Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.5709/ce.1897-9254.496
Badri Toppur, T. Thomas
Firms selling commercial vehicles often face difficulties due to recessions in the globalized economy. Manufacturers are keen to anticipate demand in future quarters to optimize their production schedules. In this study, commercial vehicle production data from a leading Indian automotive manufacturer were analyzed us- ing moving averages, exponential smoothing, seasonal decomposition and autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models with the goal of forecasting. The results reveal that the ARIMA (0,1,1) model effectively predicts the sectoral downturn coinciding with the global financial crisis of 2008. As life returns to normal after the financial crisis caused by COVID-19, such models may be used to strategically move past the disruption.
{"title":"Forecasting Commercial Vehicle Production Using Quantitative Techniques","authors":"Badri Toppur, T. Thomas","doi":"10.5709/ce.1897-9254.496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5709/ce.1897-9254.496","url":null,"abstract":"Firms selling commercial vehicles often face difficulties due to recessions in the globalized economy. Manufacturers are keen to anticipate demand in future quarters to optimize their production schedules. In this study, commercial vehicle production data from a leading Indian automotive manufacturer were analyzed us- ing moving averages, exponential smoothing, seasonal decomposition and autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models with the goal of forecasting. The results reveal that the ARIMA (0,1,1) model effectively predicts the sectoral downturn coinciding with the global financial crisis of 2008. As life returns to normal after the financial crisis caused by COVID-19, such models may be used to strategically move past the disruption.","PeriodicalId":44824,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Economics","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75605001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.5709/ce.1897-9254.493
Theodoros V. Stamatopoulos
The purpose of this paper is to contribute the relevant literature solving the puzzle of the excessive corporate cash. There are serious reasons to develop the falsifiable hypothesis “managers in the global hotel industry, act with bounded rationality in holding cash, when they cannot find optimal solutions”. First, it is explained why it is logical to have deviations from the neoclassical expected utility theory, coming not to be fully rational behavior. Second, it is shown that in complex and uncertain hotel industry’s environment, the decision making is better explained through the bounded rationality hy- pothesis (BRH), involving a search for alternatives, satisficing (satisfy + suffice), and adapting aspirations. Along with behavior-based economic theory, it seems that BRH can complete the trade-off and peck- ing order optimization-based models, that prevail the relevant literature, within the current economic “paradigm”. From a global sample of panel data of hotel industry for the period 2001-2018, the paper detects bounded rational behavior statistically, by not rejecting the null of relevant variables’ equal means in the tails of the cash distribution, and econometrically, by similarly estimated parameters to unrestricted and restricted models. Having found strong evidence in favour of the BRH for the “prof- itability” factor, balanced evidence for both boundedly and fully rational managers’ behavior, for the “value” and “investments” factors, while, no-evidence for the BRH in the case of the “size” factor. Thus, the complementarity of optimal with Simon’s satisficing solutions in the relevant cash management can benefit both investors and policy makers.
{"title":"Cash Holdings in the Global Hotel Industry: Do Managers Act With Bounded Rationality When They Cannot Find Optimal Solutions?","authors":"Theodoros V. Stamatopoulos","doi":"10.5709/ce.1897-9254.493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5709/ce.1897-9254.493","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to contribute the relevant literature solving the puzzle of the excessive corporate cash. There are serious reasons to develop the falsifiable hypothesis “managers in the global hotel industry, act with bounded rationality in holding cash, when they cannot find optimal solutions”. First, it is explained why it is logical to have deviations from the neoclassical expected utility theory, coming not to be fully rational behavior. Second, it is shown that in complex and uncertain hotel industry’s environment, the decision making is better explained through the bounded rationality hy- pothesis (BRH), involving a search for alternatives, satisficing (satisfy + suffice), and adapting aspirations. Along with behavior-based economic theory, it seems that BRH can complete the trade-off and peck- ing order optimization-based models, that prevail the relevant literature, within the current economic “paradigm”. From a global sample of panel data of hotel industry for the period 2001-2018, the paper detects bounded rational behavior statistically, by not rejecting the null of relevant variables’ equal means in the tails of the cash distribution, and econometrically, by similarly estimated parameters to unrestricted and restricted models. Having found strong evidence in favour of the BRH for the “prof- itability” factor, balanced evidence for both boundedly and fully rational managers’ behavior, for the “value” and “investments” factors, while, no-evidence for the BRH in the case of the “size” factor. Thus, the complementarity of optimal with Simon’s satisficing solutions in the relevant cash management can benefit both investors and policy makers.","PeriodicalId":44824,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Economics","volume":"133 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75690126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.5709/ce.1897-9254.492
Thi-Minh Ngoc Luu, Nguyen Phuong Mai, Thi Huong Dang, Thi Minh Hien Vu
