N. Nafissi, A. Bagheri, H. Vaseghi, Leyla Shojaee, Mina Zolnouri, S. Pompei, Batool Tayefi
Background: Breast cancer is still a major contributing factor to the burden of the disease worldwide. A single-stage implant-based reconstruction (IBR) lowers tissue morbidity, thus increasing overall aesthetic outcome and patient satisfaction. Objectives: Because of the high price of ADM and the lack of insurance coverage in Iran, we aimed at examining the results of using TIGR® mesh in patients with breast cancer. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted in Iran (Tehran) from 2016 to 2018. About 140 eligible patients with breast cancer were included and their information was collected and analyzed prospectively during the 3 years that they were referred to the surgery center in Tehran. The reconstruction was performed, as either direct-single staged, Implant + TIGR MESH, or delayed-multistage. Patient satisfaction was calculated after 1 year of follow-up, using Body Checking Questionnaire (BCQ) by applying the VAS scale. All statistical analyses were performed at a 95% significance level, using SPSS statistical software version. (Evidence-based medicine level: Level III, a prospective cohort). Results: The results of our study showed slightly more short-term complications than other studies due to the surgical team’s first experience in the surgery. Complications were infection (7.1%), epidermal necrosis (15.9%), and severe capsular contracture (14.2%). Seven patients (6.2%) had full-thickness skin necrosis, and the prosthesis was finally removed. The use of the TIGR Mesh did not increase the rate of complications, and only 5 implant losses in this group and 2 in the tissue expander group were reported. The levels of patients’ satisfaction in IBR and delayed-multistage groups were 44.4% and 12.7%, respectively. Conclusions: Our results showed that placement of TIGR MESH for lower pole support during IBR does not increase the complication rate. Additionally, patients’ satisfaction levels increased compared to traditional methods of reconstruction.
{"title":"Immediate Single Stage Implant-based Breast Reconstruction with or Without TIGR Mesh in Iranian Patients Undergoing Mastectomy: A Quasi-experimental Study","authors":"N. Nafissi, A. Bagheri, H. Vaseghi, Leyla Shojaee, Mina Zolnouri, S. Pompei, Batool Tayefi","doi":"10.5812/ijcm-130547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijcm-130547","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Breast cancer is still a major contributing factor to the burden of the disease worldwide. A single-stage implant-based reconstruction (IBR) lowers tissue morbidity, thus increasing overall aesthetic outcome and patient satisfaction. Objectives: Because of the high price of ADM and the lack of insurance coverage in Iran, we aimed at examining the results of using TIGR® mesh in patients with breast cancer. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted in Iran (Tehran) from 2016 to 2018. About 140 eligible patients with breast cancer were included and their information was collected and analyzed prospectively during the 3 years that they were referred to the surgery center in Tehran. The reconstruction was performed, as either direct-single staged, Implant + TIGR MESH, or delayed-multistage. Patient satisfaction was calculated after 1 year of follow-up, using Body Checking Questionnaire (BCQ) by applying the VAS scale. All statistical analyses were performed at a 95% significance level, using SPSS statistical software version. (Evidence-based medicine level: Level III, a prospective cohort). Results: The results of our study showed slightly more short-term complications than other studies due to the surgical team’s first experience in the surgery. Complications were infection (7.1%), epidermal necrosis (15.9%), and severe capsular contracture (14.2%). Seven patients (6.2%) had full-thickness skin necrosis, and the prosthesis was finally removed. The use of the TIGR Mesh did not increase the rate of complications, and only 5 implant losses in this group and 2 in the tissue expander group were reported. The levels of patients’ satisfaction in IBR and delayed-multistage groups were 44.4% and 12.7%, respectively. Conclusions: Our results showed that placement of TIGR MESH for lower pole support during IBR does not increase the complication rate. Additionally, patients’ satisfaction levels increased compared to traditional methods of reconstruction.","PeriodicalId":44764,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86385737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Elhidsi, J. Zaini, D. Soehardiman, Prasenohadi Pradono, M. Rasmin
Context: The accuracy of narrow-band imaging (NBI) is a technology imaging for the assessment of lung cancer. Objectives: We aimed at summarizing the diagnostic profile of NBI for the early diagnosis of airway cancer lesions. Methods: We used PubMed, Scopus, and EMBASE databases to search for eligible studies published up to October 2022. Eligible studies have investigated the diagnostic profile of bronchoscopy NBI for the early diagnosis of lung cancer. The index test was NBI bronchoscopy, and the reference test was the histopathological results of lung cancer based on the World Health Organization (WHO) classification. In eligible studies, the detected lesions were confirmed by histopathology. We extracted true positive (TP), true negative (TN), false positive (FP), and false negative (FN) from the eligible studies to calculate the diagnostic profile of NBI. the quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies-2 (QUADAS-2) assessment was used as a tool to assess the risk of bias. A random-effects model was used to pool the summary receiver operating characteristic curve, specificity, and sensitivity. Results: Five studies were included, involving 1267 subjects with 1850 biopsy specimens. The overall pooled sensitivity and specificity for NBI bronchoscopy for the early detection of airway cancer lesions were 98% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 89% - 100%) and 77% (95% CI: 62% - 88%), respectively. All I2 values for sensitivity and specificity were 35.93% and 85%, respectively, with a P-value of 0.001. The positive LR was 4.35 (95% CI: 2.51 - 7.54, P < 0.001), and the negative LR was 0.03 (95% CI: 0.01 - 0.14, P = 0.006). