Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research最新文献

Background: The attachment between mother and infant, beginning from pregnancy and reaching a peak with skin-to-skin contact, has a considerable effect on infants' growth and development. As stress and anxiety in contact with infants and unwillingness to embrace them have been reported in biological mothers in surrogacy, this study was conducted to assess the effect of skin-to-skin contact between the biological mother and their baby who born via surrogacy on mother-infant attachment.

Materials and methods: In this clinical trial, 50 biological mothers were randomly assigned to either intervention (with skin contact) or the control group. The data collection tools included a personal information questionnaire and Avant's mother-infant attachment questionnaire.

Results: The results indicated a significant difference between the intervention group, with skin-to-skin contact with the biological mother in surrogacy, and the control group (no skin-to-skin contact) in terms of the mean score of biological mothers' attachment (p < 0.001).

Conclusions: The results suggested that biological mother-infant skin-to-skin contact immediately after birth is effective in creating and increasing attachment and affecting mothers' quality of infant care. As this does not routinely occur in hospitals, taking necessary measures and educating nurses and authorities in maternity and neonatal wards is crucial to improving the quality of care and creating the desired attachment between mothers and infants.

Background: The Coronary Care Unit (CCU) requires effective managers to consider- the patient's acute condition. Studies have indicated that nursing managers of such units face many challenges. The purpose of the study is to explain nursing managers' CCU management experience.

Materials and methods: The current study has been conducted with a qualitative approach from November 2017 to February 2020 in the CCU of Al Zahra Heart Hospital in Shiraz, Iran. The participants consisted of 18 individuals out of nursing managers and Coronary Care Unit Nurses in Charge selected as purposeful. The data has been collected using unstructured interviews, focus groups, and field notes. The researchers used content analysis proposed by Graneheim and Lundman for interpreting the content of textual data using regular classification.

Results: Data analysis led to the emergence of 3 themes and 8 subcategories. The theme of Inadequate Interaction by the Nursing Managers has been derived from the conceptualization of three subcategories "Senior Managers Insufficiently Supporting the Nursing Manager", "Nonempathetic Communication by Nursing Manager" and "Nursing Manager, not Providing Ground for Motivating and Promoting Staff". The main theme "Impaired Control and Supervision" includes two subcategories "Lack of Sufficient Supervision on Nursing Care Performance", "Lack of Suitable Instrument to Monitor Unit's Equipment and Nursing Staff's Performance", and the main theme, " Incapability to Organize Performance", is made up of three Subcategories "Nursing Managers Being Incapable to Manage Time", "Inappropriately Organizing Activities", and "Nursing Managers' Limited Power in Planning Managerial Activities."

Conclusions: The current study-derived findings present a realistic image of nursing managers participating in CCU management, so the resulting themes indicate nursing managers' perception of CCU management as ineffective. Thus, it is imperative to focus on promoting CCU nursing managers' managerial performance.

Background: The prevalence of diabetes among children and adolescents in Saudi Arabia highlights the need for enhanced teacher education and training in diabetes management within the school environment. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge of public school teachers regarding diabetes among adolescent students in Saudi Arabia.

Materials and methods: We used a cross-sectional design and distributed an online questionnaire via social media and email to collect data between April and June 30, 2022. A convenience sample of 290 intermediate and secondary public school teachers was recruited. Statistical analysis, including Chi-square tests and logistic regression, assessed associations and predictors of diabetes knowledge among teachers.

Results: Of the 290 responses, 80.3% were female, 61% lived with a family member with diabetes mellitus, and 33.4% had prior diabetic training. The study found that 62% of participants had fair knowledge about diabetes. Age, education level, and speciality were significantly associated with knowledge (p < 0.001). Regression analysis showed no statistically significant influence of the combined variables on knowledge (F_{9, 86.97} = 1.585, p = 0.129), but age group significantly influenced knowledge (β = 1.171, p = 0.008).

Conclusions: The study revealed that Saudi teachers require additional educational programs to enhance their understanding of diabetes. The findings suggest training courses to improve teachers' knowledge, providing written instructions for diabetic emergencies, and incorporating trained nurses in educational institutes.

Background: E-learning, including platforms like Google Classroom and Moodle, has become integral to nursing education, offering flexibility and adapting to the changing educational system. Despite varied student responses, the COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the shift to online nursing education at Karaganda Medical University, prompting an evaluation of platforms like Zoom, WebEx, Google Classroom, and Moodle for their quality and convenience. This study, based on the students' perspective, contributes to ongoing efforts to optimize online platforms for nursing education at Karaganda Medical University.

Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted by a group of lecturers in December 2023 at Karaganda Medical University, Kazakhstan. The study adopted a quantitative approach, employing a survey methodology administered to 154 second-year students enrolled in the academic bachelor's degree program in Nursing. Participants were chosen through convenience sampling, and they were tasked with rating educational platforms and programs based on predefined criteria, utilizing a 5-point scale. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics, calculating relative values for comparative analysis.

Results: Comparative analysis was conducted on two prominent educational platforms-Google Classroom and Moodle-and two programs designed for online consultations and classes-WebEx and Zoom. All obtained data is presented in tables for clarity.

Conclusions: An analysis of the preferences of second-year undergraduate students regarding educational platforms and online programs identified the main criteria important for the learning process. This research can be used to further improve educational platforms and enhance the quality of education.

Background: Fatigue is one of the most common symptoms in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). It can cause severe psychological problems and reduce their Quality of Life (QOL). Cupping therapy is known as a method of alternative medicine that can be used to treat or reduce patient symptoms. Thus, this study was conducted to determine the effect of dry cupping therapy on the fatigue and QOL of women with MS.

Materials and methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 60 patients (30 patients in each group) with MS referred to the Medical Center of Special Diseases in southeast Iran. Patients in the intervention group received eight sessions of dry cupping therapy twice a week over 4 weeks, while the control group received routine fatigue reduction methods. Data were collected before and after the intervention by using the demographic information questionnaire, the Fatigue Severity Scale, and the Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS 18. The significance level was 0.05.

Results: Thirty patients entered the study; none of them were excluded from the study, and 30 patients were finally analyzed. Before the intervention, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of fatigue (intervention group: 47.67) 7.83); control group: 47.63) 8.76)) and QOL (intervention group: 48.85) 9.55); control group: 49.64) 9.90) (t = 0.018, p = 0.98 and t = 0.31, p = 0.75, respectively)). After performing cupping therapy in the intervention group, a significant decrease and increase were observed in the mean (SD) score of fatigue (intervention group: 34.48) 6.16); control group: 46.85 (8.95)) and QOL (intervention group: 60.14) 7.46); control group: 51.96) 9.45)), respectively (p < 0.001).

Conclusions: The findings showed that cupping therapy significantly reduced the patients' fatigue and increased their QOL. This method is recommended for reducing fatigue and improving QOL in patients with MS.

Background: Various aspects of women's functioning are affected by menstrual disorders. There are various treatment methods to control these conditions. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effects of peppermint on menstrual disorders.

Materials and methods: A comprehensive search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, SID, and Google Scholar without any limitations until July 31, 2023. To identify those studies that were consistent with the main purpose of this review, the search focused on the keywords "menstruation disorders," "Mentha piperita," and their other synonyms in the title and abstract of the articles. Methodological quality was assessed using the Jadad scale.

Results: A total of 238 articles were retrieved. After removing duplicates and irrelevant studies, 146 articles remained. After evaluating the titles and abstracts, the full text of the remaining eight articles was evaluated. At this stage, one article was excluded due to being in the Malay language, and two articles were excluded due to the use of water mint species. Finally, five Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) with a total of 499 participants were included. The quality rating of the included trials indicates that three studies were of high quality, and two studies were of low quality. The studies examined primary dysmenorrhea and premenstrual syndrome. Statistically significant reductions in pain severity, improved cognitive function, and gastrointestinal symptoms were observed.

Conclusions: The findings suggest that peppermint may be effective in improving menstrual disorders. However, high-quality RCTs that overcome the methodological limitations of the current studies are needed.

Background: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), implementing evidence-based care is vital for improving maternal and neonatal healthcare and outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of an evidence-based labor and normal delivery management plan on childbirth satisfaction and experience among primiparous women.

Materials and methods: A single-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted in 2023 at Sina Hospital in Ahvaz, Iran, involving 256 primiparous women with term, singleton, and low-risk pregnancies. Participants were selected using non-probability sampling and randomly assigned to either the intervention or control groups (128 in each) through block randomization. The intervention included the use of the WHO Labor Care Guide, consideration of maternal preferences such as freedom of movement and positioning, nutritional choices, and the preservation of maternal dignity. Trained healthcare providers implemented the evidence-based labor and delivery management program for the intervention group. Maternal satisfaction was measured using the Mackey Childbirth Satisfaction Rating Scale, and the childbirth experience was evaluated using the Childbirth Experience Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using an independent t-test, Chi-square tests, and Fisher's exact test.

