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Nuclear data development at the European Spallation Source 欧洲散裂源的核数据发展
IF 1.1 Q3 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-03-10 DOI: 10.3233/JNR-210014
J. Damián, D. Dijulio, G. Muhrer
Transport calculations for neutronic design require accurate nuclear data and validated computational tools. In the Spallation Physics Group, at the European Spallation Source, we perform shielding and neutron beam calculations to help the deployment of the instrument suite for the current high brilliance (top) moderator, as well for the design of the high intensity bottom moderator, currently under study for the facility. This work includes providing the best available nuclear data in addition to improving models and tools when necessary. In this paper we present the status of these activities, which include a set of thermal scattering kernels for moderator, reflector, and structural materials, the development of new kernels for beryllium considering crystallite size effects, nanodiamonds, liquid hydrogen and deuterium based on path integral molecular dynamics, and the use of the software package NCrystal to assist the development of nuclear data in the framework of the new HighNESS project.
中子设计的输运计算需要精确的核数据和经过验证的计算工具。在欧洲散裂源的散裂物理组,我们执行屏蔽和中子束计算,以帮助部署当前高亮度(顶部)慢化剂的仪器套件,以及高强度底部慢化剂的设计,目前正在为该设施进行研究。这项工作包括提供现有的最佳核数据,并在必要时改进模型和工具。在本文中,我们介绍了这些活动的现状,包括一套用于慢化剂,反射器和结构材料的热散射核,考虑晶体尺寸效应的铍核,基于路径积分分子动力学的纳米金刚石,液态氢和氘核的新核的开发,以及使用软件包NCrystal来协助新殿下项目框架内核数据的开发。
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引用次数: 1
Investigation of multiple Bragg reflections and their possible exploitation 多重布拉格反射的研究及其可能的开发利用
IF 1.1 Q3 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/JNR-200185
P. Mikula, J. Šaroun, P. Strunz, V. Ryukhtin
This paper summarizes recent results of an exhaustive experimental study of multiple Bragg reflections accompanying allowed as well as forbidden reflections. The multiple reflection observations were carried out in the frame of Bragg diffraction optics experiments on cylindrically bent perfect single crystals. It has been found that depending on the thickness and curvature of the crystal slabs and the diffraction geometry (reflection, transmission), many strong multiple reflections can be excited which can also be used as a source of highly monochromatic and highly collimated beams for further experiments requiring extremely high resolution.
本文总结了近年来对多重布拉格反射伴随允许反射和禁止反射的详尽实验研究的结果。在布拉格衍射光学实验的框架下,对圆柱弯曲的完美单晶进行了多次反射观测。根据晶体板的厚度和曲率以及衍射几何(反射、透射)的不同,可以激发出许多强的多重反射,这些反射也可以作为高单色和高准直光束的来源,用于要求极高分辨率的进一步实验。
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引用次数: 0
Sergey V. Maleyev (1931–2021) Sergey V.Maleyev(1931–2021)
IF 1.1 Q3 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/jnr-210020
D. Aristov, S. Grigoriev, A. Syromyatnikov, A. Yashenkin
The outstanding physicist passed away on February, 20, 2021, a few months before his 90th anniversary. Sergey Vladimirovich Maleyev was born June 3, 1931, Yerevan. The World War II caught Sergey Maleyev in Leningrad. In December his family was evacuated from a sieged city in extremely malnourished condition. His father died during the evacuation. Sergey Maleyev graduated from high school in 1949 and entered the Faculty of Physics of Leningrad State University. Then he transferred to the Physics and Mathematics Faculty of Kharkov University and graduated from it in 1954. From 1954 to 1967 he worked at the Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute in Leningrad. In 1967, Sergey Vladimirovich organized the Department of solid-state theory, which he headed until 1997, and in which he worked until the end of his life. He earned a scientific degree of a Candidate of Sciences in Physics and Mathematics in 1958 and a Doctor of Sciences in 1974. The contribution of Sergey Maleyev to the development of national and world science cannot be overestimated. His works are widely known, their results having long become classics that went down in university textbooks. Among them there are:
