Pub Date : 2023-05-08DOI: 10.1163/1871191x-bja10167
Meilinda Sari Yayusman, Prima Nurahmi Mulyasari, A. Trihartono, Gusnelly†
Many Indonesian diasporas in the Netherlands have established culinary businesses for both economic purposes and out of a sense of nostalgia for their home country by emphasising Indonesian food authenticity and the richness of spices in their new home. The Netherlands, with its strong historical links with Indonesia, plays a pivotal role in Indonesian gastrodiplomacy. However, the Indonesian government has not yet paid attention to the importance of harnessing the existence of diasporas and targeting the Netherlands as a strategic country of implementation in the context of strengthening Indonesian gastrodiplomacy. This article suggests that Indonesian diasporas, through representation in restaurants, could be a ‘frontline messenger’ in introducing Indonesian foods to the Netherlands and be the anchor of gastrodiplomacy. While Indonesia is now strategising gastrodiplomacy, diasporas are of the utmost importance in winning the hearts and minds of the public.
{"title":"Culinary Diaspora: An Anchor for Indonesian Gastrodiplomacy in the Netherlands","authors":"Meilinda Sari Yayusman, Prima Nurahmi Mulyasari, A. Trihartono, Gusnelly†","doi":"10.1163/1871191x-bja10167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1871191x-bja10167","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Many Indonesian diasporas in the Netherlands have established culinary businesses for both economic purposes and out of a sense of nostalgia for their home country by emphasising Indonesian food authenticity and the richness of spices in their new home. The Netherlands, with its strong historical links with Indonesia, plays a pivotal role in Indonesian gastrodiplomacy. However, the Indonesian government has not yet paid attention to the importance of harnessing the existence of diasporas and targeting the Netherlands as a strategic country of implementation in the context of strengthening Indonesian gastrodiplomacy. This article suggests that Indonesian diasporas, through representation in restaurants, could be a ‘frontline messenger’ in introducing Indonesian foods to the Netherlands and be the anchor of gastrodiplomacy. While Indonesia is now strategising gastrodiplomacy, diasporas are of the utmost importance in winning the hearts and minds of the public.","PeriodicalId":44787,"journal":{"name":"Hague Journal of Diplomacy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46902702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-27DOI: 10.1163/1871191x-bja10163
F. White
Astronauts looking at Earth from orbital or lunar missions often say they cannot see borders and boundaries that mean so much to surface dwellers, an essential feature of the ‘Overview Effect’, a term the author coined to describe the identity shift that takes place for many space travellers. What does this portend for the future? Should we simply forget borders, since they are merely products of our minds? What about diplomacy, which is all about borders and boundaries insofar as it is about inter-national relations. Will the art of diplomacy change as nation-states send more residents to explore the rest of the solar ecosystem? This question seems more relevant than ever, while war rages, largely over borders and boundaries, in the heart of Europe. We consider how the ‘Overview Effect’ influences communication, persuasion, and bargaining among state and non-state actors active in determining the shape of our future spacefaring civilisation.
{"title":"Space Diplomacy and the ‘Overview Effect’","authors":"F. White","doi":"10.1163/1871191x-bja10163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1871191x-bja10163","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Astronauts looking at Earth from orbital or lunar missions often say they cannot see borders and boundaries that mean so much to surface dwellers, an essential feature of the ‘Overview Effect’, a term the author coined to describe the identity shift that takes place for many space travellers. What does this portend for the future? Should we simply forget borders, since they are merely products of our minds? What about diplomacy, which is all about borders and boundaries insofar as it is about inter-national relations. Will the art of diplomacy change as nation-states send more residents to explore the rest of the solar ecosystem? This question seems more relevant than ever, while war rages, largely over borders and boundaries, in the heart of Europe. We consider how the ‘Overview Effect’ influences communication, persuasion, and bargaining among state and non-state actors active in determining the shape of our future spacefaring civilisation.","PeriodicalId":44787,"journal":{"name":"Hague Journal of Diplomacy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43734784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-24DOI: 10.1163/1871191x-bja10157
Saadia M. Pekkanen
This article probes Japan’s space diplomacy in a world returned to great power competition. Today, Japan’s space diplomacy manifests in a wide variety of contexts at the global, regional and bilateral levels. The principal argument is that the Japanese state is responding to gathering external threats through diplomacy that communicates, persuades and bargains in the country’s science, economic and military space interests. This proactive positioning allows Japan to situate its advanced technologies in the context of fierce economic competition, cultivate an image as a pacifist and responsible actor in the turbulent international order, and set pragmatic expectations about building peaceful prospects in outer space.
