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Predicting Potential Change in Land Cover and Its Effect on the Temperature of the Land Surface: A Case Study of Khulna City Corporation, Bangladesh 土地覆盖潜在变化及其对地表温度影响的预测——以孟加拉国库尔纳市公司为例
IF 1.3 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/09754253221120876
Md. Sohel Rana, Subrota Sarkar, Md. Nazmus Sadat, T. Tabassum, Ashraf Uddin Fahim
Khulna City Corporation (KCC) has undergone rapid urban development and expansion in recent times. These changes, including the change in land surface temperature (LST) throughout the area, have significant long-term effects. This research analysed the effects of land cover changes on KCC’s LST. By using the maximum likelihood classification method, Landsat imagery investigation identified the land cover chart and determined the LST for the years 1999, 2009 and 2019. It was modelled for the simulation of land cover for the year 2029 by using the classification results and applying the multi-layer perceptron Markov (MLPM) models together. It then also modelled the LST for the year 2029 by using three thematic indices and multiple regression analysis. As a result, the KCC urban area grew by 49% between 1999 and 2019. Simulation results have shown that the KCC could possibly experience a temperature range of more than or equal to 26°C in 2029 if the recent pattern persists. For KCC, the average LST for the urban area is projected to be 27°C in 2029. The scenario shown in this article will assist urban planners in quantifying the impact of various LST change-related issues and, thus, in preparing proper strategic measures.
库尔纳城市公司(KCC)近年来经历了快速的城市发展和扩张。这些变化,包括整个地区地表温度的变化,具有显著的长期影响。本研究分析了土地覆盖变化对KCC地表温度的影响。通过使用最大似然分类方法,陆地卫星图像调查确定了1999年、2009年和2019年的土地覆盖图并确定了LST。通过使用分类结果并同时应用多层感知器马尔可夫(MLPM)模型,为2029年的土地覆盖模拟建模。然后,它还通过使用三个主题指数和多元回归分析对2029年的LST进行了建模。因此,KCC城区在1999年至2019年间增长了49%。模拟结果表明,如果最近的模式持续下去,2029年KCC可能会经历超过或等于26°C的温度范围。对于KCC,预计2029年城市地区的平均LST为27°C。本文所示的场景将有助于城市规划者量化各种LST变化相关问题的影响,从而制定适当的战略措施。
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引用次数: 3
Improving Urban Air Quality Monitoring in Delhi, India: Reflections on Low-Cost Air Quality Sensors (LCAQS) and Participatory Engagement 改善印度德里的城市空气质量监测:对低成本空气质量传感器(LCAQS)和参与式参与的思考
IF 1.3 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/09754253221122752
Arvaan Kumar, Sriroop Chaudhuri
In Delhi, the capital city of India, air pollution has been a perpetual menace to urban sustainability and public health. The present study uses a mixed-method approach to enumerate to the urban authorities: (a) the state of air pollution in the city; (b) systemic flaws in the current monitoring network; (c) potential means to bolster it; and (d) need of a participatory framework for monitoring. Information about Air Quality Index (AQI), obtained from 36 monitoring stations across Delhi is compared between 2021 (20 April–25 May; 2nd year/phase of SARS-CoV-2 lockdown), and the corresponding time periods in 2020 (1st year/phase of lockdown), and 2019 (business-as-usual) using the Mann–Whitney U Test. AQI during the 2021 lockdown (a) appeared statistically more similar (p < .01) to that of 2019 and (b) exceeded the environmental health safety benchmark for 85% days during the study period (20 April–25 May). However, this only presented a partial glimpse into the air pollution status. It owes to numerous ‘holes’ in the AQI data record (no data and/or insufficient data). Moreover, certain areas in Delhi yet have no monitoring station, or only too few, to yield a ‘representative’ estimate (inadequate spatial coverage). Such shortcomings in the existing monitoring network may deter future research and targeted/informed decision-making for pollution control. To that end, the present research offers a summary view of Low-Cost Air Quality Sensors (LCAQS), to offer the urban sustainability authorities, ‘complementary’ technique to bolster and diversify the existing network. The main advantages and disadvantages of various LCAQS sensor technologies are highlighted while emphasizing on the challenges around various calibration techniques (linear and non-linear). The final section reflects on the integration of science and technology with social dimensions of air quality monitoring and highlights key requirements for (a) community mobilization and (b) stakeholder engagement to forge a participatory systems’ design for LCAQS deployment.