这位杰出的物理学家于2021年2月20日去世,离他90岁生日还有几个月。谢尔盖·弗拉基米罗维奇·马列耶夫,1931年6月3日出生于埃里温。第二次世界大战在列宁格勒抓住了谢尔盖·马列耶夫。12月,他的家人在极度营养不良的情况下从一个被围困的城市撤离。他的父亲在撤离期间去世了。谢尔盖·马列耶夫1949年高中毕业,进入列宁格勒国立大学物理系。随后,他转到哈尔科夫大学物理与数学学院,并于1954年毕业。从1954年到1967年,他在列宁格勒的约夫物理技术研究所工作。1967年,谢尔盖·弗拉基米罗维奇组建了固体理论部门,他一直领导到1997年,并在那里工作到生命的尽头。他于1958年获得物理和数学科学候选人学位,并于1974年获得科学博士学位。谢尔盖·马列耶夫对国家和世界科学发展的贡献怎么评价都不为过。他的作品广为人知,其成果早已成为大学教科书上的经典。其中有:
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引用次数: 0
Editorial Proc. UCANS-web Conference, Nov. 30–Dec. 3 2020 编辑程序:UCANS-web会议,11月30 - 12月。3 2020
IF 1.1 Q3 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/jnr-210022
D. Baxter, T. Gutberlet, Y. Otake, F. Ott, Xuewu Wang
Compact accelerator-based neutron sources (CANS) represent a growing technology to provide neutrons in many areas of research and applications. Based on nuclear processes initiated by low energy proton or deuteron beams or the nuclear photo effect using electron beams, very compact neutron sources have been designed and installed at universities, research institutes, and industrial sites accross the globe. These small sources have provided continuous impact in fundamental nuclear physics as well as in material sciences, engineering, metrology or health. In most recent years partly driven by the advent of reactor based neutron sources and the desire for local and mobile neutron sources and partly by progress in high current proton accelerator systems, efforts are increasing to develop, design and construct very powerful CANS. One goal of these efforts is to provide future midand large-scale neutron sources complementary to spallation and reactor based sources, while another is to provide local services for industry or health e.g. as neutron imaging services or with boron neutron capture therapy to fight cancer. The Union for Compact Accelerator-driven Neutron Sources (UCANS) is organizing regular meetings to discuss the state of the art and developments on this topic. The UCANS9 conference was planned to be held in Wako, Japan in November 2020. Due to the global coronavirus outbreak the conference could not happen and was postponed to a future date in 2021. As an intermediate activity a web-based meeting was organized termed UCANS-web Conference and held from Nov. 30 to Dec. 3 2020 with a world-wide attendance of many scientists and researchers. The virtual conference covered a very wide range of topics on most aspects of compact sources, accelerators, targets, moderators, detectors, neutron scattering, radiography, isotope and nuclear data, medical applications as documented at the conference website (ucans-web.org). The diverse and varied presentations and discussions at this virtual meeting inspired the participants and organizers to publish presented work within a proceedings volume in the Journal of Neutron Research. The present contributions deal with basic nuclear data evaluation by improved scattering kernels, the development of versatile beam monitoring and multiplexing systems as well as the design and configuration of optimized target-moderator combinations to improve neutron flux. They further present novel instrumentation concepts and the plans and outlines for novel CANS facilities. Although these articles represent only a fraction of all of the presented contributions within the UCANS-web Conference, they demonstrate the progress and state-of-the-art in this fast-emerging field. Upcoming conferences, workshops and UCANS meetings will show further progress and developments and the present proceedings will support all these discussions and activities to develop and optimize CANS.
基于紧凑型加速器的中子源(can)在许多研究和应用领域代表了一种不断发展的中子提供技术。基于低能质子或氘核光束或电子束的核光效应引发的核过程,非常紧凑的中子源已被设计并安装在世界各地的大学、研究机构和工业场所。这些小的来源在基础核物理学以及材料科学、工程、计量学或健康方面提供了持续的影响。近年来,部分由于基于反应堆的中子源的出现和对局部和移动中子源的渴望,部分由于高电流质子加速器系统的进展,人们正在努力开发、设计和建造非常强大的can。这些努力的一个目标是提供未来的中型和大型中子源,以补充散裂和基于反应堆的中子源,而另一个目标是为工业或健康提供本地服务,例如中子成像服务或与硼中子捕获治疗一起对抗癌症。紧凑加速器驱动中子源联盟(UCANS)正在组织定期会议,讨论这一主题的最新进展和发展。UCANS9会议原定于2020年11月在日本Wako举行。由于全球冠状病毒爆发,会议无法举行,并推迟到2021年的未来日期。作为一项中间活动,组织了一个基于网络的会议,称为UCANS-web会议,于2020年11月30日至12月3日举行,世界各地的许多科学家和研究人员参加了会议。虚拟会议涵盖了非常广泛的主题,涉及紧凑源、加速器、靶、调节剂、探测器、中子散射、放射照相、同位素和核数据、医学应用的大多数方面,会议网站(ucans-web.org)上有记录。在这次虚拟会议上,各种各样的演讲和讨论激发了参与者和组织者在中子研究杂志的论文集中发表所展示的工作。目前的贡献涉及通过改进散射核来评估基本核数据,开发通用束监测和多路复用系统,以及优化目标-慢化剂组合的设计和配置,以提高中子通量。他们进一步提出了新的仪器概念以及新型can设施的计划和轮廓。虽然这些文章只代表了UCANS-web会议上所有提交的贡献的一小部分,但它们展示了这个快速新兴领域的进展和最新技术。即将召开的会议、讲习班和UCANS会议将展示进一步的进展和发展,目前的会议记录将支持所有这些讨论和活动,以发展和优化can。
