business ideas? The moderating role of team-perceived heterogeneity and the individual creative mindset 团队创业导向在产生创造性的商业想法中重要吗?团队感知异质性与个体创造性思维的调节作用
IF 1.8 Q3 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.7341/20231913
Monika Tkacz, Izaskun Agirre-Aramburu, Aitor Lizartza-Martin
PURPOSE: The study aims to unveil if Team Entrepreneurial Orientation (TEO) facilitates identification of creative market opportunities understood as novelty and quality business ideas. Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO) has rarely been measured at a team level and few studies have attempted to examine the relationship between EO and actual creative outcomes. The proposed research model searches for new patterns that can foster creativity of entrepreneurial teams. In addition, the research adds the moderating effect of perceived team heterogeneity and individual creative mindset (Growth-Creative and Fixed-Creative Mindsets) as contingency variables to improve the understanding under which circumstances the entrepreneurial teams generate creative business ideas. METHODOLOGY: The research sample comprises entrepreneurial teams from the Mondragon Team Academy in the Basque Country, Spain. The survey data were collected after the entrepreneurial teams performed idea generation. The applied experiment of idea generation of entrepreneurial teams has not been generated for the purpose of the study but it formed part of the natural processes of the selected sample of teams. The novelty and quality of business ideas were evaluated by experts in the field. The data relationships were analyzed through partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). FINDINGS: Entrepreneurial Orientation of teams leads to product-market entries but not necessarily to novel product-market entries. Entrepreneurially oriented teams have a greater tendency to generate quality and slightly modified existing business ideas rather than to generate novel market opportunities. The applied moderators present different interaction results with the studied relationships. Specifically, individuals with a Fixed-Creative Mindset in a team have an antagonistic interaction on the TEO-Quality relationship. Team-Perceived Heterogeneity and Growth-Creative Mindset of individuals have no effect on either the TEO-Quality or the TEO-Novelty link. IMPLICATIONS: The research demonstrates the importance of contextualization of the nature of creativity in EO as a crucial antecedent of market innovations. Our study adds to the literature and practice by providing evidence that EO at a team level (TEO) plays a critical role in exploring product-market entries, given that TEO facilitates Quality outcomes only. Entrepreneurially oriented teams do not easily achieve Novel outcomes that allow them to enter new markets. Individuals with Fixed Creative Mindset in a team should be avoided as they block the relationship between Team Entrepreneurial Orientation and Quality. Likewise, our study supports the validity of Entrepreneurial Orientation at a team level, which can lead to more suitable practical implications for a team and its creativity management if applied. It could help in developing appropriate team formation and team management practices. ORIGINALITY AND VALUE: The study proposes rare and
目的:本研究旨在揭示团队创业导向(TEO)是否有助于识别创意市场机会,即新颖性和高质量的商业理念。创业导向(EO)很少在团队层面进行测量,也很少有研究试图检验EO与实际创造性成果之间的关系。提出的研究模型寻找能够培养创业团队创造力的新模式。此外,本研究还将团队异质性感知和个体创意思维(成长型创意思维和固定型创意思维)的调节作用作为偶然性变量,以提高对创业团队在何种环境下产生创意经营理念的理解。研究方法:研究样本包括来自西班牙巴斯克地区蒙德拉贡团队学院的创业团队。调查数据是在创业团队进行创意生成后收集的。创业团队创意产生的应用实验并不是为了研究的目的而产生的,但它是选定样本团队自然过程的一部分。该领域的专家对商业创意的新颖性和质量进行了评估。通过偏最小二乘结构方程模型(PLS-SEM)分析数据之间的关系。研究发现:团队的创业导向导致产品市场进入,但不一定导致新颖的产品市场进入。以创业为导向的团队更倾向于产生高质量的、稍作修改的现有商业理念,而不是产生新的市场机会。应用的调节因子对研究的关系呈现不同的交互作用结果。具体而言,团队中具有固定创意思维的个体在执行总监-质量关系上存在对抗性互动。个体的团队感知异质性和成长创新心态对teo -质量和teo -新颖性的关系均无影响。启示:本研究表明,作为市场创新的关键先决条件,情境化的创造性在创业环境中的重要性。我们的研究增加了文献和实践,提供了证据,证明团队层面(TEO)的EO在探索产品市场准入方面起着关键作用,因为TEO只促进质量结果。以创业为导向的团队不容易取得允许他们进入新市场的新颖成果。团队中应该避免有固定创新思维的个体,因为他们阻碍了团队创业导向和质量之间的关系。同样,我们的研究也支持了创业导向在团队层面的有效性,如果将其应用于团队及其创造力管理,可能会带来更合适的实践意义。它可以帮助开发适当的团队组建和团队管理实践。独创性和价值:该研究在团队层面和年轻公司(初创企业)层面提出了罕见而独特的EO分析。该研究有助于在熊彼特的创业活动“创造性破坏”的视角下对创业行为进行原创和被忽视的概念化。对创业团队对产品市场进入的行为影响的理论基础的检验,导致了更清晰的先例。这项研究发起、确定并呼吁新的进一步研究方向,以有助于对创业团队如何产生创造性商业想法,特别是新颖的商业想法有更大的和偶然的理解,这对于“创造性破坏”、EO构建本身和整体经济发展是必要的。
