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Small-Sized Hyperspectrometers with On-Line Image Recording 带在线图像记录功能的小型高光谱仪
IF 0.4 Q4 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-03-26 DOI: 10.3103/s8756699023060018
S. M. Borzov, P. E. Kotlyar, O. I. Potaturkin

Abstract

Based on an analysis of the main modern trends in the design of hyperspectral equipment, it is shown that when creating new small-sized devices for using in ground-based observation systems, the use of integrated optoelectronic circuits and optical components in planar design is promising. In particular, the expediency of using micromirror arrays in scanning systems and Mach–Zehnder planar interferometers in spectrum separation systems was noted. This makes it possible to abandon bulky, slow, and not always reliable mechanical components and create devices with on-line hyperspectral image recording.

摘要 根据对高光谱设备设计的主要现代趋势的分析,研究表明,在制造用于地面观测系统的新型小型设备时,在平面设计中使用集成光电电路和光学元件是很有前途的。特别是在扫描系统中使用微镜阵列和在光谱分离系统中使用马赫-泽恩德平面干涉仪的便捷性。这样,就有可能放弃笨重、缓慢、不一定可靠的机械部件,制造出具有在线高光谱图像记录功能的设备。
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引用次数: 0
Structure and Thermal Conductivity of Thin Films of the Si $${}_{{1-x}}$$ Ge $${}_{{x}}$$ Alloy Formed by Electrochemical Deposition of Germanium into Porous Silicon 电化学沉积锗到多孔硅中形成的 Si ${$}_{{1-x}}$ Ge ${$}_{{x}}$ 合金薄膜的结构和导热率
IF 0.4 Q4 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-03-26 DOI: 10.3103/s8756699023060043
D. L. Goroshko, I. M. Gavrilin, A. A. Dronov, O. A. Goroshko, L. S. Volkova

Abstract

Continuous and porous films of Si({}_{1-x})Ge({}_{x}) alloys with a germanium content of about 40(%) and a thickness of 3–4 (mu)m formed on single-crystal silicon by electrochemical deposition into the porous silicon matrix with a subsequent rapid thermal annealing at a temperature of 950({}^{circ})C have been investigated by the Raman scattering spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy methods. Based on the spectra in the Stokes and anti-Stokes frequency bands with the use of the Boltzmann statistics and the Fourier thermal conductivity law, the film thermal conductivity coefficients have been determined; their values are 7–9 and 3–6 W/(m K) for the continuous and porous films, respectively. The low thermal conductivity of the porous film is explained by an additional phonon scattering at a developed surface of pores. The possibility of application of such films in thermoelectric converters is provided by the simplicity and scalability of the procedure of alloy producing and its low thermal conductivity

摘要通过电化学沉积到多孔硅基体中,然后在 950({}^{circ}C 的温度下快速热退火,在单晶硅上形成了锗含量约为 40(%) 、厚度为 3-4 (mu)m 的 Si ({}_{1-x})Ge ({}_{x})合金的连续多孔薄膜。拉曼散射光谱法和扫描电子显微镜法对这种合金进行了研究。根据斯托克斯和反斯托克斯频段的光谱,并利用玻尔兹曼统计和傅里叶热导定律,确定了薄膜的热导系数;连续薄膜和多孔薄膜的热导系数分别为 7-9 W/(m K) 和 3-6 W/(m K)。多孔薄膜导热系数较低的原因是在发达的孔隙表面存在额外的声子散射。这种薄膜之所以能应用于热电转换器,是因为合金生产过程简单、可扩展,而且热导率低。
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引用次数: 0
Raman Scattering Spectroscopy and Photoluminescence of GaAs Nanowires 砷化镓纳米线的拉曼散射光谱学和光致发光
IF 0.4 Q4 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-03-26 DOI: 10.3103/s8756699023060055
I. V. Kalachev, I. A. Milekhin, E. A. Emel’yanov, V. V. Preobrazhenskii, V. S. Tumashev, A. G. Milekhin, A. V. Latyshev

Abstract

Experimental data on studying the phonon and optical properties of GaAs nanowires with orientation (111) located on a gold substrate with the help of Raman scattering spectroscopy (RSS) and photoluminescence (PL) are presented. Structural parameters of nanowires are determined by the atomic-force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) methods. In the micro-RSS and micro-PL spectra of a single GaAs nanowire, the modes of optical phonons of GaAs and their overtones up to the third order and an exciton luminescence band are observed. In the micro-PL spectra, anisotropy of the PL intensity is observed; the maximum/minimum signal is observed at the polarization-vector direction along/across the wire. Mapping of nano-PL of a single GaAs nanowire is performed with a spatial resolution of 20 nm, which is significantly smaller than the diffraction limit. When passing to the nanometer scale, a plasmon amplification of the signal of the near-field exciton nano-PL conditioned by the metallized AFM-needle is revealed.