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引用次数: 1
Enhancement of sub-thermal neutron flux through cold polyethylene 通过冷聚乙烯增强亚热中子通量
IF 1.1 Q3 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/jnr-210010
D. Fritz, Y. Danon, E. Liu
Total thermal neutron cross section measurements serve as the primary means of validation for thermal neutron scattering kernels, an important quantity for neutron transport calculations. In an effort to improve the quality of thermal neutron scattering kernels, researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI) designed and constructed a polyethylene based cold moderation system to enhance neutron flux below 10 meV when coupled with the Enhanced Thermal Target (ETT) at the RPI Gaerttner LINAC. The final design yielded an increase in sub-thermal neutron flux (below 10 meV) by a factor of 4.5 for a moderator temperature of 37.5 K relative to the ETT alone. A further increase to a factor of 6 is expected after a minor geometry modification and decrease in polyethylene temperature to 25 K. This novel capability will be used to conduct total thermal neutron cross section measurements from 0.0005–10 eV for different materials including moderator materials.
热中子总截面测量是验证热中子散射核的主要手段,是中子输运计算的重要量。为了提高热中子散射核的质量,伦斯勒理工学院(RPI)的研究人员设计并构建了一个基于聚乙烯的冷调节系统,当与RPI Gaerttner LINAC的增强型热靶(ETT)耦合时,可以将中子通量提高到10 meV以下。最终设计产生的亚热中子通量(低于10 meV)在37.5 K的慢化剂温度下相对于ETT单独增加了4.5倍。在微小的几何形状修改和聚乙烯温度降低到25 K后,预计进一步增加到6倍。这种新能力将用于对包括慢化剂材料在内的不同材料进行0.0005-10 eV的总热中子截面测量。
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引用次数: 3
Developments of a multiplexer system for the High-Brilliance Neutron Source HBS 高亮度中子源HBS多路复用系统的研制
IF 1.1 Q3 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/jnr-210009
M. Rimmler, O. Felden, U. Rücker, H. Soltner, P. Zakalek, R. Gebel, T. Gutberlet, T. Brückel
The High-Brilliance Neutron Source project (HBS) aims at developing a medium-flux accelerator-driven neutron source based on a 70 MeV, 100 mA proton accelerator. The concept optimizes the facility such that it provides high-brilliance neutron beams for instruments operating at different time structures. This can be realized by generating an interlaced proton pulse structure, which is unraveled and sent to three different target stations by a multiplexer system. In the following we present the developments of a multiplexer system at the JULIC accelerator at Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH (FZJ), which serves as test facility for HBS. The main components of the JULIC multiplexer system are designed to be scalable to the HBS parameters.
高亮度中子源项目(HBS)旨在开发一种基于70 MeV, 100 mA质子加速器的中通量加速器驱动的中子源。该概念优化了设施,以便为在不同时间结构上运行的仪器提供高亮度的中子束。这可以通过产生交错的质子脉冲结构来实现,该结构通过多路复用系统展开并发送到三个不同的目标站。在下面,我们介绍了在Forschungszentrum j lich GmbH (FZJ)的JULIC加速器上的多路复用系统的开发,该加速器作为HBS的测试设施。JULIC多路复用系统的主要组件被设计成可扩展到HBS参数。
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引用次数: 0
Wide-aperture back-scattering detector (BSD) for the High-Resolution Fourier Diffractometer (HRFD) at the IBR-2 reactor 用于IBR-2反应堆高分辨率傅立叶衍射仪(HRFD)的大孔径后向散射探测器(BSD)
IF 1.1 Q3 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.3233/jnr-210001
V. Kruglov, A. Balagurov, M. Belova, I. Bobrikov, A. Bogdzel’, V. Bodnarchuk, V. V. Bulavina, O. Daulbaev, V. Drozdov, V. Zhuravlev, A. Kirilov, S. Kulikov, A. K. Kurilkin, V. Milkov, S. Murashkevich, M. M. Podlesnyy, V. I. Prikhod’ko, A. Churakov, V. Shvetsov
The high-resolution Fourier diffractometer (HRFD) operates at the IBR-2 pulsed reactor, on which the correlation method of data registering has been implemented using a fast Fourier chopper and specialized electronics. A wide-aperture ring back-scattering detector for HRFD has been developed. The detector consists of six Z n S ( A g ) / 6 L i F-scintillation rings, each one of which is divided into 12 sections. Main parameters of this detector: covered solid angle 2 θ = ( 133 − 175 ) ∘ ; Ω d ≈ 2.0 sr; average absorption efficiency 85 %, geometric contribution to resolution Δ d / d < 0.0005. The concept of a detector and its data acquisition system are presented.
