{"title":"Alexandre Petukhov (1952–2023)","authors":"D. Jullien, E. Lelièvre-Berna, V. Nesvizhevsky","doi":"10.3233/jnr-230005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jnr-230005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44708,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neutron Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42665789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Bannenberg, M. Van Exter, M. N. Verleg, B. Boshuizen, S. Parnell, M. Thijs, H. Schreuders
We have designed and realized a temperature and pressure controlled cell for Neutron Reflectometry (NR) and Small Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS) that is compatible with simultaneous optical transmission and resistivity measurements. The cell can accommodate samples up to 102 mm (4 inch) in diameter, can be pressurized from vacuum up to 10 bar gas pressure and the sample temperature can be controlled up to 350°C. The four single crystal quartz windows ensure both a good neutron and optical transmission and hence can be used in combination with in-situ optical transmission measurements. We present the cell and illustrate its performance with a series of neutron reflectometry experiments performed on Ta based thin films under a hydrogen containing atmosphere.
{"title":"Versatile pressure and temperature controlled cell for neutron reflectometry and small-angle neutron scattering","authors":"L. Bannenberg, M. Van Exter, M. N. Verleg, B. Boshuizen, S. Parnell, M. Thijs, H. Schreuders","doi":"10.3233/jnr-230004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jnr-230004","url":null,"abstract":"We have designed and realized a temperature and pressure controlled cell for Neutron Reflectometry (NR) and Small Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS) that is compatible with simultaneous optical transmission and resistivity measurements. The cell can accommodate samples up to 102 mm (4 inch) in diameter, can be pressurized from vacuum up to 10 bar gas pressure and the sample temperature can be controlled up to 350°C. The four single crystal quartz windows ensure both a good neutron and optical transmission and hence can be used in combination with in-situ optical transmission measurements. We present the cell and illustrate its performance with a series of neutron reflectometry experiments performed on Ta based thin films under a hydrogen containing atmosphere.","PeriodicalId":44708,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neutron Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49654276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
U. Rücker, P. Zakalek, Jingjing Li, J. Voigt, T. Gutberlet, T. Brückel
DiffMod is a simulation program for the evolution of a neutron ensemble in a thermal target – moderator – reflector assembly of a pulsed neutron source based on the statistical description of diffusion, scattering, moderation, and absorption processes. The spatial resolution, the energy resolution and the diffusion directions are strongly restricted to achieve calculation times in a realistic moderator – reflector assembly below 1 hour. In comparison with Monte-Carlo simulations describing the geometry and interactions between neutrons and moderator material exactly, we prove that the DiffMod approach can deliver intensities and pulse shapes that are exact within 10% compared to the Monte-Carlo simulations that require much more computing power. In addition, a time-resolved illustration of the spatial distribution of the neutrons at different energy levels is provided.
{"title":"DiffMod – statistical 2D simulation model of neutron propagation and moderation","authors":"U. Rücker, P. Zakalek, Jingjing Li, J. Voigt, T. Gutberlet, T. Brückel","doi":"10.3233/jnr-220032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jnr-220032","url":null,"abstract":"DiffMod is a simulation program for the evolution of a neutron ensemble in a thermal target – moderator – reflector assembly of a pulsed neutron source based on the statistical description of diffusion, scattering, moderation, and absorption processes. The spatial resolution, the energy resolution and the diffusion directions are strongly restricted to achieve calculation times in a realistic moderator – reflector assembly below 1 hour. In comparison with Monte-Carlo simulations describing the geometry and interactions between neutrons and moderator material exactly, we prove that the DiffMod approach can deliver intensities and pulse shapes that are exact within 10% compared to the Monte-Carlo simulations that require much more computing power. In addition, a time-resolved illustration of the spatial distribution of the neutrons at different energy levels is provided.","PeriodicalId":44708,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neutron Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42575258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Hatsuda, Hiroaki Kawasaki, F. Yamakura, A. Taketani, Takaoki Takanashi, Y. Wakabayashi, Y. Otake, Y. Kamata, C. Kurokawa, Keiichi Ikeda, A. Shigenaga, T. Iesaki, Isao Nagaoka
One of the major challenges in deep space exploration are effects of cosmic rays on human body and soft error, but equally important are their effects on food resources. In this study, we focused on neutrons as the secondary particle in the deep space environment and investigated how they affect food resources. Fast neutron was irradiated by the RIKEN Accelerator-driven compact Neutron Source (RANS) on meat sample. Biochemical analysis was conducted to present concrete effects of cosmic rays on food in deep space environment. Oxidative and nitrative modifications of proteins were detected by the electrophoresis and Western blotting. The result shows that nitrative modification of tryptophan, which is an essential amino acid in protein, tended to increase with increasing neutron dose.