在印度首都德里,空气污染一直是城市可持续性和公众健康的永久威胁。本研究采用混合方法向城市当局列举:(a)城市空气污染状况;(b)现行监测网络存在系统缺陷;(c)潜在的支持手段;(d)需要一个参与性的监测框架。从德里36个监测站获得的空气质量指数(AQI)信息在2021年(4月20日至5月25日;使用曼-惠特尼U测试,分别计算2020年(封锁第一年/阶段)和2019年(一切照旧)的相应时间段。2021年封城期间的空气质量指数(a)与2019年的空气质量指数在统计上更为相似(p < 0.01), (b)在研究期间(4月20日至5月25日)有85%的天数超过了环境健康安全基准。然而,这只是对空气污染状况的部分了解。这是由于空气质量数据记录中存在许多“漏洞”(没有数据和/或数据不足)。此外,德里的某些地区还没有监测站,或者监测站太少,无法产生“代表性”的估计(空间覆盖不足)。现有监测网的这些缺点可能妨碍今后的污染控制研究和有针对性/知情的决策。为此,本研究提供了低成本空气质量传感器(LCAQS)的概述,为城市可持续发展当局提供“补充”技术,以支持现有网络并使其多样化。强调了各种LCAQS传感器技术的主要优点和缺点,同时强调了各种校准技术(线性和非线性)的挑战。最后一部分反映了科学和技术与空气质量监测的社会层面的整合,并强调了(a)社区动员和(b)利益相关者参与的关键要求,以形成LCAQS部署的参与式系统设计。
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引用次数: 2
Is Climate Change a Topic of Concern to Indians? Assessing and Predicting Sentiments Using Deep Learning Techniques 气候变化是印度人关心的话题吗?使用深度学习技术评估和预测情绪
IF 1.3 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/09754253221120614
R. Jena
Climate change is a significant concern to all of us. It is now becoming a hot topic of discussion among people around the world with social media being a ubiquitous platform for debate. As in other countries, the Government of India has started various initiatives to minimize the causes of climate change. But the success of all such initiatives depends on people’s participation and understanding. Therefore, this study’s aims are two-fold: (a) to capture the perception of Indian people towards different topics of climate change; (b) to mine the sentiment of Indian people using ‘deep learning’ algorithms. Data from various social media platforms have been used for this research. The study showed that people in India have demonstrated concern about topics related to climate change. The study also found that the convolutional neural network (CNN) was the most effective algorithm for sentiment classification. The results can help different stakeholders, including the Government of India, prioritize various actions to mitigate climate change’s causes and effects based on citizens’ sentiment.
