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Analysis of land use change features in the process of town development and its impact on ecological protection 城镇发展过程中土地利用变化特征及其对生态保护的影响分析
IF 1 Q3 URBAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-07-06 DOI: 10.1680/jurdp.22.00057
L. Chen
During the development of towns, there are constant changes in the way of land use. This paper took a town in Hebei province as an example, obtained its remote sensing data, analyzed the characteristics of land use changes and the impact on ecological protection in the area between 2013 and 2020, and calculated the degree of diversity, dynamic degree, and ecological index. The results showed that from 2013 to 2020, the area of the cultivated land in the town decreased by 423.33 km2, the area of the forest land decreased by 25.15 km2, but the area of the construction land increased by 454.743 km2; the degree of diversity was relatively stable, the overall dynamic degree was 0.24%, the fragmentation and separation degrees decreased; the cultivated and construction lands changed most. This study can provide a reference for the subsequent land use planning of this town.
在城镇发展过程中,土地利用方式不断发生变化。本文以河北省某镇为例,获取其遥感数据,分析该地区2013 - 2020年土地利用变化特征及其对生态保护的影响,并计算其多样性程度、动态性程度和生态指数。结果表明:2013 - 2020年,全镇耕地面积减少423.33 km2,林地面积减少25.15 km2,建设用地面积增加454.743 km2;多样性程度相对稳定,整体动态性为0.24%,破碎化、分离度下降;耕地和建设用地变化最大。本研究可为该城镇后续的土地利用规划提供参考。
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引用次数: 0
Linking park utilization and place attachment. Towards liveable neighbourhoods 链接公园利用与场所依恋。迈向宜居社区
IF 1 Q3 URBAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-06-20 DOI: 10.1680/jurdp.22.00043
Amine Moulay, Norsidah Ujang, S. Maulan, Nora’asikin Abu Bakar, N. Ahmad
This study investigates the impact of place attachment on park utilisation through residents’ interaction. The correlation between place attachment attributes (functional, emotional and social attachments) and social interaction (engagement patterns and levels of interaction) is tested within Malaysian neighbourhood parks. The findings are based on systematic field observation and a questionnaire survey conducted with 387 residents in three Malaysian neighbourhoods. The results demonstrate a strong correlation between place attachment attributes and resident engagement with parks, thereby increasing the potential for social interactions. The level of functional attachment is strongly linked to both passive and active interactions. Hence, environmental planning and design researchers should further focus on the psychological attachment process of park users to provide more responsive and inclusive parks. Since functional attachment was found to be the key issue for promoting park use and social interaction, this study argues that giving further attention to residents’ functional needs regarding their parks will help mitigate the issue of underutilised parks and enhance neighbourhoods liveability. As the relationships between park utilisation and the influences of place attachment characteristics remain poorly understood, providing insight on how to include place attachment attributes in the design process of parks will enhance parks’ responsiveness.
本研究透过居民互动,探讨地点依恋对公园利用的影响。地点依恋属性(功能、情感和社会依恋)与社会互动(参与模式和互动水平)之间的相关性在马来西亚社区公园进行了测试。这些发现是基于系统的实地观察和对马来西亚三个社区的387名居民进行的问卷调查。结果表明,地点依恋属性与居民对公园的参与之间存在很强的相关性,从而增加了社会互动的潜力。功能性依恋的水平与被动和主动互动密切相关。因此,环境规划设计研究者应进一步关注公园使用者的心理依恋过程,以提供更具响应性和包容性的公园。由于功能依恋被发现是促进公园使用和社会互动的关键问题,本研究认为,进一步关注居民对公园的功能需求将有助于缓解公园未充分利用的问题,并提高社区的宜居性。由于公园利用与地点依恋特征影响之间的关系尚不清楚,因此,如何在公园设计过程中纳入地点依恋属性将有助于提高公园的响应性。
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引用次数: 0
Visual representation of safety in urban spaces: A tale of two neighbourhoods 城市空间安全的视觉表现:两个街区的故事
IF 1 Q3 URBAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI: 10.1680/jurdp.22.00037
A. Shahrad
Urban studies have addressed the role of the media with regard to the ways in which the production of news affects the practicing of urban life. Media promotes urban growth but also plays a role in the creation of negative images to places and neighbourhoods. This paper explores discourses of safety and security, illustrated in Swedish newspaper representations of two neighbourhoods in Malmö, Sweden, with different social status. Content analysis and discourse analysis methods were used to contribute to the understanding of potentiality as well as hindrances for a just urban planning. The overall result shows a negative image of Bellevuegården as a problematic area, whereas Västra Hamnen is presented as an attractive and safe neighbourhood. The study also identifies the interrelations and intertextuality between each neighbourhood and the city of Malmö as a whole. It is highlighted how Malmö has struggled with its negative reputation as a dangerous city. To favour one and disfavour another area does not contribute to equality and integration, which is the vision involved in the comprehensive planning of Malmö City. It has been concluded that the news media's representation of neighbourhoods has influenced how they are perceived, both by inhabitants and by society at large.
