Evolution Psychiatrique最新文献

英文中文

Les sexuations, le féminin et la logique intuitionniste 性别、女性和直觉逻辑

IF 0.6 4区医学 Q2 Arts and Humanities

Evolution Psychiatrique

Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.evopsy.2023.04.009

Mélanie Reuil (Psychologue, doctorante), Jean-Jacques Rassial (Professeur émérite), Laetitia Petit (MCF-HDR)

Objectives

We propose a logical reflection on the feminine. In the Freudian corpus, this enigma finds various answers in which feminine desire can be interpreted from the phallic register's side. But, as a letter written to Marie Bonaparte testifies, Sigmund Freud belatedly concedes that he neglected a grey area of feminine desire, which caused him to fail to understand what women want. He calls this lack the dark continent. In this respect, Jacques Lacan took this reflexion a step further and, while considering the phallic dimension, he proposed additional theoretical elaborations such as the formulas of sexuation, which allowed him to theoretically extend Freudian ideas.

Method

In the Encore seminar, Lacan proposes the table of sexuation as an attempt to formalize the question of the difference of the sexes. This difference is questioned here at a symbolic level and through a logical approach. Lacan's formulas of sexuation thus overturn a simplistic and anatomical conception of sexual difference, by subverting a binary logic of the excluded third. In this way, these formulas meet the intuitionistic logic suggested by Luitzen Egbertus Jan Brouwer. Thus, based on a review of the Lacanian and Brouwerian literature, we question the interest of relying on intuitionism to apprehend the logic that operates on the feminine side of the formulas of sexuation.

Results

At the beginning of the 20th century, Brouwer, a Dutch mathematician, initiated his work on intuitionist logic. In 1908, in “That Logical Principles Cannot be Trusted,” Brouwer partially rejected the classical axiom of the excluded third, thereby opposing the Aristotelian foundations of logic. He refused to extend the logic of the excluded third to the treatment of infinite sets, for which, according to him, no a priori can be postulated. A double logical treatment is suggested in intuitionism: the infinite is treated logically differently than the finite, and this double treatment allows us to apprehend certain specificities of the feminine position. Lacan specifies that for feminine subjects, an undecidable relation is at work between the not-all formula and a double negation ¬∃x.¬Φx.

Discussion

The logical double treatment of intuitionism seems to illustrate the discordant logic of the not-all. The not-all subject is in a discordant relation between the phallic function Φx and S (Ⱥ). The formula S (Ⱥ) expresses a certain relation to the lack in the Other that we associate with a castration carried out on the Other. Similarly, the different interpretations (algorithmic, semantic) that have been made of intuitionism also seem to point in the direction of a discordance in this logic. We are interested in the importance of the interpretation of the Real and its consequences on the way we consider the different Lacanian dimensions (Real, Symbolic, and Imaginary). Indeed, from a psychoanalytical point of

