Pub Date : 2025-06-01Epub Date: 2025-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jnrt.2025.100193
Lili Liu , Juanjuan Chen , Zhijian Lin, Jun Hu, Yunong Li, Fenli Zhou
Here we report a case of a 67-year-old female patient who presented with headache, limb tremors, and acute complete vision loss. Physical examination revealed bilateral miosis, and diffusion-weighted imaging sequences showed mild diffusion restriction in the subcortical regions of both occipital lobes. Genetic results revealed 85 GGC repeats in the 5′-untranslated region of the NOTCH2NLC gene. The therapeutic effect of dexamethasone and acyclovir was minimal. NIID must be considered in patients with acute onset and various clinical manifestations and imaging findings similar to encephalitis. We hope that our case presentation will enhance clinicians’ awareness of NIID.
{"title":"Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease with sudden visual impairment","authors":"Lili Liu , Juanjuan Chen , Zhijian Lin, Jun Hu, Yunong Li, Fenli Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.jnrt.2025.100193","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnrt.2025.100193","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Here we report a case of a 67-year-old female patient who presented with headache, limb tremors, and acute complete vision loss. Physical examination revealed bilateral miosis, and diffusion-weighted imaging sequences showed mild diffusion restriction in the subcortical regions of both occipital lobes. Genetic results revealed 85 GGC repeats in the 5′-untranslated region of the <em>NOTCH2NLC</em> gene. The therapeutic effect of dexamethasone and acyclovir was minimal. NIID must be considered in patients with acute onset and various clinical manifestations and imaging findings similar to encephalitis. We hope that our case presentation will enhance clinicians’ awareness of NIID.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":44709,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurorestoratology","volume":"13 3","pages":"Article 100193"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-01Epub Date: 2025-01-25DOI: 10.1016/j.jnrt.2025.100190
Qi Lu , Juan Hui , Haiyue Dai , Ran Hao , Yuesen Hou , Di Wang , Yongfeng Yang , Juan Li , Jinggui Song , Zhaohui Zhang
Background
High-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) demonstrate significant potential for improving depressive symptoms and cognitive function; however, their effectiveness varies greatly among individuals. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy enables real-time monitoring of brain function during cognitive tasks in patients with psychiatric disorders.
Methods
A 4-week longitudinal study was conducted involving 61 patients with depression and 26 healthy controls. Patients were randomly assigned to HD-tDCS, rTMS, and antidepressant (AD) groups. Changes in depressive symptoms, adverse event rates, and prefrontal cortical oxyhemoglobin concentrations were assessed.
Result
At week 4, remission rates were 62.5% (15), 61.9% (13), and 62.5% (10) in the HD-tDCS, rTMS, and AD groups, respectively (x2 = 0.002, p = 1.000). Response rates were 66.7% (16), 71.4% (15), and 68.8% (11), respectively, with no significant difference between groups (x2 = 0.12, p = 0.941). All groups demonstrated significant improvement in depressive symptoms and cognitive function. The rTMS group exhibited a significantly greater decrease in Hamilton Depression Scale score compared with the HD-tDCS and AD groups. After 2 weeks of treatment, patients exhibited improved depressive symptoms and reduced activation during the verbal fluency task. However, these changes were not significantly correlated (r = −0.159 to 0.240, p = 0.121–0.988).
Limitations
All patients had concomitant use of ADs, which may impact near-infrared spectroscopy signaling and have an indeterminate effect on cognition.
Conclusion
HD-tDCS, rTMS, and ADs were equally effective, safe, and well-tolerated. HD-tDCS and rTMS were more effective for working memory, attention, executive functioning, and mood regulation.
