Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research最新文献

Background: The care process involves essential tasks of assisting, supporting, and facilitating nursing activities to meet the comprehensive needs of patients. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global infectious disease that has caused a pandemic. Nurses play a crucial role in caring for and treating patients with COVID-19. This study aims to explain the care process in patients with COVID-19.

Materials and methods: A qualitative study using the grounded theory method was conducted from 2021 to 2022. Eleven nurses providing care to hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were purposively selected from the COVID wards of Shariati Hospital in Tehran, Iran. Data were collected through in-depth semistructured interviews and observation. Data analysis was conducted using the approach developed by Corbin and Strauss (2008).

Results: The data analysis phase identified a main theme of "protection and support in the shadow of uncertainty" along with five main categories and ten subcategories. The main categories included "encountering life-threatening crisis", "maintaining safety", "improving the patient's physical health", "encouraging", and "feeling satisfied despite the burden of care".

Conclusions: Nurses aimed to improve the physical and psychological conditions of patients with COVID-19 by implementing a comprehensive care plan. The five main categories identified can be considered the primary approach to nursing care in the COVID-19 crisis. Additionally, the nurses' experiences can help establish the necessary infrastructure for care and education during other potential health crises.

Background: Resilience is a psychological trait and a protective factor that plays a vital role in coping with Chronic Pain (CP). Despite its importance, research has yet to fully clarify the concept and components of resilience in patients with CP. Accordingly, the present study aims to explain the components of resilience in patients with CP.

Materials and methods: The current qualitative study used a conventional content analysis methodology. The research population included all patients with CP who were referred to clinics affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (south of Iran) from August 2021 to August 2022. Participants were selected using the purposive sampling method. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 participants to collect information. Data analysis was conducted using MAXQDA 2020 software in conjunction with data collection efforts.

Results: Generally, in the current study, 30 sub-sub-categories, 11 sub-categories, and five main categories were extracted as components of resilience in patients with CP. The main categories of resilience against CP included the following: 1. emotional self-regulation, 2. psychological flexibility, 3. self-care, 4. appeal to religion-spirituality, and 5. internal resources and individual competencies.

Conclusions: The present study highlights the different physical, mental, and religious-spiritual strategies that may contribute to resilience against pain. The resilience components identified in this study provide a foundation for healthcare professionals, particularly nurses, to design and implement diverse pain management strategies that enhance adjustment to CP conditions.

Background: Prolonged labor is associated with various maternal and neonatal complications. This study aims to investigate the relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels and pain intensity and duration of labor stages in primiparous women.

Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Iran from November 2021 to January 2022 and comprised primiparous women who were in active labor after a term pregnancy (37-42 weeks). Five milliliter of blood was taken from each subject and centrifuged for the measurement of vitamin D level using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. The High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HLPC) method was used to measure 25-OH vitamin D. In addition, through history, examination, and investigations, the subjects were evaluated according to the pain intensity and duration of the first (active phase) and second stages of labor.

Results: The results of the Pearson correlation test indicated a significant relationship between vitamin D and active phase duration (r = 0.64, p = 0.012), second stage duration (r = 0.73, p = 0.001), pain intensity of the active phase (r = 0.61, p = 0.022), and pain intensity of the second stage (r = 0.65, p = 0.026). According to the analysis of variance table, based on vitamin D, there were statistically significant differences between the groups in terms of the active phase duration, second stage duration, pain intensity of the active phase, and that of the second stage of labor (p < 0.05).

Conclusions: Low levels of vitamin D may influence the progress of labor and increase the rate of prolonged labor.

Background: Labor pain management is a critical aspect of midwifery care and an essential purpose of childbirth-related care. There is a need for comprehensive results on relevant non-therapeutic methods of reducing labor pain. This systematic review and meta-analysis study was conducted to investigate the effect of yoga practice on labor pain.

Material and methods: We performed a systematic literature search from SCOPUS, PubMed, Web of Science, and Science Direct for relevant studies from January 1, 1990 to June 2, 2022. We selected published quasi-randomized and randomized controlled trial studies that evaluated the effect of yoga practice on labor pain. Quality research was applied. We pooled the Standardized Mean Dfference (SMD) of labor pain in pregnant women with and without yoga practice during pregnancy using a random-effects model at 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs).

