Z. Shiravani, Fatemesadat Najib, M. Akbarzadeh-Jahromi, Mojgan Hajisafari Tafti
Introduction: Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) includes hydatiform mole, choriocarcinoma, placental site trophoblastic tumor, and epithelial trophoblastic tumor. Also, molar pregnancy can happen as an ectopic pregnancy. The coincidence of these complicated pregnancies seems to occur extremely rarely. Case presentation: Here, we presented a 26-year-old woman, nulli gravida with the first presentation of intrauterine complete molar pregnancy; she underwent suction curettage but was prompted to Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasm (GTN) and she received chemotherapy. During chemotherapy, she had severe abdominal pain and underwent laparotomy, and found an ectopic molar pregnancy in the fallopian tube. Salpingectomy was done and followed up with serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) level and again due to improper decrease of hCG levels, she was diagnosed as a heterotopic post-molar GTN and received methotrexate (MTX) in multiple doses, but she did not respond to MTX, so we started actionomycine-D (Act-D) for her. She was cured after receiving 5 courses of Act-D and now she is on her monthly follow-up with an hCG level. Conclusions: It is important to notice the likelihood of ectopic molar pregnancy or a heterotopic molar pregnancy in the case of managing molar pregnancy, especially when we encounter a case’s poor response to medical or surgical therapy.
{"title":"A Case of Persistent Intrauterine Molar Pregnancy with Final Diagnosis of Heterotopic Molar Pregnancy: A Very Rare Entity","authors":"Z. Shiravani, Fatemesadat Najib, M. Akbarzadeh-Jahromi, Mojgan Hajisafari Tafti","doi":"10.5812/ijcm-116981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijcm-116981","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) includes hydatiform mole, choriocarcinoma, placental site trophoblastic tumor, and epithelial trophoblastic tumor. Also, molar pregnancy can happen as an ectopic pregnancy. The coincidence of these complicated pregnancies seems to occur extremely rarely. Case presentation: Here, we presented a 26-year-old woman, nulli gravida with the first presentation of intrauterine complete molar pregnancy; she underwent suction curettage but was prompted to Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasm (GTN) and she received chemotherapy. During chemotherapy, she had severe abdominal pain and underwent laparotomy, and found an ectopic molar pregnancy in the fallopian tube. Salpingectomy was done and followed up with serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) level and again due to improper decrease of hCG levels, she was diagnosed as a heterotopic post-molar GTN and received methotrexate (MTX) in multiple doses, but she did not respond to MTX, so we started actionomycine-D (Act-D) for her. She was cured after receiving 5 courses of Act-D and now she is on her monthly follow-up with an hCG level. Conclusions: It is important to notice the likelihood of ectopic molar pregnancy or a heterotopic molar pregnancy in the case of managing molar pregnancy, especially when we encounter a case’s poor response to medical or surgical therapy.","PeriodicalId":44764,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer Management","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74047790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by high plasma glucose levels. In this disease, increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) results in DNA damage and multiple complications. L-carnitine (LC) has shown a potent antioxidant activity that may reduce oxidative stress. Objectives: This study aims at assaying the effect of LC on DNA damage in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and evaluating the changes in antioxidant markers and liver function enzymes after the administration of LC . Methods: In the present study, for induction of diabetes, we injected a single dose of streptozotocin (65 mg/kg) by the intraperitoneal route, and diabetic rats were treated with LC 200, 300, and 400 mg/kg daily for 3 weeks. We detected the DNA damage at 7, 14, and 21 days after induction diabetes by the comet assay method. The blood glucose level, plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were tested. Also, we measured the activity levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and intracellular glutathione (GSH). Results: The results of this study demonstrated the increasing amount of DNA damage with the amount and duration of hyperglycemia. L-carnitine treatment significantly decreased the parameters of genotoxicity such as % DNA in the tail, tail length, and tail moment over time. Moreover, the treatment of diabetic rats with LC 300 and 400 mg/kg/day after 21 days led to a remarkable decrease in blood glucose than diabetic rats. Also, we observed that LC can ameliorate enzyme liver function and reduce oxidative stress via enhancement of GSH and SOD levels. Conclusions: The results of this study indicated the protective effect of LC against DNA damage and oxidative stress in diabetic rats.