目的我们提出了对女性的逻辑反思。在弗洛伊德的语料库中，这个谜找到了各种答案，在这些答案中，女性的欲望可以从阳具的角度来解释。但是，正如写给玛丽·波拿巴的一封信所证明的那样，西格蒙德·弗洛伊德姗姗来迟地承认，他忽视了女性欲望的灰色地带，这导致他无法理解女性想要什么。他把这种缺失称为黑暗大陆。在这方面，雅克·拉坎更进一步，在考虑阳具维度的同时，他提出了额外的理论阐述，如性化公式，这使他能够在理论上扩展弗洛伊德的思想。方法在安可研讨会上，拉康提出了性化表，试图将性别差异问题形式化。这种差异在这里受到了象征性的质疑，并通过一种合乎逻辑的方法。因此，拉康的性化公式通过颠覆被排斥的第三者的二元逻辑，推翻了性别差异的简单化和解剖学概念。这样，这些公式就符合Luitzen Egbertus Jan Brouwer提出的直觉逻辑。因此，基于对拉康和布劳威尔文学的回顾，我们质疑依赖直觉主义来理解性化公式中女性方面的逻辑的兴趣。结果20世纪初，荷兰数学家布劳沃开创了直觉逻辑研究的先河。1908年，在《逻辑原理不可信赖》一书中，布劳沃部分否定了被排除在外的第三者的经典公理，从而反对亚里士多德的逻辑基础。他拒绝将被排除的第三者的逻辑扩展到无限集的处理，根据他的说法，对于无限集，没有先验的假设。直觉主义中提出了一种双重逻辑处理：无限在逻辑上与有限不同，这种双重处理使我们能够理解女性地位的某些特殊性。拉康指出，对于女性主体，非全部公式和双重否定之间存在着一种不可判定的关系。Φx。直觉主义的逻辑双重处理似乎说明了并非所有事物的不和谐逻辑。并非所有的主体在阴茎功能Φx和S（Ⱥ）之间处于不和谐的关系中。公式S（Ⱥ）表达了与他者缺乏的某种关系，我们将其与对他者进行的阉割联系起来。同样，直觉主义的不同解释（算法、语义）似乎也指向了这种逻辑中不和谐的方向。我们感兴趣的是对真实的解释的重要性及其对我们考虑不同拉康维度（真实、象征和想象）的方式的影响。事实上，从精神分析的角度来看，持续的解释似乎对人们想象维度和愉悦之间的表达方式产生了影响。这种反思也使我们能够质疑在解释中考虑时间维度的影响。结论在性化公式的基础上，我们提出了对直觉主义逻辑接近女性立场逻辑的兴趣的反思。这一立场反映了一种不同于被排斥的第三者与阉割关系的逻辑。在女性方面，拉康提出了一种与阉割不可确定的关系，这让我们质疑他赋予这个术语的含义。为了理解它，我们借鉴了弗洛伊德提出的对Verleugung的两个定义，在这两个定义中，这种否定要么对应于在反常结构中否认性别差异的方式，要么对应于对可能与治愈结束相关的神经症的单独否定。在这两种情况下，这些否定的逻辑都与被排除的第三种否定的逻辑不同，因为在变态中，它与对阉割的肯定有关，而这种肯定被第二次否定（是但否），而在治愈结束的情况下，它是对象征性阉割的肯定和否定（是和否）之间的伴随考虑。

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引用次数: 0

L’agent en psychanalyse lacanienne : considérations théoriques et épistémologiques 拉康精神分析中的代理人：理论和认识论考虑

IF 0.6 4区医学 Q2 Arts and Humanities

Evolution Psychiatrique

Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.evopsy.2023.05.002

Becher Alloujami (Psychologue clinicien, doctorant, Aix Marseille Univ, LPCPP, Aix-en-Provence)

Objectives

The aim of this paper is to conceptualize the term “agent” which appears multiple times throughout Lacan's teaching. The challenge is to produce a coherent theorization of the term in order to properly situate it in the psychoanalytic praxis and to study the influence of North American culturalism on this praxis.

Method

We will examine the evolution of the notion of agent throughout Lacan's teaching. This trajectory begins officially in 1956, then disappears in 1959, only to re-emerge in 1969 in a radically different fashion. It is then a question of specifying what Lacan means by “agent” at each of these periods, and to show how each time he relies on this notion not to conceptualize it as such, but rather to build a dialogue with other psychoanalytic concepts.

Resultants

By following the evolution of the term, we arrive at a conceptualization of the agent as being equivalent to the status of the signifier as such. It is therefore important to distinguish the status of the agent from that of the subject and of the ego, which both seem to not manifest any real activity. The signifier, on the other hand, is that which allows the action to take place. This equivalence is thus implicit yet constant throughout the Lacanian teaching, first as a function in the Oedipal equation and then as an occupation in the theory of discourse.

Discussion

Our hypothesis is that the notions of agent and agency are misused in today's psychoanalytic writings. This is due to an American culturalist influence on one hand, but mostly to a hasty interdisciplinarity, which attempts to link psychoanalysis with other disciplines without taking the necessary time to redefine the concepts at hand. Agency is the perfect example: it is defined by cognitive and social sciences and then reused as such by some analysts without redefining it, which leads to a theoretic confusion between the subject and the agent.

Conclusion

A thorough conceptualization of the agent within the field of psychoanalysis allows us to avoid theoretic confusions due to an interdisciplinarity that doesn’t take the time to redefine concepts. It is therefore important to establish a dialogue between psychoanalysis and other disciplines without it losing its particularities.