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.95 (95% CI: 0.92 - 0.96). Conclusions: Narrow-band imaging bronchoscopy can be used as a diagnostic modality for the early diagnosis of airway cancer lesions with good diagnostic accuracy.
{"title":"Accuracy of Narrow-Band Imaging Bronchoscopy for Early Diagnosis of Airway Cancer Lesions: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","authors":"M. Elhidsi, J. Zaini, D. Soehardiman, Prasenohadi Pradono, M. Rasmin","doi":"10.5812/ijcm-133783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijcm-133783","url":null,"abstract":"Context: The accuracy of narrow-band imaging (NBI) is a technology imaging for the assessment of lung cancer. Objectives: We aimed at summarizing the diagnostic profile of NBI for the early diagnosis of airway cancer lesions. Methods: We used PubMed, Scopus, and EMBASE databases to search for eligible studies published up to October 2022. Eligible studies have investigated the diagnostic profile of bronchoscopy NBI for the early diagnosis of lung cancer. The index test was NBI bronchoscopy, and the reference test was the histopathological results of lung cancer based on the World Health Organization (WHO) classification. In eligible studies, the detected lesions were confirmed by histopathology. We extracted true positive (TP), true negative (TN), false positive (FP), and false negative (FN) from the eligible studies to calculate the diagnostic profile of NBI. the quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies-2 (QUADAS-2) assessment was used as a tool to assess the risk of bias. A random-effects model was used to pool the summary receiver operating characteristic curve, specificity, and sensitivity. Results: Five studies were included, involving 1267 subjects with 1850 biopsy specimens. The overall pooled sensitivity and specificity for NBI bronchoscopy for the early detection of airway cancer lesions were 98% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 89% - 100%) and 77% (95% CI: 62% - 88%), respectively. All I2 values for sensitivity and specificity were 35.93% and 85%, respectively, with a P-value of 0.001. The positive LR was 4.35 (95% CI: 2.51 - 7.54, P < 0.001), and the negative LR was 0.03 (95% CI: 0.01 - 0.14, P = 0.006). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.95 (95% CI: 0.92 - 0.96). Conclusions: Narrow-band imaging bronchoscopy can be used as a diagnostic modality for the early diagnosis of airway cancer lesions with good diagnostic accuracy.","PeriodicalId":44764,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80241857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Jafarpour, A. Moeini, Niloofar Maryami, A. Nahvijou, Ayoub Mohammadian
Background: The algorithmic classification of infected and healthy individuals by gene expression has been a topic of interest to researchers in numerous domains, including cancer. Several studies have presented numerous solutions, such as neural networks and support vector machines (SVMs), to classify a diverse range of cancer cases. Such classifications have provided some degrees of accuracy, which highly depend on optimization approaches and suitable kernels. Objectives: This study aimed at proposing a method to classify cancer-prone and healthy cases under breast cancer and colorectal cancer (CRC), using machine learning methods efficiently, increasing the accuracy of the classification process. Methods: This study presented an algorithm to diagnose individuals prone to breast cancer and CRC. The novelty of this algorithm lies in its suitable kernel and the feature extraction approach. By the application of this algorithm, this study first identified the genes closely associated with these types of cancers and, then, tried to find individuals susceptible to the concerned cancers using SVM. The present study highlighted the indirect gene expressions associated with these cancers, which might show health status complications for the patients. To this end, the algorithm consists of SVMs in conjunction with the k-fold method for validation. Results: The results confirmed the superior performance of this approach, compared to the common neural networks. The algorithm’s identification accuracy values were 98.077% and 99.806% for breast cancer and CRC, respectively. The graphic representation of the cause-effect relationships was also provided to help researchers better understand the trend of cancer or other types of diseases. Conclusions: The feature extraction method highly affects the accuracy of the classification. In addition, relying on indirect disease-triggering genes’ expressions highlights a cause-effect relationship between genes and diseases. Such relationships can form Markov models in the clinical domain leading to treatment paths and prediction of patient outcomes.