{"title":"Effects of neutron radiation as cosmic radiation on food resources","authors":"M. Hatsuda, Hiroaki Kawasaki, F. Yamakura, A. Taketani, Takaoki Takanashi, Y. Wakabayashi, Y. Otake, Y. Kamata, C. Kurokawa, Keiichi Ikeda, A. Shigenaga, T. Iesaki, Isao Nagaoka","doi":"10.3233/jnr-230001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jnr-230001","url":null,"abstract":"One of the major challenges in deep space exploration are effects of cosmic rays on human body and soft error, but equally important are their effects on food resources. In this study, we focused on neutrons as the secondary particle in the deep space environment and investigated how they affect food resources. Fast neutron was irradiated by the RIKEN Accelerator-driven compact Neutron Source (RANS) on meat sample. Biochemical analysis was conducted to present concrete effects of cosmic rays on food in deep space environment. Oxidative and nitrative modifications of proteins were detected by the electrophoresis and Western blotting. The result shows that nitrative modification of tryptophan, which is an essential amino acid in protein, tended to increase with increasing neutron dose.","PeriodicalId":44708,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neutron Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45194269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Data-reduction software used at neutron-scattering facilities around the world, Mantid and Scipp, ignore correlations when propagating uncertainties in arithmetic operations. Normalization terms applied during data-reduction frequently have a lower dimensionality than the quantities being normalized. We show how the lower dimensionality introduces correlations, which the software does not take into account in subsequent data-reduction steps such as histogramming, summation, or fitting. As a consequence, any uncertainties in the normalization terms are strongly suppressed and thus effectively ignored. This can lead to erroneous attribution of significance to deviations that are actually pure noise, or to overestimation of significance in final data-reduction results that are used for further data analysis. We analyze this flaw for a number of different cases as they occur in practice. For the two concrete experiments that are comprised in these case studies the underestimation turns out to be of negligible size. There is however no reason to assume that this generalizes to other measurements at the same or at different neutron-scattering beamlines. We describe and implement a potential solution that yields not only corrected error estimates but also the full variance-covariance matrix of the reduced result with minor additional computational cost.
{"title":"Systematic underestimation of uncertainties by widespread neutron-scattering data-reduction software","authors":"S. Heybrock, J. Wynen, N. Vaytet","doi":"10.3233/jnr-220049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jnr-220049","url":null,"abstract":"Data-reduction software used at neutron-scattering facilities around the world, Mantid and Scipp, ignore correlations when propagating uncertainties in arithmetic operations. Normalization terms applied during data-reduction frequently have a lower dimensionality than the quantities being normalized. We show how the lower dimensionality introduces correlations, which the software does not take into account in subsequent data-reduction steps such as histogramming, summation, or fitting. As a consequence, any uncertainties in the normalization terms are strongly suppressed and thus effectively ignored. This can lead to erroneous attribution of significance to deviations that are actually pure noise, or to overestimation of significance in final data-reduction results that are used for further data analysis. We analyze this flaw for a number of different cases as they occur in practice. For the two concrete experiments that are comprised in these case studies the underestimation turns out to be of negligible size. There is however no reason to assume that this generalizes to other measurements at the same or at different neutron-scattering beamlines. We describe and implement a potential solution that yields not only corrected error estimates but also the full variance-covariance matrix of the reduced result with minor additional computational cost.","PeriodicalId":44708,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neutron Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43877784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Klotz, D. Hrabovski, E. Lelièvre-Berna, B. Baptiste
Null-scattering Ti:Zr alloy (Ti67.6Zr32.4) is widely used in neutron scattering for sample containers, pressure cells and gaskets since it does not produce contaminant Bragg reflections from the sample environment. Here we report superconductivity in this material with critical temperature T c = 1.4 K, lower critical field Hc1≈ 100 Oe and upper critical field Hc2 ≈ 4500 Oe. These properties are largely independent of the amount of a small quantity of ferromagnetic iron found in materials of all providers. Our findings bear on the use of Ti:Zr in neutron scattering experiments at applied field and low temperatures.
