Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research最新文献

Background: Electrocardiogram (ECG) is considered one of the most frequently carried out diagnostic tests in emergency rooms. To develop and refine the competencies of emergency nurses, it becomes imperative to assess the current level of knowledge and practice among nurses regarding ECG and other diagnostic tests. The study aimed to assess the ECG interpretation competency and its associated factors among emergency nurses in Jordan.

Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2022 to March 2023. Data were collected from 287 Jordanian emergency nurses working in six governmental, private, and teaching hospitals, and they had at least 1 year of clinical experience. Badell-Coll ECG Interpretation Competency Questionnaire was used in this study. Descriptive analyses were conducted using an independent t-test and one-way analysis of variance. A statistical significance of P < 0.05 was assumed.

Results: Approximately, 61.43% of emergency nurses had been involved in educational sessions on ECG interpretation. The mean of the total participants' score on the ECG assessment tool was 4.35 out of 10. Significant differences were found in the ECG interpretation competency scores based on the highest educational level (t₂₈₅= -0.64, P < 0.001), job title (t₂₈₅= -5.91, P < 0.001), and previous engagement in ECG training sessions (t₂₈₅ = 2.50, P = 0.013).

Conclusions: The level of emergency nurses' ECG interpretation competency was low. Nurses should engage in ECG refreshing courses to improve their ability to detect arrhythmias early. Efforts should be made to improve the nursing educational curricula and ECG training sessions by employing electronic systems and addressing both basic and advanced arrhythmias.

Background: Chamomile and flaxseed are traditionally used medicinal plants to treat painful menstruation. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of chamomile and flaxseed on pelvic pain, dyspareunia, and dysmenorrhea in endometriosis patients.

Materials and methods: A controlled randomized clinical trial was conducted on 102 endometriosis patients referred to Reyhane Infertility Center of Qom University of Medical Sciences, Iran, from July 2021 to March 2022. Patients were divided into three groups: chamomile, flaxseed, and placebo, using the block randomization method. Patients used 1000 mg capsules (three times a day) for 8 weeks. A Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was used to measure the severity of pain. Pelvic pain, dyspareunia, and dysmenorrhea were assessed on three occasions Data were analyzed using the Chi-square, repeated measures ANCOVA, and ANOVA. All statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 20.

Results: Before the intervention, there was no significant difference between the three groups regarding dysmenorrhea, pelvic pain, or dyspareunia (p > 0.05). The mean score of pelvic pain (on one and two-month follow-ups) in the chamomile and flaxseed groups (F = 383.07, p < 0.001) was lower than that in the placebo group. The mean score of dyspareunia (on one and two-month follow-ups) in the chamomile and flaxseed groups was significantly lower than that in the placebo group (F₂ = 479.34, p < 0.001). The mean score of dysmenorrhea on one and two-month follow-ups (F₂ = 385.67, p < 0.001) in the chamomile and flaxseed groups was lower than that in the placebo group.

Conclusions: Chamomile and flaxseed may reduce pelvic pain, dyspareunia, and dysmenorrhea associated with endometriosis.

Background: The purpose of this scoping review is to identify the models of Health Information Disorders (HIDs), the components of these models, their study setting, and their designing approaches.

Materials and methods: In this study, PubMed, Web Of Science (WOS), Scopus, ProQuest, and Embase databases were searched to identify relevant articles. After screening the identified studies, 22 studies were selected. Data was extracted based on objectives and was combined and summarized by a narrative method.

Results: The analysis of articles showed most of the included studies presented conceptual models or frameworks that provide a more structured and comprehensive view of a topic. The elements and components of the HID models were categorized into five main components, including information issues, communication issues, psychology issues, social issues and theories. Most studies employed, existing theories, evidence, or principles to design their approaches. The main setting of studies were COVID-19 and related topics such as vaccination.