{"title":"Classification of Potential Breast/Colorectal Cancer Cases Using Machine Learning Methods","authors":"M. Jafarpour, A. Moeini, Niloofar Maryami, A. Nahvijou, Ayoub Mohammadian","doi":"10.5812/ijcm-135724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijcm-135724","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The algorithmic classification of infected and healthy individuals by gene expression has been a topic of interest to researchers in numerous domains, including cancer. Several studies have presented numerous solutions, such as neural networks and support vector machines (SVMs), to classify a diverse range of cancer cases. Such classifications have provided some degrees of accuracy, which highly depend on optimization approaches and suitable kernels. Objectives: This study aimed at proposing a method to classify cancer-prone and healthy cases under breast cancer and colorectal cancer (CRC), using machine learning methods efficiently, increasing the accuracy of the classification process. Methods: This study presented an algorithm to diagnose individuals prone to breast cancer and CRC. The novelty of this algorithm lies in its suitable kernel and the feature extraction approach. By the application of this algorithm, this study first identified the genes closely associated with these types of cancers and, then, tried to find individuals susceptible to the concerned cancers using SVM. The present study highlighted the indirect gene expressions associated with these cancers, which might show health status complications for the patients. To this end, the algorithm consists of SVMs in conjunction with the k-fold method for validation. Results: The results confirmed the superior performance of this approach, compared to the common neural networks. The algorithm’s identification accuracy values were 98.077% and 99.806% for breast cancer and CRC, respectively. The graphic representation of the cause-effect relationships was also provided to help researchers better understand the trend of cancer or other types of diseases. Conclusions: The feature extraction method highly affects the accuracy of the classification. In addition, relying on indirect disease-triggering genes’ expressions highlights a cause-effect relationship between genes and diseases. Such relationships can form Markov models in the clinical domain leading to treatment paths and prediction of patient outcomes.","PeriodicalId":44764,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76666150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shadi nouri, Navid Mirhosseini, Nazanin Naghibi, M. Hasanian
Background: Hematologic malignancies are the fifth most common malignancies worldwide. Pulmonary symptoms are among the patient’s common complaints. Early diagnosis based on patient symptoms, laboratory testing, and imaging may lead to an appropriate therapeutic approach. Objectives: To evaluate thoracic computed tomography (CT) scan findings in known cases of hematologic malignancy with acute respiratory symptoms. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 patients with hematologic malignancies admitted to Khansari cancer center for acute pulmonary symptoms, from December 2019 to May 2020. Collected data included demographic data, physical examination, laboratory tests and findings of thoracic CT images. Descriptive analysis and chi-Square test were performed to analyze the data using SPSS version 20. Results: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma was the most common malignancy, accounting for 48% of total cases. The most common radiological findings included atelectasis (49%), followed by pleural effusion (42%), mediastinal lymphadenopathy (38.5%), consolidation (37%), and ground-glass opacities (33.5%). Mediastinal lymphadenopathy was more prevalent in patients diagnosed with lymphoma. Among pulmonary pathologies, pneumonia was the most prevalent disease (41.5%), followed by small airway disease (13.5%), mediastinal lymphadenopathy (12.5%), chronic pulmonary disease (6.5%), and pulmonary metastasis (6%). Normal thoracic CT scan was detected in 20% of participants. Overall assessment of clinical symptoms, laboratory tests, and imaging findings did not lead to the diagnosis of acute lung involvement in 5.5% of study participants, because complete clinical data were not available in some participants. Conclusions: Assessment of the most common thoracic imaging findings in patients diagnosed with hematologic malignancies, may help make better diagnosis and planning of a rapid therapeutic approach.
