Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.1177/09754253211040206
Atika Almira, M. Eerd
In Chennai, Development-Induced Displacement and Resettlement (DIDR) pushes the urban poor to resettlement sites in the outskirts of the city. One of those sites is Kannagi Nagar, located 15 km from the city centre, in which women suffer from more significant livelihood deprivation. As there is evidence of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) being useful in development, this study aims to explain the role of ICT in the livelihood restoration and enhancement of the social and financial capital for women in Kannagi Nagar. Through a case study with a blend of quantitative and qualitative techniques, the research incorporated a closed-ended questionnaire survey and interviews. Among the women, ICT use is prevalent, however, they have not fully optimized the potentials of ICT for livelihood restoration. The use is still limited to the purpose of maintaining the contacts they already have. However, some women have been able to use ICT, especially through their phones, for the restoration and enhancement of their social and financial capital. Nonetheless, to harness the full potential of ICT and strengthen women’s agency, access to ICT should be improved.
{"title":"Connecting the Disconnected: The Role of ICT in Women’s Livelihood Restoration in the Resettlement Site Kannagi Nagar in Chennai, India","authors":"Atika Almira, M. Eerd","doi":"10.1177/09754253211040206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09754253211040206","url":null,"abstract":"In Chennai, Development-Induced Displacement and Resettlement (DIDR) pushes the urban poor to resettlement sites in the outskirts of the city. One of those sites is Kannagi Nagar, located 15 km from the city centre, in which women suffer from more significant livelihood deprivation. As there is evidence of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) being useful in development, this study aims to explain the role of ICT in the livelihood restoration and enhancement of the social and financial capital for women in Kannagi Nagar. Through a case study with a blend of quantitative and qualitative techniques, the research incorporated a closed-ended questionnaire survey and interviews. Among the women, ICT use is prevalent, however, they have not fully optimized the potentials of ICT for livelihood restoration. The use is still limited to the purpose of maintaining the contacts they already have. However, some women have been able to use ICT, especially through their phones, for the restoration and enhancement of their social and financial capital. Nonetheless, to harness the full potential of ICT and strengthen women’s agency, access to ICT should be improved.","PeriodicalId":44690,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Urbanization ASIA","volume":"12 1","pages":"323 - 343"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41348918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.1177/0975425321990318
Channamma Kambara, Indrajit Bairagya
This article explores whether there exists any difference in the earnings of self-employed migrant and native street vendors in a metro city, and if so, in what ways this difference is prominent. In order to accomplish the objective, we have collected data from women street vendors from Bengaluru city. The results depict that although there is no significant difference in the earnings between native and migrant street vendors, a significant difference exists in the size of investments made by them, that is, to earn the same amount of income, migrants need to invest more than natives. Moreover, the results, based on the Oaxaca–Blinder decomposition method, indicate that the pre-labour market endowment factors do not make a significant contribution to the overall difference in the rate of returns. The difference, instead, mainly exists because of the coefficient differences, which can be attributed to discrimination.
{"title":"Earnings and Investment Differentials Between Migrants and Natives: A Study of Female Street Vendors in Bengaluru City","authors":"Channamma Kambara, Indrajit Bairagya","doi":"10.1177/0975425321990318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0975425321990318","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores whether there exists any difference in the earnings of self-employed migrant and native street vendors in a metro city, and if so, in what ways this difference is prominent. In order to accomplish the objective, we have collected data from women street vendors from Bengaluru city. The results depict that although there is no significant difference in the earnings between native and migrant street vendors, a significant difference exists in the size of investments made by them, that is, to earn the same amount of income, migrants need to invest more than natives. Moreover, the results, based on the Oaxaca–Blinder decomposition method, indicate that the pre-labour market endowment factors do not make a significant contribution to the overall difference in the rate of returns. The difference, instead, mainly exists because of the coefficient differences, which can be attributed to discrimination.","PeriodicalId":44690,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Urbanization ASIA","volume":"12 1","pages":"56 - 72"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0975425321990318","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45160066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.1177/0975425321990383
Nguyen Quang Phuc, A. V. van Westen, A. Zoomers
The purpose of this study is to investigate the determinants of household income following the loss of land owing to urban expansion in central Vietnam. Using data mainly from household surveys in the peri-urban areas of Hue city, the regression model indicates that demographic factors and livelihood strategy choices have important impacts on household income; financial compensation and support packages do not appear to be strong determinants of household income after the loss of land. This implies a failure of the current compensation programmes in the process of compulsory land acquisition, because the government believes that compensation packages make important contributions to livelihood reconstruction. This study suggests that investing in education and skill training for household members affected by land loss as well as assistance in converting compensation money into an adequate livelihood should be taken into consideration.