Conclusions: By synthesizing the HID models we tried to find the gap among types, components, designing approaches and setting of models. It seems we need some HID models based on contextual frameworks to understand deeply the way of being born, spread and death of HIDs in society. Also, future advancements in HID models should focus on other diseases rather than COVID-19 to provide a holistic approach in diverse healthcare landscapes.

Background: In response to the 2019 Polio outbreak in the Philippines, it is crucial to examine the current understanding and beliefs about the disease. This study assessed the knowledge and attitudes of mothers towards Polio and Polio vaccination in a rural community.

Materials and methods: Sixty-two mothers in a selected rural barangay in Negros Occidental, Philippines, participated in this cross-sectional study using a survey questionnaire in July 2021. Descriptive statistics and correlation analysis were employed.

Results: The results showed that 43.50% of mothers had a high level of knowledge and 74.20% had a favorable attitude towards Polio and Polio immunization. There was a significant relationship (p = 0.05) between knowledge and attitude towards Polio and Polio immunization.

Conclusions: This study underscores addressing knowledge gaps through public health campaigns may improve beliefs and perceptions about immunization programs.

Background: Identification of the factors related to students' academic success and clinical self-efficacy plays a significant role in their ability to provide independent patient care. The present study was conducted to investigate the relationship of cell phone overuse with sleep quality and self-efficacy in the clinical performance of nursing and midwifery students.

Materials and methods: This descriptive-correlational study was conducted on 211 nursing and midwifery students of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in 2021-2022. Data collection tools included the Cell-Phone Over-Use Scale (COS), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the Self-Efficacy in Clinical Performance (SECP). Data were analyzed using stata-16 software.

Results: 28% of students had cellphone overuse and 63% had poor sleep quality and 17.10% had low self-efficacy in clinical performance. Students with cellphone overuse had higher levels of poor sleep quality compared to those with normal levels of cellphone use (p < 0.05). Moreover, those with poor sleep quality had lower self-efficacy for clinical performance (p < 0.05).

Conclusions: Cell phone overuse can reduce self-efficacy in clinical performance by interfering with students' sleep quality. Thus, students should be trained to use cell phones more appropriately.

Background: Nursing is a scientific profession that focuses on the art of care. However, its theory-practice gap has led to problems in teaching nursing students. Therefore, this paper aims to present the effects of the implementation of theory-practice gap strategies in training nursing students in the emergency department.

Materials and methods: This study included the implementation and reflection phases of participatory action research in both the School of Nursing and Midwifery of the Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran, and the emergency ward of Alzahra Educational Hospital, Iran, from 2016 to 2019. First, 10 strategies were implemented with the help of stakeholders. In the reflection phase, 15 semi-structured, in-depth interviews, focus groups, observations, and field notes were analyzed using the conventional content analysis approach.

Results: The data were obtained from 15 participants, most of whom were women. Data analysis revealed three themes and seven main categories, including leaving the comfort zone (understanding the necessity for changes, individual and organizational perception, and response to change), bringing about change (strengthening of patterns and preparation of processes), and unstable deployment of change (perceived promotion and planning to reinforce the change).

Conclusions: Using participatory action research to reduce the theory-practice gap in nursing education is of grave importance. During the change process, stakeholders defined new educational processes or reinforced the previous applicable patterns. Also, they started to plan for more control over educational processes as well as considering new promotions. This is valuable knowledge for use in bridging the theory-practice gap in nursing education.

Background: Measuring nurses' workload and related factors in intensive care units and reviewing their staffing is very important during COVID-19. This study aims to compare nurses' workload and multiple organ failure of patients hospitalized during the COVID-19 in intensive care units and non-COVID-19 intensive care units.

Materials and methods: An observational study was conducted with 768 patients hospitalized in intensive care units and Zanjan City (Iran) intensive care units in 2021. The data were collected using the Nursing Activities Score and the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment. Data analysis was performed by independent t-test, Chi-squared (χ²) test, Pearson's correlation coefficient (r), and Multiple Linear Regression (MLR). The statistical significance level was set at p < 0.05.