背景:血液恶性肿瘤是世界上第五大最常见的恶性肿瘤。肺部症状是病人的常见主诉之一。基于患者症状、实验室检查和影像学的早期诊断可能导致适当的治疗方法。目的:评价已知血液恶性肿瘤合并急性呼吸道症状的胸部CT表现。方法:对2019年12月至2020年5月期间因急性肺部症状入住Khansari癌症中心的200例血液系统恶性肿瘤患者进行横断面研究。收集的资料包括人口统计资料、体格检查、实验室检查和胸部CT图像的发现。采用SPSS version 20对数据进行描述性分析和卡方检验。结果:非霍奇金淋巴瘤是最常见的恶性肿瘤，占总病例的48%。最常见的影像学表现包括肺不张(49%)，其次是胸腔积液(42%)、纵隔淋巴结病(38.5%)、实变(37%)和毛玻璃混浊(33.5%)。纵膈淋巴结病在诊断为淋巴瘤的患者中更为普遍。在肺部疾病中，肺炎是最常见的疾病(41.5%)，其次是小气道疾病(13.5%)、纵隔淋巴结病(12.5%)、慢性肺病(6.5%)和肺转移(6%)。20%的参与者胸部CT扫描正常。5.5%的研究参与者对临床症状、实验室检查和影像学结果进行了全面评估，但没有诊断出急性肺部受累，因为一些参与者没有完整的临床资料。结论:评估血液学恶性肿瘤患者最常见的胸部影像学表现，可能有助于更好地诊断和制定快速治疗方案。
{"title":"Thoracic CT Scan Findings in Patients with Confirmed Hematologic Malignancies Admitted to the Hospital with Acute Pulmonary Symptoms","authors":"Shadi nouri, Navid Mirhosseini, Nazanin Naghibi, M. Hasanian","doi":"10.5812/ijcm-132914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijcm-132914","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hematologic malignancies are the fifth most common malignancies worldwide. Pulmonary symptoms are among the patient’s common complaints. Early diagnosis based on patient symptoms, laboratory testing, and imaging may lead to an appropriate therapeutic approach. Objectives: To evaluate thoracic computed tomography (CT) scan findings in known cases of hematologic malignancy with acute respiratory symptoms. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 patients with hematologic malignancies admitted to Khansari cancer center for acute pulmonary symptoms, from December 2019 to May 2020. Collected data included demographic data, physical examination, laboratory tests and findings of thoracic CT images. Descriptive analysis and chi-Square test were performed to analyze the data using SPSS version 20. Results: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma was the most common malignancy, accounting for 48% of total cases. The most common radiological findings included atelectasis (49%), followed by pleural effusion (42%), mediastinal lymphadenopathy (38.5%), consolidation (37%), and ground-glass opacities (33.5%). Mediastinal lymphadenopathy was more prevalent in patients diagnosed with lymphoma. Among pulmonary pathologies, pneumonia was the most prevalent disease (41.5%), followed by small airway disease (13.5%), mediastinal lymphadenopathy (12.5%), chronic pulmonary disease (6.5%), and pulmonary metastasis (6%). Normal thoracic CT scan was detected in 20% of participants. Overall assessment of clinical symptoms, laboratory tests, and imaging findings did not lead to the diagnosis of acute lung involvement in 5.5% of study participants, because complete clinical data were not available in some participants. Conclusions: Assessment of the most common thoracic imaging findings in patients diagnosed with hematologic malignancies, may help make better diagnosis and planning of a rapid therapeutic approach.","PeriodicalId":44764,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78361274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Context: Lung cancer (LC) is one of the common diseases in the pulmonary system, which is defined as the uncontrolled growth of cells in the lung tissue. Objectives: The present investigation was conducted with the aim of the prevalence of LC in Iran by meta-analysis method. Methods: In this meta-analysis study, the articles that were conducted to determine age-standardized incidence rates (ASRs) in the field of LC were included in the study. The inclusion criteria included determining the number of ASRs in Iranian LC patients, reporting the sample size in men and women groups, and publishing articles between 2000 and January 2023. Data were analyzed, using CMA software. Results: In this meta-analysis study, 889 articles were found in the initial search, and after the final search, 23 articles were included in the meta-analysis stage. Out of the 22 final articles, the prevalence of LC was 3.7% (95% CI, 2.6 - 5.3) in women and 7.1% (95% CI, 5.7 - 9) in males. Conclusions: Considering that the incidence rate of LC in this study was high, it is essential to carry out necessary preventive interventions in this field.