Internal marketing (IM) has become essential in service industries since employees are considered critical to excel in customer service due to fierce competition. Previous studies have examined and proved the role of IM in retaining happy and loyal customers in a variety of industries. However, little research on IM was conducted in the telecommunication industry in both developed and developing countries. Thus, this paper aims to test the impact of IM elements on employee satisfaction in the Vietnamese telecommunication industry, one of the fastest-growing industries in recent years. We developed a research model based on the social exchange theory and adopted seven IM elements from previous studies. Data was collected from a sample of 362 employees working in the Vietnamese telecommunication industry through an online questionnaire survey and analyzed in SmartPLS 3.0 using the PLS-SEM technique to test the hypotheses. Our analysis results showed that reward had the strongest impact on employee satisfaction, followed by internal communication and vision. The least influential factor on employee satisfaction was training and development. On the contrary, fairness was identified not to have statistical significance on employee satisfaction. Thus, practical implications for managers in the telecommunication industry were proposed to promote employee satisfaction and engagement with the company by using IM practices
{"title":"The Impact of Internal Marketing on Employee Satisfaction in the Vietnamese Telecommunication Industry","authors":"Thi-Minh Ngoc Luu, Nguyen Phuong Mai, Thi Huong Dang, Thi Minh Hien Vu","doi":"10.5709/ce.1897-9254.492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5709/ce.1897-9254.492","url":null,"abstract":"Internal marketing (IM) has become essential in service industries since employees are considered critical to excel in customer service due to fierce competition. Previous studies have examined and proved the role of IM in retaining happy and loyal customers in a variety of industries. However, little research on IM was conducted in the telecommunication industry in both developed and developing countries. Thus, this paper aims to test the impact of IM elements on employee satisfaction in the Vietnamese telecommunication industry, one of the fastest-growing industries in recent years. We developed a research model based on the social exchange theory and adopted seven IM elements from previous studies. Data was collected from a sample of 362 employees working in the Vietnamese telecommunication industry through an online questionnaire survey and analyzed in SmartPLS 3.0 using the PLS-SEM technique to test the hypotheses. Our analysis results showed that reward had the strongest impact on employee satisfaction, followed by internal communication and vision. The least influential factor on employee satisfaction was training and development. On the contrary, fairness was identified not to have statistical significance on employee satisfaction. Thus, practical implications for managers in the telecommunication industry were proposed to promote employee satisfaction and engagement with the company by using IM practices","PeriodicalId":44824,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Economics","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74763561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.5709/ce.1897-9254.488
S. Brzeziński, A. Bitkowska
The progressing globalization processes and new technological solutions require the organiza- tion to constantly adapt to changes taking place in the environment. More and more compa- nies implement process management, both at the strategic and operational levels, considering the project and knowledge perspective. The article aims to show the usefulness of building the concept of integrated process management, based on the triad: processes, projects, knowl- edge in modern enterprises. The following research methods and techniques were used in the article: analysis of the literature on the subject, comparative analysis of the results of research carried out in the world, and the effects of own research carried out in Poland. The research has shown that usefulness of integrated business process management is ensured by the coordina- tion of processes and links with strategic and operational assumptions, synergies of processes, projects, and knowledge. Such a solution can help the organization and transformation pro- cesses in the effective implementation of the strategy.
{"title":"Integrated Business Process Management in Contemporary Enterprises - a Challenge or a Necessity?","authors":"S. Brzeziński, A. Bitkowska","doi":"10.5709/ce.1897-9254.488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5709/ce.1897-9254.488","url":null,"abstract":"The progressing globalization processes and new technological solutions require the organiza- tion to constantly adapt to changes taking place in the environment. More and more compa- nies implement process management, both at the strategic and operational levels, considering the project and knowledge perspective. The article aims to show the usefulness of building the concept of integrated process management, based on the triad: processes, projects, knowl- edge in modern enterprises. The following research methods and techniques were used in the article: analysis of the literature on the subject, comparative analysis of the results of research carried out in the world, and the effects of own research carried out in Poland. The research has shown that usefulness of integrated business process management is ensured by the coordina- tion of processes and links with strategic and operational assumptions, synergies of processes, projects, and knowledge. Such a solution can help the organization and transformation pro- cesses in the effective implementation of the strategy.","PeriodicalId":44824,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Economics","volume":"227 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74059240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.5709/ce.1897-9254.491
Nur Cahyonowati, D. Ratmono, A. Juliarto
This study aims to examine the role of social norms in increasing tax compliance. The traditional model of tax compliance predicts that audits and tax fines are the determinants of tax compliance. This study proposes that social norms would strengthen the effect of the economic factors (i.e., audits and penalties) on tax compliance behavior. Social norms regard tax fraud as incorrect behavior. From an economic perspective, taxpayers consider the social norms because violations of the tax rules bring social pressures that have an economic impact on the perpetrators of tax fraud. This study uses an experimental laboratory method with a 2x2 between subjects factorial design. Our final sample consisted of 198 subjects. This study provides empirical evidence that social norms strengthen the effect of tax fines, hence improving tax compliance. However, this study fails to provide empirical evidence that social norms enhance the effect of the probability of being audited and thus enhance tax compliance. This study contributes to the recent literature about non-standard motivations for tax compliance. Theoretically, this study implies that the standard model of tax compliance is not enough to explain taxpayer compliance behavior. This study also suggests the importance of developing social norms to the policymakers.