摘要 介绍了借助拉曼散射光谱(RSS)和光致发光(PL)研究金基底上取向(111)的砷化镓纳米线的声子和光学特性的实验数据。纳米线的结构参数是通过原子力显微镜(AFM)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)方法确定的。在单根砷化镓纳米线的微 RSS 和微光致发光光谱中,观察到了砷化镓的光学声子模式及其高达三阶的泛音和激子发光带。在微PL光谱中,可观察到PL强度的各向异性;在沿着/穿过导线的偏振矢量方向上可观察到最大/最小信号。绘制单根砷化镓纳米线的纳米光致发光图的空间分辨率为 20 纳米,明显小于衍射极限。当达到纳米尺度时,金属化原子力显微镜针对近场激子纳米光致发光信号的等离子放大作用显现出来。
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引用次数: 0
Masked Faces Recognition Using Deep Learning Models and the Structural Similarity Measure 利用深度学习模型和结构相似性度量识别蒙面人脸
IF 0.4 Q4 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-03-26 DOI: 10.3103/s8756699023060146
Ouahab Abdelwhab

Abstract

Wearing a mask is an important element to prevent infection with Corona disease. With the widespread adoption of face masks as a preventive measure, traditional face recognition systems encounter challenges in accurately identifying individuals. In this paper, we proposed a methodology that uses different deep learning models with pretrained weights on ImageNet to extract features and the structural similarity measure (SSIM) to recognize masked faces. Ten deep learning models were used, which are VGG16, VGG19, ReseNet50, Inception, InpectionV3, MobileNet, DenseNet201, NasNetMobile, EfficientNetB7, and InceptionResNet. The classification accuracy is used to evaluate the performance of each model. VGG-16, VGG-19, MobileNet and EfficientNetB7 gave the best results with an accuracy of 98(%) which means that these methods are more appropriate for masked face recognition.

摘要 戴口罩是预防感染科罗娜病的一个重要因素。随着口罩作为一种预防措施被广泛采用,传统的人脸识别系统在准确识别个人身份方面遇到了挑战。在本文中,我们提出了一种方法,利用不同的深度学习模型和在 ImageNet 上预先训练的权重来提取特征和结构相似性度量(SSIM),从而识别戴口罩的人脸。本文使用了十种深度学习模型,分别是 VGG16、VGG19、ReseNet50、Inception、InpectionV3、MobileNet、DenseNet201、NasNetMobile、EfficientNetB7 和 InceptionResNet。分类准确率用于评估每个模型的性能。VGG-16、VGG-19、MobileNet 和 EfficientNetB7 的结果最好,准确率为 98(%),这意味着这些方法更适用于蒙面人脸识别。
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引用次数: 0
Determination of the Pore Direction in a Crystalline Metal-Organic Framework by Raman Spectroscopy and Periodic Calculations Based on the Electron Density Functional Theory 通过拉曼光谱和基于电子密度函数理论的周期计算确定晶体金属有机框架中的孔隙方向
IF 0.4 Q4 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-03-26 DOI: 10.3103/s8756699023060134
N. V. Slyusarenko, I. D. Yushina, E. A. Slyusareva, E. V. Golovkina, S. N. Krylova, A. N. Vtyurin, A. S. Krylov

Abstract

A method for the determination of pore orientation in metal-organic framework structures by polarized Raman spectra is proposed. The method involves sensitivity of the line intensity of Raman scattering to the geometry of propagation in a crystal. The operability of the method is shown by DUT-8 (Ni, Co) crystals. The obtained results are interpreted based on analysis of symmetry and direction of vibrations within periodic calculations of the electron density functional theory. The simultaneous approach allowed us to describe the vibrations and to find the principal crystal orientation collinear to the pore direction. The information on the pore orientation is necessary for problems of adsorption and design of complex multicomponent materials based on metal-organic framework.