{"title":"Incidence Trend of Lung Cancer in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","authors":"Elham Bastani, F. Shokri","doi":"10.5812/ijcm-135020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijcm-135020","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Lung cancer (LC) is one of the common diseases in the pulmonary system, which is defined as the uncontrolled growth of cells in the lung tissue. Objectives: The present investigation was conducted with the aim of the prevalence of LC in Iran by meta-analysis method. Methods: In this meta-analysis study, the articles that were conducted to determine age-standardized incidence rates (ASRs) in the field of LC were included in the study. The inclusion criteria included determining the number of ASRs in Iranian LC patients, reporting the sample size in men and women groups, and publishing articles between 2000 and January 2023. Data were analyzed, using CMA software. Results: In this meta-analysis study, 889 articles were found in the initial search, and after the final search, 23 articles were included in the meta-analysis stage. Out of the 22 final articles, the prevalence of LC was 3.7% (95% CI, 2.6 - 5.3) in women and 7.1% (95% CI, 5.7 - 9) in males. Conclusions: Considering that the incidence rate of LC in this study was high, it is essential to carry out necessary preventive interventions in this field.","PeriodicalId":44764,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76332294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Zabihi, Mobina Zamani, A. Vallard, N. Magné, D. Moslemi
Background: Acute radiodermatitis (ARD) is a common side effect of breast cancer radiotherapy. It includes erythema, burning sensation, swelling, epilation, desquamation, ulceration, or necrosis. So far, there has been no consensus about the best practice in preventing /treating ARD. Objectives: This is the first study to assess the efficacy of topical phenytoin in the prevention and treatment of ARD. Methods: This prospective randomized double-blind trial was a placebo-controlled study. A total of 70 patients with breast cancer were included. They were referred for breast radiotherapy after radical mastectomy. Patients were randomly assigned to either the topical phenytoin or placebo group. Both ointments were applied twice and daily on affected areas of the chest. Acute radiodermatitis was evaluated every week, for 5 weeks, during radiotherapy. A blinded-to-treatment physician used the “(radiation therapy oncology group) RTOG dermatitis scoring” to do so. Results: During the first 3 weeks, ARD was neither severe (RTOG < 2) nor statistically different between the two treatment groups (P > 0.05). However, after the 3rd week, the ARD score was lower in phenytoin group than in the placebo group (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Phenytoin topical ointment could postpone the occurrence and/or decrease the severity of ARD in patients with breast cancer.
{"title":"Topical Phenytoin Versus Placebo in the Management of Acute Radiation-Induced Dermatitis in Patients with Breast Cancer: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"E. Zabihi, Mobina Zamani, A. Vallard, N. Magné, D. Moslemi","doi":"10.5812/ijcm-125163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijcm-125163","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Acute radiodermatitis (ARD) is a common side effect of breast cancer radiotherapy. It includes erythema, burning sensation, swelling, epilation, desquamation, ulceration, or necrosis. So far, there has been no consensus about the best practice in preventing /treating ARD. Objectives: This is the first study to assess the efficacy of topical phenytoin in the prevention and treatment of ARD. Methods: This prospective randomized double-blind trial was a placebo-controlled study. A total of 70 patients with breast cancer were included. They were referred for breast radiotherapy after radical mastectomy. Patients were randomly assigned to either the topical phenytoin or placebo group. Both ointments were applied twice and daily on affected areas of the chest. Acute radiodermatitis was evaluated every week, for 5 weeks, during radiotherapy. A blinded-to-treatment physician used the “(radiation therapy oncology group) RTOG dermatitis scoring” to do so. Results: During the first 3 weeks, ARD was neither severe (RTOG < 2) nor statistically different between the two treatment groups (P > 0.05). However, after the 3rd week, the ARD score was lower in phenytoin group than in the placebo group (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Phenytoin topical ointment could postpone the occurrence and/or decrease the severity of ARD in patients with breast cancer.","PeriodicalId":44764,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79918743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Liver cancer accounts for more than 700,000 deaths each year making it the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Late diagnosis of the disease is the reason behind most deaths. Driver mutations are genetic alterations in tumor cells, which are responsible for the development of liver cancer; therefore, the identification of genetic biomarkers is necessary for the prediction and early diagnosis of liver cancer. Objectives: The main objective of this study is to identify pathogenic alleles that may act as potential biomarkers for the prediction of liver cancer. It also identifies the role of novel genes in liver cancer that are not known to cause the disease. Methods: The mutation data of non-coding variants were downloaded from the catalogue of somatic mutations in cancer (COSMIC) databases. Different bioinformatics tools were, then, used to retrieve mutations in liver cancer. The genetic alterations in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were analyzed. Results: The present study successfully identified pathogenic alleles (consistent mutations) along with a set of novel genes that might be involved in the development of liver cancer. It identified non-coding mutations near human genes and transcription factor binding sites of HepG2 cells. This study also identified mutations near the genes that are involved in the Ras/MAFK signaling pathway of the Hepatitis B virus. Conclusions: The pathogenic alleles identified in this study may provide targeted therapy for the treatment of liver cancer. The identification of novel genes may help to understand the progression of liver cancer at the molecular level. The identified driver mutations may act as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for early prediction and treatment of liver cancer.