本文的目的是对拉康教学中多次出现的“代理人”一词进行概念化。挑战在于对这个术语进行连贯的理论化，以便将其正确地置于精神分析实践中，并研究北美文化主义对这一实践的影响。方法我们将考察代理人概念在拉康教学中的演变。这种轨迹从1956年正式开始，然后在1959年消失，直到1969年以完全不同的方式重新出现。然后，问题是在每个时期具体说明拉康所说的“代理人”是什么意思，并表明他每次都是如何依赖这个概念，而不是将其概念化，而是与其他精神分析概念建立对话。结果通过跟随这个术语的演变，我们得出了一个概念，即代理等同于能指的地位。因此，重要的是要区分代理人的地位与主体和自我的地位，这两者似乎都没有表现出任何真正的活动。另一方面，能指是允许行动发生的东西。因此，这种对等在整个拉康教学中是隐含的，但却是不变的，首先是俄狄浦斯方程中的一个函数，然后是话语理论中的一种职业。讨论我们的假设是，代理人和代理的概念在今天的精神分析著作中被滥用了。这一方面是由于美国文化主义的影响，但主要是由于仓促的跨学科，即试图将精神分析与其他学科联系起来，而不需要花必要的时间重新定义手头的概念。代理就是一个完美的例子：它被认知科学和社会科学定义，然后被一些分析师重新使用，而没有重新定义它，这导致了主体和代理之间的理论混乱。结论在精神分析领域内对主体进行彻底的概念化，可以避免由于跨学科性而导致的理论混乱，而不需要花时间重新定义概念。因此，重要的是在精神分析学和其他学科之间建立对话，而不失去其特殊性。

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引用次数: 0

Plaidoyer pour l’abolition du mot « démence » et autres terminologies apparentées 呼吁废除“痴呆症”一词和其他相关术语

IF 0.6 4区医学 Q2 Arts and Humanities

Evolution Psychiatrique

Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.evopsy.2023.03.003

Jacus Jean-Pierre (Psychologue, Chercheur associé) , Agli Océane (Enseignant-Chercheur) , Brunet-Jarrige Marie-Christine (Psychologue, Enseignant-) , Cuervo-Lombard Christine-Vanessa (Enseignant-Chercheur)

Objectives

This article sets to explore the consequences of the predominant use of pejoratively connoted neuropsychiatric terminology relating to Alzheimer's disease (dementia, neurodegenerescence), although there are other more neutral terms.

Method

To explain the pejorative dimension, etymology, and also the history of these neuropsychiatric terms, are explored. In parallel, the authors underline recent evolutions in geriatrics concerning the contributions of neuropsychology and the neurosciences in research and care for Alzheimer's disease.

Results

At the start of the 21^st century, late neurocognitive disorders (senile dementia) have been linked to Alzheimer's disease (pre-senile dementia) on account of their neuropathology profiles. Pre-senile dementia has become pandemic, and entails numerous economic challenges linked to dependency. It is all the more stigmatizing because it is associated with complete and irreversible decline, in line with the generic language – dementia or neurodegenerescence – used to refer to it.

Discussion

The authors underline the use of other terms – “evolving neurological illness,” or “neurocognitive disturbances” – as a necessary but insufficient condition to put a stop to this stigmatization. Alongside, they report on the interest of global, humanistic approaches to the patient's experiences. What patients have to say is not always adequately heard, on account of their evolving cognitive disorders, and it is the families whose voices are most often heard.

Conclusion

While the neuro-psychological approach has had considerable impact on improving understanding Alzheimer's disease and other disorders, a global, humanistic approach nevertheless remains essential for patients with this disease, so as to promote their role as active protagonists on their own care trajectory. The authors thus underline the value of in-depth ethical reflection, integrating present knowledge and present practices in the accompaniment of patients.

