Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/19376529.2022.2050525
Nelson Ribeiro
Communication technologies have played a central role in the rise and fall of empires throughout history. Harold Innis’s (1950) pioneering work offers a broad view on the phenomenon, through a comprehensive analysis that extends from stone and papyrus to the printing press. However, when considering the empires of the 20 century, no other communication technology was more influential than broadcasting, which was used to promote and to fight colonialism and different political ideologies. The center stage assumed by radio in the interwar period led European imperial nations to be among the first group of countries to invest in overseas broadcasting, aiming to unite the home countries with those living in the far reaches of the empires. The audio medium was then perceived as a powerful tool for creating “a sense of national heritage and history” (Hilmes, 2002, p. 10) within national borders but also overseas in territories under European domain mostly in Africa, Asia and the West Indies, where a community of white expats were believed to be eagerly expecting to be kept in contact with the home countries. Imperial broadcasting was, from its inception, a problematic operation for many reasons, starting with the stations’ lack of knowledge about those who were actually tuning in to the transmissions. This led the stations to depend on the feedback from listeners living overseas and who, in the Dutch, British and Portuguese cases, wrote to the broadcasters from the early days of the transmissions (Kuitenbrouwer, 2016; Potter, 2021; Ribeiro, 2014). While ceremonial events were prioritized for their potential of creating a sentimental bond among expatriates in the colonies, light entertainment, news and informative talks also made up a significant portion of the programming schedules. One of the characteristics shared by imperial broadcasters until the end of the Second World War was their lack of interest and/or capacity to reach the majority of the colonial population who did not speak European languages. In many territories under European domain, namely in Africa, language fragmentation was the norm, which made it difficult and expensive to reach non-Europeans. The large investments required to broadcast in different JOURNAL OF RADIO & AUDIO MEDIA 2022, VOL. 29, NO. 1, 5–9 https://doi.org/10.1080/19376529.2022.2050525
{"title":"Introduction: Researching (Post)Colonial Broadcasting","authors":"Nelson Ribeiro","doi":"10.1080/19376529.2022.2050525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19376529.2022.2050525","url":null,"abstract":"Communication technologies have played a central role in the rise and fall of empires throughout history. Harold Innis’s (1950) pioneering work offers a broad view on the phenomenon, through a comprehensive analysis that extends from stone and papyrus to the printing press. However, when considering the empires of the 20 century, no other communication technology was more influential than broadcasting, which was used to promote and to fight colonialism and different political ideologies. The center stage assumed by radio in the interwar period led European imperial nations to be among the first group of countries to invest in overseas broadcasting, aiming to unite the home countries with those living in the far reaches of the empires. The audio medium was then perceived as a powerful tool for creating “a sense of national heritage and history” (Hilmes, 2002, p. 10) within national borders but also overseas in territories under European domain mostly in Africa, Asia and the West Indies, where a community of white expats were believed to be eagerly expecting to be kept in contact with the home countries. Imperial broadcasting was, from its inception, a problematic operation for many reasons, starting with the stations’ lack of knowledge about those who were actually tuning in to the transmissions. This led the stations to depend on the feedback from listeners living overseas and who, in the Dutch, British and Portuguese cases, wrote to the broadcasters from the early days of the transmissions (Kuitenbrouwer, 2016; Potter, 2021; Ribeiro, 2014). While ceremonial events were prioritized for their potential of creating a sentimental bond among expatriates in the colonies, light entertainment, news and informative talks also made up a significant portion of the programming schedules. One of the characteristics shared by imperial broadcasters until the end of the Second World War was their lack of interest and/or capacity to reach the majority of the colonial population who did not speak European languages. In many territories under European domain, namely in Africa, language fragmentation was the norm, which made it difficult and expensive to reach non-Europeans. The large investments required to broadcast in different JOURNAL OF RADIO & AUDIO MEDIA 2022, VOL. 29, NO. 1, 5–9 https://doi.org/10.1080/19376529.2022.2050525","PeriodicalId":44611,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radio & Audio Media","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47907651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/19376529.2021.2019744
Morten Michelsen
ABSTRACT In this article, I investigate how colonized cultures were presented to “home” radio audiences through sound (music, speech, sound montages) during the inter-war years. The focus is on how a small group of broadcasts containing musical representations of the colonies of Greenland and India afforded the imaginative work and temporary imagined communities to Austrian, Danish, and British radio listeners in relation to the spatiality and otherness of distant peoples and locations. I suggest a typology of four modes of musical representation in broadcasts reaching from the European tradition of musical exoticism to the use of recordings of indigenous music. Biography: Morten Michelsen is a popular music scholar and professor of musicology at Aarhus University. His research interests include popular music and mediation, music radio and sound studies, historical radio studies, questions of taste and music criticism, and popular music historiography. 2013–2018 he led the research project A Century of Radio and Music In Denmark ( www.Ramund.ikk.ku.dk) and contributed to other large research projects concerned with radio. Among his recent publications on sound, music, and radio are three anthologies on music radio, including Tunes for All? (Aarhus University Press, 2018) on Danish music radio and Music Radio: Building Communities, Mediating Genres (Routledge, 2019) on international music radio.