高清晰度经颅直流电刺激（HD-tDCS）和重复性经颅磁刺激（rTMS）显示出改善抑郁症状和认知功能的显著潜力；然而，它们的效果因人而异。功能性近红外光谱能够实时监测精神疾病患者在认知任务期间的大脑功能。方法对61例抑郁症患者和26例健康对照者进行为期4周的纵向研究。患者被随机分配到HD-tDCS、rTMS和抗抑郁药（AD）组。评估抑郁症状、不良事件发生率和前额皮质氧合血红蛋白浓度的变化。结果第4周，HD-tDCS组、rTMS组和AD组的缓解率分别为62.5%（15例）、61.9%（13例）和62.5%（10例）（x2 = 0.002, p = 1.000）。有效率分别为66.7%（16例）、71.4%（15例）、68.8%（11例），组间差异无统计学意义（x2 = 0.12, p = 0.941）。所有组均表现出抑郁症状和认知功能的显著改善。与HD-tDCS和AD组相比，rTMS组汉密尔顿抑郁量表得分明显下降。治疗2周后，患者表现出抑郁症状的改善，在言语流畅性任务中的激活程度降低。然而，这些变化没有显著相关（r = - 0.159 ~ 0.240, p = 0.121 ~ 0.988）。局限性所有患者同时使用ADs，这可能影响近红外光谱信号，对认知有不确定的影响。结论hd - tdcs、rTMS和ADs的疗效、安全性和耐受性相同。HD-tDCS和rTMS在工作记忆、注意力、执行功能和情绪调节方面更有效。
{"title":"Comparison of the efficacy of high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of depression","authors":"Qi Lu , Juan Hui , Haiyue Dai , Ran Hao , Yuesen Hou , Di Wang , Yongfeng Yang , Juan Li , Jinggui Song , Zhaohui Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jnrt.2025.100190","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnrt.2025.100190","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>High-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) demonstrate significant potential for improving depressive symptoms and cognitive function; however, their effectiveness varies greatly among individuals. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy enables real-time monitoring of brain function during cognitive tasks in patients with psychiatric disorders.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A 4-week longitudinal study was conducted involving 61 patients with depression and 26 healthy controls. Patients were randomly assigned to HD-tDCS, rTMS, and antidepressant (AD) groups. Changes in depressive symptoms, adverse event rates, and prefrontal cortical oxyhemoglobin concentrations were assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>At week 4, remission rates were 62.5% (15), 61.9% (13), and 62.5% (10) in the HD-tDCS, rTMS, and AD groups, respectively (<em>x</em><sup>2</sup> = 0.002, <em>p</em> = 1.000). Response rates were 66.7% (16), 71.4% (15), and 68.8% (11), respectively, with no significant difference between groups (<em>x</em><sup>2</sup> = 0.12, <em>p</em> = 0.941). All groups demonstrated significant improvement in depressive symptoms and cognitive function. The rTMS group exhibited a significantly greater decrease in Hamilton Depression Scale score compared with the HD-tDCS and AD groups. After 2 weeks of treatment, patients exhibited improved depressive symptoms and reduced activation during the verbal fluency task. However, these changes were not significantly correlated (<em>r</em> = −0.159 to 0.240, <em>p</em> = 0.121–0.988).</div></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><div>All patients had concomitant use of ADs, which may impact near-infrared spectroscopy signaling and have an indeterminate effect on cognition.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>HD-tDCS, rTMS, and ADs were equally effective, safe, and well-tolerated. HD-tDCS and rTMS were more effective for working memory, attention, executive functioning, and mood regulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":44709,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurorestoratology","volume":"13 3","pages":"Article 100190"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143642684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01Epub Date: 2025-01-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jnrt.2025.100185
Yuxin Liu , Xixi Han , Lin Chen , Bin Ma
Facial paralysis comorbidities is now understood to include two distinct forms: synkinesis and micro-entrapment syndrome of nerves innervating the face (MESNIF). These disorders manifest as oromandibular synkinesis, stiffness and atrophy of facial muscles on one side, which affect activities of daily living. Acupoint Injection is a treatment for facial paralysis, combining the meridian theory of traditional Chinese medicine, with the injection of specific drugs into acupuncture points of the face. In recent years, the use of acupoint injections has shown in remarkable clinical efficacy and few adverse effects. We report the case to introduce this integrative therapy and outline the key principles of rehabilitation therapy.