目的本文旨在探讨主要使用与阿尔茨海默病（痴呆症、神经退行性变）相关的带有贬义的神经心理学术语的后果，尽管还有其他更中性的术语。方法探讨这些神经精神术语的贬义维度、词源及历史。同时，作者强调了老年医学的最新进展，涉及神经心理学和神经科学在阿尔茨海默病研究和护理中的贡献。结果21世纪初，晚期神经认知障碍（老年痴呆）与阿尔茨海默病（老年前期痴呆）的神经病理学特征有关。老年前期痴呆症已经成为一种流行病，并带来了许多与依赖有关的经济挑战。它更加污名化，因为它与彻底和不可逆转的衰退有关，与用来指代它的通用语言——痴呆症或神经退行性变——一致。讨论作者强调，使用其他术语——“发展中的神经疾病”或“神经认知障碍”——是制止这种污名化的必要但不充分的条件。此外，他们还报告了对患者体验的全球性、人性化方法的兴趣。由于患者不断发展的认知障碍，他们所说的并不总是能被充分听到，而最常听到声音的是他们的家人。结论尽管神经心理学方法在提高对阿尔茨海默病和其他疾病的理解方面产生了相当大的影响，但对阿尔茨海默病患者来说，一种全球性的、人性化的方法仍然至关重要，以促进他们在自己的护理轨道上发挥积极的作用。因此，作者强调了深入的伦理反思的价值，在患者的陪伴下整合现有的知识和实践。

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引用次数: 1

Histoire de la psychiatrie À propos de... « Une histoire comparée de la psychiatrie : Henri Ellenberger (1905–1993) » d’Emmanuel Delille “精神病学的比较史：亨利·埃伦伯格（1905-1993）”，艾曼纽尔·德莱尔

IF 0.6 4区医学 Q2 Arts and Humanities

Evolution Psychiatrique

Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.evopsy.2022.12.009

Benjamin Lévy (Psychologue clinicien, chargé d’enseignement)

引用次数: 0

La visualisation : un autre mode de traitement de l’Objet pulsionnel voix dans l’autisme 可视化：自闭症患者处理冲动对象声音的另一种方法

IF 0.6 4区医学 Q2 Arts and Humanities

Evolution Psychiatrique

Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.evopsy.2023.03.012

Laurence Beaudry-Jodoin (Psychologue clinicienne), Jean-Michel Vives (Professeur de psychologie clinique et pathologique, psychanalyste)

Objectives

This work aims to examine the subjective relationship, for autistic people, to the voice and to the other. More specifically, it questions the possibility of expression of the object-voice in autism, mainly through dance.

Method

In addition to oral expression and voicing, the authors propose a third mode of processing the voice through visualization. This hypothesis was tested through a therapeutic dance project with an autistic child within an institutional setting.

Results

Over the course of the sessions, by exploring directed and addressed movements, this project allowed for the sketching out of a common gestural grammar leading to expression through dance.

Discussion

By making the hypothesis that the invoking drive can be transposed in movement through a passage from the mouth-ear drive loop to the body-eye loop, the analysis of the different clinical extracts presented and the identification of the invoking drive loop allow us to witness a visualization of the voice.

Conclusion

Mediation through dance or movement for the autistic person could facilitate the establishment of interpersonal relationships and could make possible the expression of the libidinal voice.

目的本研究旨在研究自闭症患者与声音和他人的主观关系。更具体地说，它质疑对象声音在自闭症中表达的可能性，主要是通过舞蹈。方法除了口头表达和发声外，作者还提出了第三种通过可视化处理声音的模式。这一假设是通过一个治疗性舞蹈项目在机构环境中对一名自闭症儿童进行测试的。结果在课程过程中，通过探索定向和定向动作，该项目可以勾勒出一种常见的手势语法，从而通过舞蹈进行表达。讨论通过假设调用驱动可以通过从口耳驱动环路到体眼环路的通道在运动中转换，对不同临床提取的分析和调用驱动环路的识别使我们能够看到声音的可视化。结论自闭症患者通过舞蹈或动作进行调解，可以促进人际关系的建立，并使性欲声音的表达成为可能。

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引用次数: 0

CV2 - editorial board CV2-编委会

IF 0.6 4区医学 Q2 Arts and Humanities

Evolution Psychiatrique

Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0014-3855(23)00094-4

引用次数: 0

Language in the making: A clinical example of autistic structuring 制作中的语言：一个自闭症结构的临床例子

IF 0.6 4区医学 Q2 Arts and Humanities

Evolution Psychiatrique

Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.evopsy.2023.06.001

Jonathan Nicolas (Docteur en psychologie, chercheur associé au laboratoire Sulisom, université de Strasbourg, psychologue clinicien) , Renaud Evrard (MCF-HDR en psychologie)

Objectives

This interview aims to identify the specific advances of Henri-Rousselle Hospital at the time of its direction by Doctor Georges Daumézon, during the 1970s.