{"title":"L-carnitine Attenuates DNA Damage and Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Animals","authors":"Farzaneh Kanani, M. Etebari","doi":"10.5812/ijcm-116177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijcm-116177","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by high plasma glucose levels. In this disease, increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) results in DNA damage and multiple complications. L-carnitine (LC) has shown a potent antioxidant activity that may reduce oxidative stress. Objectives: This study aims at assaying the effect of LC on DNA damage in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and evaluating the changes in antioxidant markers and liver function enzymes after the administration of LC . Methods: In the present study, for induction of diabetes, we injected a single dose of streptozotocin (65 mg/kg) by the intraperitoneal route, and diabetic rats were treated with LC 200, 300, and 400 mg/kg daily for 3 weeks. We detected the DNA damage at 7, 14, and 21 days after induction diabetes by the comet assay method. The blood glucose level, plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were tested. Also, we measured the activity levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and intracellular glutathione (GSH). Results: The results of this study demonstrated the increasing amount of DNA damage with the amount and duration of hyperglycemia. L-carnitine treatment significantly decreased the parameters of genotoxicity such as % DNA in the tail, tail length, and tail moment over time. Moreover, the treatment of diabetic rats with LC 300 and 400 mg/kg/day after 21 days led to a remarkable decrease in blood glucose than diabetic rats. Also, we observed that LC can ameliorate enzyme liver function and reduce oxidative stress via enhancement of GSH and SOD levels. Conclusions: The results of this study indicated the protective effect of LC against DNA damage and oxidative stress in diabetic rats.","PeriodicalId":44764,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer Management","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88404890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Sarmadi, N. Izadi-mood, Marzieh Fakhari, R. Shahsiah, R. Miri, Maniya Mozafari
Background: Endometriosis is a common disease among women with the capacity to transform into ovarian neoplasms. KRAS mutation is a keystone in tumor-genesis of many malignant neoplasms. Objectives: In the current study, we investigated KRAS mutations in endometriosis-associated ovarian borderline and malignant epithelial tumors. Methods: The specimens of 42 consecutive patients undergoing a surgical procedure whose final diagnosis comprised endometriosis-associated borderline and malignant epithelial ovarian tumors including 12 borderline epithelial tumors and 30 ovarian epithelial carcinomas were histopathologically reviewed. All cases were evaluated regarding the type of tumor, differentiation and simultaneous presence of endometriosis or atypical endometriosis. DNA extraction from the selected paraffin block was done and mutation of codons 12 and 13 was assessed. Results: Due to the quality of genomic DNA for PCR study was not acceptable in 6 out of 42 cases, among remaining 36 cases, KRAS mutation was observed in 6 cases including 2 cases with mutations in 2nd base of 12th codon (G→T), 3 cases with substitution of G→A in the 2nd base of 12th codon, and one with substitution of G→T in the 1st base of 12th codon. Conclusions: We evaluated the KRAS mutation in the spectrum of ovarian epithelial tumors associated with endometriosis for treatment approaches including targeted therapies. Our results suggested a possible link between KRAS mutation and endometriosis-associated ovarian borderline and malignant tumors but there was no convincing evidence to prove a definite linkage.
