Background: Antibody is a considerable approach in the pharmaceutical industry, and many studies have been done on antibody fragment engineering. Objectives: The objective of this study is to evaluate the interaction between antigens and antibodies, which is a necessary step for designing an efficient antibody with suitable properties for targeting cancer cells. Methods: In the current study, the 3-dimensional structure of the displayed-selected scFv antibody was constructed, using Sabpred Antibody Builder. The analysis of interactions between scFv and Cluster of differentiation 24 (CD24) was performed by computational docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Firstly, docking CD24 antigen to the new scFv antibody was done, using the ClusPro 2.0 web server, and residues involved in the interaction were identified. Secondly, using the GROMACS 4.5.3 package, MD simulations were performed. Results: By analyzing the antigen-antibody complex, the critical amino acids involved in these interactions were recognized. Thus, 15 hydrogen bonds between amino acids in light and heavy chains of antibodies and antigens were identified; most of the amino acids belonged to the complementarity-determining regions (CDRs) regions. Tyr148, which belongs to CDR1 of the VL chain by forming 4 hydrogen bonds with amino acids of the CD24 antigen, was considered an important amino acid in the CD24-scFv complex. Conclusions: Our bioinformatics study identified critical residues involved in antigen-antibody interaction, which could be considered an effective strategy for creating novel efficient fragmented antibodies with improved affinities for the CD24 receptor.
{"title":"In Silico Evaluation of the Interactions Among Novel Phage Display-Selected Single Chain Variable Fragment (scFv) with CD24 Marker","authors":"Sepideh Ghani, Shirin Eyvazi, Zahra Ebrahimi, Mojgan Bandehpour","doi":"10.5812/ijcm-136917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijcm-136917","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Antibody is a considerable approach in the pharmaceutical industry, and many studies have been done on antibody fragment engineering. Objectives: The objective of this study is to evaluate the interaction between antigens and antibodies, which is a necessary step for designing an efficient antibody with suitable properties for targeting cancer cells. Methods: In the current study, the 3-dimensional structure of the displayed-selected scFv antibody was constructed, using Sabpred Antibody Builder. The analysis of interactions between scFv and Cluster of differentiation 24 (CD24) was performed by computational docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Firstly, docking CD24 antigen to the new scFv antibody was done, using the ClusPro 2.0 web server, and residues involved in the interaction were identified. Secondly, using the GROMACS 4.5.3 package, MD simulations were performed. Results: By analyzing the antigen-antibody complex, the critical amino acids involved in these interactions were recognized. Thus, 15 hydrogen bonds between amino acids in light and heavy chains of antibodies and antigens were identified; most of the amino acids belonged to the complementarity-determining regions (CDRs) regions. Tyr148, which belongs to CDR1 of the VL chain by forming 4 hydrogen bonds with amino acids of the CD24 antigen, was considered an important amino acid in the CD24-scFv complex. Conclusions: Our bioinformatics study identified critical residues involved in antigen-antibody interaction, which could be considered an effective strategy for creating novel efficient fragmented antibodies with improved affinities for the CD24 receptor.","PeriodicalId":44764,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135591759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is the most common intracellular parasite in the human population. The anti-cancer effect of these parasites has been shown, which may be due to the presence of common antigens between the parasite and cancer cells. Objectives: In this work, the reaction of Toxoplasma-positive human sera and Toxoplasma-negative human sera with cell surfaces of 4T1 and MCF7 cell lines have been investigated. Methods: 4T1 and MCF7 cells were harvested from cell cultures and treated with either human Toxoplasma Positive or negative sera. The reaction of the sera was then detected using the flow cytometry method. Results: Toxoplasma-positive sera but not Toxoplasma-negative ones reacted very sharply with both breast cancer cell lines. Conclusions: Anti-T. gondii antibodies strongly react with breast cancer cells. These antibodies may be used for selective cancer immunotherapy in the future.