{"title":"Land Loss with Compensation: What Are the Determinants of Income Among Households in Central Vietnam?","authors":"Nguyen Quang Phuc, A. V. van Westen, A. Zoomers","doi":"10.1177/0975425321990383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0975425321990383","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to investigate the determinants of household income following the loss of land owing to urban expansion in central Vietnam. Using data mainly from household surveys in the peri-urban areas of Hue city, the regression model indicates that demographic factors and livelihood strategy choices have important impacts on household income; financial compensation and support packages do not appear to be strong determinants of household income after the loss of land. This implies a failure of the current compensation programmes in the process of compulsory land acquisition, because the government believes that compensation packages make important contributions to livelihood reconstruction. This study suggests that investing in education and skill training for household members affected by land loss as well as assistance in converting compensation money into an adequate livelihood should be taken into consideration.","PeriodicalId":44690,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Urbanization ASIA","volume":"12 1","pages":"40 - 55"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0975425321990383","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46902902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.1177/0975425321999081
Ya Ping Wang, K. Kintrea
This EUA special issue includes eight city-based articles on ‘Changes in Land Use and Land Cover in Cities of the Global South’. These cities are case studies of a UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) supported Global Challenge Research Fund (GCRF) project on Sustainable, Healthy and Learning Cities and Neighbourhoods (SHLC). The work presented here is part of the stage two outputs of the SHLC study. Work from first stage of the SHLC project – City Profiles - was also published in an earlier special issue of EUA (10.2 2019). In this Prologue, we set out the background context for these analyses of urban land cover and land use changes and address the question: why is it important to study urban expansion/sprawl and land use changes in Asia and Africa? We first outline the recent trend of urbanization, expansion/sprawl and land use changes and their implications. We then discuss the limitation of planning in developing countries in regulating expansion and sprawl and emphasize the importance of research on land use changes and urban neighbourhoods.
{"title":"Urban Expansion and Land Use Changes in Asia and Africa","authors":"Ya Ping Wang, K. Kintrea","doi":"10.1177/0975425321999081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0975425321999081","url":null,"abstract":"This EUA special issue includes eight city-based articles on ‘Changes in Land Use and Land Cover in Cities of the Global South’. These cities are case studies of a UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) supported Global Challenge Research Fund (GCRF) project on Sustainable, Healthy and Learning Cities and Neighbourhoods (SHLC). The work presented here is part of the stage two outputs of the SHLC study. Work from first stage of the SHLC project – City Profiles - was also published in an earlier special issue of EUA (10.2 2019). In this Prologue, we set out the background context for these analyses of urban land cover and land use changes and address the question: why is it important to study urban expansion/sprawl and land use changes in Asia and Africa? We first outline the recent trend of urbanization, expansion/sprawl and land use changes and their implications. We then discuss the limitation of planning in developing countries in regulating expansion and sprawl and emphasize the importance of research on land use changes and urban neighbourhoods.","PeriodicalId":44690,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Urbanization ASIA","volume":"12 1","pages":"S13 - S17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0975425321999081","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46030052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.1177/0975425321990319
Md. Anwar Hossain, R. Huggins
This study explores how rapid industrialization alongside a lack of regulatory controls through policy and planning encourages unplanned rapid urbanization in suburban areas. Taking Konabari–Kashimpur, a rapidly growing suburban area of the Greater Dhaka Region (GDR) as a case study, data has been collected through 16 key informant interviews and a questionnaire survey of 359 households in the area. The study finds that the readymade garment industry plays a significant role in the growth of this area. Negative externalities in the core area, the availability of large land parcels at a cheaper price, abundant labour supply and good transport connectivity to the core city make it favourable for industrialization. It is further found that industrialization and the forms of development taking place have largely occurred in an unplanned manner. Low-skilled and labour-intensive industry-driven growth has produced mixed-use intense development dominated by industrial and low-class residential uses. The impact of such growth on the suburban natural environment, infrastructure and society is found to be significant. The natural environment has been destroyed to provide land for industry and housing for workers. Basic service infrastructure and urban amenities have not increased proportionately to the growth of activities and the population. Moreover, the absence of a planning authority and land use regulations has worsened the situation further. It is concluded that the provision of basic infrastructure through planned intervention is required for sustainable urbanization.