Method

The testimony of Jean-Michel Gentizon, Assistant at Henri-Rousselle Hospital between 1972 and 1976, which situates the historical context through the influential works of this period, allows us to progressively identify the stakes and the consequences of Georges Daumézon's action on French psychiatry.

Results

The policy of opening up to the different fields of psychiatry advocated by Georges Daumézon at Henri-Rousselle Hospital allows us to identify its essential function for French psychiatry in the 1970s. This institution proved to be a particularly innovative hub, soliciting the interventions of the great figures of psychiatry of this period. Its influence concerns the policy of the sector, the institutional psychotherapy movement, the field of clinical research, and the general political consequences of this action.

Discussion

The interview in its conclusion questions the current evolution of psychiatry, the less favorable opening modalities in the following decades, a lesser dialogue between the different currents, and the risks of a more recent narrowing of the current fields of research to the neurosciences alone.

Conclusion

The experience of Henri-Rousselle Hospital, as developed by Dr. Georges Daumézon, proves to be a particularly favorable illustration of a policy of opening up psychiatry to the different currents of its time as well as to the different registers of the human sciences.

目的本次访谈旨在了解20世纪70年代由Georges Daumézon医生指导的Henri Rousselle医院的具体进展，让我们能够逐步确定乔治·道梅松对法国精神病学的行动的利害关系和后果。结果法国国立罗塞尔医院的Georges Daumézon倡导的向不同精神病学领域开放的政策使我们能够确定其在20世纪70年代法国精神病学中的重要作用。事实证明，这个机构是一个特别创新的中心，吸引了这一时期伟大的精神病学人物的干预。它的影响涉及该部门的政策、机构心理治疗运动、临床研究领域以及这一行动的一般政治后果。讨论该采访在结论中质疑精神病学的当前发展，在接下来的几十年里不太有利的开放模式，不同潮流之间的对话较少，以及最近将当前研究领域仅限于神经科学的风险。结论Georges Daumézon博士开发的Henri Rousselle医院的经验证明，这是一个特别有利的例子，说明了向不同时代的潮流以及人类科学的不同领域开放精神病学的政策。

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引用次数: 0

De l’expérience du sentiment religieux à la haine du féminin : conversion à l’Islam et départ pour le djihad d’adolescents non musulmans 从宗教情感的体验到对女性的仇恨：非穆斯林青少年皈依伊斯兰教和圣战

IF 0.6 4区医学 Q2 Arts and Humanities

Evolution Psychiatrique

Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.evopsy.2023.03.011

Béatrice Dulck (Docteure en psychologie clinique, Psychanalyste) , Florian Houssier (Professeur de l’Université Paris Sorbonne Nord, Directeur, Psychanalyste)

Objectives

Many studies have looked at the phenomena of radicalization and then departure for jihad of French adolescents. A specific question concerns the conversion to Islam followed by a radicalization and departure for jihad of non-Muslim adolescents. This article aims to show the subjective consequences of a conversion to Islam in a context where the environment is saturated by the totalitarian discourse of political Islam and then fails to allow secondary identifications with the desirable feminine. The relationship between mothers and teenagers is at the heart of this work.

Methods

The method used is that of an analysis, based on psychaoanalytical theory, of non-directive interviews with mothers concerned by the conversion to Islam in adolescence of their children and their departure for jihad in Syria and Iraq starting in the second decade of the 21st century. The specific context of the interviews (recent announcement of death or announcement of detention in the camps) required an adaptation of the research interview frame in order to create and maintain a transferential link.