摘要 提出了一种通过偏振拉曼光谱确定金属有机框架结构中孔隙取向的方法。该方法涉及拉曼散射线强度对晶体中传播几何形状的敏感性。该方法的可操作性通过 DUT-8(镍、钴)晶体得到验证。在电子密度泛函理论周期计算的对称性和振动方向分析的基础上,对所获得的结果进行了解释。同时进行的方法使我们能够描述振动,并找到与孔隙方向平行的主要晶体取向。孔取向信息对于解决吸附问题和设计基于金属有机框架的复杂多组分材料非常必要。
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引用次数: 0
Unusual Properties of Raman Spectra of Carbon Graphite from Seregen Deposit (Taimyr). A New Allotropic Form of Carbon? 塞雷根矿藏(泰米尔)碳石墨拉曼光谱的异常特性。碳的新同素异形体?
IF 0.4 Q4 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-03-26 DOI: 10.3103/s8756699023060092
N. N. Mel’nik, S. K. Simakov, D. S. Kostsov

Abstract

Fossil coal samples from various deposits were studied using the Raman scattering. An unusual Raman spectrum was discovered for coal graphite from the Seregen deposit (Taimyr). The spectrum consists of intense narrow bands, usually characteristic for single crystals, unlike the standard spectra for fossil coals—broad D and G bands and a weak second-order Raman spectrum. Research has shown that there is no direct analogy between the spectra of the Taimyr sample of coal graphite and the Raman spectra of other allotropic forms of carbon. Based on the experiments we posit that there is a possible new allotropic form of carbon.

摘要 利用拉曼散射对来自不同矿床的煤化石样本进行了研究。在 Seregen 矿床(泰米尔)的煤石墨中发现了一种不寻常的拉曼光谱。该光谱由强烈的窄带组成,通常是单晶体的特征,不同于化石煤的标准光谱--宽阔的 D 和 G 带以及微弱的二阶拉曼光谱。研究表明,泰米尔煤石墨样本的光谱与其他同素异形碳的拉曼光谱之间没有直接的相似性。根据实验结果,我们推测可能存在一种新的同素异形碳。
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引用次数: 0
Separation of Spectral Lines from a Broadband Background and Noise Filtering by Modified Tikhonov Regularization 通过修正的提霍诺夫正则化从宽带背景中分离光谱线并过滤噪声
IF 0.4 Q4 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-03-26 DOI: 10.3103/s8756699023060080
I. A. Larkin, A. V. Vagov, V. I. Korepanov

Abstract

We propose a technique for processing noisy spectral data that implements a mathematically based selection of sharp signal peaks on an unknown smooth background, for which there is no reliable theoretical model. The fundamental concept of the technique is to construct an optimizing functional that gives the most probable parameters of spectral lines. Unlike the Tikhonov regularization method, where a smooth unknown function is extracted from a noisy signal, we consider the problem of regularizing the superposition of a smooth background function with sharp peaks. The proposed approach provides an algorithm for processing experimental data that makes it possible to filter out random noise and determine both the peak parameters and the background function with good accuracy. Finding the optimal regularization parameters is based on a priori assumptions about the smoothness of the background function and the statistical properties of random noise.

摘要 我们提出了一种处理噪声光谱数据的技术,该技术在未知光滑背景上对尖锐信号峰进行基于数学的选择,而这种背景并没有可靠的理论模型。该技术的基本概念是构建一个优化函数,给出光谱线的最可能参数。与从噪声信号中提取平滑未知函数的提霍诺夫正则化方法不同,我们考虑的是平滑背景函数与尖锐峰值叠加的正则化问题。所提出的方法提供了一种处理实验数据的算法,可以过滤随机噪声,并准确地确定峰值参数和背景函数。寻找最佳正则化参数基于对背景函数平滑性和随机噪声统计特性的先验假设。
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引用次数: 0
The Influence of Nonlinear Phase Noise on Amplitude-Phase Channel OFDM Signals in Coherent Fiber-Optic Transmission Systems 相干光纤传输系统中非线性相位噪声对幅相信道 OFDM 信号的影响
IF 0.4 Q4 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-03-08 DOI: 10.3103/s8756699023050114
V. A. Vardanyan

Abstract

A coherent fiber-optic transmission systems of OFDM signals is considered. The channels are formed using spectral-efficient modulation formats (QPSK and M-QAM). The influence of nonlinear phase noise arising in an optical fiber on channel signals is studied. It is shown that nonlinear phase noise appearing in the optical path is converted into amplitude noise and, mixing with the noise of optical amplifiers, leads to a decrease in the signal quality factor. Estimation formulas for determining the noise immunity of channel signals by calculating the Q-factor are given.