{"title":"KRAS Mutation in Endometriosis-Associated Ovarian Borderline and Malignant Epithelial Tumors","authors":"S. Sarmadi, N. Izadi-mood, Marzieh Fakhari, R. Shahsiah, R. Miri, Maniya Mozafari","doi":"10.5812/ijcm-120754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijcm-120754","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Endometriosis is a common disease among women with the capacity to transform into ovarian neoplasms. KRAS mutation is a keystone in tumor-genesis of many malignant neoplasms. Objectives: In the current study, we investigated KRAS mutations in endometriosis-associated ovarian borderline and malignant epithelial tumors. Methods: The specimens of 42 consecutive patients undergoing a surgical procedure whose final diagnosis comprised endometriosis-associated borderline and malignant epithelial ovarian tumors including 12 borderline epithelial tumors and 30 ovarian epithelial carcinomas were histopathologically reviewed. All cases were evaluated regarding the type of tumor, differentiation and simultaneous presence of endometriosis or atypical endometriosis. DNA extraction from the selected paraffin block was done and mutation of codons 12 and 13 was assessed. Results: Due to the quality of genomic DNA for PCR study was not acceptable in 6 out of 42 cases, among remaining 36 cases, KRAS mutation was observed in 6 cases including 2 cases with mutations in 2nd base of 12th codon (G→T), 3 cases with substitution of G→A in the 2nd base of 12th codon, and one with substitution of G→T in the 1st base of 12th codon. Conclusions: We evaluated the KRAS mutation in the spectrum of ovarian epithelial tumors associated with endometriosis for treatment approaches including targeted therapies. Our results suggested a possible link between KRAS mutation and endometriosis-associated ovarian borderline and malignant tumors but there was no convincing evidence to prove a definite linkage.","PeriodicalId":44764,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer Management","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85270135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Seddiqui, Abdulshakur Shirpor, M. Kamal, Sultan Ahmad Halimi
Introduction: Intrapulmonary mature cystic teratoma is an extremely rare form of extragonadal teratoma that frequently presents with nonspecific clinical and radiologic findings. The first case was described by Mohr in 1839. It usually involves the upper lobes of the left lung. Case Presentation: In this report, we describe the first case of a 28-year-old woman from Kabul, Afghanistan, who was diagnosed with intrapulmonary mature cystic teratoma in the left upper lobe and complained of dry cough and hemoptysis 6 months before her admission. Preoperatively, the clinicians suggested a diagnosis of lung abscess based on the symptoms and radiological findings. Postoperatively, the lesion was diagnosed as intrapulmonary mature cystic teratoma by anatomopathological examination. Conclusions: Intrapulmonary mature cystic teratomas are usually misdiagnosed preoperatively due to nonspecific clinical symptoms, and indistinguishable radiographic findings, and should keep in the differential diagnosis of all cystic lesions. An accurate diagnosis is made by postoperative anatomopathological examination, and complete surgical resection of the lesion is considered the optimal treatment.
{"title":"A Case Report of Intrapulmonary Mature Cystic Teratoma of the Lung","authors":"R. Seddiqui, Abdulshakur Shirpor, M. Kamal, Sultan Ahmad Halimi","doi":"10.5812/ijcm-122538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijcm-122538","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Intrapulmonary mature cystic teratoma is an extremely rare form of extragonadal teratoma that frequently presents with nonspecific clinical and radiologic findings. The first case was described by Mohr in 1839. It usually involves the upper lobes of the left lung. Case Presentation: In this report, we describe the first case of a 28-year-old woman from Kabul, Afghanistan, who was diagnosed with intrapulmonary mature cystic teratoma in the left upper lobe and complained of dry cough and hemoptysis 6 months before her admission. Preoperatively, the clinicians suggested a diagnosis of lung abscess based on the symptoms and radiological findings. Postoperatively, the lesion was diagnosed as intrapulmonary mature cystic teratoma by anatomopathological examination. Conclusions: Intrapulmonary mature cystic teratomas are usually misdiagnosed preoperatively due to nonspecific clinical symptoms, and indistinguishable radiographic findings, and should keep in the differential diagnosis of all cystic lesions. An accurate diagnosis is made by postoperative anatomopathological examination, and complete surgical resection of the lesion is considered the optimal treatment.","PeriodicalId":44764,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer Management","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81809708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Shahani, Jafar Shakeri, K. Gilany, H. Zali, A. Tafti, A. Akbari, Seyed Hamid Jamaldini Ezabady, N. Ghasemi, M. Akbari