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引用次数: 0
Innovation-driven human resource management practices: A systematic review, integrative framework, and future research directions 创新驱动型人力资源管理实践:系统回顾、整合框架及未来研究方向
IF 1.8 Q3 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.7341/20231921
Regina Lenart-Gansiniec, Barbara A. Sypniewska, Jin Chen
PURPOSE: It is increasingly emphasized that human resource management practices (HRMP), which refer to recruiting and selection, training and development, compensation and performance appraisal, are of great importance for creating innovation. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has shown that traditional HRMPs are already insufficient, which entails the need to rethink and reformulate them in the direction of more effective innovation while also allowing organizations to survive COVID-19-like crises. While there is an extensive literature on human resources management and innovation, there is still no consensus on innovation-driven HRMP. This study aims to identify and synthesize most significant and trustworthy research contributions of innovation-driven HRMP. In addition, to facilitate theory building in the field of HRMP, this article consolidates the existing knowledge into an integrative framework. This framework can be used by future researchers to identify gaps and ambiguities in the meaning of innovation-driven HRMP. METHODOLOGY: The article presents the results of a systematic literature review of 71 empirical research articles referring to innovation-driven HRMP from the Web of Science and Scopus databases. FINDINGS: The systematic literature review allowed us to identify innovation-driven HRMP, taking into account three levels of analysis: individual, group and organizational, with the latter level of analysis being dominant in previous publications. Recognition of innovation-driven HRMP, taking into account the levels in question, is included in an integrative framework, which is the theoretical basis for guiding future research. Our results confirmed the growing trend in the number of publications on the subject since 2010. Most researchers used a quantitative approach. Based on the first author’s affiliation, authors from Great Britain contributed the largest number of publications. Articles are published in various journals, but mainly in those on human resources management. The research took into account a variety of organizational contexts, predominantly in dynamic and complex industries. Our findings show that the current state of research on innovation-driven HRMP confirms the need for further research in this area. Based on this, we provided thematic gaps and potential questions for future research divided into three levels of innovation-driven HRMP. IMPLICATIONS: Our systematic literature review allowed us to propose implications for future researchers planning to conduct research in the field of innovation-driven HRMP. ORIGINALITY AND VALUE: Our systematic literature review focuses on identifying innovation-driven HRMP along with determining the current state of knowledge and future research directions in this area. In addition, we developed an integrative framework that aims at organizing existing literature but also at identifying promising future research directions into innovation-driven HRMP.