{"title":"Making smiles and eye closure natural! Application of acupoint injection therapy in facial paralysis comorbidities: A case report","authors":"Yuxin Liu , Xixi Han , Lin Chen , Bin Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.jnrt.2025.100185","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnrt.2025.100185","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Facial paralysis comorbidities is now understood to include two distinct forms: synkinesis and micro-entrapment syndrome of nerves innervating the face (MESNIF). These disorders manifest as oromandibular synkinesis, stiffness and atrophy of facial muscles on one side, which affect activities of daily living. Acupoint Injection is a treatment for facial paralysis, combining the meridian theory of traditional Chinese medicine, with the injection of specific drugs into acupuncture points of the face. In recent years, the use of acupoint injections has shown in remarkable clinical efficacy and few adverse effects. We report the case to introduce this integrative therapy and outline the key principles of rehabilitation therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":44709,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurorestoratology","volume":"13 2","pages":"Article 100185"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143388187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01Epub Date: 2024-12-22DOI: 10.1016/j.jnrt.2024.100176
Wenyong Gao , Shiyuan Jing , Chao He , Hooshang Saberi , Hari Shanker Sharma , Fabin Han , Lin Chen
Progressive neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) that lack effective disease-modifying treatments, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Huntington's disease (HD), represent significant global health challenges. In recent years, key research findings have included the role of neuroinflammation driven by microglia and astrocytes, the impact of genetic mutations, and the importance of autophagy and mitochondrial quality control in maintaining neuronal health. In this review, we summarize recent advancements of the pathogenesis of NDs, the cellular and animal models that have provided valuable insights into disease mechanisms, and the development of blood-based biomarkers for early diagnosis and monitoring of disease progression. We also highlight emerging neurorestorative therapeutic strategies involving stem cell therapy, antisense oligonucleotides, and induced pluripotent stem cells. Additionally, we cover recent clinical trials of promising drugs, such as lecanemab and donanemab for AD, and tavapadon for PD. Finally, we propose future research directions, emphasizing the need for combination therapies that target multiple pathways, the development of more precise animal models, and the integration of nanotechnology for improved drug delivery across the blood–brain barrier.
{"title":"Advancements in neurodegenerative diseases: Pathogenesis and novel neurorestorative interventions","authors":"Wenyong Gao , Shiyuan Jing , Chao He , Hooshang Saberi , Hari Shanker Sharma , Fabin Han , Lin Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jnrt.2024.100176","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnrt.2024.100176","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Progressive neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) that lack effective disease-modifying treatments, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Huntington's disease (HD), represent significant global health challenges. In recent years, key research findings have included the role of neuroinflammation driven by microglia and astrocytes, the impact of genetic mutations, and the importance of autophagy and mitochondrial quality control in maintaining neuronal health. In this review, we summarize recent advancements of the pathogenesis of NDs, the cellular and animal models that have provided valuable insights into disease mechanisms, and the development of blood-based biomarkers for early diagnosis and monitoring of disease progression. We also highlight emerging neurorestorative therapeutic strategies involving stem cell therapy, antisense oligonucleotides, and induced pluripotent stem cells. Additionally, we cover recent clinical trials of promising drugs, such as lecanemab and donanemab for AD, and tavapadon for PD. Finally, we propose future research directions, emphasizing the need for combination therapies that target multiple pathways, the development of more precise animal models, and the integration of nanotechnology for improved drug delivery across the blood–brain barrier.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":44709,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurorestoratology","volume":"13 2","pages":"Article 100176"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143175105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01Epub Date: 2025-01-03DOI: 10.1016/j.jnrt.2024.100178
Junhyung Kim , Sungyang Jo , Sun Ju Chung , Seok Ho Hong , Sang Ryong Jeon
Background
Essential tremor is the most prevalent movement disorder in older adults, yet its association with aging-related anatomical changes has not been well explored. This study aimed to identify the clinical and neuroanatomical characteristics of medically refractory essential tremor in individuals who are potential candidates for surgical intervention.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive analysis of a population with essential tremors at a single tertiary-level center. Morphometric analysis of structural MRI was performed for 96 samples, and volumetric measurements were compared across four age/sex-matched groups (beta-blocker monotherapy, combination therapy, surgical intervention, and healthy controls).
