Pub Date : 2023-06-28DOI: 10.17212/1727-2769-2023-2-56-67
Nicholay I. Schurov, S. A. Vnukov
The main problems of this study include an unstable load level, a large number of accelerations and decelerations, as well as a reverse operation of the traction motor. The goal is to develop an energy efficient drive based on the driving cycle to solve the above problems. In this work, an analysis of the WLTC driving cycle was carried out and its main characteristics were studied on the basis of test procedures under various operating conditions. The electric motor (EM) power is calculated based on the characteristics of the selected vehicle. Traction characteristics are built for various acceleration parameters and a specific engine model is selected. The traction drive was simulated based on the WLTC motion cycle in the “Matlab Simulink” software environment. The main model blocks are described and dependencies confirming the adequacy of mathematical modeling are displayed on oscilloscopes. A suitable energy storage device has been selected based on the battery comparison table. Ultimately, the power plant of an electric car was simulated taking into account the WLTC load cycle, under various input parameters and conditions.
{"title":"Simulation of effective electric vehicle power plant taking into account load cycles of motion","authors":"Nicholay I. Schurov, S. A. Vnukov","doi":"10.17212/1727-2769-2023-2-56-67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17212/1727-2769-2023-2-56-67","url":null,"abstract":"The main problems of this study include an unstable load level, a large number of accelerations and decelerations, as well as a reverse operation of the traction motor. The goal is to develop an energy efficient drive based on the driving cycle to solve the above problems. In this work, an analysis of the WLTC driving cycle was carried out and its main characteristics were studied on the basis of test procedures under various operating conditions. The electric motor (EM) power is calculated based on the characteristics of the selected vehicle. Traction characteristics are built for various acceleration parameters and a specific engine model is selected. The traction drive was simulated based on the WLTC motion cycle in the “Matlab Simulink” software environment. The main model blocks are described and dependencies confirming the adequacy of mathematical modeling are displayed on oscilloscopes. A suitable energy storage device has been selected based on the battery comparison table. Ultimately, the power plant of an electric car was simulated taking into account the WLTC load cycle, under various input parameters and conditions.","PeriodicalId":448354,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Russian higher school Academy of sciences","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115511102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-28DOI: 10.17212/1727-2769-2023-2-7-15
I. Ushakov, Ayur D. Oshorov, I. S. Safronov
This study is aimed at studying the physical mechanisms of deformation and fracture in the region of the boundary between amorphous and crystalline alloys at low temperatures. Experimental studies were carried out on composite samples with the solder PОСК 50-18 at different temperatures (152 К, 219 К and 293 K). The results showed that when the temperature decreases, the strength and ductility of the material decrease, which can lead to the formation of defects and cracks. Composite samples with the solder PОСК 50-18 behave quite stably at low temperatures, but still deteriorate their mechanical properties when the temperature drops to 219 К. The results obtained can be used for the development of new materials and technologies for joining amorphous and crystalline alloys for low-temperature applications.
{"title":"Physics of deformation and fracture at the interface of amorphous and crystalline metal alloys","authors":"I. Ushakov, Ayur D. Oshorov, I. S. Safronov","doi":"10.17212/1727-2769-2023-2-7-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17212/1727-2769-2023-2-7-15","url":null,"abstract":"This study is aimed at studying the physical mechanisms of deformation and fracture in the region of the boundary between amorphous and crystalline alloys at low temperatures. Experimental studies were carried out on composite samples with the solder PОСК 50-18 at different temperatures (152 К, 219 К and 293 K). The results showed that when the temperature decreases, the strength and ductility of the material decrease, which can lead to the formation of defects and cracks. Composite samples with the solder PОСК 50-18 behave quite stably at low temperatures, but still deteriorate their mechanical properties when the temperature drops to 219 К. The results obtained can be used for the development of new materials and technologies for joining amorphous and crystalline alloys for low-temperature applications.","PeriodicalId":448354,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Russian higher school Academy of sciences","volume":"27 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120916735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-28DOI: 10.17212/1727-2769-2023-2-41-55
D. Ustinov, A.R. Aysar
Current trends in the development of power supply systems for industrial facilities when applying the principles of distributed generation consist in the implementation of power supply from several power sources of different types and characteristics (photovoltaic cells, wind power plants, microturbine plants, diesel power plants), the maximum approximation of power sources to electrical loads, the use of electricity storage. The availability of such installations near consumers reduces the quantitative energy consumption by reducing the technical losses of the ge¬nerated energy and reducing dependence on fossil fuels. However, with these advantages, distri¬buted generation has created technical problems, one of which is the complication of relay protection systems due to the possibility of powering the damage point from different sides. This circumstance requires the development of new algorithms and protection schemes to ensure selectivity and to increase the sensitivity of relay protection. The purpose of the study is to analyze the algorithms of remote protection in distributed generation systems. The methods used comprise an integrated approach, including scientific analysis, processing and analysis of the results of theoretical and experimental studies in the field of relay protection of electrical complexes in networks with distributed generation. The results obtained present the analysis of various algorithms for the implementation of protection, which were implemented as proposals for distribution networks. The system of remote protection in networks containing distributed generation systems is presented, and the algorithms of operation are compared to increase the sensitivity of remote protection devices to the occurrence of various emergency modes: single-phase and three-phase short circuits. Several algorithms for increasing the sensitivity of remote protection for distribution networks in the presence of several power sources are considered. The comparison of these algorithms according to the criteria of the implementation cost, the accuracy of implementation, the number of necessary input data is also carried out. Practical significance of the research the research results can be used to take into account the effect of changes in the parameters of protected connections under conditions of electrical complexes operation in a network with distributed ge¬neration on the effectiveness of remote protection. They make it possible to increase the sensitivity and selectivity of the remote protection operation in case of emergency situations.