目的:越来越多的人强调人力资源管理实践(HRMP),包括招聘和选择、培训和发展、薪酬和绩效考核,对于创造创新具有重要意义。然而,2019冠状病毒病大流行表明,传统的人力资源管理方案已经不足,这就需要重新思考和重新制定这些方案,以实现更有效的创新,同时使组织能够度过类似2019冠状病毒病的危机。虽然关于人力资源管理和创新的文献很多,但关于创新驱动的人力资源管理方案还没有达成共识。本研究旨在找出并综合创新驱动型人力资源管理最重要且最值得信赖的研究贡献。此外,为了促进人力资源管理领域的理论建设,本文将现有知识整合成一个整合的框架。未来的研究人员可以使用这个框架来识别创新驱动的人力资源管理方案含义中的差距和歧义。方法:本文对来自Web of Science和Scopus数据库的71篇关于创新驱动型人力资源管理的实证研究论文进行了系统的文献综述。研究结果:系统的文献回顾使我们能够确定创新驱动的HRMP,考虑到三个层次的分析:个人、群体和组织,后一个层次的分析在以前的出版物中占主导地位。对创新驱动型人力资源管理的认识,考虑到问题的水平,被纳入一个综合框架,这是指导未来研究的理论基础。我们的研究结果证实,自2010年以来,有关该主题的出版物数量呈增长趋势。大多数研究人员使用定量方法。根据第一作者的隶属关系,来自英国的作者贡献了最多的出版物。文章发表在各种期刊上,但主要是关于人力资源管理的。该研究考虑了各种组织背景,主要是在动态和复杂的行业。我们的研究结果表明,创新驱动型人力资源管理研究的现状证实了该领域进一步研究的必要性。在此基础上,我们将创新驱动的人力资源管理模式分为三个层次,提出了未来研究的主题缺口和潜在问题。启示:我们的系统文献综述使我们能够对未来计划在创新驱动的人力资源管理领域进行研究的研究人员提出启示。原创性和价值:我们的系统文献综述侧重于识别创新驱动的人力资源管理模式,并确定该领域的知识现状和未来研究方向。此外,我们开发了一个综合框架,旨在组织现有文献,同时也为创新驱动的HRMP确定有前途的未来研究方向。
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引用次数: 1
ESG performance and dividend stability of the world’s largest enterprises 全球最大企业的ESG绩效与股息稳定性
Q3 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.7341/20231946
Agnieszka Matuszewska-Pierzynka, Urszula Mrzygłód, Aleksandra Pieloch-Babiarz
PURPOSE: Theoretical and empirical research on corporate sustainability focuses on the relationship between environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance and profitability or market value; little attention is given to describing their effect on dividend policy. Therefore, the main purpose of this paper is to address the research gap by identifying the relationship between corporate sustainability performance and the stability of dividend payouts. To achieve this goal, we formulated a general research hypothesis that there is a positive link between an enterprise’s ESG performance and its propensity to pay stable dividends. This research hypothesis is operationalized by the following five specific hypotheses: (1) the link between the overall ESG score and the propensity to pay stable dividends is positive; (2) the link between the environmental pillar score and the propensity to pay stable dividends is positive; (3) the link between the social pillar score and the propensity to pay stable dividends is positive; (4) the link between the governance pillar score and the propensity to pay stable dividends is positive; (5) the link between the ESG controversies score and the propensity to pay stable dividends is positive. METHODOLOGY: The hypothesis was empirically verified using a logistic regression model among the world’s largest non-financial enterprises listed in the Global 500 of 2021 for the years 2012–2021. The specifications of the general model include sustainability variables such as environmental, social, and governance pillar scores, as well as the ESG controversies score, which measures an enterprise’s exposure to environmental, social, and governance controversies and negative events reflected in global media. The financial ratios, such as a return on assets, current ratio, and debt-to-equity ratio, are considered control variables in the model specifications. The research was extended by implementing descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficients. All