{"title":"Between Exoticism and Ethnomusicology: Musical Representations of Greenland and India on European Interwar Radio","authors":"Morten Michelsen","doi":"10.1080/19376529.2021.2019744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19376529.2021.2019744","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this article, I investigate how colonized cultures were presented to “home” radio audiences through sound (music, speech, sound montages) during the inter-war years. The focus is on how a small group of broadcasts containing musical representations of the colonies of Greenland and India afforded the imaginative work and temporary imagined communities to Austrian, Danish, and British radio listeners in relation to the spatiality and otherness of distant peoples and locations. I suggest a typology of four modes of musical representation in broadcasts reaching from the European tradition of musical exoticism to the use of recordings of indigenous music. Biography: Morten Michelsen is a popular music scholar and professor of musicology at Aarhus University. His research interests include popular music and mediation, music radio and sound studies, historical radio studies, questions of taste and music criticism, and popular music historiography. 2013–2018 he led the research project A Century of Radio and Music In Denmark ( www.Ramund.ikk.ku.dk) and contributed to other large research projects concerned with radio. Among his recent publications on sound, music, and radio are three anthologies on music radio, including Tunes for All? (Aarhus University Press, 2018) on Danish music radio and Music Radio: Building Communities, Mediating Genres (Routledge, 2019) on international music radio.","PeriodicalId":44611,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radio & Audio Media","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43608591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/19376529.2022.2035730
Darmanto, Masduki, Hari Wiryawan
ABSTRACT This paper discusses how radio during the last decade of Dutch colonial era had served as an agent of nationalism in Indonesia. This paper applies a literature study using a historical approach that focused on Soloche Radio Vereeniging (SRV) and the Eastern Radio network, which were operational from the 1930s to the 1940s. The results suggest that SRV and Eastern Radio network during the Dutch colonial period served as tools of cultural resistance against the domination of European culture. Radio broadcasting was an alternative form of cultural diplomacy that promoted the birth of Indonesia, which had become free from colonialism.
摘要本文讨论了荷兰殖民时代最后十年的广播如何成为印尼民族主义的推动者。本文采用历史方法对20世纪30年代至40年代运营的Soloche Radio Vereeniging（SRV）和Eastern Radio network进行了文献研究。研究结果表明，SRV和东方广播网在荷兰殖民时期是文化反抗欧洲文化统治的工具。无线电广播是文化外交的另一种形式，促进了摆脱殖民主义的印度尼西亚的诞生。
{"title":"Radio Broadcasting and Indonesian Nationalism: During the Last Decade of Dutch Colonialism","authors":"Darmanto, Masduki, Hari Wiryawan","doi":"10.1080/19376529.2022.2035730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19376529.2022.2035730","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper discusses how radio during the last decade of Dutch colonial era had served as an agent of nationalism in Indonesia. This paper applies a literature study using a historical approach that focused on Soloche Radio Vereeniging (SRV) and the Eastern Radio network, which were operational from the 1930s to the 1940s. The results suggest that SRV and Eastern Radio network during the Dutch colonial period served as tools of cultural resistance against the domination of European culture. Radio broadcasting was an alternative form of cultural diplomacy that promoted the birth of Indonesia, which had become free from colonialism.","PeriodicalId":44611,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radio & Audio Media","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44859840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-17DOI: 10.1080/19376529.2021.1998066
Natália Oliveira Ferreira, Mark Turin
ABSTRACT This article offers a critical review of Brazil’s Indigenous language broadcasting landscape, from traditional analogue transmission to podcasts and online radio. The study introduces Brazil’s Indigenous linguistic diversity and locates the current vitality of Indigenous languages within Brazil’s constitutional provisions and broadcasting legislation that both support and impede programming in languages other than Portuguese. Following an assessment of media penetration and uptake, and a contrastive review of four Brazilian radio stations that have either substantial Indigenous content or a dedicated focus on Indigenous issues, the article concludes with an assessment of the outlook and challenges for programming in this sector.