{"title":"Japan’s Space Diplomacy in a World of Great Power Competition","authors":"Saadia M. Pekkanen","doi":"10.1163/1871191x-bja10157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1871191x-bja10157","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This article probes Japan’s space diplomacy in a world returned to great power competition. Today, Japan’s space diplomacy manifests in a wide variety of contexts at the global, regional and bilateral levels. The principal argument is that the Japanese state is responding to gathering external threats through diplomacy that communicates, persuades and bargains in the country’s science, economic and military space interests. This proactive positioning allows Japan to situate its advanced technologies in the context of fierce economic competition, cultivate an image as a pacifist and responsible actor in the turbulent international order, and set pragmatic expectations about building peaceful prospects in outer space.","PeriodicalId":44787,"journal":{"name":"Hague Journal of Diplomacy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42311432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-24DOI: 10.1163/1871191x-bja10165
Di Wu, E. Sevin
This study looks at how digital technologies disrupted signalling and signal cost calculations in public diplomacy within the context of Covid-19. The pandemic presented a noteworthy opportunity to observe how countries attempt to navigate a relatively unknown communication landscape as a result of external shock and a crisis for states’ images and reputations. We position the communicative outcomes of the pandemic as an exploratory case to discuss how countries use social media to engage with target audiences. We study American and Chinese messaging on Twitter about Covid-19 employing an analytical model of signal cost developed from signalling theory. Using a data set of 1,512 tweets coming from nine different American and Chinese accounts, we investigated their signal cost through content and network analyses. Our findings describe and operationalise signal cost in digital public diplomacy through signaller, signal content and outreach.
{"title":"Signal Cost in Digital Diplomacy: A Study of American and Chinese Public Outreach","authors":"Di Wu, E. Sevin","doi":"10.1163/1871191x-bja10165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1871191x-bja10165","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This study looks at how digital technologies disrupted signalling and signal cost calculations in public diplomacy within the context of Covid-19. The pandemic presented a noteworthy opportunity to observe how countries attempt to navigate a relatively unknown communication landscape as a result of external shock and a crisis for states’ images and reputations. We position the communicative outcomes of the pandemic as an exploratory case to discuss how countries use social media to engage with target audiences. We study American and Chinese messaging on Twitter about Covid-19 employing an analytical model of signal cost developed from signalling theory. Using a data set of 1,512 tweets coming from nine different American and Chinese accounts, we investigated their signal cost through content and network analyses. Our findings describe and operationalise signal cost in digital public diplomacy through signaller, signal content and outreach.","PeriodicalId":44787,"journal":{"name":"Hague Journal of Diplomacy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47070819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-17DOI: 10.1163/1871191x-bja10164
Nikita Chiu
This article seeks to contribute to the burgeoning debate on space diplomacy by examining the historic interplay between diplomatic discussions on outer space and nuclear non-proliferation and disarmament. It studies three significant cases since the Cold War, when space technologies constituted a significant topic in diplomatic exchanges and in advancing foreign policy objectives related to global arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation. The cases trace early negotiations between Washington and Moscow on using satellites to detect nuclear detonations, to multilateral attempts at establishing an International Satellite Monitoring Agency, and conclude with a study on the use of satellite imagery in inspections under the auspices of the United Nations Special Commission on Iraq.