城市研究在新闻生产如何影响城市生活实践方面讨论了媒体的作用。媒体促进了城市的发展,但也在为地方和社区创造负面形象方面发挥了作用。本文探讨了安全和保障的话语,说明在瑞典报纸代表两个街区Malmö,瑞典,具有不同的社会地位。内容分析和话语分析的方法被用来帮助理解一个公正的城市规划的潜力和障碍。总体结果显示,bellevueg花园是一个有问题的地区,而Västra Hamnen则是一个有吸引力和安全的社区。该研究还确定了每个社区与整个Malmö城市之间的相互关系和互文性。它突出了Malmö如何与它作为一个危险城市的负面声誉作斗争。偏袒一个而不偏袒另一个地区无助于平等和一体化,这是Malmö城市综合规划所涉及的愿景。结论是,新闻媒体对社区的报道影响了居民和整个社会对社区的看法。
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引用次数: 0
Spatiotemporal analysis and prediction of urban evolution patterns using Artificial Neural Network tool 基于人工神经网络工具的城市演化格局时空分析与预测
IF 1 Q3 URBAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-05-25 DOI: 10.1680/jurdp.22.00046
Deshbhushan Patil, Rajiv Gupta
The precise quantification of Land Use Land Cover (LULC) plays a vital role in preserving sustainability, which is being affected by growing urbanization. The study proposes the comprehensive Geographical Information System (GIS) approach in integration with Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to analyse the past development patterns of the city for predicting future land transformations. In the present study, land transformations over the past three decades (for years 1990, 2000, 2010, 2015, and 2020) were analysed using classified maps for Jaipur city, India, as a case study, which reveals that the built-up land was increased by 46.55%. Subsequently, the simulated land transformation map for the year 2030 using the Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) and Cellular Automata (CA) anticipates that the built-up land would be increased by 12.68% by cutting down the barren land and vegetation by 9.44% and 3.24%, respectively. The simulation offers strong evidence that most of the medium-built-up land density municipality wards transform into high-density built-up land density wards during the next decade, which is visualized through the exclusively developed ward-by-ward built-up land density maps. The utilization of the simulated map in a proposed way helps to prepare the comprehensive micro-level urban development plan by incorporating natural resource conservation and land use planning.