气候变化是我们所有人都关心的一个重大问题。随着社交媒体成为无处不在的辩论平台,它现在正成为世界各地人们讨论的热门话题。与其他国家一样,印度政府已开始采取各种举措,尽量减少气候变化的原因。但是,所有这些倡议的成功取决于人们的参与和理解。因此,本研究的目的有两个:(a)捕捉印度人民对气候变化不同主题的看法;(b) 使用“深度学习”算法挖掘印度人的情绪。来自各种社交媒体平台的数据被用于这项研究。研究表明,印度人民对与气候变化有关的话题表现出了担忧。研究还发现,卷积神经网络(CNN)是情绪分类最有效的算法。研究结果可以帮助包括印度政府在内的不同利益攸关方根据公民的情绪,优先采取各种行动来缓解气候变化的原因和影响。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of the Nature of Urban Development on Land Surface Temperature (LST) at the Neighbourhood Scale in Dhaka City, Bangladesh 孟加拉国达卡市城市发展性质对邻近地区地表温度的影响
IF 1.3 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/09754253221121299
Md. Anwar Hossain, Shahanaj Sultana, Md Rezwan Siddiqui
This study investigated the effects of the nature of urban development on land surface temperature (LST) and the strengths of different biophysical and anthropogenic factors in explaining the spatial variation of LST at the neighbourhood scale in Dhaka city, Bangladesh. Landsat 5 TM and Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) images were used to retrieve LST. The study found that the mean LST in Dhaka increased at a rate of 1.26°C per decade between 1991 and 2014. LST is found to be higher in the built-up areas, particularly in informally developed areas (i.e., slum settlements) and unplanned mixed-use areas. The OLS analysis indicates that along with bio-physical factors population density, building density and slum concentrations also have a significant effect on the spatial variation of LST at neighbourhood scales. The study findings suggest a planned development with the provision of vegetation cover and water bodies can significantly reduce the LST in Dhaka.
本研究调查了孟加拉国达卡市城市发展性质对地表温度的影响,以及不同生物物理和人为因素的强度,以解释地表温度在邻里尺度上的空间变化。陆地卫星5号TM和陆地卫星8号操作陆地成像仪(OLI)图像用于检索LST。研究发现,1991年至2014年间,达卡的平均LST以每十年1.26°C的速度增加。建成区的LST较高,特别是在非正规开发区(即贫民窟)和计划外混合用途区。OLS分析表明,除了生物物理因素外,人口密度、建筑密度和贫民窟集中度也对LST在邻里尺度上的空间变化产生了显著影响。研究结果表明,提供植被覆盖和水体的计划开发可以显著降低达卡的LST。
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引用次数: 0
The Role of the Elite in City Expansion: Nablus City in the Palestinian Central Mountains as a Case Study 精英阶层在城市扩张中的作用:巴勒斯坦中部山区纳布卢斯市的个案研究
IF 1.3 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/00699667221125902
S. Ghazal, A. Hammad, Kamal Abdulfattah
The growth of cities has been facilitated by a variety of factors. One of these is the land annexation by municipality with the assistance of elite individuals. The purpose of this study is to investigate how the elite influenced Nablus—in central Palestine Municipality’s expansion. The study scanned Nablus Municipality Archives, conducted interviews with the annexed villages’ people and used master plans to trace out the city’s expansion across time from 1960 to 2016 (Jordanian rule, Israeli occupation, and Palestinian Authority rule). The ‘elite’ theory has been used to explain how the expansion process succeeded. The analysis found that elite groups proposed and oversaw Nablus Municipality’s expansion boundaries at various times, delayed master plan’s approval and influenced the distribution plots for popular housing projects.
各种因素促进了城市的发展。其中之一是市政当局在精英个人的协助下吞并土地。本研究的目的是调查精英阶层如何影响纳布卢斯——巴勒斯坦中部城市的扩张。该研究扫描了纳布卢斯市档案馆,对被吞并的村庄的居民进行了采访,并使用总体规划追踪了该市从1960年到2016年的扩张(约旦统治、以色列占领和巴勒斯坦权力机构统治)。“精英”理论被用来解释扩张过程是如何成功的。分析发现,精英团体在不同时期提出并监督纳布卢斯市的扩建边界,推迟了总体规划的批准,并影响了热门住房项目的分配地块。
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引用次数: 0
Book review: Anis Ur Rahmaan. Evolution of  Town Planning in Pakistan: With a Specific Reference to Punjab Province 书评:阿尼斯·乌尔·拉赫曼。的演变 巴基斯坦城镇规划:以旁遮普省为例
IF 1.3 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/09754253221083099
M. Adeel, S. M. Mayo
Anis Ur Rahmaan. Evolution of  Town Planning in Pakistan: With a Specific Reference to Punjab Province (Xlibris Corporation), 2017, 330 pp, US$23.99 (Paperback). ISBN-10: 1543449018, ISBN-13: 978-1543449013.