{"title":"Human Anti-Toxoplasma Antibodies Attach Strongly to Breast Cancer Cells","authors":"Fatemeh Hosseini, Zohreh Farahbakhsh, Azar Balouti, Reza Kalantari, Gholamreza Pourshahbazi, Somayeh Mousavi Mobarakeh, Morteza Yousefi, Hossein Yousofi Darani","doi":"10.5812/ijcm-135924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijcm-135924","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is the most common intracellular parasite in the human population. The anti-cancer effect of these parasites has been shown, which may be due to the presence of common antigens between the parasite and cancer cells. Objectives: In this work, the reaction of Toxoplasma-positive human sera and Toxoplasma-negative human sera with cell surfaces of 4T1 and MCF7 cell lines have been investigated. Methods: 4T1 and MCF7 cells were harvested from cell cultures and treated with either human Toxoplasma Positive or negative sera. The reaction of the sera was then detected using the flow cytometry method. Results: Toxoplasma-positive sera but not Toxoplasma-negative ones reacted very sharply with both breast cancer cell lines. Conclusions: Anti-T. gondii antibodies strongly react with breast cancer cells. These antibodies may be used for selective cancer immunotherapy in the future.","PeriodicalId":44764,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135551701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hamed Mazreati, Reza Radfar, Mohammad-Reza Sohrabi, Babak Sabet Divshali, Mohammad Ali Afshar Kazemi
Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths, emphasizing the importance of timely diagnosis for effective treatment. Machine learning models have shown promise in assisting with GC diagnosis. Objectives: This study aimed at comparing the performance of various feature selection methods in identifying influential factors related to GC based on lifestyle using machine learning models. The ultimate goal was to enhance early detection and treatment of the disease. Methods: The data of patients from Shahid Ayatollah Modarres Hospital and Shohadaye Tajrish Hospital between 2013 and 2021 were utilized. Three feature selection methods (filter, wrapper, and filter-wrapper) were employed. The k-fold method validated each model. Four classifiers k Nearest Neighbor (kNN), Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF), and Gradient-Boosted Decision Trees (GBDT) compared their outputs based on feature selection methods. Results: The filter-wrapper method outperformed others, achieving an area under the ROC curve and F1 score of 95.8% and 94.7%, respectively. GBDT also performed well. The wrapper and RF classifiers achieved an area under the ROC curve and F1 scores of 95.7% and 93.6%, respectively, after the filter-wrapper method. Without feature selection methods, the RF classifier had an area under the ROC curve and F1 scores of 95.6% and 91.7%, respectively, surpassing other classifiers. Conclusions: This study suggests that appropriate feature selection methods for identifying influential factors related to GC based on lifestyle can facilitate early diagnosis and treatment. The filter-wrapper method demonstrated the best performance in this regard.
{"title":"Comparing the Performance of Feature Selection Methods for Predicting Gastric Cancer","authors":"Hamed Mazreati, Reza Radfar, Mohammad-Reza Sohrabi, Babak Sabet Divshali, Mohammad Ali Afshar Kazemi","doi":"10.5812/ijcm-138653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijcm-138653","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths, emphasizing the importance of timely diagnosis for effective treatment. Machine learning models have shown promise in assisting with GC diagnosis. Objectives: This study aimed at comparing the performance of various feature selection methods in identifying influential factors related to GC based on lifestyle using machine learning models. The ultimate goal was to enhance early detection and treatment of the disease. Methods: The data of patients from Shahid Ayatollah Modarres Hospital and Shohadaye Tajrish Hospital between 2013 and 2021 were utilized. Three feature selection methods (filter, wrapper, and filter-wrapper) were employed. The k-fold method validated each model. Four classifiers k Nearest Neighbor (kNN), Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF), and Gradient-Boosted Decision Trees (GBDT) compared their outputs based on feature selection methods. Results: The filter-wrapper method outperformed others, achieving an area under the ROC curve and F1 score of 95.8% and 94.7%, respectively. GBDT also performed well. The wrapper and RF classifiers achieved an area under the ROC curve and F1 scores of 95.7% and 93.6%, respectively, after the filter-wrapper method. Without feature selection methods, the RF classifier had an area under the ROC curve and F1 scores of 95.6% and 91.7%, respectively, surpassing other classifiers. Conclusions: This study suggests that appropriate feature selection methods for identifying influential factors related to GC based on lifestyle can facilitate early diagnosis and treatment. The filter-wrapper method demonstrated the best performance in this regard.","PeriodicalId":44764,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136342164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Cancer management has become increasingly challenging due to the emergence of a personalized approach that requires careful assessment, multidisciplinary efforts, and experienced physicians. Objectives: Because of the COVID-19 pandemic’s effect on executing all medical meetings as well as multidisciplinary tumor boards (MTB), we decided to design, perform, and evaluate a teaching scholarship in virtual MTB for urologic cancer patients. Methods: In this prospective study from December 2020 to July 2022, the authors evaluated the designing, implementation, and learning efficacy of a virtual tumor board in the Urology Department