高分辨率傅立叶衍射仪(HRFD)工作在IBR-2脉冲反应堆上,利用快速傅立叶斩波器和专用电子器件实现了数据记录的相关方法。研制了一种用于HRFD的大孔径环形后向散射探测器。探测器由6个Z n S (A g) / 6 L i f闪烁环组成,每个闪烁环分为12个部分。本探测器主要参数:覆盖立体角2 θ =(133−175)°;Ω d≈2.0 sr;平均吸收效率85%,对分辨率的几何贡献Δ d / d < 0.0005。提出了探测器及其数据采集系统的概念。
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引用次数: 0
WAVE – An innovative magnet devoted to spintronics WAVE–致力于自旋电子学的创新磁铁
IF 1.1 Q3 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-12-16 DOI: 10.3233/JNR-200167
T. Robillard, P. Lavie, A. Dael, G. Aubert, P. Brédy, A. Madur, C. Berriaud, J. Rifflet, D. Nguyen-Ba, S. Klimko, G. Exil, X. Fabrèges, S. Petit, A. Bataille
The LLB is part of a large project aiming at the development of experimental tools available for the spintronics community. This includes the design and construction of vector magnets for neutron and X-ray scattering (deployed on the Léon Brillouin-Orphée and Synchrotron SOLEIL TGIRs: neutron diffractometer 6T2 and XMRS Sextants). For neutron scattering, a very innovative design has been developed, relying solely on the use of vertical axis coils. This magnet called WAVE (for Wide Aperture VEctor) is now available at the LLB-Orphée for the user community.
LLB是一个大型项目的一部分,旨在为自旋电子学社区开发可用的实验工具。这包括设计和建造用于中子和x射线散射的矢量磁体(部署在lsamon brillouin - orphacei和同步加速器SOLEIL tgers:中子衍射仪6T2和XMRS六分仪上)。对于中子散射,已经开发了一种非常创新的设计,仅依靠使用垂直轴线圈。这种磁铁被称为WAVE(宽光圈矢量),现在可以在llb - orphacei为用户社区使用。
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引用次数: 0
Design of low profile sample stage 低剖面样品台的设计
IF 1.1 Q3 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-12-16 DOI: 10.3233/jnr-200169
S. Cooper
The Italian Neutron Experimental Station, or INES for short, instrument beamline at the ISIS Neutron and Muon Spallation Source recently underwent an upgrade to its sample positioning area to improve the sample handling capability and capacity of the instrument. INES is a powder diffractometer instrument devoted to materials characterization and cultural heritage studies. Due to the types of samples received for cultural heritage studies the instrument scientists wanted to maximize the height of samples that could be scanned with the instrument. This paper covers the in-house design and delivery of a new, two axis, linear positioning stage for INES that due to the addition of a new linear height stage, needed to be as low profile as possible to give the instrument scientists the sample capacity they required.
最近,位于ISIS中子和介子散裂源的意大利中子实验站(简称INES)对其样品定位区域进行了升级,以提高样品处理能力和仪器容量。INES是一种粉末衍射仪,专门用于材料表征和文化遗产研究。由于收到用于文化遗产研究的样品的类型,仪器科学家希望最大限度地提高可以用仪器扫描的样品的高度。本文介绍了用于INES的新型两轴线性定位台的内部设计和交付,由于增加了新的线性高度台,因此需要尽可能低调,以便为仪器科学家提供所需的样品容量。
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引用次数: 0
23rd Meeting of the International Collaboration on Advanced Neutron Sources Organized by the Neutron Sciences Directorate at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) Chattanooga Convention Center, Chattanooga, TN (USA) 13–18 October 2019 由中子科学理事会在橡树岭国家实验室(ORNL)查塔努加会议中心组织的第23届先进中子源国际合作会议,查塔努加,田纳西州(美国)2019年10月13日至18日
IF 1.1 Q3 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-10-20 DOI: 10.3233/jnr-200183
K. Herwig, E. Iverson
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Neutron Research
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