阿尼斯·乌尔·拉赫曼。巴基斯坦√城镇规划的演变:具体参考旁遮普省(Xlibris Corporation),2017,330页,23.99美元(Paperback)。ISBN-10:1543449018,ISBN-13:978-1543449013。
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引用次数: 0
Editorial 编辑
IF 1.3 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/09754253221092184
Debolina Kundu
The impact of climate change on fishing activities of businesses, households and fishermen in the northern coastal villages of Vietnam have been studied by Nguyen Thi Ngoc, Ngo Xuan Binh and Nguyen Thi Thu Ha, based on data published by the state agencies and case studies. This article assumes that the coastal fishing villages have a long history, making important contributions to economic and social development of the region. In recent years, fishing activities have expanded, but they are also affected by the consequences of climate change. Businesses, households and fishermen have adopted many measures to respond, but their effectiveness is not high. The study suggests that the government should improve the prediction of the location and evolution of rain, storms and other natural calamities. This issue has several articles on climate change and that of financing urban development, both of which are of prime importance in today’s urbanizing Asia. I hope the readers find these articles useful and interesting. I urge the academic community to share their scholarly articles and original research with us to keep the readers abreast with the current discourse on the environment and urbanization in Asian countries.
Nguyen Thi Ngoc、Ngo Xuan Binh和Nguyen Thi Thu Ha根据国家机构公布的数据和案例研究,研究了气候变化对越南北部沿海村庄企业、家庭和渔民捕鱼活动的影响。本文认为沿海渔村有着悠久的历史,对该地区的经济社会发展做出了重要贡献。近年来,捕鱼活动有所扩大,但也受到气候变化后果的影响。企业、家庭和渔民采取了许多应对措施,但效果不高。该研究建议,政府应该改进对降雨、风暴和其他自然灾害的位置和演变的预测。本期有几篇关于气候变化和城市发展融资的文章,这两方面在当今城市化的亚洲至关重要。我希望读者觉得这些文章有用又有趣。我敦促学术界与我们分享他们的学术文章和原创研究,使读者了解亚洲国家环境和城市化的最新论述。
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引用次数: 0
The Relationship Between Disaster Risk Perception and Multiple Deprivation: A Study on Rangpur City, Bangladesh, Using Geospatial and Statistical Approaches 灾害风险感知与多重剥夺的关系——基于地理空间和统计方法的孟加拉国Rangpur市研究
IF 1.3 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/09754253221083089
Md Zakiur Rahman, F. Atun, Javier Martínez
Rapid urbanization and multiple deprivation are making cities more prone to numerous disasters. This study examines the relationships between disaster risk perception and multiple deprivation in the Rangpur city Corporation area in Bangladesh. Enhanced understanding of this relationship would bring valuable insights for planning and policies, especially pertinent for vulnerable communities in the Global South. Rangpur city is located in a deprived zone of Bangladesh that is highly prone to earthquake and fire hazards, and the population’s low level of risk perception might exasperate their vulnerability to earthquakes and fire. This study’s research methods include an index of multiple deprivation, earthquake and fire risk perception index, geographic information system (GIS)-based mapping, statistical analysis and questionnaire surveys. The statistical methods are correlation analysis, factor analysis, Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin test and cross-table analysis. The results of the study show that there is no statistically significant relationship between disaster risk perception and multiple deprivation; however, cross-table analysis revealed a relationship between risk perception and deprivation. The study identified the hot spots of hazard risks and deprivation in Rangpur city. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first effort to investigate the relationship between disaster risk perception and multiple deprivation.