零散射Ti:Zr合金(Ti67.6Zr32.4)由于不会从样品环境中产生污染物布拉格反射而被广泛应用于样品容器、压力电池和衬垫的中子散射。本文报道了该材料的超导性，临界温度T c = 1.4 K，下临界场Hc1≈100 Oe，上临界场Hc2≈4500 Oe。这些特性在很大程度上与在所有供应商的材料中发现的少量铁磁性铁的数量无关。本研究结果对Ti:Zr材料在应用场和低温中子散射实验中的应用具有重要意义。
{"title":"Superconductivity in null-scattering Ti:Zr alloy","authors":"S. Klotz, D. Hrabovski, E. Lelièvre-Berna, B. Baptiste","doi":"10.3233/jnr-230002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jnr-230002","url":null,"abstract":"Null-scattering Ti:Zr alloy (Ti67.6Zr32.4) is widely used in neutron scattering for sample containers, pressure cells and gaskets since it does not produce contaminant Bragg reflections from the sample environment. Here we report superconductivity in this material with critical temperature T c = 1.4 K, lower critical field Hc1≈ 100 Oe and upper critical field Hc2 ≈ 4500 Oe. These properties are largely independent of the amount of a small quantity of ferromagnetic iron found in materials of all providers. Our findings bear on the use of Ti:Zr in neutron scattering experiments at applied field and low temperatures.","PeriodicalId":44708,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neutron Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41785016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Maaza, B. Pardo, D. Hamidi, M. Akbari, R. Morad, M. Henini, A. Gibaud
Correlated to the neutron total reflection phenomenon is the so-called frustrated total reflection, also known as neutron channeling, observed with both thermal and cold neutrons. Within this contribution, such a phenomenon is validated in various additional distinctive Fabry–Pérot nano-resonating configurations; namely in: (i) dual reflection and transmission neutron Fabry–Pérot nano-resonator (Ni/V/Ni/Si substrate), (ii) isotope-based neutron Fabry–Pérot nano-resonator (58Ni/62Ni/58Ni/Silicon substrate), and (iii) multilayered neutron Fabry–Pérot nano-resonator of 8 superposed (B4C/Ti/B4C) single nano-resonators. While such Fabry–Pérot nano-resonators allow effective neutron trapping, the precision of the trapping time of free neutrons in such nano-resonators is governed by the Heisenberg uncertainty and hence offers, a priori, an additional attractive precise approach for potential lifetime investigations. Depending on the configuration of the Fabry–Pérot nano-resonators and the available cold neutron beam, the trapping time is found to be within the temporal regime of 3 to 19 ps. While the main intention of this contribution is to validate the possibility of trapping cold neutrons in nano-structured Fabry–Pérot resonators with a picosecond precision in various configurations, it is hoped that these preliminary results will attract the interest of the neutron lifetime community specifically and the neutron scattering community in general. The potential integration of such trapping method into the bottle or beam methods would elucidate the origin of the difference in neutron lifetime between the two approaches.
{"title":"On the trapping of neutrons in Fabry–Pérot nano-structures and potential applications for cold neutron lifetime Investigations","authors":"M. Maaza, B. Pardo, D. Hamidi, M. Akbari, R. Morad, M. Henini, A. Gibaud","doi":"10.3233/jnr-220015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jnr-220015","url":null,"abstract":"Correlated to the neutron total reflection phenomenon is the so-called frustrated total reflection, also known as neutron channeling, observed with both thermal and cold neutrons. Within this contribution, such a phenomenon is validated in various additional distinctive Fabry–Pérot nano-resonating configurations; namely in: (i) dual reflection and transmission neutron Fabry–Pérot nano-resonator (Ni/V/Ni/Si substrate), (ii) isotope-based neutron Fabry–Pérot nano-resonator (58Ni/62Ni/58Ni/Silicon substrate), and (iii) multilayered neutron Fabry–Pérot nano-resonator of 8 superposed (B4C/Ti/B4C) single nano-resonators. While such Fabry–Pérot nano-resonators allow effective neutron trapping, the precision of the trapping time of free neutrons in such nano-resonators is governed by the Heisenberg uncertainty and hence offers, a priori, an additional attractive precise approach for potential lifetime investigations. Depending on the configuration of the Fabry–Pérot nano-resonators and the available cold neutron beam, the trapping time is found to be within the temporal regime of 3 to 19 ps. While the main intention of this contribution is to validate the possibility of trapping cold neutrons in nano-structured Fabry–Pérot resonators with a picosecond precision in various configurations, it is hoped that these preliminary results will attract the interest of the neutron lifetime community specifically and the neutron scattering community in general. The potential integration of such trapping method into the bottle or beam methods would elucidate the origin of the difference in neutron lifetime between the two approaches.","PeriodicalId":44708,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neutron Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46380409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Time modulation methods are routinely used on neutron scattering time-of-flight instruments, which exploit the time structure of neutron pulses for energy determination. In the past, complex time modulation methods were proposed, either to maximize the neutron flux which can be used, or to increase the energy resolution of the measurements. In this article, we explore the possibilities offered by such methods and in particular random modulation using statistical choppers to improve the performances of the DIoGENE scattering instrument installed around the IPHI-neutron CANS source at Saclay. We conclude that when the source is operated in continuous mode, the implementation of a statistical chopper is very efficient to perform either metallurgical studies such as strain scanning or phase transition studies. Random modulation techniques may be easily and efficiently implemented because the high capacity of modern computers enables high-speed data processing from large surface pixelated detectors.
