Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research最新文献

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has adverse effects on mental health and quality of life. International guidelines recommended the provision of cognitive behavioral models to support self-management for these women. The patient-centered 5A's model might meet this need. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of using the 5A's model for self-management counseling on quality of life and self-efficacy in women with PCOS.

Materials and methods: This study is a randomized clinical trial, and the research population included women with PCOS referred to Baghaeipour Clinic in Yazd, Iran, between April 2023 and October 2023. Sixty-four women were randomized to the intervention (the self-management program based on the 5A's model) and active control groups (educational booklet). PCOS Quality of Life and General Self-Efficacy Scale were completed by participants. Data were analyzed using SPSS 19, independent t-test, and repeated measures (p < 0.05).

Results: The mean difference between quality of life (F_2,60 = 75.25, p < 0.001) and self-efficacy (F_2,60 = 29.09, p < 0.001) scores before, after, and follow-up in the intervention group was significant. The mean difference between quality of life (F_2,62 = 24.64, p < 0.001) and self-efficacy (F_2,62 = 20.39, p < 0.001) scores before, after, and follow-up in the active control group was significant. However, the increase in the quality of life and self-efficacy score in the intervention group was higher than in the control group.

Conclusions: The 5A's model and educational booklets to improve self-management increased quality of life and self-efficacy of women with PCOS, which can be used in clinical settings for healthcare providers.

Background: Spiritual care is a critical component of holistic healthcare, significantly contributing to patients' well-being and recovery. Understanding the factors influencing nurses' competence in providing spiritual care is crucial for improving patient outcomes. This study aimed to examine the relationship between spiritual competence, religiosity, and professional competence in delivering spiritual care among Iranian nursing students.

Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Qom, Iran, from September to November 2022. A total of 150 nursing students from a medical sciences university were randomly selected to participate. Data were collected using demographic questionnaires, spiritual competence scale, and the Spiritual Care Competence Scale (SCCS). Descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to assess the relationships between variables.

Results: The mean (SD) SCCS score among students was 101.88 (17.33) (range: 44-135). Spiritual competence showed a significant positive correlation with all dimensions of the SCCS (p < 0.05). However, no significant association was found between religiosity and SCCS scores. According to the multiple linear regression model, interconnectedness (β = 0.36, p = 0.001) and self-awareness (β = 0.19, p = 0.045) emerged as the strongest predictors of spiritual care competence.

Conclusions: This study highlights the importance of spiritual competence in enhancing nursing students' ability to provide spiritual care. The findings suggest that awareness of interconnectedness and self-awareness are key predictors of spiritual care competence. These insights emphasize the need for comprehensive training programs focused on strengthening spiritual competence among nursing students to improve patient care.

Background: The main challenge of using Peripheral Intravenous Catheters (PICs) for neonates is their short dwell time, which requires frequent catheterization. Interventions have been made to increase the length of time intravenous catheters stay in neonates, such as the use of splints. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of determining the complications and dwell time of PICs with and without splints in infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit.

Materials and methods: This descriptive, correlational, and prospective study included all eligible neonates based on the inclusion criteria in Mahdieh Hospital, Tehran (2024), who were divided into two groups with and without splints. The sampling method was census and for 3 months, the assessment of intravenous catheters of newborns was checked three times a day, and all related complications and dwell time catheterization using a researcher-made checklist. The data was analyzed using IBM SPSS 16 software.

Results: Extravasation was the most common complication (52.40%) in the splint group, and obstruction was the most common (34.50%) in the non-splint group. The dwell time of peripheral venous catheterization mean, and standard deviation was 43.29 (33.12) hours in neonates with splints and 37.18 (7.70) hours in those without splints. The t-test demonstrated a significant positive impact of splints on catheter dwell time (t ₃₇₅ = 2.59, p = 0.01).

Conclusions: There was a significant positive effect of splints on length of stay. However, splints may aid in the delayed detection of extravasation, whereas the absence of a splint may lead to an increased incidence of catheter occlusion, necessitating earlier catheter removal.

Background: Nursing education focuses on clinical skill development. This study evaluated the effectiveness of combined microlearning and spaced learning to improve final-semester nursing students' clinical competence.