{"title":"Orbis non sufficit — Co-operation and Discord in Global Space and Disarmament Governance","authors":"Nikita Chiu","doi":"10.1163/1871191x-bja10164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1871191x-bja10164","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This article seeks to contribute to the burgeoning debate on space diplomacy by examining the historic interplay between diplomatic discussions on outer space and nuclear non-proliferation and disarmament. It studies three significant cases since the Cold War, when space technologies constituted a significant topic in diplomatic exchanges and in advancing foreign policy objectives related to global arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation. The cases trace early negotiations between Washington and Moscow on using satellites to detect nuclear detonations, to multilateral attempts at establishing an International Satellite Monitoring Agency, and conclude with a study on the use of satellite imagery in inspections under the auspices of the United Nations Special Commission on Iraq.","PeriodicalId":44787,"journal":{"name":"Hague Journal of Diplomacy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45789409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-13DOI: 10.1163/1871191x-bja10161
J. Pamment, Alicia Fjällhed, Martina Smedberg
A decade ago, Matt Armstrong noted that the War on Terror set the scene for US public diplomacy (PD) to be heavily focused on security. Other countries have focused their PD on image promotion, relationship-building or cultural relations. As digital media practices have slowly been adopted by the majority of foreign ministries, the logics governing social and digital media have also been increasingly internalised into diplomatic practice. Lacking in current PD research is a theory of the ‘logics’ that drive and motivate public diplomacy. This article explores the application of ‘PD logics’ as a theoretical framework for interpreting the ways in which foreign policy priorities, such as securitisation, trade promotion and strategic partnerships, shape PD practices. With a particular focus on the most recent wave of social and digital media adoption practices, this article establishes a theory of ‘PD logics’ that could provide new avenues for developing theories of public diplomacy.
{"title":"The ‘Logics’ of Public Diplomacy: In Search of What Unites a Multidisciplinary Research Field","authors":"J. Pamment, Alicia Fjällhed, Martina Smedberg","doi":"10.1163/1871191x-bja10161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1871191x-bja10161","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000A decade ago, Matt Armstrong noted that the War on Terror set the scene for US public diplomacy (PD) to be heavily focused on security. Other countries have focused their PD on image promotion, relationship-building or cultural relations. As digital media practices have slowly been adopted by the majority of foreign ministries, the logics governing social and digital media have also been increasingly internalised into diplomatic practice. Lacking in current PD research is a theory of the ‘logics’ that drive and motivate public diplomacy. This article explores the application of ‘PD logics’ as a theoretical framework for interpreting the ways in which foreign policy priorities, such as securitisation, trade promotion and strategic partnerships, shape PD practices. With a particular focus on the most recent wave of social and digital media adoption practices, this article establishes a theory of ‘PD logics’ that could provide new avenues for developing theories of public diplomacy.","PeriodicalId":44787,"journal":{"name":"Hague Journal of Diplomacy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45273493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-13DOI: 10.1163/1871191x-bja10159
Naoko Yamazaki
Intergovernmental space diplomacy has played an essential role in human space activities. The International Space Station of low-Earth orbit and the Artemis programme to explore the moon and beyond are essential examples. Current noteworthy developments that are influencing space diplomacy include the following: (1) the number of governments that engage in human space activities has been increasing; and (2) inter-industry and grassroots co-operation has had a significant impact. We astronauts, and I believe anybody who aims to explore space, appreciate the value of norms in space, which assure a safe environment for our activities and secure future possibilities to expand our frontier to the moon and beyond.