Results: Nine studies including 660 women were included in the meta-analysis. Pregnant women in the yoga practice group experienced statistically significantly low labor pain at the beginning of the active phase compared to the control group (SMD: -1.10, 95% CI: -1.61, -0.58, p < 0.001; I2 = 89%). Yoga interventions also reduced the intensity of labor pain in active (SMD: -1.32, 95% CI: -2.03, -0.60, p < 0.001; I2 = 92%) and transition (SMD: -1.93, 95% CI: -2.87, -0.99, p < 0.001; I2 = 92%) phases compared to the control group, respectively.

Conclusions: The results of the study showed that yoga practice during pregnancy reduces the intensity of labor pain in different labor phases. However, these findings should be considered cautiously due to the substantial heterogeneity between studies.

Background: Midwives as one of the most effective members of the health systems play a key role in delivering health services to mothers and children who are vulnerable groups of the society. This research aimed to investigate the effect of Logotherapy on job satisfaction and Organization-Based Self-Esteem (OBSE) of employed midwives.

Materials and methods: This is a quasi-experimental study with the pretest and posttest design and a control group from all midwives employed in the public hospital of Rasht City in Iran. Fifty-six midwives fulfilling the inclusion criteria were selected and randomly divided into two groups of intervention and control. They filled job satisfaction, OBSE questionnaires, and demographic information checklist, and then, the intervention group attended Logotherapy for six sessions/90 minutes. Finally, both groups answered the instruments as posttest.

Results: Results showed that the mean difference between OBSE (F _6,83 = 27, p < 0.05) and job satisfaction (t _2,62 = 27, p < 0.01) scores before and after the sessions in the intervention group was significantly more than the control group.

Conclusions: Group Logotherapy increased job satisfaction and OBSE among midwives. It can be recommended for use in the clinical settings for healthcare providers.

Background: Stunting can be prevented by early detection when the mother is pregnant. Early detection can be carried out by looking for risk factors of stunting during pregnancy so that interventions can be early detected. This study aims to assess complications during pregnancy (disease and infection) and risk factors associated with stunting.

Materials and methods: The type of research was observational analytic with a case-control design on 450 mothers who were selected with simple random sampling (150 mothers who have stunting babies aged 0-2 months and 300 mothers who have not stunting babies aged 0-2 months in Malang Regency, Indonesia. This study used secondary data by looking at medical records, namely, laboratory examinations in the mother's book and cohort records at the public health center. This study was conducted from December 2021 to August 2022. Bivariate analysis with Chi-square and multivariate logistic regression was carried out to determine the variables that most influenced the incidence of stunting.

Results: The results of multivariate analysis with logistic regression of maternal complications during pregnancy, which are a risk as a factor causing stunting, are Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) (Odds Ratio [OR]: 6.36; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 2.97-13.62), coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) accompanied by pneumonia (OR: 5.12; 95% CI: 1.87-14.052), human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) (OR: 4.63; 95% CI: 1.10-19.59), hepatitis B (OR: 3.97; 95% CI: 1.253-12.565), pre-eclampsia (OR: 3.88; 95% CI: 1.81-8.30), and heart disease (OR: 3.373; 95% CI: 0.99-11.40).

Conclusions: After recognizing the maternal factors that cause stunting, intervention should immediately be carried out on pregnant women with diseases (pre-eclampsia and heart disease) and infections (STI, COVID-19 + pneumonia, HIV/AIDS, and hepatitis B) to prevent stunting early.

Background: COVID-19 is an example of an epidemic and sudden crisis that has affected many aspects of life and work and identifying the factors that contribute to its impact can help prevent similar crises in the future. The purpose of this study was to investigate fear of COVID-19, health anxiety, and work-family conflict in nurses working in COVID-19 wards in hospitals affiliated with the Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS).

Materials and methods: This descriptive-analytical study used a census method to survey 226 nurses working in eight hospitals affiliated with TUMS. Demographics information and three questionnaires including; the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, Short Health Anxiety Inventory, and Work-Family Conflict Scale were completed online. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and analytical statistics, and a significance level of p < 0.05 was considered.

Results: Structural equation modeling test showed that work-family conflict had an effect on health anxiety, and health anxiety had an effect on fear of COVID-19 (p < 0.05). The severity of the effect of work-family conflict on health anxiety was 0.73, and the severity of the effect of health anxiety on fear of COVID-19 was 0.46. Work-family conflict had an indirect effect on fear of COVID-19 mediated only by health anxiety (p < 0.05) and the severity of the indirect effect was 0.33.