土地利用和土地覆被(LULC)的精确量化在保持可持续性方面发挥着至关重要的作用,而这正受到日益增长的城市化的影响。本研究提出了综合地理信息系统(GIS)与人工神经网络(ANN)相结合的方法来分析城市过去的发展模式,以预测未来的土地变化。在本研究中,以印度斋浦尔市为例,利用分类地图分析了过去三十年(1990年、2000年、2010年、2015年和2020年)的土地变化,结果表明,该城市的建设用地增加了46.55%。随后,利用多层感知器(MLP)和元胞自动机(CA)模拟了2030年的土地转型图,预计通过减少9.44%和3.24%的荒地和植被,建设用地将增加12.68%。模拟提供了强有力的证据,表明大多数中等建设用地密度的直辖市在未来十年将转变为高密度的建设用地密度区,并通过专门开发的逐区建设用地密度图将其可视化。本文提出的模拟地图利用方法有助于编制综合微观层面的城市发展规划,将自然资源保护和土地利用规划相结合。
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引用次数: 0
The design and use of space in refugee camps: a case study of a contested terrain 难民营空间的设计和利用:一个有争议的地形的案例研究
IF 1 Q3 URBAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-04-20 DOI: 10.1680/jurdp.22.00068
H. AlWaer, M. Sibley, Ian Cooper
The urgency in providing basic shelter for a large, displaced and distressed population frequently means that the design of refugee camps follows a ‘generic top-down framework’ with basic humanitarian and techno-managerial planning strategies rising to the fore. These are usually based on a universal standardization for the allocation of ‘shelter’ and its repetition in a grid-based settlement layout. Camps are planned with an anticipation of removal and disassembly in the short or medium term. The standardization is based on the understanding that a camp is a short-term solution and typically results in a military-style modular spatial hierarchy with formally defined boundaries. This paper is based on a systematic review of literature in the public domain about the Al-Zaatari Syrian refugee camp in Jordan. Despite the originally imposed uniformity, against all odds, the story on the ground at this camp is one of a rapid transformation initially through collective determination. The UN ‘s strictly orthogonal grid was rapidly overlayed and reconfigured to support a preferred way of living anchored in continuity of the previous social and cultural norms of the refugee population. This paper illustrates these processes of adaptation and transformation and examines the evolving distribution of space between occupants, the expansion of opportunities for income generation, and the introduction of new housing typologies and services. Early interventions were collectively initiated. Qver time, the influence of informal market forces led to those with resources gained ascendancy over those with less.
为大量流离失所和痛苦的人口提供基本住所的紧迫性往往意味着难民营的设计遵循“通用的自上而下的框架”,基本的人道主义和技术管理规划战略日益突出。这些通常是基于“庇护所”分配的普遍标准化及其在基于网格的住区布局中的重复。营地的规划预计将在短期或中期拆除和拆除。标准化是基于这样一种理解,即营地是一种短期解决方案,通常会形成军事风格的模块化空间层次结构,具有正式定义的边界。本文是基于对公共领域关于约旦Al-Zaatari叙利亚难民营的文献的系统回顾。尽管最初是强制统一的,但尽管困难重重,这个营地的故事是一个最初通过集体决心迅速转变的故事。联合国严格的正交网格被迅速覆盖和重新配置,以支持一种首选的生活方式,这种生活方式植根于难民人口先前的社会和文化规范的连续性。本文阐述了这些适应和改造的过程,并研究了居住者之间空间分布的演变,创造收入的机会的扩大,以及新的住房类型和服务的引入。早期干预是集体发起的。随着时间的推移,非正式市场力量的影响导致那些拥有资源的人比那些没有资源的人获得优势。
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引用次数: 1
Application of multidimensional criteria to design refugee camps: A case study of Al Baqa'a camp, Jordan 多维标准在难民营设计中的应用:以约旦Al Baqa'a难民营为例
IF 1 Q3 URBAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-04-11 DOI: 10.1680/jurdp.22.00052
Rania Aburamadan
Humanistic needs of refugees are rarely acknowledged in the initial designs of refugee camps. Many camps evolve to become more than a simple temporary solution with generations of refugees spending many years in them. During this time, refugees experience multiple humanistic needs, such as social and cultural adequacy, belonging, sustainability, community integration, home adaptation and improved access to essential services. Considering these complex conceptualisations, a multidimensional approach to the design of refugee camps is needed in terms of urban planning development. In this perspective, the paper employs the case study of Baqa'a camp in Jordan to explore the use of integrated criteria specifications as a solution for capturing the multidimensional elements of refugees’ higher-level needs and their impact on urban planning development. Findings propose criteria based on the refugees’ needs. The criteria were formulated from literature based on human needs theories, international refugee studies and reports from humanitarian organisations and developed through fieldwork and observation in Baqa'a camp community. The outputs demonstrate how shelter requirements and urban organisation by NGOs, often based on time management, logistics and costs, differ from standards and criteria that address the humanistic needs and desires of people. With these assumptions, a multidimensional approach to meeting the needs of refugees living in warm and dry climates is proposed to support the multi-transitional levels of shelter and socio-spatial urban organisation and evolution taking place in refugee camps.