Results

The results obtained through the analysis of the interviews and of the research transference, oriented by psychoanalytic theory, made it possible to confirm the subjective importance of conversion to Islam as a major psychic event equivalent to the discovery of the feminine through the massive presence of matricidal fantasies. These fantasies take the form of the anachronistic practice of taqîya, of the departure for jihad, and remain in the links maintained after the adolescents’ departure.

Discussion

The discussion focuses on the place of fathers and siblings, which could not be explored in the context of this article, thus presenting an opening for further research. Fathers seem to occupy a specific place linked to the need to contact the authorities, the NGOs; they are often the ones to take action. Siblings are very affected by the departure of a brother or a sister, but their reactions are very diverse and merit further exploration.

Conclusion

Adolescence is a time when questions of the feminine and of the religious can be concordant, and can be reversed into their opposite in the hatred of the feminine. It is indeed the foundation on which all totalitarian political ideologies or religious-politico ideologies are built.

目的：许多研究都着眼于法国青少年的激进化和圣战现象。一个具体问题涉及非穆斯林青少年皈依伊斯兰教后的激进化和圣战。本文旨在展示皈依伊斯兰教的主观后果，在这种背景下，环境被政治伊斯兰的极权主义话语所饱和，然后不允许对理想的女性进行二次认同。母亲和青少年之间的关系是这项工作的核心。方法采用基于心理分析理论的非指导性访谈方法，对21世纪第二个十年开始关注孩子在青春期皈依伊斯兰教以及前往叙利亚和伊拉克参加圣战的母亲进行分析。访谈的具体背景（最近宣布死亡或宣布被拘留在营地）需要调整研究访谈框架，以建立和保持转移联系。结果以精神分析理论为指导，通过对访谈和研究迁移的分析，可以证实皈依伊斯兰教作为一个重大心理事件的主观重要性，相当于通过大量的母体幻想发现女性。这些幻想采取了taqîya不合时宜的做法，即离开圣战，并保持在青少年离开后保持的联系中。讨论讨论的重点是父亲和兄弟姐妹的位置，这在本文的背景下是无法探讨的，因此为进一步研究提供了机会。父亲似乎占据了一个特定的位置，这与联系当局、非政府组织的必要性有关；他们往往是采取行动的人。兄弟姐妹会因兄弟姐妹的离开而受到很大影响，但他们的反应非常多样，值得进一步探索。结论青春期是一个女性问题和宗教问题可以调和的时期，在对女性的仇恨中可以逆转为相反的问题。它确实是所有极权主义政治意识形态或宗教政治意识形态的基础。

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引用次数: 0

Jeu de rôle en ligne : un espace de narrativité inscrit dans la mise en scène de soi et de la famille 在线角色扮演：自我和家庭舞台上的叙事空间

IF 0.6 4区医学 Q2 Arts and Humanities

Evolution Psychiatrique

Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.evopsy.2023.02.001

Barbara Alcon Andrades (Psychologue Clinicienne) , Frédéric Tordo (Psychologue Clinicien, Docteur en Psychologie Clinique, fondateur et responsable du DU de Cyberpsychologie (Université de Paris), chercheur associé au CRPMS (Université de Paris), membre fondateur de l’École Française de Cyberpsychologie et Cyberpsychologie Clinique (EF3C), membre fondateur de l’Institut pour l’Étude des Relations Homme-Robots (IERHR))

Aim

The purpose of this research is to study how the way in which players use their avatar in Massive Multiplayer Role-Playing Games (MMORPG) contributes to self-construction. This particular space leads the players to the creation of a specific narrative identity, nurtured by interactions and experiences shared with peers, onto which they project fragments of themselves and their personal history that will be staged through image, action, and language.

Method

Four participants were recruited through a notice published on communication servers belonging to different communities of the same online game. The hypotheses were assessed through a series of two semi-structured remote interviews based on a grid of ten themes.

Results

The results show that role-playing is used as a tool for rewriting personal history, enabling participants to heal, on the level of the fantasy, their individual and family wounds and trauma. In this study, we also noticed that digital transparency supports the spontaneity of communications thanks to its disinhibiting function. Thus, online role-playing games turn out to be a potential space of real creativity where participants can interact by trial and error without fear of failure, where they can be destroyed and can express their own emotions and desires without destroying the other, because it's just pretend. In this way, they develop their subjectivity and try to develop a better affective attunement in order to integrate into the virtual and material human community. Digital transparency also facilitates participants’ investment in online role-playing as a place of projection and staging of their psychic contents in a symbolic repetition where the family history, even the family romance, are reinterpreted and become factors of transformation, reconciliation, or emancipation.