Background: Intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) is a novel approach to breast cancer (BC) treatment. Objectives: In this study, we compared the cellular and molecular effects of IORT-treated post-lumpectomy wound fluid (seroma) at the point of IOeRT versus IOxRT on the BC cell line. Methods: Immortalized human BC cell lines: MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and MCF10 were incubated with seroma from 3 groups of patients (as a pilot study). The first group received Intraoperative electron radiation therapy (IOeRT, Boost dose=12Gy), the second one received IOeRT (Radical dose=21Gy), and the third group was prescribed Intraoperative x-ray radiation therapy (IOxRT, X-ray=20Gy). Cellular and molecular tests were used to investigate how cells are influenced by the IORT-treated seroma. Results: We evaluated the effects of dose-time and source-dependent IORT-treated seroma on BC cell lines. In this study, we observed that IOxRT-treated seroma has the most significant effects on the reduction of proliferation, induced cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. Furthermore, inhibited migration and invasion of BC cell lines were compared to IOeRT -treated seroma. Conclusions: Although this is a pilot study, we suggest that at 24 h, the IORT (specifically IOxRT)-treated seroma may play an important protective role in the breast tumor bed, which is followed by local recurrence decreases.
{"title":"Dose-time and Source-dependent Analysis of Intraoperative Radiotherapy-treated Seroma on Breast Cancer Cell Types: A Pilot Study","authors":"M. Shahani, Jafar Shakeri, K. Gilany, H. Zali, A. Tafti, A. Akbari, Seyed Hamid Jamaldini Ezabady, N. Ghasemi, M. Akbari","doi":"10.5812/ijcm-99862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijcm-99862","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) is a novel approach to breast cancer (BC) treatment. Objectives: In this study, we compared the cellular and molecular effects of IORT-treated post-lumpectomy wound fluid (seroma) at the point of IOeRT versus IOxRT on the BC cell line. Methods: Immortalized human BC cell lines: MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and MCF10 were incubated with seroma from 3 groups of patients (as a pilot study). The first group received Intraoperative electron radiation therapy (IOeRT, Boost dose=12Gy), the second one received IOeRT (Radical dose=21Gy), and the third group was prescribed Intraoperative x-ray radiation therapy (IOxRT, X-ray=20Gy). Cellular and molecular tests were used to investigate how cells are influenced by the IORT-treated seroma. Results: We evaluated the effects of dose-time and source-dependent IORT-treated seroma on BC cell lines. In this study, we observed that IOxRT-treated seroma has the most significant effects on the reduction of proliferation, induced cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. Furthermore, inhibited migration and invasion of BC cell lines were compared to IOeRT -treated seroma. Conclusions: Although this is a pilot study, we suggest that at 24 h, the IORT (specifically IOxRT)-treated seroma may play an important protective role in the breast tumor bed, which is followed by local recurrence decreases.","PeriodicalId":44764,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer Management","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81749630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maria Tavakoli Ardakani, H. Ahadi, Hossein Bonakchi, S. Parkhideh, F. Tavakoli, M. Moshari, M. Soleimani, A. Hajifathali
Background: In apheresis, collecting an adequate number of CD34+ cells is required for successful autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT) procedure. It is difficult to harvest a sufficient number of stem cells in certain patients due to their old age and history of intensive chemotherapy. Plerixafor could mobilize stem cells and facilitate peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell collection. However, not enough information is available on the appropriate time intervals from plerixafor administration to apheresis. Objectives: In this study, we aimed at evaluating the level of peripheral blood CD34+ cells at plerixafor administration time and every three hours to identify the peak time of circulating CD34+ cells. Methods: Circulating CD34+ cells were enumerated by flow cytometry on day 4 post mobilization. Plerixafor was administered to patients with poor mobilization based on the count of peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cells. The number of circulating CD34+ cells was evaluated before and 3, 6, 9, and 12 hours after plerixafor administration to assess the time it takes for stem cells to reach their peak level. Results: The highest level of stem cell concentration was found in 9 hours after plerixafor administration with an increasing trend. A statistically significant relationship was also observed between factors including platelet count on the first day of GCSF injection and the day of stem cell infusion, leukocyte count on admission, and basal levels of CD34+ cells in peripheral blood and the amount of harvested stem cells. Conclusions: We demonstrated that plerixafor causes an incremental trend in CD34+ cells mobilization, reaching its peak after 9 hours. Further research should be performed to provide insights into graft cells’ population and hematologic and immunological recovery.