{"title":"The Moderating Role of Social Norms on Tax Compliance Model: A Laboratory Experimental Evidence in Indonesia","authors":"Nur Cahyonowati, D. Ratmono, A. Juliarto","doi":"10.5709/ce.1897-9254.491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5709/ce.1897-9254.491","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to examine the role of social norms in increasing tax compliance. The traditional model of tax compliance predicts that audits and tax fines are the determinants of tax compliance. This study proposes that social norms would strengthen the effect of the economic factors (i.e., audits and penalties) on tax compliance behavior. Social norms regard tax fraud as incorrect behavior. From an economic perspective, taxpayers consider the social norms because violations of the tax rules bring social pressures that have an economic impact on the perpetrators of tax fraud. This study uses an experimental laboratory method with a 2x2 between subjects factorial design. Our final sample consisted of 198 subjects. This study provides empirical evidence that social norms strengthen the effect of tax fines, hence improving tax compliance. However, this study fails to provide empirical evidence that social norms enhance the effect of the probability of being audited and thus enhance tax compliance. This study contributes to the recent literature about non-standard motivations for tax compliance. Theoretically, this study implies that the standard model of tax compliance is not enough to explain taxpayer compliance behavior. This study also suggests the importance of developing social norms to the policymakers.","PeriodicalId":44824,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Economics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74158999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.5709/ce.1897-9254.490
Livia Nathan, Khoirul Aswar, Jumansyah, S. Mulyani, Hardi, Azwir Nasir
This research is a quantitative study which aims to examine the level of corruption in the Indo- nesian local government with its influencing determinants, namely fiscal decentralization, gov- ernment internal audit, and law enforcement and natural resources as moderating variables. The population in this study is the district and city governments in Indonesia. The sample in this study consisted of 81 district governments and 33 city governments based on the purposive sampling method with the criteria of district and city governments having permanent legal force corruption cases in 2019. Testing the hypothesis in this study using Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) with the SPSS Version 24 program. The results showed that fiscal decentralization had a significant effect on the level of corruption, government internal audit and law enforcement had no significant ef- fect on the level of corruption, natural resources had a significant effect on moderating the effect of fiscal decentralization on the level of corruption. This research was conducted to examine and analyze the factors that can influence the level of corruption in local governments. In addition, with this research, it can be seen how local governments carry out their government affairs and the role of local governments in suppressing the level of corruption.
{"title":"The Moderating Role of Natural Resources Between Fiscal Decentralization, Government Internal Audit, Law Enforcement and Corruption: Evidence from Indonesian Local Government","authors":"Livia Nathan, Khoirul Aswar, Jumansyah, S. Mulyani, Hardi, Azwir Nasir","doi":"10.5709/ce.1897-9254.490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5709/ce.1897-9254.490","url":null,"abstract":"This research is a quantitative study which aims to examine the level of corruption in the Indo- nesian local government with its influencing determinants, namely fiscal decentralization, gov- ernment internal audit, and law enforcement and natural resources as moderating variables. The population in this study is the district and city governments in Indonesia. The sample in this study consisted of 81 district governments and 33 city governments based on the purposive sampling method with the criteria of district and city governments having permanent legal force corruption cases in 2019. Testing the hypothesis in this study using Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) with the SPSS Version 24 program. The results showed that fiscal decentralization had a significant effect on the level of corruption, government internal audit and law enforcement had no significant ef- fect on the level of corruption, natural resources had a significant effect on moderating the effect of fiscal decentralization on the level of corruption. This research was conducted to examine and analyze the factors that can influence the level of corruption in local governments. In addition, with this research, it can be seen how local governments carry out their government affairs and the role of local governments in suppressing the level of corruption.","PeriodicalId":44824,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Economics","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89232182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.5709/ce.1897-9254.489
D. Štreimikienė
There are two main ways to reduce anthropogenic GHG emissions: energy efficiency improvement and in- crease usage of renewable energy sources. Taking these two main ways into account, it is possible to analyze the main drivers of GHG emissions in the country and to make forecast of future GHG emissions based on historical trends. The Visegrad group (V4) countries, including Poland, Hungary, Slovakia, and Czech Republic were selected to provide comparative assessment of their GHG emission drivers and to evaluate effects of climate change mitigation policies in energy sector on GHG emission trends. The Kaya identity approach was applied allowing to perform simple multiplication. Kaya identity equation substitutes the factors with well- established and measurable quantities, which leave little space for ambiguity. The multiplying population size by GDP per capita, energy intensity, and carbon intensity of energy allows to get total GHG emissions in the country and define its energy efficiency or use of renewables are the main drivers of GHG emissions, including the effect of economic growth expressed by GDP per capita.