of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU). All the faculty members (N = 25) and urology residents (N = 35) were included in this investigation. To make the sessions multidisciplinary, other related departments including pathology, radio-oncology, medical oncology, radiology, and nuclear medicine were also included. Virtual tumor boards were implanted monthly in 20 sessions. Results: A short interview was conducted for the needs assessment. The faculty members' and residents’ statements were divided into high, intermediate, and low importance. After implementation, a satisfaction questionnaire based on the first level of the Kirkpatrick model was recorded and the means were 76% and 71% in faculty members and residents respectively for virtual execution. The results of evaluating the intervention according to the second level of the Kirkpatrick model and through the tests before and after tumor boards were recorded and the mean differences evaluated by paired t test were statistically significant. In the last step for external evaluation, the satisfaction rate of 5 arbitrators was 75% for executing a proper virtual MTB. Conclusions: A virtual board is an effective learning method for the medical education of urology residents. It could help the practitioner to coordinate and discuss with different specialties and lead to the best decision for urologic cancer patients.
{"title":"Improving the Educational Gap with Implementing of Teaching Scholarship in Virtual Multidisciplinary Tumor Boards","authors":"Zohreh Khoshgoftar, Fatemeh Sodeifian, Farzad Allameh","doi":"10.5812/ijcm-137490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijcm-137490","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cancer management has become increasingly challenging due to the emergence of a personalized approach that requires careful assessment, multidisciplinary efforts, and experienced physicians. Objectives: Because of the COVID-19 pandemic’s effect on executing all medical meetings as well as multidisciplinary tumor boards (MTB), we decided to design, perform, and evaluate a teaching scholarship in virtual MTB for urologic cancer patients. Methods: In this prospective study from December 2020 to July 2022, the authors evaluated the designing, implementation, and learning efficacy of a virtual tumor board in the Urology Department of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU). All the faculty members (N = 25) and urology residents (N = 35) were included in this investigation. To make the sessions multidisciplinary, other related departments including pathology, radio-oncology, medical oncology, radiology, and nuclear medicine were also included. Virtual tumor boards were implanted monthly in 20 sessions. Results: A short interview was conducted for the needs assessment. The faculty members' and residents’ statements were divided into high, intermediate, and low importance. After implementation, a satisfaction questionnaire based on the first level of the Kirkpatrick model was recorded and the means were 76% and 71% in faculty members and residents respectively for virtual execution. The results of evaluating the intervention according to the second level of the Kirkpatrick model and through the tests before and after tumor boards were recorded and the mean differences evaluated by paired t test were statistically significant. In the last step for external evaluation, the satisfaction rate of 5 arbitrators was 75% for executing a proper virtual MTB. Conclusions: A virtual board is an effective learning method for the medical education of urology residents. It could help the practitioner to coordinate and discuss with different specialties and lead to the best decision for urologic cancer patients.","PeriodicalId":44764,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134960897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nasser Malekpour, Mohammad Hossein Ehsani, Samira Adhami, Sara Besharat
Background: Colon cancer is the most common gastrointestinal malignancy worldwide and accounts for more than half of all gastrointestinal tumors, with over 1 million new cases and 500 000 deaths per year. Objectives: The purpose of our study was to compare the outcomes of laparoscopic surgery and open surgery for colon cancer surgery by evaluating the lymph nodes. It is crucial to remove an adequate number of lymph nodes, as a more extensive nodal removal has been associated with higher survival rates and fewer relapses. Methods: This prospective study was conducted on 120 patients (57 females and 63 males) with colon cancer, who were registered and analyzed in our unit from 2019 to 2021. Of these patients, 78 underwent open surgery and 42 underwent laparoscopic surgery. A checklist comprising 8 variables including postoperative pain, length of hospital stay, site infection during the first 30 days, number of lymph nodes removed in pathology, hemoglobin drop, anastomotic leak, urinary tract injury, and time of operation was completed for all patients. SPSS version 21 software was used for data analysis, and a P-value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The age of the patients was between 30 to 60 years. The variables of site infection during the first 30 days (P = 0.7), anastomotic leak complication (P = 0.5), urinary tract injury (P = 0.02), and number of lymph nodes removed (P = 0.13) were not statistically significant between the two groups of laparoscopic surgery and open surgery. However, the variables of duration of operation (P < 0.05), decrease in hemoglobin of postoperative patients compared to preoperative (P < 0.05), severe postoperative pain (P < 0.05), and number of days of hospital stay (P < 0.05) between the groups of laparoscopic surgery and open surgery were statistically significant. Conclusions: Our experience suggests that laparoscopic colectomy is a safe and feasible procedure with better short-term outcomes and comparable oncological efficacy to the open approach.