{"title":"The Environmental and Social Impacts of Unplanned and Rapid Industrialization in Suburban Areas: The Case of the Greater Dhaka Region, Bangladesh","authors":"Md. Anwar Hossain, R. Huggins","doi":"10.1177/0975425321990319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0975425321990319","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores how rapid industrialization alongside a lack of regulatory controls through policy and planning encourages unplanned rapid urbanization in suburban areas. Taking Konabari–Kashimpur, a rapidly growing suburban area of the Greater Dhaka Region (GDR) as a case study, data has been collected through 16 key informant interviews and a questionnaire survey of 359 households in the area. The study finds that the readymade garment industry plays a significant role in the growth of this area. Negative externalities in the core area, the availability of large land parcels at a cheaper price, abundant labour supply and good transport connectivity to the core city make it favourable for industrialization. It is further found that industrialization and the forms of development taking place have largely occurred in an unplanned manner. Low-skilled and labour-intensive industry-driven growth has produced mixed-use intense development dominated by industrial and low-class residential uses. The impact of such growth on the suburban natural environment, infrastructure and society is found to be significant. The natural environment has been destroyed to provide land for industry and housing for workers. Basic service infrastructure and urban amenities have not increased proportionately to the growth of activities and the population. Moreover, the absence of a planning authority and land use regulations has worsened the situation further. It is concluded that the provision of basic infrastructure through planned intervention is required for sustainable urbanization.","PeriodicalId":44690,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Urbanization ASIA","volume":"12 1","pages":"73 - 89"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0975425321990319","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47430630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.1177/0975425321997776
Czarina Saloma, E. Akpedonu, Cherie Audrey Alfiler, M. Sahakian
Leisure practices have implications for belonging. In Metro Manila, a rapidly urbanizing metropolis, leisure is becoming increasingly associated with the most ubiquitous hyper-conditioned environments: privately owned shopping malls. By decontextualizing the built environment from its natural and cultural settings, these malls present a challenge to establishing a sense of belonging within a metropolis. Yet, despite its ubiquity, the mall has not fully displaced outdoor spaces, especially public green spaces, as sites of leisure. What do leisure practices in these two seemingly contrasting environments reveal about belonging in a metropolis? Some answers to these questions are to be found in a socio-material reading of leisure spaces, which reveal how belonging is not only created by actors and social institutions but also by spaces, objects, technologies, infrastructure and the microclimate. On the basis of a qualitative study, our findings demonstrate why public green spaces are more conducive than hyper-conditioned environments for fostering a sense of belonging together and to the metropolis.