Results
Individuals with essential tremors had greater ventricular volume than healthy controls. The lateral ventricle volume was 1.57-fold (95% confidence interval, 1.39 to 1.77) larger in the essential tremor subjects, while no significant differences between treatment groups were observed. In terms of stereotactic target coordinate of the ventral intermediate nucleus (Vim) of the thalamus, the width of the third ventricle at the intercommissural plane level was 8.0 ± 2.2 mm in the surgical intervention group, compared with 5.7 ± 2.3 mm in healthy controls. The Vim target coordinates averaged 13.8 ± 1.6 mm laterally from the midline in this cohort; however, one-quarter of candidates had coordinates exceeding 16 mm, substantially differing from previously established atlas-based coordinates of the Vim.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest the potential association between late-onset essential tremor and hydrocephalus, which necessitates careful consideration in stereotactic procedures with regard to the anatomical variability of the third ventricle.
{"title":"Neuroanatomical characteristics of late-onset essential tremors: Implications for stereotactic targeting of the ventral intermediate nucleus of the thalamus","authors":"Junhyung Kim , Sungyang Jo , Sun Ju Chung , Seok Ho Hong , Sang Ryong Jeon","doi":"10.1016/j.jnrt.2024.100178","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnrt.2024.100178","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Essential tremor is the most prevalent movement disorder in older adults, yet its association with aging-related anatomical changes has not been well explored. This study aimed to identify the clinical and neuroanatomical characteristics of medically refractory essential tremor in individuals who are potential candidates for surgical intervention.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive analysis of a population with essential tremors at a single tertiary-level center. Morphometric analysis of structural MRI was performed for 96 samples, and volumetric measurements were compared across four age/sex-matched groups (beta-blocker monotherapy, combination therapy, surgical intervention, and healthy controls).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Individuals with essential tremors had greater ventricular volume than healthy controls. The lateral ventricle volume was 1.57-fold (95% confidence interval, 1.39 to 1.77) larger in the essential tremor subjects, while no significant differences between treatment groups were observed. In terms of stereotactic target coordinate of the ventral intermediate nucleus (Vim) of the thalamus, the width of the third ventricle at the intercommissural plane level was 8.0 ± 2.2 mm in the surgical intervention group, compared with 5.7 ± 2.3 mm in healthy controls. The Vim target coordinates averaged 13.8 ± 1.6 mm laterally from the midline in this cohort; however, one-quarter of candidates had coordinates exceeding 16 mm, substantially differing from previously established atlas-based coordinates of the Vim.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings suggest the potential association between late-onset essential tremor and hydrocephalus, which necessitates careful consideration in stereotactic procedures with regard to the anatomical variability of the third ventricle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":44709,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurorestoratology","volume":"13 2","pages":"Article 100178"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143176171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01Epub Date: 2025-01-17DOI: 10.1016/j.jnrt.2025.100186
Renke He , Jiayu Liu , Bingxian Wang , Hanbo Zhang , Shengqiang Xie , Yiyuan Zhang , Xianhong Liu , Jianxin Wang , Dai Wu , Lehui Du , Baolin Qu , Gang Cheng , Jianning Zhang
Background
To compare neural damage induced by ultra-high dose rate FLASH radiotherapy (FLASH-RT) with that induced by conventional dose rate radiotherapy (CONV-RT) in healthy mice.