Results: NAS in non-COVID-19 intensive care units 59.90% (10.03) was significantly higher than that of COVID-19 intensive care units 56.38% (6.67) (p < 0.001). In addition, the SOFA score was higher in the non-COVID-19 intensive care units 6.98 (3.89) than in COVID-19 intensive care units 5.62 (3.98) (p < 0.001). The Nursing Activities Score had a positive and statistically significant relationship with the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment in both units, and this relationship was higher in the COVID-19 intensive care units (r = 0.71). In addition, predictors of NAS were identified as four variables, i.e. consciousness level, SOFA, length of stay, and having an artificial airway (p < 0.05).

Conclusions: Non-COVID-19 ICUs had higher NAS and SOFA scores in the study. Further investigation is needed to identify additional workload aspects in intensive care units.

[This corrects the article on p. 596 in vol. 29, PMID: 39478710.].

Background: Considering the importance of using Non-Invasive Ventilation (NIV) in COVID-19-related hypoxemia, the present study was conducted to determine the effective factors on Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) failure rate in COVID-19-related hypoxemia.

Materials and methods: This research was a retrospective cross-sectional study (2021) investigating the records of 200 adult patients with the medical diagnosis of acute respiratory failure (ARF) of COVID-19, admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) in Shoushtar (southwestern Iran) who underwent CPAP therapy. The Heart rate, Acidosis, Consciousness, Oxygenation, and Respiratory rate (HACOR) scores were measured before the treatment and 1 h after undergoing CPAP treatment. Moreover, patients' demographic and clinical data were recorded. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney, Chi-square, Wilcoxon, and logistic regression tests. The significance level was set at p ≤ 0.05.

Results: The mean standard deviation [SD]) age of patients was 63.96 (16.23) years. Among all 200 patients, 78.50% (n = 157) experienced CPAP failure and the remaining 21.50% (n = 43) underwent successful CPAP therapy. Failure chance was 7.10% higher in patients with higher HACOR scores undergoing 1 h CPAP treatment than others. It was also 14.92% higher among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) than non-DM patients. Additionally, old age (z = 2591.50, p value = 0.02), obesity (z = 2433.00, p value = 0.024), and elevated Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) (z = 2620.00, p value = 0.0) impacted CPAP failure rates among patients.

Conclusions: The HACOR score 1 h after CPAP, DM, old age, obesity, and elevated BUN favor increased CPAP failure rates among patients.

Background: Empathy is considered paramount to the medical profession because it affects patients' satisfaction, compliance, and quality of care. It has been studied that medical residents in non-psychiatry specialties (especially general surgery) pay less attention to their patients' experiences and emotions. This study measured and compared surgical and psychiatric medical residents' empathy scores.

Materials and methods: In 2021, we studied all first- to third-year medical residents of psychiatry and general surgery who worked in hospitals affiliated with the Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran. Eighty-eight eligible residents, including 53 psychiatric and 35 surgical residents, were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. The Persian-validated Jefferson empathy scale was used to evaluate empathy among the residents. Chi-square, t-test, and ANOVA were used for group comparisons. A multivariable linear regression analysis was used to find the factors associated with the empathy score. Data analysis was conducted using the SPSS version 21.

Results: The total mean score (SD) of empathy was 104.34 (11.10). Female residents had higher mean (SD) empathy scores compared to their male counterparts (109.21 [9.29] vs. 99.14 [12.72]; p < 0.001), and psychiatric residents scored higher than surgical residents (109.18 [8.91] vs. 96.67 [12.50]; p < 0.001). Psychiatric residency was independently associated with a higher empathy score (standardized coefficients; beta = 0.41, p = 0.001).

Conclusions: Psychiatric residents have significantly higher empathy with patients than surgical residents. There was also a significant difference among male and female residents. Therefore, it may be recommended that structural education directions be developed for residents to promote empathy during the residency program.