Discussion

Narrative identities are true reflections of the participants’ concerns and are invested during and outside game sessions. Through the position of narrator, the participants talk and develop meaningful friendships with other players. They try to give meaning to a shared subjective experience that they record as their own heritage as well as the group's collective memory. In this study, role-playing provides a form of containment for possible depressive affects and diverts attention from anxieties, like Pascal's entertainment. At first, this space could serve as a kind of technological substitute, a “prosthesis” for some players with defective psychic functions, who struggle to express their emotions and to bond with others. But over the years, they seem rather to seize upon the support provided by this “psychic orthosis” that links and connects to rewrite their own history, to seek out and to come to terms with others and themselves.

Conclusion

In these overlapping potential spaces of creation, players try to orient their

本研究的目的是研究玩家在大型多人角色扮演游戏（MMORPG）中使用化身的方式对自我建构的贡献。这个特殊的空间引导玩家创造一个特定的叙事身份，由与同龄人的互动和经验培育，他们将自己和个人历史的片段投射到这个身份上，这些片段将通过图像、动作和语言上演。方法通过在同一网络游戏的不同社区的通信服务器上发布的通知招募了四名参与者。这些假设是通过两次基于十个主题的半结构化远程访谈进行评估的。结果角色扮演被用作改写个人历史的工具，使参与者能够在幻想的层面上治愈他们个人和家庭的创伤和创伤。在这项研究中，我们还注意到，由于数字透明度的去抑制功能，它支持通信的自发性。因此，在线角色扮演游戏成为了一个潜在的真正创造力的空间，参与者可以在这里通过试错进行互动，而不必担心失败，在这里他们可以被摧毁，可以在不摧毁他人的情况下表达自己的情绪和欲望，因为这只是假装。通过这种方式，他们发展了自己的主体性，并试图发展更好的情感协调，以融入虚拟和物质的人类社区。数字透明度还促进了参与者对在线角色扮演的投资，将其作为心理内容的投影和舞台，在象征性的重复中，家族历史，甚至家族罗曼史，都会被重新解释，并成为转变、和解或解放的因素。讨论叙述性身份是参与者关注的真实反映，并在游戏期间和游戏之外进行投资。通过叙述者的位置，参与者与其他参与者交谈并发展有意义的友谊。他们试图赋予共同的主观体验以意义，并将其记录为自己的遗产和群体的集体记忆。在这项研究中，角色扮演为可能的抑郁情绪提供了一种遏制形式，并转移了人们对焦虑的注意力，比如帕斯卡的娱乐。起初，这个空间可以作为一种技术替代品，是一些心理功能有缺陷的玩家的“假肢”，他们难以表达自己的情绪并与他人建立联系。但多年来，他们似乎更愿意抓住这种“精神矫形器”提供的支持，这种“精神矫正器”将自己的历史联系起来，重写自己的历史，寻找并接受他人和自己。结论在这些重叠的潜在创作空间中，玩家试图通过共同的叙事，通过他们能够共同构建的经验来定位自己的生活，这种叙事既陌生又独特。他们可能会觉得自己更有能力面对一种主体间性，这种主体间性有时会让人感到失望或威胁。

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引用次数: 0

Vestiges et silence de l’envisagement dans l’œuvre de Jean Olivier Hucleux 让-奥利维耶-胡库利作品中沉思的遗迹与寂静

IF 0.6 4区医学 Q2 Arts and Humanities

Evolution Psychiatrique

Pub Date : 2023-08-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.evopsy.2023.07.004

Frédérik Guinard (Psychologue clinicien, Docteur en psychologie et psychopathologie clinique, Maître de conférences à l’Université Catholique de Lyon, Chercheur associé du CRPPC de l’Université Lumière Lyon2)

Objectives

This article sets out to explore the psychic processes involved in the creative work of Jean Olivier Hucleux, an artist of the end of the 20th century, whose hyperrealistic pictorial reproductions have been able to generate experiences of the “uncanny valley” in his audience. This article also considers the psychic operators that participated in Hucleux's artistic shift in the early 1980s, in an attempt to understand its logic and functions in relation to the whole of his creative process.