Methods
Eighty adult male C57BL/6J mice were divided into five groups: Sham, CONV-RT10Gy, CONV-RT20Gy, FLASH-RT10Gy, and FLASH-RT20Gy. Three days post-irradiation, morphological changes in neurons within the dentate gyrus (DG), CA1, and CA3 were observed using hematoxylin and eosin and Nissl staining. The malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and hydroxyl radical (OH−) levels were measured using assay kits. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR was used to assess interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α mRNA expression levels in hippocampus. Immunofluorescence was employed to observe microglial activation in the DG.
Results
Compared with Sham, CONV-RT10Gy and CONV-RT20Gy exhibited disorganized neuronal arrangements and blurred nucleoli in the DG; the number of Nissl body was reduced, but FLASH-RT10Gy and FLASH-RT20Gy alleviated these abnormalities. Moreover, FLASH-RT20Gy mitigated the upregulation of MDA and downregulation of GSH, GSH-PX, SOD, CAT, and OH− levels in the hippocampus of mice subjected to CONV-RT20Gy. Additionally, FLASH-RT20Gy attenuated the upregulation of IL-1β, IL-6, iNOS, and TNF-α mRNA levels in hippocampus of mice subjected to CONV-RT20Gy and diminished microglial activation in the DG.
Conclusion
FLASH-RT mitigate the structural and functional disruptions in hippocampal neurons induced by CONV-RT and alleviate oxidative stress and inflammation in hippocampal tissue by reducing microglial activation.
{"title":"X-ray-based ultra-high dose rate FLASH radiotherapy mitigates acute radiation-induced hippocampal injury and inflammation","authors":"Renke He , Jiayu Liu , Bingxian Wang , Hanbo Zhang , Shengqiang Xie , Yiyuan Zhang , Xianhong Liu , Jianxin Wang , Dai Wu , Lehui Du , Baolin Qu , Gang Cheng , Jianning Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jnrt.2025.100186","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnrt.2025.100186","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>To compare neural damage induced by ultra-high dose rate FLASH radiotherapy (FLASH-RT) with that induced by conventional dose rate radiotherapy (CONV-RT) in healthy mice.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Eighty adult male C57BL/6J mice were divided into five groups: Sham, CONV-RT10Gy, CONV-RT20Gy, FLASH-RT10Gy, and FLASH-RT20Gy. Three days post-irradiation, morphological changes in neurons within the dentate gyrus (DG), CA1, and CA3 were observed using hematoxylin and eosin and Nissl staining. The malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and hydroxyl radical (OH<sup>−</sup>) levels were measured using assay kits. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR was used to assess interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α mRNA expression levels in hippocampus. Immunofluorescence was employed to observe microglial activation in the DG.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared with Sham, CONV-RT10Gy and CONV-RT20Gy exhibited disorganized neuronal arrangements and blurred nucleoli in the DG; the number of Nissl body was reduced, but FLASH-RT10Gy and FLASH-RT20Gy alleviated these abnormalities. Moreover, FLASH-RT20Gy mitigated the upregulation of MDA and downregulation of GSH, GSH-PX, SOD, CAT, and OH<sup>−</sup> levels in the hippocampus of mice subjected to CONV-RT20Gy. Additionally, FLASH-RT20Gy attenuated the upregulation of IL-1β, IL-6, iNOS, and TNF-α mRNA levels in hippocampus of mice subjected to CONV-RT20Gy and diminished microglial activation in the DG.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>FLASH-RT mitigate the structural and functional disruptions in hippocampal neurons induced by CONV-RT and alleviate oxidative stress and inflammation in hippocampal tissue by reducing microglial activation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":44709,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurorestoratology","volume":"13 2","pages":"Article 100186"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143465145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01Epub Date: 2024-11-30DOI: 10.1016/j.jnrt.2024.100173
Jun Zhang , Ya-Jun Li , Shu Yang , Bing-Hu Li , Duo-Zi Wang , Lei Liu , Jian-Hong Wang
Background
Unhealthy lifestyles have a considerable impact on the incidence of dementia. Skipping breakfast disturbs energy homeostasis and impairs brain function. In this study, we investigated the association between breakfast skipping and cognitive performance among community-dwelling adults.