{"title":"Rádios Indígenas: Brazil’s Indigenous Language Broadcasting Landscape","authors":"Natália Oliveira Ferreira, Mark Turin","doi":"10.1080/19376529.2021.1998066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19376529.2021.1998066","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article offers a critical review of Brazil’s Indigenous language broadcasting landscape, from traditional analogue transmission to podcasts and online radio. The study introduces Brazil’s Indigenous linguistic diversity and locates the current vitality of Indigenous languages within Brazil’s constitutional provisions and broadcasting legislation that both support and impede programming in languages other than Portuguese. Following an assessment of media penetration and uptake, and a contrastive review of four Brazilian radio stations that have either substantial Indigenous content or a dedicated focus on Indigenous issues, the article concludes with an assessment of the outlook and challenges for programming in this sector.","PeriodicalId":44611,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radio & Audio Media","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43148286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-02DOI: 10.1080/19376529.2021.2001470
Amit Verma
{"title":"Community Radio in South Asia: Reclaiming the Airwaves","authors":"Amit Verma","doi":"10.1080/19376529.2021.2001470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19376529.2021.2001470","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44611,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radio & Audio Media","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48298612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-02DOI: 10.1080/19376529.2021.1986046
M. Delport
ABSTRACT Radio presenting is a rewarding yet challenging undertaking for novice and experienced radio personalities. Self-efficacy, a key determinant of performance, is an under-researched psychological variable that may influence radio presenters’ performance in a highly competitive industry. This study explored the self-efficacy beliefs of radio personalities at a community radio station in central South Africa. Eleven semi-structured face-to-face interviews were conducted and analyzed by means of directive coding. The findings in this study unpack the factors that impact positively and negatively on self-efficacy beliefs and may help navigate station management toward rendering the necessary support in empowering and retaining these employees.
{"title":"“You Should Rather Return to Your First Job.” The Self-efficacy Beliefs of Radio Personalities","authors":"M. Delport","doi":"10.1080/19376529.2021.1986046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19376529.2021.1986046","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Radio presenting is a rewarding yet challenging undertaking for novice and experienced radio personalities. Self-efficacy, a key determinant of performance, is an under-researched psychological variable that may influence radio presenters’ performance in a highly competitive industry. This study explored the self-efficacy beliefs of radio personalities at a community radio station in central South Africa. Eleven semi-structured face-to-face interviews were conducted and analyzed by means of directive coding. The findings in this study unpack the factors that impact positively and negatively on self-efficacy beliefs and may help navigate station management toward rendering the necessary support in empowering and retaining these employees.","PeriodicalId":44611,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radio & Audio Media","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47171113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-29DOI: 10.1080/19376529.2021.1970167
K. Curran
Abstract Cross-border targeted radio is evident among listeners to South Asian and Christian stations in Vancouver, BC. Canada’s earlier restrictions on religious stations left Vancouver faithful with only U.S.-licensed stations. This study also chronicles the struggle to get Canadian South Asian stations on the air. South Asian programming for Vancouver started on U.S.-licensed stations. When Canadian regulators approved South Asian stations, they also tried to move against the American stations. It will be shown that listeners will find what they want on the radio dial in spite of a station’s location and station operators took advantage of many loopholes.