{"title":"Evaluation of CD34+ Cell Count at Different Time Points Following Plerixafor Administration in Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation","authors":"Maria Tavakoli Ardakani, H. Ahadi, Hossein Bonakchi, S. Parkhideh, F. Tavakoli, M. Moshari, M. Soleimani, A. Hajifathali","doi":"10.5812/ijcm-120241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijcm-120241","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In apheresis, collecting an adequate number of CD34+ cells is required for successful autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT) procedure. It is difficult to harvest a sufficient number of stem cells in certain patients due to their old age and history of intensive chemotherapy. Plerixafor could mobilize stem cells and facilitate peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell collection. However, not enough information is available on the appropriate time intervals from plerixafor administration to apheresis. Objectives: In this study, we aimed at evaluating the level of peripheral blood CD34+ cells at plerixafor administration time and every three hours to identify the peak time of circulating CD34+ cells. Methods: Circulating CD34+ cells were enumerated by flow cytometry on day 4 post mobilization. Plerixafor was administered to patients with poor mobilization based on the count of peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cells. The number of circulating CD34+ cells was evaluated before and 3, 6, 9, and 12 hours after plerixafor administration to assess the time it takes for stem cells to reach their peak level. Results: The highest level of stem cell concentration was found in 9 hours after plerixafor administration with an increasing trend. A statistically significant relationship was also observed between factors including platelet count on the first day of GCSF injection and the day of stem cell infusion, leukocyte count on admission, and basal levels of CD34+ cells in peripheral blood and the amount of harvested stem cells. Conclusions: We demonstrated that plerixafor causes an incremental trend in CD34+ cells mobilization, reaching its peak after 9 hours. Further research should be performed to provide insights into graft cells’ population and hematologic and immunological recovery.","PeriodicalId":44764,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer Management","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75727852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Radmanesh, M. Malekzadeh, G. Heidarirad, Mozhgan Mehri-Ardestani, F. Zayeri, M. Tansaz
Background: Vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA) usually occurs during and after menopause due to low estrogen levels and can cause frustrating symptoms. Existing treatments such as estrogen compounds have undesired side effects. Objectives: This study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of a chicken tallow product for vaginal use on subjective symptoms of VVA in women with breast cancer. Methods: Menopause induced by chemical drugs with subjective symptoms of VVA were selected from the Oncology-Radiotherapy Clinic of Shohadaye Tajrish Hospital between March and July 2020. Informed consent was obtained. Patients were instructed to apply 5g cream every other night before bedtime for 2 weeks, and 2 nights a week for the next 2 weeks and stop the medication. Patients were assessed at the time of initiation of medication, and 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks after initiation of the trial, and VVA subjective symptoms were assessed. VVA subjective symptom score (VVA-SSS) form was used to assess itching, burning, dryness, and dyspareunia, using a 5-point Likert scale. Data were, then, analyzed. Results: Fifty women were included in the study (age above 18 years). All 5 monitored indices (itching, burning, dryness, dyspareunia, and VVA subjective symptoms score) diminished after initiation of intervention and reached a minimum level after 4 weeks of intervention (1.10 ± 1.16 baseline to 0.04 ± 0.20 at 4 weeks for itching, 1.42 ± 1.09 to 0.04 ± 0.20 for burning, 2.68 ± 0.91 to 0.30 ± 0.54 for dryness, 2.96 ± 0.88 to 0.50 ± 0.61 for dyspareunia, and 8.12 ± 2.70 to 0.86 ± 1.07 for VVA-SSS). During the 4 weeks following discontinuation of treatment, the symptoms slightly increased but remained significantly lower than the baseline (P-value < 0.001 for all 5 indices at all monitored time points). Conclusions: The proposed treatment, rooted in Persian traditional medicine, may offer a safe and effective treatment for VVA symptoms in BCS.