{"title":"Identification of Liver Cancer Driver Mutations from COSMIC Data","authors":"Amna Amin Sethi, N. Shar","doi":"10.5812/ijcm-131281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijcm-131281","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Liver cancer accounts for more than 700,000 deaths each year making it the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Late diagnosis of the disease is the reason behind most deaths. Driver mutations are genetic alterations in tumor cells, which are responsible for the development of liver cancer; therefore, the identification of genetic biomarkers is necessary for the prediction and early diagnosis of liver cancer. Objectives: The main objective of this study is to identify pathogenic alleles that may act as potential biomarkers for the prediction of liver cancer. It also identifies the role of novel genes in liver cancer that are not known to cause the disease. Methods: The mutation data of non-coding variants were downloaded from the catalogue of somatic mutations in cancer (COSMIC) databases. Different bioinformatics tools were, then, used to retrieve mutations in liver cancer. The genetic alterations in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were analyzed. Results: The present study successfully identified pathogenic alleles (consistent mutations) along with a set of novel genes that might be involved in the development of liver cancer. It identified non-coding mutations near human genes and transcription factor binding sites of HepG2 cells. This study also identified mutations near the genes that are involved in the Ras/MAFK signaling pathway of the Hepatitis B virus. Conclusions: The pathogenic alleles identified in this study may provide targeted therapy for the treatment of liver cancer. The identification of novel genes may help to understand the progression of liver cancer at the molecular level. The identified driver mutations may act as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for early prediction and treatment of liver cancer.","PeriodicalId":44764,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72752810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hamid Barghbani, N. Heshmatifar, N. Mahdavifar, Batol Keykhosravi, M. Ansari
Background: Informal caregivers provide long-term support and care for cancer patients and they do not receive enough support from the family and the health system; as a result, they suffer from a lot of caregiver burden. Objectives: In the current study, we investigated the effect of the Benson relaxation technique on caregiver burden in informal caregivers of cancer patients. Methods: This randomized clinical trial with a control group was conducted on 113 caregivers, who scored X ≥ 48 from the Novak and Guest caregiver burden inventory. They were randomly divided into intervention group (n = 57) and control group (n = 56). The intervention group performed Benson relaxation twice a day for 20 minutes each time for 1 month. The control group did not receive any intervention. Then, after 1 month, Novak and Guest caregiver burden questionnaire was completed by both groups. The conceptual framework for this study was based on the general system theory modified by Ludwig Von Bertalanffy. Results: The mean score of the total caregiver burden before the intervention in the intervention and control groups was 71.16 ± 14.42 and 74.47 ± 15.16, respectively. After the intervention, the mean score of the total care burden in the intervention and control groups changed to 57.21 ± 14.66 and 75.47 ± 13.94, respectively. Data analysis shows a significant decrease in the intervention group (P = 0.000). Conclusions: The results showed that the Benson relaxation technique as a cheap and non-pharmacological method effectively reduces the caregiver burden in informal caregivers of cancer patients.