{"title":"Cross-Border Targeted Radio in Vancouver-Bellingham: Differing Treatments of South Asian and Christian Broadcasters","authors":"K. Curran","doi":"10.1080/19376529.2021.1970167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19376529.2021.1970167","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Cross-border targeted radio is evident among listeners to South Asian and Christian stations in Vancouver, BC. Canada’s earlier restrictions on religious stations left Vancouver faithful with only U.S.-licensed stations. This study also chronicles the struggle to get Canadian South Asian stations on the air. South Asian programming for Vancouver started on U.S.-licensed stations. When Canadian regulators approved South Asian stations, they also tried to move against the American stations. It will be shown that listeners will find what they want on the radio dial in spite of a station’s location and station operators took advantage of many loopholes.","PeriodicalId":44611,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radio & Audio Media","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49117666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-29DOI: 10.1080/19376529.2021.1982947
Amit Verma
Community Radio is a radio station that broadcasts content for local audiences frequently missed by mainstream and mass media channels across the country. It has played an important part in develop...
{"title":"Other Voices The Struggle for Community Radio in India","authors":"Amit Verma","doi":"10.1080/19376529.2021.1982947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19376529.2021.1982947","url":null,"abstract":"Community Radio is a radio station that broadcasts content for local audiences frequently missed by mainstream and mass media channels across the country. It has played an important part in develop...","PeriodicalId":44611,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radio & Audio Media","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47031147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-29DOI: 10.1080/19376529.2021.1960352
Fırat Tufan, Sedat Kökat, Zeynep Bal
Abstract This study focuses on freedom of expression among university radio stations in Turkey. Our aim is to reveal the obstacles university radio stations face in speaking freely and to propose a solution to them. We take our conceptual framework from the Habermasian public sphere and focus on the practice of speaking on the radio. Using a qualitative analysis method, we conducted in-depth interviews with the managers of 34 university radio stations in 21 different cities in Turkey. We found that there are many obstacles to freedom of speech facing university radio stations in Turkey.
{"title":"Sweeping the Traces of Habermasian Public Sphere in University Radio Stations: A Research from Turkey","authors":"Fırat Tufan, Sedat Kökat, Zeynep Bal","doi":"10.1080/19376529.2021.1960352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19376529.2021.1960352","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study focuses on freedom of expression among university radio stations in Turkey. Our aim is to reveal the obstacles university radio stations face in speaking freely and to propose a solution to them. We take our conceptual framework from the Habermasian public sphere and focus on the practice of speaking on the radio. Using a qualitative analysis method, we conducted in-depth interviews with the managers of 34 university radio stations in 21 different cities in Turkey. We found that there are many obstacles to freedom of speech facing university radio stations in Turkey.","PeriodicalId":44611,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radio & Audio Media","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47594405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-27DOI: 10.1080/19376529.2021.1974446
L. Vitis, Vanessa Ryan
Abstract True crime podcasts (TCPs) are increasingly saturating the Australian media landscape. The most downloaded podcast in the country is the TCP, Casefile and overall true crime is a popular podcast genre. Despite this, there is limited Australian research exploring the perspectives of TCP listeners. Using data from a survey of 124 university students, this article identifies popular subject matter, listening patterns and stylistic attributes of TCPs. Additionally, listener motivations and perceptions are identified. This paper highlights the importance of critically examining Australian TCPs as contemporary sites of information and pleasure that the public may regard as authoritative resources on crime.
{"title":"True Crime Podcasts in Australia: Examining Listening Patterns and Listener Perceptions","authors":"L. Vitis, Vanessa Ryan","doi":"10.1080/19376529.2021.1974446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19376529.2021.1974446","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract True crime podcasts (TCPs) are increasingly saturating the Australian media landscape. The most downloaded podcast in the country is the TCP, Casefile and overall true crime is a popular podcast genre. Despite this, there is limited Australian research exploring the perspectives of TCP listeners. Using data from a survey of 124 university students, this article identifies popular subject matter, listening patterns and stylistic attributes of TCPs. Additionally, listener motivations and perceptions are identified. This paper highlights the importance of critically examining Australian TCPs as contemporary sites of information and pleasure that the public may regard as authoritative resources on crime.","PeriodicalId":44611,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radio & Audio Media","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42463790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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