快速城市化和多重贫困使城市更容易遭受各种灾害。本研究探讨灾害风险认知与多重剥夺在孟加拉Rangpur城市公司地区的关系。加强对这一关系的了解将为规划和政策提供宝贵的见解,特别是与全球南方脆弱社区有关的规划和政策。Rangpur市位于孟加拉国的一个贫困地区,极易发生地震和火灾,而人们对风险的认知水平较低,可能会加剧他们对地震和火灾的脆弱性。本研究的研究方法包括多重剥夺指数、地震和火灾风险感知指数、基于地理信息系统(GIS)的制图、统计分析和问卷调查。统计方法有相关分析、因子分析、Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin检验和交叉表分析。研究结果表明,灾害风险感知与多重剥夺之间没有统计学意义上的关系;然而,交叉表分析揭示了风险感知和剥夺之间的关系。该研究确定了Rangpur市灾害风险和贫困的热点地区。据我们所知,这是调查灾害风险感知和多重剥夺之间关系的第一次努力。
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引用次数: 0
Imbalances in Kazakhstan’s Smart Cities Development 哈萨克斯坦智慧城市发展的不平衡
IF 1.3 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/09754253221083198
B. Mendybayev
In many cities worldwide, the Smart City concept is used to solve problems that ensure the city’s development. The range of technological solutions applications varies depending on the needs and capabilities of a particular city or country in general. The proverbial all-encompassing meaning of the Smart City definition is not critical; however, it allows for reasonably unambiguous identification of implementation areas and even standardization. Differences in the conditions and goals of implementation are determined by the characteristics of a particular (unique) city, public needs, or demand from citizens for more modern services, and the peculiarities of state regulation and management. In Kazakhstan, the implementation of individual Smart City initiatives began more than 10 years ago. Comprehensive goal setting was carried out in 2017 as part of the Digital Kazakhstan state programme, and a comparative rating for the cities is being calculated from 2020. The article describes and defines the challenges and limitations associated with the unbalanced development measures of Kazakhstan’s cities based on a comparative analysis of indicators that characterize the level of penetration of Smart City technologies. The article substantiates the need to adjust the national policy and change priorities for successful Smart City projects.
在全球许多城市中,智慧城市的概念被用来解决确保城市发展的问题。技术解决方案的应用范围因特定城市或国家的需要和能力而异。众所周知,智慧城市定义的包罗万象的含义并不重要;然而,它允许合理明确地标识实现领域,甚至实现标准化。实施条件和目标的差异是由特定(独特)城市的特点、公共需求或市民对更现代化服务的需求以及国家监管和管理的特殊性决定的。在哈萨克斯坦,个人智慧城市倡议的实施始于10多年前。作为数字哈萨克斯坦国家计划的一部分,2017年进行了全面的目标设定,并从2020年开始计算城市的比较评级。本文基于对表征智慧城市技术渗透水平的指标的比较分析,描述并定义了与哈萨克斯坦城市不平衡发展措施相关的挑战和限制。文章证实了调整国家政策和改变优先事项的必要性,以成功的智慧城市项目。
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引用次数: 8
PMOTO: A Policy Evaluation Model for Moto Usage in Urban Areas PMOTO:城市地区摩托车使用的政策评估模型
IF 1.3 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/09754253221078164
C. C. Minh, Ton That Tu
This article introduces PMOTO, a quick strategic and low-cost appraisal tool to identify a short-list of the most promising transport policies to mitigate the adverse impact of motorcycle usage on the city environment. Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, were selected as test cases for PMOTO with the same set of policy scenarios built on policy inputs such as tax, charges, fuel efficiency, emission costs, demand management, road-based travel, parking fees and public transport services. The relative merits of different policy options will be analysed and compared in each city and between the two cities.
本文介绍了PMOTO,这是一种快速、战略性和低成本的评估工具,旨在确定一份最有希望的交通政策清单,以减轻摩托车使用对城市环境的不利影响。河内和越南胡志明市被选为PMOTO的测试案例,具有基于税收、收费、燃油效率、排放成本、需求管理、公路旅行、停车费和公共交通服务等政策投入的相同政策情景。不同政策选择的相对优点将在每个城市和两个城市之间进行分析和比较。
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引用次数: 1
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Environment and Urbanization ASIA
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