{"title":"Analysis of the Main Drivers of GHG Emissions in Visegrad Countries: Kaya Identity Approach","authors":"D. Štreimikienė","doi":"10.5709/ce.1897-9254.489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5709/ce.1897-9254.489","url":null,"abstract":"There are two main ways to reduce anthropogenic GHG emissions: energy efficiency improvement and in- crease usage of renewable energy sources. Taking these two main ways into account, it is possible to analyze the main drivers of GHG emissions in the country and to make forecast of future GHG emissions based on historical trends. The Visegrad group (V4) countries, including Poland, Hungary, Slovakia, and Czech Republic were selected to provide comparative assessment of their GHG emission drivers and to evaluate effects of climate change mitigation policies in energy sector on GHG emission trends. The Kaya identity approach was applied allowing to perform simple multiplication. Kaya identity equation substitutes the factors with well- established and measurable quantities, which leave little space for ambiguity. The multiplying population size by GDP per capita, energy intensity, and carbon intensity of energy allows to get total GHG emissions in the country and define its energy efficiency or use of renewables are the main drivers of GHG emissions, including the effect of economic growth expressed by GDP per capita.","PeriodicalId":44824,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Economics","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86010285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-06DOI: 10.5709/ce.1897-9254.487
L. Tran
The paper is aimed at assessing the impact of capital flows from commercial banks and FDI on sustainable economic growth in ASEAN countries. The study has conducted quantitative secondary analysis on data collected from 1980 to 2018 for Thailand, Vietnam and Malaysia. Descriptive statistics, correlation and ARDL are applied to measure the impact of each variable on sustainable economic growth. The study has shown a significant long-run relationship of short-term debt, long-term debt, technology, capital flows and savings and investment on sustainable economic growth. Short-term debt is found to have a negative impact in the long run. The short-run relationship between long-term debt, short-term and sustainable economic growth is significant while insignificant for all other variables. The study is useful for countries that are aiming for sustainable economic growth since all the factors are helpful to consider. Future researchers can use other regions to empirically examine the same model. The study is focused on only 3 countries from ASEAN countries and is only focused on one region. As economic and political scenarios different, results might not be same in other parts of the world.
{"title":"The Impact of Capital Flows from Commercial Banks and FDI on Sustainable Economic Growth in ASEAN Countries","authors":"L. Tran","doi":"10.5709/ce.1897-9254.487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5709/ce.1897-9254.487","url":null,"abstract":"The paper is aimed at assessing the impact of capital flows from commercial banks and FDI on sustainable economic growth in ASEAN countries. The study has conducted quantitative secondary analysis on data collected from 1980 to 2018 for Thailand, Vietnam and Malaysia. Descriptive statistics, correlation and ARDL are applied to measure the impact of each variable on sustainable economic growth. The study has shown a significant long-run relationship of short-term debt, long-term debt, technology, capital flows and savings and investment on sustainable economic growth. Short-term debt is found to have a negative impact in the long run. The short-run relationship between long-term debt, short-term and sustainable economic growth is significant while insignificant for all other variables. The study is useful for countries that are aiming for sustainable economic growth since all the factors are helpful to consider. Future researchers can use other regions to empirically examine the same model. The study is focused on only 3 countries from ASEAN countries and is only focused on one region. As economic and political scenarios different, results might not be same in other parts of the world.","PeriodicalId":44824,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Economics","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74961532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-06DOI: 10.5709/ce.1897-9254.483
Stefan Poier
In purchase behavior research, the personal dispositions of consumers can play a decisive role. This becomes relevant especially in very narrow target groups when socio-demographic constraints are very similar. In the present study, three types of continuity and change in the Big Five personality traits are investigated. While the Big Five personality traits have been extensively studied at the population level over the last decades, there is very little research at the individual level. This study is intended to fill the gap by investigating individual change and ipsative stability using representative panel data. Across four assessments, separated by four years, of the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) from 2005 to 2017, a total of 58,502 participants (ages 16–103, 53% female) completed a 16-item personality short test. An exploratory structural equation analysis revealed very good model fit over age in all four observations. Individual change of a trait is examined by Asendorpf's IS indicator while ipsative stability is measured by the double-entry intra-class correlation coefficient. The results showed that in both domains, stability showed an inverse u-shape with a peak between the ages of 40 and 50.