{"title":"Locating Leisure and Belonging in Metro Manila: From Hyper-conditioned Environments to Public Green Spaces","authors":"Czarina Saloma, E. Akpedonu, Cherie Audrey Alfiler, M. Sahakian","doi":"10.1177/0975425321997776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0975425321997776","url":null,"abstract":"Leisure practices have implications for belonging. In Metro Manila, a rapidly urbanizing metropolis, leisure is becoming increasingly associated with the most ubiquitous hyper-conditioned environments: privately owned shopping malls. By decontextualizing the built environment from its natural and cultural settings, these malls present a challenge to establishing a sense of belonging within a metropolis. Yet, despite its ubiquity, the mall has not fully displaced outdoor spaces, especially public green spaces, as sites of leisure. What do leisure practices in these two seemingly contrasting environments reveal about belonging in a metropolis? Some answers to these questions are to be found in a socio-material reading of leisure spaces, which reveal how belonging is not only created by actors and social institutions but also by spaces, objects, technologies, infrastructure and the microclimate. On the basis of a qualitative study, our findings demonstrate why public green spaces are more conducive than hyper-conditioned environments for fostering a sense of belonging together and to the metropolis.","PeriodicalId":44690,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Urbanization ASIA","volume":"12 1","pages":"104 - 117"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0975425321997776","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43576874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.1177/0975425321997971
G. Nduwayezu, Vincent Manirakiza, Leon Mugabe, J. Malonza
Kigali is a rapidly growing city, as exemplified by the phenomenal increase of its inhabitants from 358,200 in 1996 to 1,630,657 in 2017. Nevertheless, there is a paucity of detailed analytical information about the processes and factors driving unprecedented urban growth in the period following the genocide perpetrated against the Tutsi (1994) and its impact on the natural environment. This article, therefore, analyses the growth of the city of Kigali with respect to its post-genocide spatial and demographic dimensions. The methodology involves a quantification of urban growth over the period of the last 30 years using remote-sensing imagery coupled with demographic data drawn from different sources. The analysis of land cover trends shows how significant the pressure of urban expansion has been on the natural environment, with a 14 per cent decrease in open land between 1999 and 2018. Spatially, the average annual growth rate was almost 10.24 per cent during the same period. This growth is associated with the building of a large number of institutions, schools and industries. Moreover, the increase in low-income residents led to the construction of bungalows expanding on large suburbs and the development of new sub-centres in the periphery instead of high-rise apartments.
{"title":"Urban Growth and Land Use/Land Cover Changes in the Post-Genocide Period, Kigali, Rwanda","authors":"G. Nduwayezu, Vincent Manirakiza, Leon Mugabe, J. Malonza","doi":"10.1177/0975425321997971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0975425321997971","url":null,"abstract":"Kigali is a rapidly growing city, as exemplified by the phenomenal increase of its inhabitants from 358,200 in 1996 to 1,630,657 in 2017. Nevertheless, there is a paucity of detailed analytical information about the processes and factors driving unprecedented urban growth in the period following the genocide perpetrated against the Tutsi (1994) and its impact on the natural environment. This article, therefore, analyses the growth of the city of Kigali with respect to its post-genocide spatial and demographic dimensions. The methodology involves a quantification of urban growth over the period of the last 30 years using remote-sensing imagery coupled with demographic data drawn from different sources. The analysis of land cover trends shows how significant the pressure of urban expansion has been on the natural environment, with a 14 per cent decrease in open land between 1999 and 2018. Spatially, the average annual growth rate was almost 10.24 per cent during the same period. This growth is associated with the building of a large number of institutions, schools and industries. Moreover, the increase in low-income residents led to the construction of bungalows expanding on large suburbs and the development of new sub-centres in the periphery instead of high-rise apartments.","PeriodicalId":44690,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Urbanization ASIA","volume":"12 1","pages":"S127 - S146"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0975425321997971","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49438600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.1177/0975425321990385
S. M. T. Ranman, Md. Ahsan-Ul Kabir
This study explores the role of small and medium enterprise (SME) clusters in urban–rural linkages, an increasingly acceptable strategy in policy planning for regional development. As this approach to development has mostly been studied from a macro perspective, there is paucity of research from a micro perspective, particularly in the context of Bangladesh. This study, thus, aims to explore the contribution of manufacturing SME industry clusters in linking urban and rural regions. The data used in the study has been collected from 119 SME entrepreneurs using a structured questionnaire. Factor analysis and logistic regression have been applied to explore the contribution of industrial clusters in urban–rural linkages, focusing on the city of Khulna as the study area. The findings show that such SME clusters can positively contribute towards linking the two territories through two main forces, namely, funds and mobility. The findings provide useful insights for policymakers and urban planners to take initiatives for identifying and developing such SME industry clusters instead of focusing on the development of large industries, both in urban and rural areas to enhance balanced regional development. In highlighting the contribution of SME industry cluster as a micro level actor in the process of urban-rural integration, the study aims to make a meaningful contribution to literature in the field of development planning.