{"title":"The Effect of a New Vaginal Cream (A Persian Medicine Product) on Subjective Symptoms of Vulvovaginal Atrophy in Breast Cancer Survivors","authors":"M. Radmanesh, M. Malekzadeh, G. Heidarirad, Mozhgan Mehri-Ardestani, F. Zayeri, M. Tansaz","doi":"10.5812/ijcm-120193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijcm-120193","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA) usually occurs during and after menopause due to low estrogen levels and can cause frustrating symptoms. Existing treatments such as estrogen compounds have undesired side effects. Objectives: This study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of a chicken tallow product for vaginal use on subjective symptoms of VVA in women with breast cancer. Methods: Menopause induced by chemical drugs with subjective symptoms of VVA were selected from the Oncology-Radiotherapy Clinic of Shohadaye Tajrish Hospital between March and July 2020. Informed consent was obtained. Patients were instructed to apply 5g cream every other night before bedtime for 2 weeks, and 2 nights a week for the next 2 weeks and stop the medication. Patients were assessed at the time of initiation of medication, and 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks after initiation of the trial, and VVA subjective symptoms were assessed. VVA subjective symptom score (VVA-SSS) form was used to assess itching, burning, dryness, and dyspareunia, using a 5-point Likert scale. Data were, then, analyzed. Results: Fifty women were included in the study (age above 18 years). All 5 monitored indices (itching, burning, dryness, dyspareunia, and VVA subjective symptoms score) diminished after initiation of intervention and reached a minimum level after 4 weeks of intervention (1.10 ± 1.16 baseline to 0.04 ± 0.20 at 4 weeks for itching, 1.42 ± 1.09 to 0.04 ± 0.20 for burning, 2.68 ± 0.91 to 0.30 ± 0.54 for dryness, 2.96 ± 0.88 to 0.50 ± 0.61 for dyspareunia, and 8.12 ± 2.70 to 0.86 ± 1.07 for VVA-SSS). During the 4 weeks following discontinuation of treatment, the symptoms slightly increased but remained significantly lower than the baseline (P-value < 0.001 for all 5 indices at all monitored time points). Conclusions: The proposed treatment, rooted in Persian traditional medicine, may offer a safe and effective treatment for VVA symptoms in BCS.","PeriodicalId":44764,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer Management","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81684096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Parvaneh Movahhed, A. Pourbagheri-Sigaroodi, Ali Anjam-Najmedini, R. Vahabpour, F. Kazerouni
Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. An in-depth understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlies tumor GC will lead to breakthroughs in the targeted treatment of GC. Based on multiple lines of evidence, death-associated protein kinase 3 (DAPK3) regulates both programmed cell death including apoptosis and autophagy. The widespread experimental evidence raises the possibility of using DAPK-based gene therapy strategies. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of overexpression of DAPK3 using the PEGFPN1 vector on the gastric adenocarcinoma cell line (MKN45). Methods: The MKN45 cell lines were cultured in a DMEM culture medium and, then, the recombinant vector PEGFPN1-DAPK3 was transfected into the cells by lipofectamine 2000. The effects of the overexpression of the DAPK3 gene on MKN45 cells were evaluated by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT), flow cytometry, and Real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) techniques. Results: Our findings indicated that overexpression of DAPK3 in MKN45 cells not only affects the expression of apoptosis-related genes but also changes the expression of autophagy-related genes. Additionally, overexpression of DAPK3 reduces the metabolic activity of cells. Conclusions: The overexpression of the DAPK3 gene can lead to cell death by both inducing apoptosis and autophagy pathways in the gastric adenocarcinoma cell line (MKN45). This anti-cancer activity may describe a hopeful strategy in the application of novel gene therapy for the treatment of gastric adenocarcinoma; however, further research is required to examine the clinical effectiveness of this strategy in GC treatment.