Methods
We recruited 859 community-dwelling adults aged ≥60 years from January 1 to December 31, 2021. Participants’ sociodemographic information and breakfast skipping habits were self-reported. Participants were followed up for 36 months and cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) with an interval of 18 months. Trajectories of cognitive change were compared between individuals with and without breakfast skipping. To reduce the risk of bias owing to unmatched sample sizes between the groups, we conducted 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) based on age, sex, education level, and ApoE genotype.
Results
At baseline and 18-month follow-up, no difference was found in MMSE scores between participants with and without breakfast skipping. However, those who habitually skipped breakfast had significantly lower MMSE scores than those who did not at 36-month follow-up. Individuals with habitual breakfast skipping had a steeper rate of cognitive decline than those without habitual breakfast skipping during follow-up. Breakfast skipping was a risk factor for longitudinal cognitive decline, defined as a decrease in MMSE scores of ≥3, adjusted for age, sex, education, body mass index, ApoE ε4 carrier status, hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. At the last follow-up, participants who habitually skipped breakfast had significantly higher levels of ptau181 and NfL than those who did not. In the PSM cohort, similar findings were obtained regarding cognitive trajectories and plasma biomarkers.
Conclusion
Breakfast skipping was linked to an increased risk of long-term cognitive decline and neurodegeneration among older adults. The link between unhealthy dietary habits and cognitive decline may be attributed to a deficiency in neurorestoration resulting from inadequate energy consumption.
{"title":"Clinical association of habitual breakfast skipping with cognitive decline and neurodegeneration among older adults","authors":"Jun Zhang , Ya-Jun Li , Shu Yang , Bing-Hu Li , Duo-Zi Wang , Lei Liu , Jian-Hong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jnrt.2024.100173","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnrt.2024.100173","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Unhealthy lifestyles have a considerable impact on the incidence of dementia. Skipping breakfast disturbs energy homeostasis and impairs brain function. In this study, we investigated the association between breakfast skipping and cognitive performance among community-dwelling adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We recruited 859 community-dwelling adults aged ≥60 years from January 1 to December 31, 2021. Participants’ sociodemographic information and breakfast skipping habits were self-reported. Participants were followed up for 36 months and cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) with an interval of 18 months. Trajectories of cognitive change were compared between individuals with and without breakfast skipping. To reduce the risk of bias owing to unmatched sample sizes between the groups, we conducted 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) based on age, sex, education level, and ApoE genotype.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>At baseline and 18-month follow-up, no difference was found in MMSE scores between participants with and without breakfast skipping. However, those who habitually skipped breakfast had significantly lower MMSE scores than those who did not at 36-month follow-up. Individuals with habitual breakfast skipping had a steeper rate of cognitive decline than those without habitual breakfast skipping during follow-up. Breakfast skipping was a risk factor for longitudinal cognitive decline, defined as a decrease in MMSE scores of ≥3, adjusted for age, sex, education, body mass index, ApoE ε4 carrier status, hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. At the last follow-up, participants who habitually skipped breakfast had significantly higher levels of ptau181 and NfL than those who did not. In the PSM cohort, similar findings were obtained regarding cognitive trajectories and plasma biomarkers.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Breakfast skipping was linked to an increased risk of long-term cognitive decline and neurodegeneration among older adults. The link between unhealthy dietary habits and cognitive decline may be attributed to a deficiency in neurorestoration resulting from inadequate energy consumption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":44709,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurorestoratology","volume":"13 2","pages":"Article 100173"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143175104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01Epub Date: 2025-01-17DOI: 10.1016/j.jnrt.2025.100187
Yanteng Li , Runzi Wang , Fang Xie , Lingjia Qian , Yong Zhang , Jianning Zhang
Background
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a serious mental disorder. Current treatments, typically using serotonin reuptake inhibitors, have limited effectiveness and often cause severe adverse effects. In the present study, we investigated whether Compound B vitamins (VBco) have protective effects in improving PTSD-like behaviors and the possible related molecular mechanisms in a rat model of single prolonged stress (SPS).