{"title":"Role of Small and Medium Enterprise Clusters in Urban–Rural Linkage: A Study Based on Manufacturing SMEs of Khulna City, Bangladesh","authors":"S. M. T. Ranman, Md. Ahsan-Ul Kabir","doi":"10.1177/0975425321990385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0975425321990385","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the role of small and medium enterprise (SME) clusters in urban–rural linkages, an increasingly acceptable strategy in policy planning for regional development. As this approach to development has mostly been studied from a macro perspective, there is paucity of research from a micro perspective, particularly in the context of Bangladesh. This study, thus, aims to explore the contribution of manufacturing SME industry clusters in linking urban and rural regions. The data used in the study has been collected from 119 SME entrepreneurs using a structured questionnaire. Factor analysis and logistic regression have been applied to explore the contribution of industrial clusters in urban–rural linkages, focusing on the city of Khulna as the study area. The findings show that such SME clusters can positively contribute towards linking the two territories through two main forces, namely, funds and mobility. The findings provide useful insights for policymakers and urban planners to take initiatives for identifying and developing such SME industry clusters instead of focusing on the development of large industries, both in urban and rural areas to enhance balanced regional development. In highlighting the contribution of SME industry cluster as a micro level actor in the process of urban-rural integration, the study aims to make a meaningful contribution to literature in the field of development planning.","PeriodicalId":44690,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Urbanization ASIA","volume":"12 1","pages":"27 - 39"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0975425321990385","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49230449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.1177/0975425321997995
Shilpi Roy, Tanjil Sowgat, S. Islam, Nafisa Anjum
Dhaka’s sprawled area is likely to supersede the total land area of the Dhaka city in the near future. This article combines quantitative and qualitative methods to investigate sustainability concerns that have arisen because of irregular and rapid sprawling in Dhaka. Land cover change detection reveals that since 1991, the city outskirts have seen an addition of 234 square kilometres of built-up area. Spatial metrics show the dynamic process of infill and the fragmented transformation of land covers in Dhaka, which have led to low-density, leapfrog and ribbon sprawling. The city outskirts, especially the economically advantaged regions, have been observing rapid urban densification of neighbourhoods. Field observation and interviews in 19 sprawled areas confirm that the change has been influenced by industrialization, increasing demand for housing, high cost of living in Dhaka city, growing population and lack of development control regulations. The advantage of the sprawling process is that it offers economic opportunities, contributing to poverty reduction and national economic growth. However, the abrupt and sporadic nature of this transformation puts the long term economic and environmental viability of new business activities and habitation into question. Congested housing, poor accessibility, inadequate drainage system and sanitation facilities in sprawled areas have resulted in poor liveability and created social inequality, thus impeding the way for a sustainable urban transformation of peri-urban Dhaka. This article calls for a greater acknowledgement of sustainability concerns in development control regulations and a more inclusive form of governance to deal with existing sustainability challenges for Dhaka city and its rapidly transforming peripheral region.