{"title":"Study of the protection algorithms in distributed generation systems","authors":"D. Ustinov, A.R. Aysar","doi":"10.17212/1727-2769-2023-2-41-55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17212/1727-2769-2023-2-41-55","url":null,"abstract":"Current trends in the development of power supply systems for industrial facilities when applying the principles of distributed generation consist in the implementation of power supply from several power sources of different types and characteristics (photovoltaic cells, wind power plants, microturbine plants, diesel power plants), the maximum approximation of power sources to electrical loads, the use of electricity storage. The availability of such installations near consumers reduces the quantitative energy consumption by reducing the technical losses of the ge¬nerated energy and reducing dependence on fossil fuels. However, with these advantages, distri¬buted generation has created technical problems, one of which is the complication of relay protection systems due to the possibility of powering the damage point from different sides. This circumstance requires the development of new algorithms and protection schemes to ensure selectivity and to increase the sensitivity of relay protection. The purpose of the study is to analyze the algorithms of remote protection in distributed generation systems. The methods used comprise an integrated approach, including scientific analysis, processing and analysis of the results of theoretical and experimental studies in the field of relay protection of electrical complexes in networks with distributed generation. The results obtained present the analysis of various algorithms for the implementation of protection, which were implemented as proposals for distribution networks. The system of remote protection in networks containing distributed generation systems is presented, and the algorithms of operation are compared to increase the sensitivity of remote protection devices to the occurrence of various emergency modes: single-phase and three-phase short circuits. Several algorithms for increasing the sensitivity of remote protection for distribution networks in the presence of several power sources are considered. The comparison of these algorithms according to the criteria of the implementation cost, the accuracy of implementation, the number of necessary input data is also carried out. Practical significance of the research the research results can be used to take into account the effect of changes in the parameters of protected connections under conditions of electrical complexes operation in a network with distributed ge¬neration on the effectiveness of remote protection. They make it possible to increase the sensitivity and selectivity of the remote protection operation in case of emergency situations.","PeriodicalId":448354,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Russian higher school Academy of sciences","volume":"32 3-4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132399061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-28DOI: 10.17212/1727-2769-2023-2-16-28
A. Kromm, G. M. Simakov, Andrey E. Gusev
The article discusses the analysis and synthesis of a system of highly dynamic "dead time" compensation in the current loop of motors powered from transistor pulse-width converters. The first part of the paper provides a brief analysis of existing technical solutions, whose algorithms do not imply changes or additions to the power part of the drive and therefore are implemented exclusively by software. It is shown that the most modern methods of adaptive compensation can be considered using reference models of the control object. A non-search adaptive dead-time compensation system is proposed in the paper which provides signal self-tuning in the motor current loop, and dead-time compensation is based not on linearization or correction of nonlinear effects and delays of a pulse-width converter, but on parrying disturbing influences caused by the negative effects of “dead time”. Particular attention is paid to the practical orientation of the proposed solution; therefore, the considered algorithm is based solely on the basic principles of the control theory proven by practice. This approach allows us to ensure not only the transparency of the theoretical arguments presented in the article, but also reduce the time spent on the analysis and synthesis of the current loop, the purpose of which, ultimately, is the optimization of high-precision drives. With the absence of iteration methods of mathematics, the resources of microprocessor control units are minimized, which makes this method even more attractive in low-budget drives that do not claim to "exclusivity of integrated circuitry. The proposed algorithm was integrated into the existing current loop of an asynchronous electric drive with vector control, which proved the high efficiency of static and dynamic compensation of not only the “dead time” of the converter, but also of the non-linear effects associated with it that are difficult to analyze. The adaptive "dead time" compensation increased the efficiency of the electric drive at low motor speeds, compared to voltage boost compensation, by approximately four percent, and also reduced the motor torque ripple by about seventeen percent. An oscillogram of the phase current of a real drive with "dead time" compensation is given according to the principle of parametric voltage addition, which is the most common in practice, as well as a waveform of current with adaptive compensation action according to the principle considered in this article.