摘要 研究了 OFDM 信号的相干光纤传输系统。信道采用频谱效率高的调制格式(QPSK 和 M-QAM)。研究了光纤中产生的非线性相位噪声对信道信号的影响。研究表明,光路中出现的非线性相位噪声会转化为振幅噪声,并与光放大器的噪声混合,导致信号品质因数下降。文中给出了通过计算 Q 因子来确定信道信号抗噪声能力的估算公式。
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引用次数: 0
Reconstruction of 3D Objects Based on Data from a Single View 基于单一视图数据重建 3D 物体
IF 0.4 Q4 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-03-08 DOI: 10.3103/s8756699023050126
S. I. Vyatkin, B. S. Dolgovesov

Abstract

A method for reconstruction of 3D objects based on data from a single image of curved surfaces is proposed. To reconstruct the surface, object silhouette data and a multilevel height map are used. Unlike known approaches to single-view reconstruction, the method has no depth limitation and requires an order of magnitude less calculations. High-resolution 3D models can be generated interactively.

摘要 提出了一种基于曲面单幅图像数据的三维物体重建方法。为了重建曲面,使用了物体轮廓数据和多级高度图。与已知的单视角重建方法不同,该方法没有深度限制,所需的计算量也少了一个数量级。高分辨率三维模型可以交互式生成。
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引用次数: 0
Optimization of Local Heat Transfer in Impact Jet Using Active Flow Control and Feedback 利用主动流量控制和反馈优化冲击射流中的局部传热
IF 0.4 Q4 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-03-08 DOI: 10.3103/s8756699023050102
M. P. Tokarev, M. Yu. Nichik, O. A. Gobyzov, I. A. Fedotov, V. M. Dulin

Abstract

The development of methods for controlling flow and heat transfer in submerged turbulent jets (impact jets) impinging on an obstacle is an important problem, since this configuration is used in various technical applications. Active flow control technology and optimization of the signal that controls the external flow disturbance in impact jets can be applied to use the inherent properties of the flow to further improve heat transfer at the wall. This work used IR thermography and PIV (particle image velocimetry) measurements for optical diagnostics of wall temperature fields and velocity fields under conditions of flow rate disturbance control, including feedback from a local velocity sensor. It was found that low-amplitude sinusoidal disturbances increase the integral temperature on the wall due to the intensification of flow separation on the wall compared to an undisturbed jet. It has also been established that high-amplitude disturbances in the pulsating jet mode make it possible to reduce the integral temperature by increasing the average flow velocity near the wall and compensate for unwanted flow separation. The genetic programming algorithm made it possible to find a self-oscillating mode in jet disturbance with feedback, which improves local heat transfer on the wall no worse than in the case of forced periodic disturbance.

摘要 由于这种构造被广泛应用于各种技术领域,因此开发用于控制冲击障碍物的浸没式湍流射流(冲击射流)中的流动和传热的方法是一个重要问题。在冲击射流中应用主动流控制技术和优化控制外部流动干扰的信号,可以利用流动的固有特性进一步改善壁面的热传递。这项工作利用红外热成像和粒子图像测速仪(PIV)测量,对流速扰动控制条件下的壁面温度场和速度场进行光学诊断,包括来自局部速度传感器的反馈。研究发现,与未受扰动的射流相比,低振幅正弦扰动会增加壁面上的整体温度,这是由于壁面上的流动分离加剧所致。研究还发现,脉动喷流模式下的高振幅扰动可以通过提高壁面附近的平均流速来降低整体温度,并补偿不必要的流动分离。通过遗传编程算法,可以在带反馈的射流扰动中找到自振荡模式,该模式改善了壁面的局部传热,其效果并不比强制周期扰动的情况差。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Optoelectronics Instrumentation and Data Processing
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