难民的人文需求在难民营的最初设计中很少得到承认。许多难民营演变成不仅仅是一个简单的临时解决方案,几代难民在其中度过了许多年。在此期间,难民经历了多种人文需求,如社会和文化充分性、归属感、可持续性、社区融合、家庭适应和改善获得基本服务的机会。考虑到这些复杂的概念,就城市规划发展而言,需要一种多维度的难民营设计方法。在这一视角下,本文通过对约旦Baqa’a难民营的案例研究,探索利用综合标准规范作为一种解决方案,以捕捉难民更高层次需求的多维要素及其对城市规划发展的影响。调查结果提出了基于难民需求的标准。这些标准是根据人类需求理论、国际难民研究和人道主义组织的报告制定的,并通过在巴卡难民营社区的实地调查和观察发展而来。这些产出表明,通常基于时间管理、后勤和成本的非政府组织的住房要求和城市组织如何不同于解决人们的人文需求和愿望的标准和标准。根据这些假设,提出了一种多维方法来满足生活在温暖和干燥气候中的难民的需求,以支持难民营中发生的住房和社会空间城市组织和演变的多过渡水平。
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引用次数: 0
Looking into shopping behavior and attitudes during the early transition phase of the COVID-19 pandemic 调查COVID-19大流行早期过渡阶段的购物行为和态度
IF 1 Q3 URBAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1680/jurdp.22.00018
Ibukun Titiloye, Xia Jin
As Covid-19 vaccination in the U.S. begins and hopes of a gradual return to normalcy are raised after much disruption in the shopping behavior of consumers, there is a need to examine consumers’ shopping patterns at different stages of the pandemic to adequately understand the potential impacts on shopping behavior. This study explored the shopping behavior of Florida residents during the early transition phase of the pandemic, using data collected from an online survey from February to April 2021. A comprehensive analysis was conducted examining the shopping patterns in terms of purchase frequency, expenditure, and shopping trip distance as well as individuals’ shopping attitudes. Further analysis of the shopping behavior was also carried out to investigate whether and how key demographic variables, including age, income, and gender, might be associated with their shopping patterns and attitudes. The analysis reveals that finding and comparing products were big motivators for using online shopping, while concerns about putting personal information online, shipping costs, and the return process may discourage online shopping. Women spent less than men but had significantly higher purchase frequencies than men. People generally liked shopping without interacting with anyone, which suggests that in-store shopping was not necessarily motivated by the need for social interactions. However, price, safety, and parking availability were the top factors in choosing the stores to shop from. Thus, urban and transportation planners should promote compact, mixed-use development and parking management strategies to reduce vehicle shopping trips and the need for separate trips for different purposes.
随着美国开始接种Covid-19疫苗,消费者的购物行为受到严重干扰,人们开始希望逐步恢复正常,有必要研究消费者在大流行不同阶段的购物模式,以充分了解对购物行为的潜在影响。本研究利用2021年2月至4月在线调查收集的数据,探讨了大流行早期过渡阶段佛罗里达州居民的购物行为。我们从购买频率、支出、购物行程距离以及个人购物态度等方面对购物模式进行了全面分析。研究人员还对购物行为进行了进一步分析,以调查包括年龄、收入和性别在内的关键人口统计变量是否以及如何与他们的购物模式和态度相关。分析显示,寻找和比较产品是网购的主要动机,而担心个人信息在网上发布、运费和退货过程可能会阻碍网购。女性的消费低于男性,但购买频率明显高于男性。人们通常喜欢在不与任何人互动的情况下购物,这表明店内购物不一定是出于社交互动的需要。然而,价格、安全性和停车位是选择商店的主要因素。因此,城市和交通规划者应促进紧凑、混合用途的发展和停车管理战略,以减少车辆购物行程和不同目的的单独行程的需要。
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引用次数: 0
The COVID-19 pandemic and urban density: a systematic literature review COVID-19大流行与城市密度:系统文献综述
IF 1 Q3 URBAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.1680/jurdp.22.00059
Pouria Boujari, Sajad Vahabi, Fatemeh Mahdi, Mahkameh Rezaee, M. S. Shahmiri
The role of density in the spread of the coronavirus pandemic is among the most critical concerns of urban designers and planners. To clarify this role, this systematic literature review is conducted on urban density and the COVID-19 infection and mortality rates in the context of urban design and planning. The studies were searched through three databases including Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science in March 2022 and were screened and reviewed based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Totally, 58 of the 3344 studies had pre-defined criteria. The results were categorized into four sections: population density, building density, built environment factors, and sociodemographic factors. Finally, directions are provided for future studies due to research gaps.