{"title":"Assessment of the Effect of Overexpression of Death-Associated Protein Kinases 3 Using PEGFPN1 on Gastric Adenocarcinoma Cell Line (MKN45)","authors":"Parvaneh Movahhed, A. Pourbagheri-Sigaroodi, Ali Anjam-Najmedini, R. Vahabpour, F. Kazerouni","doi":"10.5812/ijcm-118185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijcm-118185","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. An in-depth understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlies tumor GC will lead to breakthroughs in the targeted treatment of GC. Based on multiple lines of evidence, death-associated protein kinase 3 (DAPK3) regulates both programmed cell death including apoptosis and autophagy. The widespread experimental evidence raises the possibility of using DAPK-based gene therapy strategies. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of overexpression of DAPK3 using the PEGFPN1 vector on the gastric adenocarcinoma cell line (MKN45). Methods: The MKN45 cell lines were cultured in a DMEM culture medium and, then, the recombinant vector PEGFPN1-DAPK3 was transfected into the cells by lipofectamine 2000. The effects of the overexpression of the DAPK3 gene on MKN45 cells were evaluated by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT), flow cytometry, and Real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) techniques. Results: Our findings indicated that overexpression of DAPK3 in MKN45 cells not only affects the expression of apoptosis-related genes but also changes the expression of autophagy-related genes. Additionally, overexpression of DAPK3 reduces the metabolic activity of cells. Conclusions: The overexpression of the DAPK3 gene can lead to cell death by both inducing apoptosis and autophagy pathways in the gastric adenocarcinoma cell line (MKN45). This anti-cancer activity may describe a hopeful strategy in the application of novel gene therapy for the treatment of gastric adenocarcinoma; however, further research is required to examine the clinical effectiveness of this strategy in GC treatment.","PeriodicalId":44764,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer Management","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78316438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Izadi, K. Etemad, Parisa Mohseni, A. Khosravi, M. Akbari
Background: Cancer incidence is a major public health concern and one of the leading causes of premature death worldwide. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the death rate and years of life lost (YLL) due to cancer in Iran. Methods: In this study, death registration system (DRS) data in Iran was used. The Global Health Estimates (GHE-2016) cause categories and ICD-10 codes (C00-C97 and D00-D48) were assigned for deaths due to cancer. The crude, age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) via world standard population was measured, and also YLL due to cancer were calculated using standard life expectancy. Results: The DRS recorded 53,492 deaths due to cancer (58.82% males and 41.18% females). The cancer mortality rate was 66.92 per 100,000 population (77.7 and 55.87 per 100,000 population in men and women, respectively) and ASMR was 96.4 per 100,000 population (115.7 and 77 per 100,000 population for males and females, respectively). The total YLL due to premature death was 736,564 in males, 580,254 in females, and 1,316,818 in both sexes. Death due to stomach cancer, tracheal, bronchus, and lung, leukemia, brain, and nervous system cancer, and breast cancer comprised the largest YLL category among different cancer sites. Conclusions: Accounting for more than 1,300,000 YLL attributed to cancer, it is a major public health problem in Iran. Therefore, promoting the prevention and control programs and policies are necessary to improve health indicators and since some cancers are preventable, the burden can be reduced by controlling tobacco use, dietary interventions, and promoting physical activity.