{"title":"Does Laparoscopic Colectomy Work for Colon Cancer?","authors":"Nasser Malekpour, Mohammad Hossein Ehsani, Samira Adhami, Sara Besharat","doi":"10.5812/ijcm-135044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijcm-135044","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Colon cancer is the most common gastrointestinal malignancy worldwide and accounts for more than half of all gastrointestinal tumors, with over 1 million new cases and 500 000 deaths per year. Objectives: The purpose of our study was to compare the outcomes of laparoscopic surgery and open surgery for colon cancer surgery by evaluating the lymph nodes. It is crucial to remove an adequate number of lymph nodes, as a more extensive nodal removal has been associated with higher survival rates and fewer relapses. Methods: This prospective study was conducted on 120 patients (57 females and 63 males) with colon cancer, who were registered and analyzed in our unit from 2019 to 2021. Of these patients, 78 underwent open surgery and 42 underwent laparoscopic surgery. A checklist comprising 8 variables including postoperative pain, length of hospital stay, site infection during the first 30 days, number of lymph nodes removed in pathology, hemoglobin drop, anastomotic leak, urinary tract injury, and time of operation was completed for all patients. SPSS version 21 software was used for data analysis, and a P-value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The age of the patients was between 30 to 60 years. The variables of site infection during the first 30 days (P = 0.7), anastomotic leak complication (P = 0.5), urinary tract injury (P = 0.02), and number of lymph nodes removed (P = 0.13) were not statistically significant between the two groups of laparoscopic surgery and open surgery. However, the variables of duration of operation (P < 0.05), decrease in hemoglobin of postoperative patients compared to preoperative (P < 0.05), severe postoperative pain (P < 0.05), and number of days of hospital stay (P < 0.05) between the groups of laparoscopic surgery and open surgery were statistically significant. Conclusions: Our experience suggests that laparoscopic colectomy is a safe and feasible procedure with better short-term outcomes and comparable oncological efficacy to the open approach.","PeriodicalId":44764,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135151226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Recently, multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) has been used to diagnose PC in suspected patients. Prostate Imaging Reporting & Data System (PI-RADS) was developed and applied as a criterion for detecting lesions suspicious of PC. Various studies have been conducted to determine the negative predictive value of non-suspicious mpMRI (PI-RADS 1 or 2). However, the results of these studies have been limited and different. Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the PC rate in patients with PI-RADS 2 lesions in mpMRI and the factors related to clinically significant prostate cancer (CsPC) diagnosis in these lesions. Methods: By referring to the archive department of Shahada-e-Tajrish, Rasul-e-Akram, Treata, and Payambaran hospitals, among the patients suspected of PC who underwent biopsy and had elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) serum levels, the prostate biopsy samples of 330 patients were consecutively included in the study. Frequency of samples diagnosed with PC and its histological characteristics, including mass location, Gleason score (GS), Gleason group (GG), percentage of G4 and G5 cells, sample size, percentage of involvement of sample with cancer tissue, and invasion to the surrounding tissues were examined. Adenocarcinoma samples were divided into low-risk, intermediate-to-high-risk groups based on D'Amico criteria and the relationship between age, PSA total (PSAt), PSA density (PSAd), prostate volume, and the presence of a PI-RADS 3 or 4 lesion at the same time with the rate of diagnosed CsPCs were reviewed. Results: The data from 709 tissue samples were collected, among which 249 were from the right inner part, 249 were from the left inner part, and 211 biopsy samples were from the peripheral portion of the prostate. Among these, 390 tissue samples in mpMRI studies were PI-RADS 2, and 319 were PI-RADS 3 or 4. The mean age of the patients was 64.78 ± 37.55. The mean PSAd, PSAt, and prostate volume were 0.15 ± 0.11, 8.73 ± 6.43, and 61.18 ± 25.76, respectively. Seventy-five samples were diagnosed with adenocarcinoma, of which 48% are in PI-RADS group 2, and 52% are in PI-RADS group 3 - 4 (P-value = 0.263). Comparing the histological