密度在冠状病毒大流行传播中的作用是城市设计师和规划者最关心的问题之一。为了明确这一作用,本研究在城市设计和规划的背景下,对城市密度与COVID-19感染和死亡率进行了系统的文献综述。这些研究于2022年3月通过Scopus、PubMed和Web of Science三个数据库进行检索,并根据系统评价和元分析(PRISMA)指南的首选报告项目进行筛选和审查。总共3344项研究中有58项具有预先定义的标准。结果分为四个部分:人口密度、建筑密度、建筑环境因素和社会人口因素。最后,针对研究存在的不足,提出了今后的研究方向。
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引用次数: 2
Investigating social sustainability in public housing: case studies of projects in Jordan 调查公共住房的社会可持续性:约旦项目案例研究
IF 1 Q3 URBAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.1680/jurdp.22.00053
Amal Abed, Ola Alzghoul
Social sustainability plays an important role in improving life quality as it can foster good relations between community members. However, this phenomenon, the main goal of which is to enhance residents’ wellbeing, has not been given enough consideration in the housing sector. A study was undertaken to assess social sustainability in public housing projects with different spatial organisation in Jordan. This was achieved through an exploratory mixed-method approach that utilised four case studies of public housing projects. Spatial analysis was done for each research setting based on design criteria extracted from sustainability principles, including housing type and affordability, compact development, mixed land use, public spaces, schools, access to quality transit, and walkability. A total of 474 responses were collected from residents of selected case studies to try to understand social sustainability in these residential neighbourhoods. Social sustainability was identified through six indicators: social equity, social capital, collective group and network, community stability, pride and sense of place, and safety and security. The results showed that spatial organisation and design criteria have a major or significant effect on social sustainability. They also indicated that other variables affect social sustainability, including length of residency, ownership and proper relationship between housing unit space and family size.
社会可持续性在提高生活质量方面发挥着重要作用,因为它可以促进社区成员之间的良好关系。然而,这种主要目的是提高居民福祉的现象,在住房部门没有得到足够的考虑。进行了一项研究,以评估约旦不同空间组织的公共住房项目的社会可持续性。这是通过一种探索性的混合方法来实现的,该方法利用了四个公共住房项目的案例研究。根据可持续性原则提取的设计标准,对每个研究环境进行了空间分析,包括住房类型和可负担性、紧凑型开发、混合土地使用、公共空间、学校、高质量交通和可步行性。为了了解这些居民区的社会可持续性,我们从选定的案例研究的居民中收集了474份回复。社会可持续性通过社会公平、社会资本、集体团体和网络、社区稳定、自豪感和地方感、安全和保障等6个指标来确定。结果表明,空间组织和设计标准对社会可持续性有重大或显著的影响。他们还指出影响社会可持续性的其他变量,包括居住时间、所有权以及住房单位空间与家庭规模之间的适当关系。
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引用次数: 1
Editorial: In urban planning and design, strengthening research design is crucial 社论:在城市规划设计中,加强研究设计至关重要
IF 1 Q3 URBAN STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1680/jurdp.2023.176.1.1
A. Elshater, Hisham Abusaada, H. AlWaer
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引用次数: 0
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Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Urban Design and Planning
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