{"title":"Space Diplomacy from an Astronaut’s Viewpoint","authors":"Naoko Yamazaki","doi":"10.1163/1871191x-bja10159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1871191x-bja10159","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Intergovernmental space diplomacy has played an essential role in human space activities. The International Space Station of low-Earth orbit and the Artemis programme to explore the moon and beyond are essential examples. Current noteworthy developments that are influencing space diplomacy include the following: (1) the number of governments that engage in human space activities has been increasing; and (2) inter-industry and grassroots co-operation has had a significant impact. We astronauts, and I believe anybody who aims to explore space, appreciate the value of norms in space, which assure a safe environment for our activities and secure future possibilities to expand our frontier to the moon and beyond.","PeriodicalId":44787,"journal":{"name":"Hague Journal of Diplomacy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47272561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-05DOI: 10.1163/1871191x-bja10154
Kseniia Soloveva
{"title":"We Shall Be Masters: Russian Pivot to East Asia from Peter the Great to Putin, written by Chris Miller","authors":"Kseniia Soloveva","doi":"10.1163/1871191x-bja10154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1871191x-bja10154","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44787,"journal":{"name":"Hague Journal of Diplomacy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49056624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1163/1871191x-bja10160
Jan Wörner
After the Cold War and the race in space, space activities increasing became a geopolitical arena of co-operation. This article is based on my personal experience gathered over fifteen years leading European space institutions: in 2007 I became the Chairman of the Executive Board of the German Aerospace Center. In that position I led the German delegation to the European Space Agency (ESA). From 2015 to 2021 I had the honour and pleasure of being the Director General of ESA. During the whole period from 2007 to today I have had various political interactions that developed my current mindset. Even in times of geopolitical difficulties we need some aspects of international interaction; space can play this role.
{"title":"Space Diplomacy","authors":"Jan Wörner","doi":"10.1163/1871191x-bja10160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1871191x-bja10160","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000After the Cold War and the race in space, space activities increasing became a geopolitical arena of co-operation. This article is based on my personal experience gathered over fifteen years leading European space institutions: in 2007 I became the Chairman of the Executive Board of the German Aerospace Center. In that position I led the German delegation to the European Space Agency (ESA). From 2015 to 2021 I had the honour and pleasure of being the Director General of ESA. During the whole period from 2007 to today I have had various political interactions that developed my current mindset. Even in times of geopolitical difficulties we need some aspects of international interaction; space can play this role.","PeriodicalId":44787,"journal":{"name":"Hague Journal of Diplomacy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42714538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-28DOI: 10.1163/1871191x-bja10156
M. Kornprobst
This article introduces the concept of diplomatic peace. It starts by developing a heuristic frame for identifying understandings of peace embraced by the actors we study. This frame encompasses three faces of peace — restraint, compromise and polylogue — and further differentiates different degrees of each of these faces (induced, co-operative and categorical restraint; profitable, principled and iterated compromise; extended, communal and deliberative polylogue). Then, this heuristic is applied to key United Nations General Assembly declarations and conventions that have passed unanimously since 1946. Studying how diplomats define peace yields remarkable results. Diplomats make far-reaching promises about the kind of peace they purport to pursue, strongly endorsing co-operative restraint, principled compromises and deliberative polylogues. The added value of this article is threefold: it systematically enquires into the nexus of diplomacy and peace, develops a multifaceted concept of peace, and reminds scholars and practitioners of how far-reaching already existing diplomatic promises of peace are.
{"title":"Diplomatic Peace","authors":"M. Kornprobst","doi":"10.1163/1871191x-bja10156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/1871191x-bja10156","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This article introduces the concept of diplomatic peace. It starts by developing a heuristic frame for identifying understandings of peace embraced by the actors we study. This frame encompasses three faces of peace — restraint, compromise and polylogue — and further differentiates different degrees of each of these faces (induced, co-operative and categorical restraint; profitable, principled and iterated compromise; extended, communal and deliberative polylogue). Then, this heuristic is applied to key United Nations General Assembly declarations and conventions that have passed unanimously since 1946. Studying how diplomats define peace yields remarkable results. Diplomats make far-reaching promises about the kind of peace they purport to pursue, strongly endorsing co-operative restraint, principled compromises and deliberative polylogues. The added value of this article is threefold: it systematically enquires into the nexus of diplomacy and peace, develops a multifaceted concept of peace, and reminds scholars and practitioners of how far-reaching already existing diplomatic promises of peace are.","PeriodicalId":44787,"journal":{"name":"Hague Journal of Diplomacy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45265252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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