{"title":"Pseudo-random time modulation technique for neutron diffraction instruments on compact accelerator-driven neutron sources","authors":"F. Ott","doi":"10.3233/jnr-220042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jnr-220042","url":null,"abstract":"Time modulation methods are routinely used on neutron scattering time-of-flight instruments, which exploit the time structure of neutron pulses for energy determination. In the past, complex time modulation methods were proposed, either to maximize the neutron flux which can be used, or to increase the energy resolution of the measurements. In this article, we explore the possibilities offered by such methods and in particular random modulation using statistical choppers to improve the performances of the DIoGENE scattering instrument installed around the IPHI-neutron CANS source at Saclay. We conclude that when the source is operated in continuous mode, the implementation of a statistical chopper is very efficient to perform either metallurgical studies such as strain scanning or phase transition studies. Random modulation techniques may be easily and efficiently implemented because the high capacity of modern computers enables high-speed data processing from large surface pixelated detectors.","PeriodicalId":44708,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neutron Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44548604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Bustinduy, Juan Luis Muñoz, P. González, R. Miracoli, Ángel Rodríguez, N. Garmendia, S. Varnasseri, Sergio Masa, Laura Catalina Medina, David Fernández, J. Martín, J. Corres, A. Kaftoosian, Alexander Conde, Idoia Mazkiaran, G. Harper, Aitor Zuagazaga, V. Toyos, F. J. Villacorta
This paper describes advances performed towards the realization of the ARGITU compact neutron source. The first part of the accelerator developed by ESS-BILBAO is made of a 2.7 GHz ECR proton source, a two-solenoid Low Energy Transport Section (LEBT) and a 352.2 MHz Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ). We describe the main advances performed over the last year. The Ion source and LEBT have been in operation since 2019. On the installed part, some improvements have been implemented in the ion source such as a new RF coupler, RF stability loop, and a new RF source based on Solid State technology. On the RFQ side, the tuning algorithm has been validated in the cold model, the new coupler is being manufactured, the RF testing facility is being installed and the machining of the remaining segments is in good progress.
{"title":"Advances in the ESS-Bilbao injector","authors":"I. Bustinduy, Juan Luis Muñoz, P. González, R. Miracoli, Ángel Rodríguez, N. Garmendia, S. Varnasseri, Sergio Masa, Laura Catalina Medina, David Fernández, J. Martín, J. Corres, A. Kaftoosian, Alexander Conde, Idoia Mazkiaran, G. Harper, Aitor Zuagazaga, V. Toyos, F. J. Villacorta","doi":"10.3233/jnr-220043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jnr-220043","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes advances performed towards the realization of the ARGITU compact neutron source. The first part of the accelerator developed by ESS-BILBAO is made of a 2.7 GHz ECR proton source, a two-solenoid Low Energy Transport Section (LEBT) and a 352.2 MHz Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ). We describe the main advances performed over the last year. The Ion source and LEBT have been in operation since 2019. On the installed part, some improvements have been implemented in the ion source such as a new RF coupler, RF stability loop, and a new RF source based on Solid State technology. On the RFQ side, the tuning algorithm has been validated in the cold model, the new coupler is being manufactured, the RF testing facility is being installed and the machining of the remaining segments is in good progress.","PeriodicalId":44708,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neutron Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47095468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：