Materials and methods: A quasi-experimental study (2022-2023) at Lorestan University of Medical Sciences involved 48 final-semester nursing students (27 control, 21 intervention). The intervention group received a 3-month structured microlearning and spaced learning program using videos, workshops, texts, and podcasts. Clinical competence was assessed via Ministry of Health standardized forms, and data were analyzed using SPSS software.

Results: Demographic characteristics in the two study groups were similar (P > 0.05). The posttest mean (SD) clinical competence score in the intervention group was 18.34 (0.96), while in the control group, it was 16.64 (0.89). The difference was statistically significant (t₄₆ = 6.34, P < 0.001).

Conclusions: Microlearning and spaced learning significantly improved clinical competence, suggesting their effectiveness as innovative nursing education strategies.

Background: Breast cancer (BC) can be a distressing experience, necessitating substantial life adjustments. That being the case, this study aimed to explore the connection among perceived stress, coping strategies, and life satisfaction in women with BC, as well as the demographic and disease-related factors.

Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Cancer Institute of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. A total of 372 women who met the inclusion criteria were selected through convenience sampling. The study utilized the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14), Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS-21), and Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), as well as demographic and disease-related characteristics. Data analysis was performed with SPSS 18.0.

Results: The mean (standard deviation [SD]) of perceived stress and life satisfaction were 30.10 (8.7) and 13.86 (4.11), respectively, with emotion-oriented coping strategy being the most employed 24.13 (6.36). The results indicated a strong negative correlation between perceived stress (r = -0.484, p < 0.001) and the problem-oriented strategy (r = -0.203, p < 0.001). There was also a significant negative correlation between perceived stress and life satisfaction (r = -0.547, p < 0.001). However, a positive correlation was found between perceived stress and emotion-oriented strategy (p < 0.001). The regression analysis indicated that economic status was correlated with perceived stress, emotion-oriented strategy, and life satisfaction (β = -0.25, p < 0.001), (β = -0.18, p < 0.001), (β =0.30, p < 0.001). Additionally, occupation was found to predict problem-oriented strategy (β = -0.30, p < 0.001) and avoidance-oriented strategy (β = -0.18, p < 0.001).

Conclusions: These findings help identify psychological issues in women with BC and lead to effective interventions for mitigating stress, improving coping strategies, and life satisfaction.

Background: In order to improve the quality of nursing care and patient outcomes during the future pandemics, understanding the details of strategies used for the management of patients with COVID-19 and its outcomes are crucial. The present study was conducted to reveal the management strategies that Chinese nurses utilized for COVID-19 patients.

Materials and methods: Graneheim and Lundman's approach of conventional content analysis was used in this study and participants included nine nurses caring the patients with COVID-19 along with supervisors or matrons. Data were collected by semi-structured interviews and were analyzed via MAXQDA 10.

Results: Six main categories emerged in this study including "overcoming challenges of COVID-19 pandemic", "continuous online training of nurses", "psychological support", " cooperative behavior of the public and government based on the previous pandemic experience", "protecting medical staff from infection" and "application of smartphone technology".

Conclusions: The optimal management of emerging diseases depends on the cooperation of the people, the efforts of the healthcare team, and the measures of the managers. Hospital managers could create equipped units to be designated for probable health care emergencies, preparing educated team for quick training of staff, streamlining the expansion of standard work, and providing the necessary infrastructure for possible future pandemics.

Background: This study systematically examines the challenges and issues of digital professionalism in Psychiatric Mental Health (PMH) nursing over the past decade, addressing the lack of recent research in this area.

Materials and methods: Conducted as a systematic review, it analyzed a subset of 12 studies focusing on e-professionalism in PMH nursing. The search was performed in April 2023 across databases including Medline, EMBASE, PsycInfo, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane, covering papers published between January 2013 and April 2023. The quality of the primary papers was evaluated using the Kmet standard criteria, and a narrative synthesis approach was used to summarize the findings.

Results: The results reveal that e-professionalism issues in PMH nursing, particularly in legal and ethical dimensions, have received little attention in recent studies. The study identified two competing scenarios in mental telehealth nursing, emphasizing the need to find a balance between them for successful implementation.