characteristics of adenocarcinoma samples between the two groups showed that only the amount of GG was significantly higher in the samples with PI-RADS 3 and 4 (P-value = 0.035). Adenocarcinomas diagnosed in 72.2% of cases in PI-RADS 2 samples and 84.6% of PI-RADS 3 and 4 samples were clinically significant, and no significant difference was seen between the two groups (P-value = 0.38). The amount of PSAt in PI-RADS 2 adenocarcinoma samples was significantly higher in clinically significant carcinomas than in low-risk carcinomas (P-value = 0.045). Conclusions: The results of the present study showed that PI-RADS 2 lesions should be considered for biopsy when there is clinical suspicion of PC. PSA lev
{"title":"The Prevalence of Prostate Cancer in Biopsy Samples of Lesions with PI-RADS 2 Score in Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Hossein Karami, Mahyar Ghafoori, Reza Dashti","doi":"10.5812/ijcm-132340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijcm-132340","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Recently, multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) has been used to diagnose PC in suspected patients. Prostate Imaging Reporting & Data System (PI-RADS) was developed and applied as a criterion for detecting lesions suspicious of PC. Various studies have been conducted to determine the negative predictive value of non-suspicious mpMRI (PI-RADS 1 or 2). However, the results of these studies have been limited and different. Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the PC rate in patients with PI-RADS 2 lesions in mpMRI and the factors related to clinically significant prostate cancer (CsPC) diagnosis in these lesions. Methods: By referring to the archive department of Shahada-e-Tajrish, Rasul-e-Akram, Treata, and Payambaran hospitals, among the patients suspected of PC who underwent biopsy and had elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) serum levels, the prostate biopsy samples of 330 patients were consecutively included in the study. Frequency of samples diagnosed with PC and its histological characteristics, including mass location, Gleason score (GS), Gleason group (GG), percentage of G4 and G5 cells, sample size, percentage of involvement of sample with cancer tissue, and invasion to the surrounding tissues were examined. Adenocarcinoma samples were divided into low-risk, intermediate-to-high-risk groups based on D'Amico criteria and the relationship between age, PSA total (PSAt), PSA density (PSAd), prostate volume, and the presence of a PI-RADS 3 or 4 lesion at the same time with the rate of diagnosed CsPCs were reviewed. Results: The data from 709 tissue samples were collected, among which 249 were from the right inner part, 249 were from the left inner part, and 211 biopsy samples were from the peripheral portion of the prostate. Among these, 390 tissue samples in mpMRI studies were PI-RADS 2, and 319 were PI-RADS 3 or 4. The mean age of the patients was 64.78 ± 37.55. The mean PSAd, PSAt, and prostate volume were 0.15 ± 0.11, 8.73 ± 6.43, and 61.18 ± 25.76, respectively. Seventy-five samples were diagnosed with adenocarcinoma, of which 48% are in PI-RADS group 2, and 52% are in PI-RADS group 3 - 4 (P-value = 0.263). Comparing the histological characteristics of adenocarcinoma samples between the two groups showed that only the amount of GG was significantly higher in the samples with PI-RADS 3 and 4 (P-value = 0.035). Adenocarcinomas diagnosed in 72.2% of cases in PI-RADS 2 samples and 84.6% of PI-RADS 3 and 4 samples were clinically significant, and no significant difference was seen between the two groups (P-value = 0.38). The amount of PSAt in PI-RADS 2 adenocarcinoma samples was significantly higher in clinically significant carcinomas than in low-risk carcinomas (P-value = 0.045). Conclusions: The results of the present study showed that PI-RADS 2 lesions should be considered for biopsy when there is clinical suspicion of PC. PSA lev","PeriodicalId":44764,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135938079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Mehrzad, M. Mehdizadeh, S. Parkhideh, A. Rafiee, Noorodin Jamshidian
Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) management includes primary chemotherapy, followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) if the bone marrow gets cleared of cancerous cells. In some cases disease relapse may occur disease relapse may occur if complete clearance is not achieved. Transplantation was primarily performed through the bone marrow; however, peripheral blood has become more favored due to its safety and convenient collection in case of appropriate bone marrow mobilization which is a challenging issue. Objectives: The current study was aimed to investigate the effectiveness of desipramine application for bone marrow mobilization in multiple myeloma (MM) who were candidate for autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT). Methods: The current randomized clinical trial involved 122 MM patients who were candidate for ABMT. The participants were divided into two intervention groups: the first group (n = 63) received G-CSF only treatment, while the second group (n = 59) received a similar G-CSF treatment plus desipramine. The first group received 30 microgram intravenous G-CSF for five days and the second one was treated with G-CSF with similar pattern in combination with daily 100 mg desipramine initiated within three days before G-CSF treatment and continued until the last dose of G-CSF. CD34+ cells and complete blood cells and differentiation were assessed by the end of the interventions. Results: The findings of the study show that the number of CD34+ cells, white blood cells (WBC) and platelet (PLT) count were remarkably higher among the patients receiving the combination therapy compared to the G-CSF only treated group (P-value < 0.001) within 5 days after the interventions; however, no significant differences were observed between the two groups when considering the stage of the disease and the frequency of chemotherapy sessions (P-value > 0.05). Conclusions: Desipramine application led to significantly increased levels of CD34+ cells as the representatives of bone marrow mobilization. Besides, the patients treated with this regimen had higher serum levels of WBC and PLT; however, the disease stage and the number of chemotherapy sessions did not affect the response to the treatment.
{"title":"The Effects of Premedication with Desipramine on Bone Marrow Mobilization for Autologous Bone Marrow Transplantation in Multiple Myeloma","authors":"V. Mehrzad, M. Mehdizadeh, S. Parkhideh, A. Rafiee, Noorodin Jamshidian","doi":"10.5812/ijcm-137802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijcm-137802","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) management includes primary chemotherapy, followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) if the bone marrow gets cleared of cancerous cells. In some cases disease relapse may occur disease relapse may occur if complete clearance is not achieved. Transplantation was primarily performed through the bone marrow; however, peripheral blood has become more favored due to its safety and convenient collection in case of appropriate bone marrow mobilization which is a challenging issue. Objectives: The current study was aimed to investigate the effectiveness of desipramine application for bone marrow mobilization in multiple myeloma (MM) who were candidate for autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT). Methods: The current randomized clinical trial involved 122 MM patients who were candidate for ABMT. The participants were divided into two intervention groups: the first group (n = 63) received G-CSF only treatment, while the second group (n = 59) received a similar G-CSF treatment plus desipramine. The first group received 30 microgram intravenous G-CSF for five days and the second one was treated with G-CSF with similar pattern in combination with daily 100 mg desipramine initiated within three days before G-CSF treatment and continued until the last dose of G-CSF. CD34+ cells and complete blood cells and differentiation were assessed by the end of the interventions. Results: The findings of the study show that the number of CD34+ cells, white blood cells (WBC) and platelet (PLT) count were remarkably higher among the patients receiving the combination therapy compared to the G-CSF only treated group (P-value < 0.001) within 5 days after the interventions; however, no significant differences were observed between the two groups when considering the stage of the disease and the frequency of chemotherapy sessions (P-value > 0.05). Conclusions: Desipramine application led to significantly increased levels of CD34+ cells as the representatives of bone marrow mobilization. Besides, the patients treated with this regimen had higher serum levels of WBC and PLT; however, the disease stage and the number of chemotherapy sessions did not affect the response to the treatment.","PeriodicalId":44764,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75174428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Suma Surya, Dinesh Kumar Sathanantham, S. P N, Srinivasan Doraiswamy