{"title":"Mortality Rates and Years of Life Lost Due to Cancer in Iran: Analysis of Data from the National Death Registration System, 2016","authors":"N. Izadi, K. Etemad, Parisa Mohseni, A. Khosravi, M. Akbari","doi":"10.5812/ijcm-123633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijcm-123633","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cancer incidence is a major public health concern and one of the leading causes of premature death worldwide. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the death rate and years of life lost (YLL) due to cancer in Iran. Methods: In this study, death registration system (DRS) data in Iran was used. The Global Health Estimates (GHE-2016) cause categories and ICD-10 codes (C00-C97 and D00-D48) were assigned for deaths due to cancer. The crude, age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) via world standard population was measured, and also YLL due to cancer were calculated using standard life expectancy. Results: The DRS recorded 53,492 deaths due to cancer (58.82% males and 41.18% females). The cancer mortality rate was 66.92 per 100,000 population (77.7 and 55.87 per 100,000 population in men and women, respectively) and ASMR was 96.4 per 100,000 population (115.7 and 77 per 100,000 population for males and females, respectively). The total YLL due to premature death was 736,564 in males, 580,254 in females, and 1,316,818 in both sexes. Death due to stomach cancer, tracheal, bronchus, and lung, leukemia, brain, and nervous system cancer, and breast cancer comprised the largest YLL category among different cancer sites. Conclusions: Accounting for more than 1,300,000 YLL attributed to cancer, it is a major public health problem in Iran. Therefore, promoting the prevention and control programs and policies are necessary to improve health indicators and since some cancers are preventable, the burden can be reduced by controlling tobacco use, dietary interventions, and promoting physical activity.","PeriodicalId":44764,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer Management","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90808545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Touba Eslaminejad, S. Nematollahi-Mahani, Roghayeh Ershad Sarabi, M. Ohadi, Tahereh Eslaminejad, M. Ansari, Vida Mirzaie
Context: One of the most common aggressive and primary brain tumors is glioma. The majority of diagnoses are referred to high-grade malignant glioblastoma, which carries the worst prognosis. Still, treatment of brain tumors remains a big challenge for clinicians. This study was designed to investigate the efficacy of gene therapy in the treatment of brain cancer. Methods: Studies use genes as a therapeutic agent in brain cancer treatment even alone or in combination with other treatment methods. Full-text papers, which met the inclusion criteria, were independently assessed by two reviewers. Disagreements were resolved by consultation with a third reviewer. Results: Statistical analysis showed that 50% of the papers used a virus, 36% used polymers, and 14% used cells as carriers to transfect the genes as a therapeutic agent in brain tumor models. Data showed that the estimated size of the brain tumor was reduced by using co-treatment of the gene with one of the conventional therapies. Conclusions: According to the results, co-treatment of the gene with conventional therapies could be more effective than the monotherapy methods.
{"title":"Brain Cancer Treatment; A Systematic Review","authors":"Touba Eslaminejad, S. Nematollahi-Mahani, Roghayeh Ershad Sarabi, M. Ohadi, Tahereh Eslaminejad, M. Ansari, Vida Mirzaie","doi":"10.5812/ijcm-121473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijcm-121473","url":null,"abstract":"Context: One of the most common aggressive and primary brain tumors is glioma. The majority of diagnoses are referred to high-grade malignant glioblastoma, which carries the worst prognosis. Still, treatment of brain tumors remains a big challenge for clinicians. This study was designed to investigate the efficacy of gene therapy in the treatment of brain cancer. Methods: Studies use genes as a therapeutic agent in brain cancer treatment even alone or in combination with other treatment methods. Full-text papers, which met the inclusion criteria, were independently assessed by two reviewers. Disagreements were resolved by consultation with a third reviewer. Results: Statistical analysis showed that 50% of the papers used a virus, 36% used polymers, and 14% used cells as carriers to transfect the genes as a therapeutic agent in brain tumor models. Data showed that the estimated size of the brain tumor was reduced by using co-treatment of the gene with one of the conventional therapies. Conclusions: According to the results, co-treatment of the gene with conventional therapies could be more effective than the monotherapy methods.","PeriodicalId":44764,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer Management","volume":"113 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79410252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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