{"title":"The Effect of Benson Relaxation Technique on Caregiver Burden in the Informal Caregivers of Cancer Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Hamid Barghbani, N. Heshmatifar, N. Mahdavifar, Batol Keykhosravi, M. Ansari","doi":"10.5812/ijcm-131622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijcm-131622","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Informal caregivers provide long-term support and care for cancer patients and they do not receive enough support from the family and the health system; as a result, they suffer from a lot of caregiver burden. Objectives: In the current study, we investigated the effect of the Benson relaxation technique on caregiver burden in informal caregivers of cancer patients. Methods: This randomized clinical trial with a control group was conducted on 113 caregivers, who scored X ≥ 48 from the Novak and Guest caregiver burden inventory. They were randomly divided into intervention group (n = 57) and control group (n = 56). The intervention group performed Benson relaxation twice a day for 20 minutes each time for 1 month. The control group did not receive any intervention. Then, after 1 month, Novak and Guest caregiver burden questionnaire was completed by both groups. The conceptual framework for this study was based on the general system theory modified by Ludwig Von Bertalanffy. Results: The mean score of the total caregiver burden before the intervention in the intervention and control groups was 71.16 ± 14.42 and 74.47 ± 15.16, respectively. After the intervention, the mean score of the total care burden in the intervention and control groups changed to 57.21 ± 14.66 and 75.47 ± 13.94, respectively. Data analysis shows a significant decrease in the intervention group (P = 0.000). Conclusions: The results showed that the Benson relaxation technique as a cheap and non-pharmacological method effectively reduces the caregiver burden in informal caregivers of cancer patients.","PeriodicalId":44764,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83239548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Akhavan, A. Mousavi, Shahrzad Sheikh Hassani, N. Zamani, E. Rezayof, Z. Torabi
Background: Cervical cancer is prevalent cancer among women that correct diagnosis has very important role in its treatment. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in comparison with surgical staging. Also, we compared the accuracy of physical examination with surgical pathology. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was performed on women who had cervical cancer from the start of 2017 to the end of 2021. Age, tumor pathology report (squamous cell carcinoma, clear cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and small cell carcinoma), stage of the tumor, involvement of vagina, uterine, and parametrium, cervical stroma invasion, mass size, pelvic and abductor lymph node metastasis were extracted from the patient’s data and all were evaluated. The pathology report was considered as the gold standard. Results: Eighty women with cervical cancer were evaluated and the mean age was 47.3 years. There was a statistically significant difference between the different prevalence of disease stages (P-value = 0.035) and also stage diagnosis between the three methods (P-value = 0.0004). The diagnostic accuracy of physical examination and MRI in terms of vaginal involvement, parametrium involvement, and uterine involvement were 97.5% and 98.7%; 98.7% and 96.2%; 94.9% and 93.6%; respectively. Conclusions: Magnetic resonance imaging is a good method for the assessment of the clinical staging of cervical cancer and its accuracy is more than 94% in the diagnosis of different parts of cervical cancer involvement.
{"title":"Evaluation of Cervical Cancer Staging Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Comparison with Surgical Staging","authors":"S. Akhavan, A. Mousavi, Shahrzad Sheikh Hassani, N. Zamani, E. Rezayof, Z. Torabi","doi":"10.5812/ijcm-126966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijcm-126966","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cervical cancer is prevalent cancer among women that correct diagnosis has very important role in its treatment. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in comparison with surgical staging. Also, we compared the accuracy of physical examination with surgical pathology. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was performed on women who had cervical cancer from the start of 2017 to the end of 2021. Age, tumor pathology report (squamous cell carcinoma, clear cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and small cell carcinoma), stage of the tumor, involvement of vagina, uterine, and parametrium, cervical stroma invasion, mass size, pelvic and abductor lymph node metastasis were extracted from the patient’s data and all were evaluated. The pathology report was considered as the gold standard. Results: Eighty women with cervical cancer were evaluated and the mean age was 47.3 years. There was a statistically significant difference between the different prevalence of disease stages (P-value = 0.035) and also stage diagnosis between the three methods (P-value = 0.0004). The diagnostic accuracy of physical examination and MRI in terms of vaginal involvement, parametrium involvement, and uterine involvement were 97.5% and 98.7%; 98.7% and 96.2%; 94.9% and 93.6%; respectively. Conclusions: Magnetic resonance imaging is a good method for the assessment of the clinical staging of cervical cancer and its accuracy is more than 94% in the diagnosis of different parts of cervical cancer involvement.","PeriodicalId":44764,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76956623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Abedi, Ahmad R Mafi, Seyed Yasin Tabatabaeimehr, Hoormehr Nozari, F. Allameh