{"title":"Highly dynamic \"Dead time\" compensation in electric drives based on signal adaptation","authors":"A. Kromm, G. M. Simakov, Andrey E. Gusev","doi":"10.17212/1727-2769-2023-2-16-28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17212/1727-2769-2023-2-16-28","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the analysis and synthesis of a system of highly dynamic \"dead time\" compensation in the current loop of motors powered from transistor pulse-width converters. The first part of the paper provides a brief analysis of existing technical solutions, whose algorithms do not imply changes or additions to the power part of the drive and therefore are implemented exclusively by software. It is shown that the most modern methods of adaptive compensation can be considered using reference models of the control object. A non-search adaptive dead-time compensation system is proposed in the paper which provides signal self-tuning in the motor current loop, and dead-time compensation is based not on linearization or correction of nonlinear effects and delays of a pulse-width converter, but on parrying disturbing influences caused by the negative effects of “dead time”. Particular attention is paid to the practical orientation of the proposed solution; therefore, the considered algorithm is based solely on the basic principles of the control theory proven by practice. This approach allows us to ensure not only the transparency of the theoretical arguments presented in the article, but also reduce the time spent on the analysis and synthesis of the current loop, the purpose of which, ultimately, is the optimization of high-precision drives. With the absence of iteration methods of mathematics, the resources of microprocessor control units are minimized, which makes this method even more attractive in low-budget drives that do not claim to \"exclusivity of integrated circuitry. The proposed algorithm was integrated into the existing current loop of an asynchronous electric drive with vector control, which proved the high efficiency of static and dynamic compensation of not only the “dead time” of the converter, but also of the non-linear effects associated with it that are difficult to analyze. The adaptive \"dead time\" compensation increased the efficiency of the electric drive at low motor speeds, compared to voltage boost compensation, by approximately four percent, and also reduced the motor torque ripple by about seventeen percent. An oscillogram of the phase current of a real drive with \"dead time\" compensation is given according to the principle of parametric voltage addition, which is the most common in practice, as well as a waveform of current with adaptive compensation action according to the principle considered in this article.","PeriodicalId":448354,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Russian higher school Academy of sciences","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126957714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-28DOI: 10.17212/1727-2769-2023-2-29-40
P. V. Mokrushnikov, V. Rudyak
A model of plasma membrane folding formation under the action of longitudinal and transverse mechanical forces applied to it is presented. These forces arise due to changes in protein-lipid and lipid-lipid interactions in the membrane and the submembrane spectrin-actin-ankyrin network under changing external conditions (temperature, pH), and interaction with ligands. A model of a linear elastic continuum is used. It is established that the amplitude of the height of folds is directly proportional to the amplitude of the applied distributed transverse forces and inversely proportional to the longitudinal stress. It is shown that if the value of the longitudinal stress exceeds a certain critical value, then the membrane folds are modulated by subfolds. The distributed transverse force has the same wavelength as the membrane folds. The results of mo-deling at a qualitative level explain the results of atomic force microscopy of the surface of erythrocyte membranes during their interaction with stress hormones and androgens.