{"title":"Sustainability Challenges for Sprawling Dhaka","authors":"Shilpi Roy, Tanjil Sowgat, S. Islam, Nafisa Anjum","doi":"10.1177/0975425321997995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0975425321997995","url":null,"abstract":"Dhaka’s sprawled area is likely to supersede the total land area of the Dhaka city in the near future. This article combines quantitative and qualitative methods to investigate sustainability concerns that have arisen because of irregular and rapid sprawling in Dhaka. Land cover change detection reveals that since 1991, the city outskirts have seen an addition of 234 square kilometres of built-up area. Spatial metrics show the dynamic process of infill and the fragmented transformation of land covers in Dhaka, which have led to low-density, leapfrog and ribbon sprawling. The city outskirts, especially the economically advantaged regions, have been observing rapid urban densification of neighbourhoods. Field observation and interviews in 19 sprawled areas confirm that the change has been influenced by industrialization, increasing demand for housing, high cost of living in Dhaka city, growing population and lack of development control regulations. The advantage of the sprawling process is that it offers economic opportunities, contributing to poverty reduction and national economic growth. However, the abrupt and sporadic nature of this transformation puts the long term economic and environmental viability of new business activities and habitation into question. Congested housing, poor accessibility, inadequate drainage system and sanitation facilities in sprawled areas have resulted in poor liveability and created social inequality, thus impeding the way for a sustainable urban transformation of peri-urban Dhaka. This article calls for a greater acknowledgement of sustainability concerns in development control regulations and a more inclusive form of governance to deal with existing sustainability challenges for Dhaka city and its rapidly transforming peripheral region.","PeriodicalId":44690,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Urbanization ASIA","volume":"12 1","pages":"S59 - S84"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0975425321997995","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46180902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.1177/0975425321990326
Farimah Sadat Jamali, S. Khaledi, M. Razavian
Urban green infrastructure (GI) approach supports building resilience, mitigating greenhouse gases emissions and adapting to the impacts of climate change. However, the development and maintenance of GI in semi-arid cities can be hindered by limitations such as available water resources. In this article, we study priority areas for GI development schemes at the neighbourhood scale through a seasonal vulnerability framework with the case study of two urban districts in the semi-arid city of Tehran, Iran. Heat mitigation and stormwater runoff control are considered as the main objectives of GI development. The results show that priority areas have high levels of land surface temperature, impervious surfaces and population density, with a low proportion of vegetation land cover. The necessary GI services vary in different local climate zones (LCZ) during the year. Although heat mitigation is required in both compact and open LCZs, the runoff control service of GI is also needed for neighbourhoods with compact midrise settings. To promote sustainability at the neighbourhood scale, the findings of the study can be used for initiating nature-based solutions and GI development projects.
{"title":"Priority Areas for Developing Green Infrastructure in Semi-arid Cities: A Case Study of Tehran","authors":"Farimah Sadat Jamali, S. Khaledi, M. Razavian","doi":"10.1177/0975425321990326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0975425321990326","url":null,"abstract":"Urban green infrastructure (GI) approach supports building resilience, mitigating greenhouse gases emissions and adapting to the impacts of climate change. However, the development and maintenance of GI in semi-arid cities can be hindered by limitations such as available water resources. In this article, we study priority areas for GI development schemes at the neighbourhood scale through a seasonal vulnerability framework with the case study of two urban districts in the semi-arid city of Tehran, Iran. Heat mitigation and stormwater runoff control are considered as the main objectives of GI development. The results show that priority areas have high levels of land surface temperature, impervious surfaces and population density, with a low proportion of vegetation land cover. The necessary GI services vary in different local climate zones (LCZ) during the year. Although heat mitigation is required in both compact and open LCZs, the runoff control service of GI is also needed for neighbourhoods with compact midrise settings. To promote sustainability at the neighbourhood scale, the findings of the study can be used for initiating nature-based solutions and GI development projects.","PeriodicalId":44690,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Urbanization ASIA","volume":"12 1","pages":"118 - 135"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0975425321990326","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45783457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：