Introduction: Background: Thyroid lymphomas are a rare finding among thyroid malignancies, and Chronic Lymphocytic B-cell (CLL-B) type of thyroid lymphoma is even more infrequent. Lymphomas compose only 2% of thyroid malignancies, with primary thyroid lymphomas constituting only 2.5% of all lymphomas. Chronic lymphocytic B-cell (CLL-B) type of thyroid lymphoma (CLL-B) is is exceptionally rare, with only 4% of cases ever reported worldwide. Case Presentation: A 55-year-old female presented with a complaint of swelling over the anterior part of neck. She had a pre-existing diagnosis of CLL, fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB)of the swelling revealed lymphocytic proliferation, classified as Bethesda grade II. The patients was in a euthyroid state and a ‘core-needle’ biopsy was performed to confirm the diagnosis of lymphocytic infiltration of the thyroid. The patient was managed conservatively and is currently under regular follow-up. Conclusions: The occurrence of thyroid swelling in CLL is a rare phenomenon, and confirming the diagnosis through biopsy is recommended. Surgeons should be cautious not to be deceived by the rarity of the swelling and avoid unnecessary surgical interventions. Conservative management has been the prevailing approach in the literature. This case report serves to support this conservative approach and contributes to the existing literature on Thyroid lymphoma due to CLL.
{"title":"Secondary Thyroid Lymphoma Due to CLL","authors":"Suma Surya, Dinesh Kumar Sathanantham, S. P N, Srinivasan Doraiswamy","doi":"10.5812/ijcm-136406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijcm-136406","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Background: Thyroid lymphomas are a rare finding among thyroid malignancies, and Chronic Lymphocytic B-cell (CLL-B) type of thyroid lymphoma is even more infrequent. Lymphomas compose only 2% of thyroid malignancies, with primary thyroid lymphomas constituting only 2.5% of all lymphomas. Chronic lymphocytic B-cell (CLL-B) type of thyroid lymphoma (CLL-B) is is exceptionally rare, with only 4% of cases ever reported worldwide. Case Presentation: A 55-year-old female presented with a complaint of swelling over the anterior part of neck. She had a pre-existing diagnosis of CLL, fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB)of the swelling revealed lymphocytic proliferation, classified as Bethesda grade II. The patients was in a euthyroid state and a ‘core-needle’ biopsy was performed to confirm the diagnosis of lymphocytic infiltration of the thyroid. The patient was managed conservatively and is currently under regular follow-up. Conclusions: The occurrence of thyroid swelling in CLL is a rare phenomenon, and confirming the diagnosis through biopsy is recommended. Surgeons should be cautious not to be deceived by the rarity of the swelling and avoid unnecessary surgical interventions. Conservative management has been the prevailing approach in the literature. This case report serves to support this conservative approach and contributes to the existing literature on Thyroid lymphoma due to CLL.","PeriodicalId":44764,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85087924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Soroor Fathi, Bahareh Aminnejad, S. Shekari, S. Mirzaei Dahka, Naeemeh Hasanpour Ardekanizadeh, Golsa Khalatbari Mohseni, M. Gholamalizadeh, Kourosh Delpasand, N. Jafarnia, Fatemeh Mohammadi‐Nasrabadi, S. Doaee
Context: Advanced cancer is one of the most complicated conditions for both patients and their relatives. This study aimed at investigating the challenges of home parenteral nutrition (HPN) in patients with advanced cancer. Evidence Acquisition: In this study, all articles published in English from 2000 to 2022 on dietary support for HPN in patients with advanced cancer were collected from several databases, including Medline, Scopus, and Google Scholar, using related keywords such as “advanced cancer” and “home parenteral nutrition”. Results: The different issues of HPN were examined for different dimensions such as HPN during palliative care, deciding HPN, patients’ safety, supportive environment, and health literacy. Regarding ethical issues on HPN, 4 principles including charity, autonomy, harmlessness, and justice should be considered in patients with advanced cancer. Considering recent findings on the beneficial effects of nutrients in patients with advanced cancer, there may be a need to revise the guidelines related to parenteral nutrition support in these patients. Conclusions: Different challenges should be especially considered in adopting appropriate approaches in the field of HPN in patients with advanced cancer. More longitudinal studies in this field are needed.