Method

We makes use of Jean Olivier Hucleux's life story, and the careful study of his works, as well as the many interviews, documentaries, articles that relate to his output. The method is that of the clinical approach to creation, which does not reduce the analysis of the work to a simple application of metapsychology, but which is interested in the psychic processes involved in the multiple dimensions of the creative act (corporal, representational, fantasy, social, interrelational, emotional, transitional, auto-sensual…).

Results

This article highlights a creative process characterized by the repetition of a trying physical experience where the painter goes beyond his limits of tolerance in order to reach a space of exhaustion where “there would be no more language”. This creative practice, first marked by a ruthless constraint to create and leading us to identify primary forms of symbolization in his work, will take a more tranquil course within a transitional space where these enigmatic signifiers, these primitive affects, and these unremembered sensations will find the possibility of hiding/being found by and in the creative act. In the mid-1980s, a lawsuit for counterfeiting allowed Hucleux to take an important step in the reorganization of this constraint to symbolize, whereby “experiments of envisioning” could be updated in a playful and interactive way, in contrast to the mechanical and solipsistic nature of his first, hyperrealistic, period.

Discussion

Is the work of Hucleux a work of psychic survival, at the limits of the madness of self-control, or can it be understood as a borderline experience of exploration of archaic processes? Listening to the work and its author, it is possible to hear the way in which his artistic quest is only interested in forms and impressions linked to experiences of attunement with the environment; His faces translate, by means of the re-staging of the meeting of a frozen, mortified double, the silences and uneasiness waiting to be symbolized.

Conclusion

The study of Hucleux's creative work constitutes a unique window through which we can explore psychic life on this side of secondary symbolization: that is, this weft of experience where the senses and the affects irrigate the mental functioning in the form of formal associative chains, at the risk of intersubjective deviation.

目的本文旨在探讨让-奥利维耶-胡库雷（Jean Olivier Hucleux）创作过程中所涉及的心理过程，他是 20 世纪末的一位艺术家，其超写实主义的绘画复制品能够让观众产生 "不可思议的山谷 "的体验。本文还探讨了参与 20 世纪 80 年代初胡库尔艺术转变的精神操作者，试图理解其与整个创作过程相关的逻辑和功能。方法我们利用让-奥利维耶-胡库尔的生平事迹、对其作品的仔细研究，以及与他的作品相关的许多访谈、纪录片和文章。我们采用的是临床创作方法，这种方法不会将对作品的分析简单地归结为对元心理学的应用，而是对创作行为的多个层面（身体、表现、幻想、社会、相互关系、情感、过渡、自我感官......）所涉及的心理过程感兴趣。这种创作实践最初以无情的创作约束为标志，并引导我们在他的作品中识别出主要的符号化形式，后来在一个过渡空间中走上了一条更加宁静的道路，在那里，这些神秘的符号、这些原始的情感和这些无法记忆的感觉将有可能被创作行为所隐藏或发现。20 世纪 80 年代中期，一场造假官司让胡克利在重组这种符号约束方面迈出了重要的一步，从而使 "设想实验 "能够以一种游戏和互动的方式得到更新，这与他第一阶段超写实主义的机械和唯我主义性质形成了鲜明对比。讨论胡克利的作品是处于自我控制疯狂极限的心理生存作品，还是可以理解为一种探索古老过程的边缘体验？通过聆听作品及其作者，可以听到他的艺术追求只对与环境相适应的体验相关联的形式和印象感兴趣的方式；他的面孔通过重现凝固的、痛苦的替身的会面，诠释了等待被象征的沉默和不安。结论对胡克利创作的研究是一扇独特的窗口，我们可以通过它来探索二级象征化这一侧的精神生活：也就是说，在这一经验的纬线上，感官和情感以形式联想链的形式灌溉精神功能，冒着主体间偏离的风险。

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