{"title":"How Stable is Your Customer? Individual and Ipsative Consistency of Consumers’ Big Five Personality Traits","authors":"Stefan Poier","doi":"10.5709/ce.1897-9254.483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5709/ce.1897-9254.483","url":null,"abstract":"In purchase behavior research, the personal dispositions of consumers can play a decisive role. This becomes relevant especially in very narrow target groups when socio-demographic constraints are very similar. In the present study, three types of continuity and change in the Big Five personality traits are investigated. While the Big Five personality traits have been extensively studied at the population level over the last decades, there is very little research at the individual level. This study is intended to fill the gap by investigating individual change and ipsative stability using representative panel data. Across four assessments, separated by four years, of the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) from 2005 to 2017, a total of 58,502 participants (ages 16–103, 53% female) completed a 16-item personality short test. An exploratory structural equation analysis revealed very good model fit over age in all four observations. Individual change of a trait is examined by Asendorpf's IS indicator while ipsative stability is measured by the double-entry intra-class correlation coefficient. The results showed that in both domains, stability showed an inverse u-shape with a peak between the ages of 40 and 50.","PeriodicalId":44824,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Economics","volume":"104 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88984120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-06DOI: 10.5709/ce.1897-9254.482
O. Popov, Sergiy Melnikov, Oleksandr Skachkov, V. Lyba
The aim of the study is to consider the concept of diversification in the context of foreign trade, to clarify the classification of types of foreign trade diversification, ways to assess the level and to conduct a mass assessment of the level of foreign trade diversification of countries. The justification of the undertaken topic is that the national economies of the modern world do not function autonomously, they are interconnected by trade, co-production, financial and migration flows, and following international integration, these relationships are only strengthening. Therefore, the disruption of foreign trade relations of countries can cause more problems, lower the level of their foreign trade diversification. However, despite of these, today the issue of foreign trade diversification is not sufficiently deeply studied, including ways to classify foreign trade diversification and assess its level. The research methodology includes methods for calculating indicators characterizing the level of diversification. For calculations, the values of indicators characterizing the annual volume of international trade of the countries of the world are used. The results of calculation of indicators of the level of foreign trade diversification according to statistical data on the volume of imports and exports of the world are presented. Choropleth maps of the level of foreign trade diversification of the world are created. Conclusions are made on the possibility and convenience of using indicators of foreign trade diversification.
{"title":"Assessment of the Level of Economies' Foreign Trade Diversification","authors":"O. Popov, Sergiy Melnikov, Oleksandr Skachkov, V. Lyba","doi":"10.5709/ce.1897-9254.482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5709/ce.1897-9254.482","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study is to consider the concept of diversification in the context of foreign trade, to clarify the classification of types of foreign trade diversification, ways to assess the level and to conduct a mass assessment of the level of foreign trade diversification of countries. The justification of the undertaken topic is that the national economies of the modern world do not function autonomously, they are interconnected by trade, co-production, financial and migration flows, and following international integration, these relationships are only strengthening. Therefore, the disruption of foreign trade relations of countries can cause more problems, lower the level of their foreign trade diversification. However, despite of these, today the issue of foreign trade diversification is not sufficiently deeply studied, including ways to classify foreign trade diversification and assess its level. The research methodology includes methods for calculating indicators characterizing the level of diversification. For calculations, the values of indicators characterizing the annual volume of international trade of the countries of the world are used. The results of calculation of indicators of the level of foreign trade diversification according to statistical data on the volume of imports and exports of the world are presented. Choropleth maps of the level of foreign trade diversification of the world are created. Conclusions are made on the possibility and convenience of using indicators of foreign trade diversification.","PeriodicalId":44824,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Economics","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74774742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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