Conclusions: Health anxiety plays a mediating role in the relationship between work-family conflict and fear of COVID-19. Workplaces should provide more support to their employees during a crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic, and prevention programs should be implemented to decrease anxiety.

Background: The growing prevalence of Cesarean Sections (CS), particularly repeated CS, is a major issue in contemporary midwifery. This study seeks to gain a comprehensive understanding of the experiences of pregnant women and specialists with vaginal delivery after CS, as well as the obstacles that may arise.

Materials and methods: From March 2020 to May 2021, 10 women, 12 midwives, and 8 obstetricians and obstetricians affiliated with Qom University of Medical Sciences were interviewed to investigate the experiences and challenges associated with Vaginal Birth After Cesarean section (VBAC). We used the content analysis method, and the sampling was purposive. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect data, which were then analyzed using qualitative content analysis based on conventional content analysis.

Results: The results show that subcategories "individual aspects of VBAC" and "family-social aspects of VBAC" formed "positive aspects of VBAC." Subcategories "self-efficacy" and "decision-making participation" formed the "empowerment for the woman." Subcategories "technical team challenges" and "woman's challenges" formed the main category of "upcoming challenges."

Conclusions: Positive relationships, choice-making ability, and self-confidence impact a woman's decision to choose VBAC. Informing women of alternative delivery options after a CS and pursuing their dreams increases the likelihood of successful VBAC.

Background: Postpartum Depression (PPD) is a common illness with long-term effects on mother and child. Nutrition is a crucial factor in mental health, but research findings on its connection to PPD are inconsistent. This review aims to explore the correlation between PPD and dietary patterns.

Materials and methods: We conducted a comprehensive search of several databases including PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, ISI and ISI/Web of Science (WOS), Scopus, and Iranian databases such as Magiran, Scientific Information Database (SID), and IRANDOC from 2003 to 2020. Our search was based on the keywords "postpartum depression" and "nutrition, vitamin D, Folic acid, iron, zinc, and vitamins." We applied the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist to select articles based on inclusion/exclusion criteria. Of the 100 articles identified, only 24 articles met our criteria and were selected for further analysis.

Results: Research suggests that low levels of vitamin D, iron, folate, and carbohydrates, and an unhealthy diet lacking in vegetables are potential causes of PPD. However, the impact of zinc, omega-3 essential fatty acids, and other nutrients such as antioxidants, vitamin E, and vitamin C on PPD is unclear due to conflicting information. Additionally, limited research has been conducted on the association between group B vitamins and PPD.

Conclusions: In conclusion, we can lower the risk of PPD by providing dietary guidance and working with healthcare providers. It is important to pay attention to our diet and make sure we are consuming enough vitamins and nutrients to support our mental health.

Background: Cancer and associated treatment methods present numerous complications, including anorexia and disturbances in sleep patterns. Consequently, the purpose of this study is to examine the impact of reflexology on the symptoms of anorexia and sleep quality among individuals afflicted with cancer.

Materials and methods: In this double-blinded randomized clinical trial, a total of 60 patients undergoing chemotherapy at Khansari Hospital, Arak, Iran, were selected using convenience sampling and then assigned to two groups of control and experimental using blocked randomization (30 patients in each group). The sample intervention group received reflexology in an exceedingly 4-week amount (two sessions a week), By contrast, the control group was administered a placebo treatment without exerting any pressure on the reflex points during the same time frame. Sleep quality and anorexia in patients were measured using a Pittsburgh questionnaire and visual analog scale before and right after the intervention. Eventually, the data were analyzed, and we used the tests of central tendency, dispersion, independent- and paired-samples t-tests, and Chi-square.

Results: The findings of the study revealed a significant improvement in sleep quality and reduction in anorexia symptoms among patients who received reflexology treatment scores (p < 0.001). Conversely, there was no significant difference in the control group before and after the intervention (without pressure effect on the foot points) (p > 0.05).

Conclusions: According to the positive effects on sleep quality and the reduction of anorexia symptoms, it is recommended to incorporate this therapeutic modality along with conventional medication for the treatment of individuals with cancer.