{"title":"A mechanical model of fold formation on the plasma membrane","authors":"P. V. Mokrushnikov, V. Rudyak","doi":"10.17212/1727-2769-2023-2-29-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17212/1727-2769-2023-2-29-40","url":null,"abstract":"A model of plasma membrane folding formation under the action of longitudinal and transverse mechanical forces applied to it is presented. These forces arise due to changes in protein-lipid and lipid-lipid interactions in the membrane and the submembrane spectrin-actin-ankyrin network under changing external conditions (temperature, pH), and interaction with ligands. A model of a linear elastic continuum is used. It is established that the amplitude of the height of folds is directly proportional to the amplitude of the applied distributed transverse forces and inversely proportional to the longitudinal stress. It is shown that if the value of the longitudinal stress exceeds a certain critical value, then the membrane folds are modulated by subfolds. The distributed transverse force has the same wavelength as the membrane folds. The results of mo-deling at a qualitative level explain the results of atomic force microscopy of the surface of erythrocyte membranes during their interaction with stress hormones and androgens.","PeriodicalId":448354,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Russian higher school Academy of sciences","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132383019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-29DOI: 10.17212/1727-2769-2023-1-7-17
A. Besov, A. Gribovsky, A. V. Kulikov, V. Rogozhnikov, P. Snytnikov
This article aims to acquaint as many specialists in the field of heat engineering and thermal power engineering as possible with the possibilities and advantages of metal-mesh catalytic heaters developed at the Institute of Catalysis SB RAS. They are shown to be fundamentally different from catalytic heaters in which ceramic or glass-fiber structures are used as carriers of oxidation catalysts. Practical examples of the implementation of this technology on the example of a hot water boiler, infrared heaters and other small-sized household appliances are given. It was shown experimentally that the supplied gas is oxidized completely, and the efficiency of the laboratory, even unoptimized sample of hot water boiler determined by the inlet and outlet water temperature is not lower than 85 % in the range from 15 to 100 % of nominal capacity and 93 % in the low-power mode. The presented technology enables smooth regulation of the heater output within the whole range from 1.5 to 10 kW with power overlap factor of about 7.
{"title":"Prospects and advantages of using metal grid catalytic reactors for gas heating systems and household heating appliances","authors":"A. Besov, A. Gribovsky, A. V. Kulikov, V. Rogozhnikov, P. Snytnikov","doi":"10.17212/1727-2769-2023-1-7-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17212/1727-2769-2023-1-7-17","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to acquaint as many specialists in the field of heat engineering and thermal power engineering as possible with the possibilities and advantages of metal-mesh catalytic heaters developed at the Institute of Catalysis SB RAS. They are shown to be fundamentally different from catalytic heaters in which ceramic or glass-fiber structures are used as carriers of oxidation catalysts. Practical examples of the implementation of this technology on the example of a hot water boiler, infrared heaters and other small-sized household appliances are given. It was shown experimentally that the supplied gas is oxidized completely, and the efficiency of the laboratory, even unoptimized sample of hot water boiler determined by the inlet and outlet water temperature is not lower than 85 % in the range from 15 to 100 % of nominal capacity and 93 % in the low-power mode. The presented technology enables smooth regulation of the heater output within the whole range from 1.5 to 10 kW with power overlap factor of about 7.","PeriodicalId":448354,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Russian higher school Academy of sciences","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126773503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-29DOI: 10.17212/1727-2769-2023-1-39-55
V. Zubarev, B. V. Ponomarenko, A. G. Vostretsov
It widely uses complex signals based on code sequences in digital communication and radar systems. It pays most attention to code sequences analysis, synthesis, and implementation while developing such systems. Significantly less attention is paid to the shape of elementary signals (ES) constituting a complex signal. This work aims at a comparative analysis of the parameters of several known ES in terms of the rate of spectrum decrease and the accuracy of measuring the time position. Recommendations are given for choosing the best ES based on the criterion of unconditional preference. This paper aims in comparative parameter analysing of several known ESs from spectrum decrease rate and time position measurement accuracy points of view. Recommendations are given on choosing the best ES based on the unconditional preference criterion.
{"title":"On the choice of elementary signals for complex signal radio systems","authors":"V. Zubarev, B. V. Ponomarenko, A. G. Vostretsov","doi":"10.17212/1727-2769-2023-1-39-55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17212/1727-2769-2023-1-39-55","url":null,"abstract":"It widely uses complex signals based on code sequences in digital communication and radar systems. It pays most attention to code sequences analysis, synthesis, and implementation while developing such systems. Significantly less attention is paid to the shape of elementary signals (ES) constituting a complex signal. This work aims at a comparative analysis of the parameters of several known ES in terms of the rate of spectrum decrease and the accuracy of measuring the time position. Recommendations are given for choosing the best ES based on the criterion of unconditional preference. This paper aims in comparative parameter analysing of several known ESs from spectrum decrease rate and time position measurement accuracy points of view. Recommendations are given on choosing the best ES based on the unconditional preference criterion.","PeriodicalId":448354,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Russian higher school Academy of sciences","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123182302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-29DOI: 10.17212/1727-2769-2023-1-67-78
A. A. Slobodyanenko, V. Romodin, L. Shebalkova
In the article, to compensate for the probe effect o during near-field measurements on the plane, the theory of plane waves is considered, thanks to which it is established that the correction can be achieved by dividing the spectra of the measured plane waves by the function of the spectral response of the probe when it operates in transmission mode. To determine the spectral characteristics of the probe, it is proposed to use an electrodynamic calibration structure consisting of a three-dimensional model of a reference antenna supplemented by a model of a measuring probe. The ability of the proposed approach to correct measurements made using a dipole probe and the open end of the waveguide is demonstrated.