Results: The mean score for maternal satisfaction was higher in the intervention group compared to the control group (t _245.93 = 6.63, p < 0.001). In addition, a statistically significant difference was observed in the average birth experience scores between the intervention and control groups (t ₂₅₄ = 8.57, p < 0.001).

Conclusions: Evidence-based labor and normal delivery management enhances maternal satisfaction and fosters a more positive natural childbirth experience.

Background: Natural childbirth is one of the most challenging psychological events in women's lives. Women's perceptions of this experience exert a profound influence on their psychological state and can impact maternal and infant health outcomes. Therefore, this study aimed to explain Iranian women's experience with pleasant natural childbirth.

Materials and methods: This qualitative study employed conventional content analysis. Semistructured, in-depth interviews were conducted with 17 primiparous women who experienced natural childbirth. Purposive sampling, aiming for maximum variation, continued until data saturation was achieved. The analysis followed Granheim and Lundman's conventional content analysis method.

Results: The analysis revealed a central theme of indescribable pleasure, supported by two main categories: intrapersonal factors and extrapersonal factors. The intrapersonal subcategories included mothers' self-confidence, feelings of security, heartfelt faith, feelings of empowerment, and a sense of worthiness. Extrapersonal factors encompassed respect for the mother, maternal support, midwives' professional skills, service quality, and the physical environment.

Conclusions: The study's findings emphasize the importance of several intrapersonal and extrapersonal factors that help women experience immense pleasure during natural childbirth. We highlight the need for mental and emotional readiness before conception, acquiring essential skills for pregnancy and delivery, and ensuring high-quality, respectful care to guarantee a positive birthing experience.

Background: Childhood malignancies give parents and children substantial psychological anguish and life disruption. One of the best strategies to enhance cancer patients' lives is palliative care. The present study aims to define the palliative care needs of families with children with cancer, identify strategies to address these needs, educate nursing staff to react as much as possible, and improve health care services.

Materials and methods: The current research was a qualitative investigation undertaken with the involvement of families of children diagnosed with cancer who were sent to educational hospitals in Ilam City in 2024. The data were collected via purposive sampling. Subsequently, data were gathered using semistructured interviews, and a guided content analysis was conducted for data analysis. The first stage of coding started by identifying the analysis unit, which encompasses words, phrases, topics, and sentences that possess distinct meanings. The primary ideas inside each analysis unit will be organized under the heading of the semantic unit.

Results: This study included 10 individual interviews with diverse subjects. The interviews revealed four main categories and 12 subcategories of palliative care needs for families with children with cancer: psychological care (mental distress, homesickness, cancer taboo, and collapse of mental image), social care (lack of coherent support network, financial challenges, displacement, and out-of-hospital/telephone care), and physical care. Rethinking Spirituality was removed.

Conclusions: Palliative care for children addresses medical, psychological, social, and spiritual issues to improve quality of life for the child and family. Correct and ethical treatment based on clinical recommendations is crucial.

Background: Most patients receiving nitroglycerin infusion experience some degree of headache. This study aimed to determine the effect of aromatherapy with lavender and valerian essential oil on the severity of headaches caused by nitroglycerin infusion, vital signs, and narcotic use in patients with coronary artery disease admitted to CCU wards.

Materials and methods: This three-blind clinical trial was performed with the participation of 90 patients with consent. Patients were randomly divided into three groups (lavender, valerian, and control). Samples of lavender and valerian groups were inhaled cotton soaked in 3 drops of fragrance for 30 minutes. In the control group, no intervention was performed and only the usual methods of pain control were performed for these patients. The severity of patients' headaches in four time periods (before the intervention and 15, 30, and 60 minutes after the intervention) was measured using the visual scale of pain and vital signs before and after the intervention.

Results: The results showed that in all three groups, there was a statistically significant difference between the different stages of pain measurements and the headache score had reduced (df: 4, p < 0.05) (X ^2: 5.98). There was no difference between the mean scores of the pain levels in the two fragrance groups after the intervention. But there was a significant difference between the fragrance and control groups (df: 6, p < 0.001) (X ^2: 49.04).

Conclusions: Aromatherapy with lavender and valerian essential oils is effective in reducing headaches in patients receiving nitroglycerin infusion and reducing their use of painkillers and narcotics.