required financial and sustainability data were retrieved from the London Stock Exchange Group (LSEG) Eikon database. FINDINGS: The results of the estimation revealed that: (1) the effect of integrated ESG activities on payout stability is statistically significant and negative only in model specifications without the ESG controversies; (2) the effect of the environmental dimension is statistically significant and negative only when other particular ESG pillars are not considered; (3) the effect of the social dimension is statistically significant and negative, only when the governance dimension and the ESG controversies are not considered together in the same model specification; (4) the effect of the governance dimension is statistically significant and positive only if other particular pillars are considered together in one model specification, both with and without the ESG controversies; (5) the effect of the ESG controversies is statistically significant and pos
目的:企业可持续发展的理论和实证研究主要关注环境、社会和治理(ESG)绩效与盈利能力或市场价值之间的关系;很少有人注意描述它们对股息政策的影响。因此,本文的主要目的是通过确定公司可持续发展绩效与股息支付稳定性之间的关系来解决研究空白。为了实现这一目标,我们提出了一个一般性的研究假设,即企业的ESG绩效与其支付稳定股息的倾向之间存在正相关关系。本研究假设通过以下五个具体假设来实现:(1)ESG总体得分与支付稳定股息倾向之间存在正相关关系;(2)环境支柱得分与稳定股利支付倾向呈正相关;(3)社会支柱得分与稳定股利支付倾向呈正相关;(4)治理支柱得分与稳定股利支付倾向呈正相关;(5) ESG争议得分与企业支付稳定股息倾向之间存在正相关关系。方法:以2012-2021年世界500强中最大的非金融企业为样本,采用logistic回归模型对假设进行实证验证。通用模型的规格包括可持续性变量,如环境、社会和治理支柱得分,以及ESG争议得分,该得分衡量企业对环境、社会和治理争议以及全球媒体反映的负面事件的暴露程度。财务比率,如资产回报率、流动比率和债务股本比率,被认为是模型规范中的控制变量。通过实施描述性统计和Pearson相关系数来扩展研究。所有需要的财务和可持续性数据都是从伦敦证券交易所集团(LSEG) Eikon数据库中检索的。结果表明:(1)整合ESG活动对股利稳定性的影响在统计学上显著且仅在没有ESG争议的模型规范中为负;(2)只有在不考虑其他特定ESG支柱的情况下,环境维度的影响才具有统计显著性和负向性;(3)只有在同一模型规范中不同时考虑治理维度和ESG争议时,社会维度的影响才具有统计学显著性和负向性;(4)只有当在一个模型规范中同时考虑其他特定支柱时,无论是否存在ESG争议,治理维度的影响在统计上都是显著的和积极的;(5) ESG争议对各模型规范的影响均具有统计学显著性和正相关。因此,一般研究假设无法得到证实,因为只有第五个具体研究假设才能在所有模型规范中得到肯定的验证。启示:企业可持续发展绩效与股利政策之间的关系有待进一步研究。不仅要考虑常用的ESG评分,还要考虑ESG争议评分,这在本研究中具有统计学意义。政府和国际组织应与提供ESG数据的公司合作,将ESG得分,包括ESG争议得分,公开提供给所有利益相关者群体,这将有助于缩小信息差距。管理者应该更加关注从风险的角度提高ESG计划的可见性,这样可以避免在特定的企业可持续性维度上的争议。原创性与价值:本文的附加价值在于,它调查了ESG绩效与支付政策之间的关系,这在以往的研究中没有得到充分的探讨,特别是在企业有争议的ESG活动的背景下。为了填补文献研究的空白,笔者将ESG争议得分作为自变量纳入模型规范,这是股利政策研究的一个新颖之处。
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引用次数: 1
Going green to keep talent: Exploring the relationship between sustainable business practices and turnover intentio 走向绿色以留住人才:探索可持续商业实践与离职意向之间的关系
Q3 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.7341/20231933
Anna Florek-Paszkowska, Carlos Arturo Hoyos-Vallejo
PURPOSE: This study explores the association between sustainable business practices (SBP) and turnover intention (TI) to understand the role of sustainability initiatives in influencing employee retention and organizational commitment. METHODOLOGY: The present study conducted a systematic literature review (SLR) following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Statement. From an initial selection of 326 articles, a rigorous double-blind screening process identified 31 key papers for in-depth analysis. FINDINGS: The systematic review provides compelling evidence that SBP have a robust positive association with employee outcomes, especially in reducing TI. This relationship is notably