Conclusions: The findings highlight the importance of psychiatric mental health nurses developing a comprehensive understanding of e-mental health interventions, including knowledge, skills, affective factors, ethics, and regulatory considerations. The study concludes by calling for greater focus on digital professionalism in PMH nursing to address the evolving challenges in the field.

Background: Burns are a sort of trauma that may cause life-threatening consequences, including edema, which delays recovery. So, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of chewing gum on reducing edema of burns in the head, face, and neck areas after second-degree burns.

Materials and methods: In 2024, a double-blind, randomized clinical trial was conducted on 64 second-degree burn patients, who were randomly allocated into two groups using permuted block randomization. The 32 participants in the intervention group received head elevation and chewed mint gum every 3 hours for 20 minutes until 3 days after hospitalization. However, the 32 participants in the control group only did head elevation. The Edema Size Detector was completed before and after the intervention. Statistical tests included paired t, independent t, Chi-square, and difference-in-difference regression, which were analyzed in SPSS V.16 at a significance level of less than 0.05.

Results: The mean (SD) of burn percentages was 31.86 (2.71). Before the intervention, there were not any significant differences between the two groups for frontal, maxillary, and superior-inferior diameters (p > 0.05). However, after the intervention, these differences were significantly meaningful (p < 0.001). Additionally, assessing the group effect and time effect and adjusting the model showed that in the intervention group, frontal (T = -15.33, p < 0.001), maxillary (T = -12.88, p < 0.001), and superior-inferior diameters (T = -19.20, p < 0.001) have statistically significant variation.

Conclusions: Chewing gum for 20 minutes three times a day can reduce burn edema in the head, face, and neck after second-degree burns.

Background: Providing care for unconscious patients with severe brain injuries at home can be challenging. One of the main difficulties is identifying and addressing their specific care needs. Therefore, the aim of this research is to extract the experiences of home care team members and family caregivers in addressing the care needs of patients with severe traumatic brain injury during the post-discharge period.

Materials and methods: This qualitative study was conducted on caregivers and healthcare providers of patients with severe traumatic brain injury in 2024-2025. Data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews with 22 patients' caregivers and health care providers in home. The recorded interviews were transcribed and then analyzed through inductive content analysis.

Results: The care needs of patients with severe traumatic brain injury during the post-discharge period were categorized into 15 subcategories and four main categories: physical care needs (maintaining respiratory function, maintaining digestive function, maintaining urinary tract function, maintaining skin integrity, Enhancing physical mobility, Balancing Sleep and Rest, pain management, maintaining personal hygiene, and treatment coherence), mental care needs (managing emotions, improving self-efficacy), social care needs (patient Support, maintaining patient care environment, caregiver support), and spiritual care needs (promoting sense of meaning in life).

Conclusions: The results of this study provide a clearer understanding of these needs, aiming to develop a holistic care program tailored to the patients' conditions at home, ultimately improving their quality of life and holistic care.

Background: Schizophrenia causes social conflict because it brings a burden of care for family caregivers. Thus, effective handling and management strategies are needed. This study aims to identify the relationship between family caregiver burden and family coping in schizophrenia patients.

Materials and methods: This cross sectional study design was conducted on 73 family caregivers of schizophrenia patients in Lamongan Regency, Indonesia, in 2023 through a purposive sampling technique. The Burden Scale for Family Caregivers (BSFC-s) was used to measure the burden of care, and the Brief-COPE scale was used to measure family coping felt by families of schizophrenia patients. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis, including the Spearman rank test, using Microsoft Excel and IBM Corp SPSS Statistics 24 applications.

Results: There was a significant negative relationship between the emotional support dimension in the family coping variable and the burden of family caregivers (r = -0.71, p = <0.001), and a significant negative relationship between the acceptance dimension in the family coping variable and the burden of family caregivers (r = -0.80, p = <0.001). Overall, the Spearman rank test results showed a significant negative relationship between family coping and family caregiver burden (r = -0.82, p = <0.001).

Conclusions: There is a significant negative correlation between caregiving burden and family coping in schizophrenia patients. This requires increased reciprocal cooperation to reduce the burden on families in providing care for schizophrenia patients.