{"title":"Challenges of Home Parenteral Nutrition for Patients with Advanced Cancer","authors":"Soroor Fathi, Bahareh Aminnejad, S. Shekari, S. Mirzaei Dahka, Naeemeh Hasanpour Ardekanizadeh, Golsa Khalatbari Mohseni, M. Gholamalizadeh, Kourosh Delpasand, N. Jafarnia, Fatemeh Mohammadi‐Nasrabadi, S. Doaee","doi":"10.5812/ijcm-129737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijcm-129737","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Advanced cancer is one of the most complicated conditions for both patients and their relatives. This study aimed at investigating the challenges of home parenteral nutrition (HPN) in patients with advanced cancer. Evidence Acquisition: In this study, all articles published in English from 2000 to 2022 on dietary support for HPN in patients with advanced cancer were collected from several databases, including Medline, Scopus, and Google Scholar, using related keywords such as “advanced cancer” and “home parenteral nutrition”. Results: The different issues of HPN were examined for different dimensions such as HPN during palliative care, deciding HPN, patients’ safety, supportive environment, and health literacy. Regarding ethical issues on HPN, 4 principles including charity, autonomy, harmlessness, and justice should be considered in patients with advanced cancer. Considering recent findings on the beneficial effects of nutrients in patients with advanced cancer, there may be a need to revise the guidelines related to parenteral nutrition support in these patients. Conclusions: Different challenges should be especially considered in adopting appropriate approaches in the field of HPN in patients with advanced cancer. More longitudinal studies in this field are needed.","PeriodicalId":44764,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74090189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: With advances in healthcare options for the medical management of breast cancer, treatment decision-making has become more complex. Objectives: Guided by self-efficacy theory, the study investigated the impact of a question prompt list (QPL) on decision-making outcomes among women with breast cancer in Iran who were post-surgery. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted at a comprehensive cancer center in Tehran, Iran. Fifty patients were randomized to either a QPL with usual care (n = 25) or to a usual care (n = 25) condition. Data were collected pre- and post-treatment utilizing: 9-item Shared Decision-Making Questionnaire; Decision Self-efficacy Scale; and the Control Preferences Scale. Utilizing SPSS 26 software, descriptive, Shapiro-Wilk test, independent t-test, Fisher's Exact test, and Mann-Whitney U test were used. Results: No differences between the usual care and QPL groups on major study constructs were found (P > 0.05). Conclusions: The QPL did not impact various decision-making outcomes among women with breast cancer post-surgery. Cross-cultural research is needed with larger samples to further examine the impact of decision aids such as QPL on decision-making outcomes for women with breast cancer.
{"title":"Evaluation of a Question Prompt List on Treatment Decision-making Outcomes in Women Following Surgery for Breast Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"R. Negarandeh, Z. Yazdani, R. Lehto, M. Lashkari","doi":"10.5812/ijcm-131091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/ijcm-131091","url":null,"abstract":"Background: With advances in healthcare options for the medical management of breast cancer, treatment decision-making has become more complex. Objectives: Guided by self-efficacy theory, the study investigated the impact of a question prompt list (QPL) on decision-making outcomes among women with breast cancer in Iran who were post-surgery. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted at a comprehensive cancer center in Tehran, Iran. Fifty patients were randomized to either a QPL with usual care (n = 25) or to a usual care (n = 25) condition. Data were collected pre- and post-treatment utilizing: 9-item Shared Decision-Making Questionnaire; Decision Self-efficacy Scale; and the Control Preferences Scale. Utilizing SPSS 26 software, descriptive, Shapiro-Wilk test, independent t-test, Fisher's Exact test, and Mann-Whitney U test were used. Results: No differences between the usual care and QPL groups on major study constructs were found (P > 0.05). Conclusions: The QPL did not impact various decision-making outcomes among women with breast cancer post-surgery. Cross-cultural research is needed with larger samples to further examine the impact of decision aids such as QPL on decision-making outcomes for women with breast cancer.","PeriodicalId":44764,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Cancer Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75274573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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