mediated by job satisfaction and organizational commitment and moderated by psychological safety and ethical leadership elements. Further, key gaps were discerned, including the necessity to explore the varied impact of SBP across industries, the enduring effects of SBP on TI, the influence of cultural and contextual facets, and the urgency for methodological advancements in cross-cultural research. In response to these gaps, four hypotheses were conceptualized to provide deeper insights into the complex interplay between SBP, TI, and overarching cultural/contextual variables. IMPLICATIONS: Theoretically, this research adds to the existing literature by empirically validating the relationship between SBP and TI, highlighting critical mediators and moderators, and suggesting avenues for future research. Incorporating the identified gaps and proposed hypotheses provides a structured direction for subsequent investigations. The findings emphasize the importance of integrating SBP into organizational strategies to promote sustainability while enhancing workforce well-being and retention. Organizations can align with sustainability goals and boost employee satisfaction by focusing on organizational commitment, open communication, and leadership grounded in ethical and sustainable principles. ORIGINALITY AND VALUE: This research provides a comprehensive overview of the interplay between SBP and TI, integrating insights from various studies. By emphasizing understudied mediators and moderators, identifying research gaps, and outlining derived hypotheses, the study sets the stage for future inquiries. Its practical recommendations are essential for organizations that balance sustainability goals with workforce stability, benefiting organizational performance and employee satisfaction.
目的:本研究探讨可持续商业实践(SBP)与离职倾向(TI)之间的关系,以了解可持续发展举措在影响员工保留和组织承诺中的作用。方法:本研究根据系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目(PRISMA)声明进行了系统文献综述(SLR)。从最初选择的326篇文章中,经过严格的双盲筛选过程,确定了31篇重点论文进行深入分析。研究结果:系统评价提供了令人信服的证据,表明收缩压与员工的工作成果有显著的正相关,尤其是在减少TI方面。工作满意度和组织承诺对这一关系具有显著的中介作用,心理安全和伦理领导因素对这一关系有调节作用。此外,还发现了关键的差距,包括探索跨行业SBP的各种影响的必要性,SBP对TI的持久影响,文化和背景方面的影响,以及跨文化研究方法进步的紧迫性。针对这些差距,我们提出了四个假设,以更深入地了解收缩压、TI和总体文化/情境变量之间的复杂相互作用。意义:理论上,本研究通过实证验证收缩压和TI之间的关系,强调了关键的中介和调节因素,并为未来的研究提出了途径,从而补充了现有的文献。结合已确定的差距和提出的假设为后续调查提供了结构化的方向。研究结果强调了将SBP整合到组织战略中的重要性,以促进可持续性,同时提高员工福利和保留率。组织可以与可持续发展目标保持一致,通过关注组织承诺、开放沟通和基于道德和可持续原则的领导来提高员工满意度。原创性和价值:本研究综合了来自不同研究的见解,全面概述了收缩压和TI之间的相互作用。通过强调未被充分研究的中介和调节因素,确定研究差距,并概述衍生假设,该研究为未来的调查奠定了基础。它的实用建议对于平衡可持续性目标与劳动力稳定性,有利于组织绩效和员工满意度的组织是必不可少的。
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引用次数: 1
The influence of e-trust on a job performance model based on employees’ dynamic capabilities during a crisis caused by a Black Swan event 基于员工动态能力的黑天鹅事件危机下电子信任对工作绩效模型的影响
IF 1.8 Q3 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.7341/20231925
K. Tworek, Guangyan Luo, Marcin Paska, A. Sałamacha