Methods
Eighty adult male rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 20): control (CTRL), SPS, VBco control (CTRL-VBco), and SPS and VBco (SPS-VBco). After modeling, behavioral tests (including open field test, forced swimming test, sucrose preference test, fear conditioning test) were conducted. Blood was collected to detect plasma homocysteine (Hcy) concentrations. Brain tissue was collected for mitochondrial function analysis, western blotting, and quantitative real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR).
Results
VBco reduced plasma Hcy levels significantly 1 week post-SPS. The SPS-VBco group showed decreased grooming times and increased movement speed in the open field test, less resting time in the forced swim test, increased sucrose preference ratios in the sucrose preference test, and less freezing time in the fear conditioning test. VBco increased the expression of mRNA for subunits of respiratory chain-related protein in hippocampal mitochondria and improved mitochondrial complex I and IV activity and membrane potential in hippocampus. VBco reversed SPS-induced mtND1 and mtND3 methylation in hippocampal mitochondria. VBco downregulated the levels of methyltransferases (DNMT1, DNMT3A, DNMT3B) in hippocampal mitochondria.
Conclusion
VBco can inhibit hippocampal mitochondrial DNA methylation effectively. This may be one of the mechanisms by which it attenuates PTSD-like behaviors.
{"title":"Compound B vitamins mitigate post-traumatic stress disorder-like behaviors induced by single prolonged stress in rats by inhibiting hippocampal mitochondrial DNA methylation","authors":"Yanteng Li , Runzi Wang , Fang Xie , Lingjia Qian , Yong Zhang , Jianning Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jnrt.2025.100187","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnrt.2025.100187","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a serious mental disorder. Current treatments, typically using serotonin reuptake inhibitors, have limited effectiveness and often cause severe adverse effects. In the present study, we investigated whether Compound B vitamins (VBco) have protective effects in improving PTSD-like behaviors and the possible related molecular mechanisms in a rat model of single prolonged stress (SPS).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Eighty adult male rats were randomly divided into four groups (<em>n</em> = 20): control (CTRL), SPS, VBco control (CTRL-VBco), and SPS and VBco (SPS-VBco). After modeling, behavioral tests (including open field test, forced swimming test, sucrose preference test, fear conditioning test) were conducted. Blood was collected to detect plasma homocysteine (Hcy) concentrations. Brain tissue was collected for mitochondrial function analysis, western blotting, and quantitative real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>VBco reduced plasma Hcy levels significantly 1 week post-SPS. The SPS-VBco group showed decreased grooming times and increased movement speed in the open field test, less resting time in the forced swim test, increased sucrose preference ratios in the sucrose preference test, and less freezing time in the fear conditioning test. VBco increased the expression of mRNA for subunits of respiratory chain-related protein in hippocampal mitochondria and improved mitochondrial complex I and IV activity and membrane potential in hippocampus. VBco reversed SPS-induced mtND1 and mtND3 methylation in hippocampal mitochondria. VBco downregulated the levels of methyltransferases (DNMT1, DNMT3A, DNMT3B) in hippocampal mitochondria.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>VBco can inhibit hippocampal mitochondrial DNA methylation effectively. This may be one of the mechanisms by which it attenuates PTSD-like behaviors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":44709,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurorestoratology","volume":"13 2","pages":"Article 100187"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143510608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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