Background: Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. The proper management of this cancer during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) or similar outbreaks could be a serious challenge. Proper timing of surgery, radiotherapy, and other medical modalities are essential in providing the most effective treatment. Objectives: This systematic review aimed at evaluating the proper management of prostate cancer during the COVID-19 outbreak. Methods: This study was conducted from 2019 to 2022. An internet search was conducted using the keywords: Diagnosis, management, radical prostatectomy, radiotherapy, hormone ablation therapy, chemotherapy and prostate cancer, and COVID-19. The visited databases included PubMed, Scopus, Web of Sciences, Google Scholar, and Scientific Information Database. The review was performed based on the preferred reporting items for a systematic review and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Results: Postponing the biopsy for up to three months and adopting of non-invasive diagnostic methods were likely reasonable during the COVID-19 pandemic. Patients with cancer were more prone to severe injuries and were more likely to have serious complications. Surgery, radiation therapy, brachytherapy, palliative radiation, hormone ablation therapy, and chemotherapy were among the pre-institutional treatments that had to be performed according to medical protocols as well as health and professional guidelines. Conclusions: It was recommended that the prostate cancer screening should not be performed for asymptomatic men during the COVID-19 outbreak. It was also suggested that the treatment should be performed in the shortest possible time and in the safest way.
背景:前列腺癌是世界上最常见的癌症之一。在2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)或类似疫情期间，对这种癌症的适当管理可能是一项严峻的挑战。手术、放疗和其他医疗方式的适当时机对于提供最有效的治疗至关重要。目的:本系统综述旨在评估2019冠状病毒病疫情期间前列腺癌的适当管理。方法:研究时间为2019 - 2022年。检索关键词:诊断、治疗、根治性前列腺切除术、放疗、激素消融治疗、化疗与前列腺癌、COVID-19。访问的数据库包括PubMed、Scopus、Web of Sciences、谷歌Scholar和Scientific Information Database。评价是根据系统评价和荟萃分析(PRISMA)指南的首选报告项目进行的。结果:在COVID-19大流行期间，将活检推迟3个月并采用非侵入性诊断方法可能是合理的。癌症患者更容易受到严重伤害，也更容易出现严重的并发症。手术、放射治疗、近距离放射治疗、姑息性放射治疗、激素消融治疗和化疗是必须根据医疗协议以及健康和专业准则进行的机构前治疗。结论:建议在新冠肺炎疫情期间，不建议对无症状男性进行前列腺癌筛查。建议在尽可能短的时间内以最安全的方式进行治疗。
{"title":"Systematic Evaluation of Studies in the Fields of Diagnosis and Management of Prostate Cancer in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Era","authors":"A. Abedi, Ahmad R Mafi, Seyed Yasin Tabatabaeimehr, Hoormehr Nozari, F. Allameh","doi":"10.5812/ijcm-130922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijcm-130922","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. The proper management of this cancer during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) or similar outbreaks could be a serious challenge. Proper timing of surgery, radiotherapy, and other medical modalities are essential in providing the most effective treatment. Objectives: This systematic review aimed at evaluating the proper management of prostate cancer during the COVID-19 outbreak. Methods: This study was conducted from 2019 to 2022. An internet search was conducted using the keywords: Diagnosis, management, radical prostatectomy, radiotherapy, hormone ablation therapy, chemotherapy and prostate cancer, and COVID-19. The visited databases included PubMed, Scopus, Web of Sciences, Google Scholar, and Scientific Information Database. The review was performed based on the preferred reporting items for a systematic review and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Results: Postponing the biopsy for up to three months and adopting of non-invasive diagnostic methods were likely reasonable during the COVID-19 pandemic. Patients with cancer were more prone to severe injuries and were more likely to have serious complications. Surgery, radiation therapy, brachytherapy, palliative radiation, hormone ablation therapy, and chemotherapy were among the pre-institutional treatments that had to be performed according to medical protocols as well as health and professional guidelines. Conclusions: It was recommended that the prostate cancer screening should not be performed for asymptomatic men during the COVID-19 outbreak. It was also suggested that the treatment should be performed in the shortest possible time and in the safest way.","PeriodicalId":44764,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80652443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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