PURPOSE: In a crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic, employees play a key role in the ability to survive and achieve both sufficient and outstanding performance in the organization. Therefore, both the characteristics of people in the organization and the possibility of influencing the improvement of their performance at work, have become the focus of attention of scientists and practitioners. In this context, the purpose of this article is to analyze the role of e-trust in strengthening the influence of employees’ dynamic capabilities on the job performance of employees among organizations operating under the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODOLOGY: An empirical study was performed based on the Employees’ Dynamic Capabilities model. In order to verify the potential relations, empirical studies were conducted in 1200 organizations located in Poland, Italy and USA. The companies were selected on the basis of the purposive manner. The structured questionnaire was prepared and the CAWI (Computer-Assisted Web Interview) method was used in this research. The reliability of the scales used in the survey was tested and afterwards a multigroup path analysis was performed using IBM SPSS AMOS. The model was verified, confirming the presumed relationships between the variables. FINDINGS: It has been proven that the higher the level of e-trust is, the stronger the influence of EDC is on job performance of organizations operating under a crisis caused by a Black Swan event mediated by P-J fit, work motivation, job satisfaction and work engagement. IMPLICATIONS: This study contributes to the current knowledge of management, in particular human resource management. In the theoretical area, the relationships between the factors influencing job performance in the difficult conditions of the crisis caused by the Black Swan event were described. On the other hand, from a practical point of view, indications on how to shape leadership behavior during remote work, with particular emphasis on the e-trust aspect, seem to be important. ORIGINALITY AND VALUE: This research enriches the considerations regarding the existing Employees’ Dynamic Capabilities model. The role of the e-trust factor, which is an important part of e-leadership, in the context of the impact on this model was indicated and discussed. The conclusions are a solid step in the development of knowledge about managing employees during remote work, which not only became a solution for the time of the crisis, but was also permanently introduced to the current work organization.
目的:在COVID-19大流行等危机中,员工在组织的生存能力和实现充分和卓越绩效方面发挥着关键作用。因此,组织中人的特点以及影响其工作绩效提高的可能性成为科学家和实践者关注的焦点。在此背景下,本文的目的是分析在COVID-19大流行条件下运营的组织中,电子信任在加强员工动态能力对员工工作绩效的影响方面的作用。方法:基于员工动态能力模型进行实证研究。为了验证潜在的关系,我们对位于波兰、意大利和美国的1200个组织进行了实证研究。这些公司是在有目的的方式的基础上选择的。本研究采用结构化问卷,并采用计算机辅助网络访谈(CAWI)方法。对调查中使用的量表进行了可靠性测试,然后使用IBM SPSS AMOS进行了多组路径分析。对模型进行了验证,确认了变量之间假定的关系。研究发现:在P-J契合度、工作动机、工作满意度和工作敬业度介导的黑天鹅事件危机下,电子信任水平越高,电子信任对组织工作绩效的影响越强。启示:本研究有助于当前的管理知识,特别是人力资源管理。在理论方面,描述了在黑天鹅事件造成的危机的困难条件下影响工作绩效的因素之间的关系。另一方面,从实际的角度来看,关于如何在远程工作中塑造领导行为的指示,特别是强调电子信任方面,似乎很重要。原创性与价值:本研究丰富了现有员工动态能力模型的思考。本文指出并讨论了电子信任因素(电子领导的重要组成部分)在影响该模型的背景下所起的作用。这些结论是在远程工作中管理员工知识发展的坚实一步,这不仅成为了危机时期的解决方案,而且也永久地引入了当前的工作组织。
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引用次数: 1
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Journal of Entrepreneurship Management and Innovation
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