{"title":"Compensation for the influence of the probe in measurements of the near field of the antenna on the plane","authors":"A. A. Slobodyanenko, V. Romodin, L. Shebalkova","doi":"10.17212/1727-2769-2023-1-67-78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17212/1727-2769-2023-1-67-78","url":null,"abstract":"In the article, to compensate for the probe effect o during near-field measurements on the plane, the theory of plane waves is considered, thanks to which it is established that the correction can be achieved by dividing the spectra of the measured plane waves by the function of the spectral response of the probe when it operates in transmission mode. To determine the spectral characteristics of the probe, it is proposed to use an electrodynamic calibration structure consisting of a three-dimensional model of a reference antenna supplemented by a model of a measuring probe. The ability of the proposed approach to correct measurements made using a dipole probe and the open end of the waveguide is demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":448354,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Russian higher school Academy of sciences","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130721952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-29DOI: 10.17212/1727-2769-2023-1-31-38
G. Devyatkov
When solving a number of technical problems, it often becomes necessary to create devices that operate in multiple operating frequency bands. This leads to the problem of designing multiband filters, which is solved quite simply with a purely active internal resistance of the signal source and load. In the case when the internal resistance of the signal source and load are complex, Along with this, there is also the problem of coordination. This leads to the need to solve the problem synthesis of broadband multiband circuits connecting complex internal resistance signal source and load. In this paper, the use of methods for constructing a good initial approximations that make it possible to obtain the structure of the eigenfunctions of the device of an adequately problem with subsequent optimization on a computer, allows the synthesis of broadband multiband matching circuits in a lumped element basis for arbitrary admittances signal source and load.
{"title":"Automated synthesis of multiband matching devices","authors":"G. Devyatkov","doi":"10.17212/1727-2769-2023-1-31-38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17212/1727-2769-2023-1-31-38","url":null,"abstract":"When solving a number of technical problems, it often becomes necessary to create devices that operate in multiple operating frequency bands. This leads to the problem of designing multiband filters, which is solved quite simply with a purely active internal resistance of the signal source and load. In the case when the internal resistance of the signal source and load are complex, Along with this, there is also the problem of coordination. This leads to the need to solve the problem synthesis of broadband multiband circuits connecting complex internal resistance signal source and load. In this paper, the use of methods for constructing a good initial approximations that make it possible to obtain the structure of the eigenfunctions of the device of an adequately problem with subsequent optimization on a computer, allows the synthesis of broadband multiband matching circuits in a lumped element basis for arbitrary admittances signal source and load.","PeriodicalId":448354,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Russian higher school Academy of sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129766060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-29DOI: 10.17212/1727-2769-2023-1-18-30
V. Vardanyan, A. Maksimov
The influence of nonlinear phase interference of self-phase modulation and phase cross-modulation arising in an optical fiber on multichannel, spectrally separated signals is considered. A simulation program has been created in the environment of the object-oriented programming language C#, which makes it possible to calculate the BER in the receiving part depending on the parameters of the optical path. The program has several degrees of freedom in the following parameters: transmission rate, used linear signal code, optical power level in individual channels, length and type of optical fiber. It is shown that in order to achieve the required BER, it is necessary to limit the optical power levels in the channel signals. The results of simulation of signal transmission over a distance of 100 km for the number of channels 40, 80 and 160 with channel rates of 10 Gbit/s and 40 Gbit/s in NRZ and RZ linear codes are presented.
{"title":"A simulation program for assessing the effect of nonlinear phase distortions on the quality of signals in the optical path","authors":"V. Vardanyan, A. Maksimov","doi":"10.17212/1727-2769-2023-1-18-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17212/1727-2769-2023-1-18-30","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of nonlinear phase interference of self-phase modulation and phase cross-modulation arising in an optical fiber on multichannel, spectrally separated signals is considered. A simulation program has been created in the environment of the object-oriented programming language C#, which makes it possible to calculate the BER in the receiving part depending on the parameters of the optical path. The program has several degrees of freedom in the following parameters: transmission rate, used linear signal code, optical power level in individual channels, length and type of optical fiber. It is shown that in order to achieve the required BER, it is necessary to limit the optical power levels in the channel signals. The results of simulation of signal transmission over a distance of 100 km for the number of channels 40, 80 and 160 with channel rates of 10 Gbit/s and 40 Gbit/s in NRZ and RZ linear codes are presented.","PeriodicalId":448354,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Russian higher school Academy of sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129939471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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