Pub Date : 2022-10-12DOI: 10.1080/19186444.2022.2127610
Mohd. Nadeem Bhat, Firdos Ikram, M. N. Rahman, Mohd Hammad Naeem
{"title":"Economic freedom of the world: wholly owned subsidiaries and joint ventures as binary response","authors":"Mohd. Nadeem Bhat, Firdos Ikram, M. N. Rahman, Mohd Hammad Naeem","doi":"10.1080/19186444.2022.2127610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19186444.2022.2127610","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45011,"journal":{"name":"Transnational Corporations Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82276132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/19186444.2022.2145865
Meelis Kitsing
Abstract This article shows conceptually how scenario planning method can be used in corporate strategy-making by considering both risks and uncertainties. Risk assessments can be used as foundation for trends shaping transnational corporations which form basic assumptions for scenarios. Uncertainties are key drivers of geopolitical developments in which combination alternative scenarios emerge. Various geopolitical scenarios developed by different foresight teams and ranging from direct war to conditional cooperation are outlined in the article. Most importantly, implications of these scenarios are explored for transnational corporations with particular focus on improving strategic resilience.
{"title":"Geopolitical risk and uncertainty: how transnational corporations can use scenario planning for strategic resilience","authors":"Meelis Kitsing","doi":"10.1080/19186444.2022.2145865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19186444.2022.2145865","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article shows conceptually how scenario planning method can be used in corporate strategy-making by considering both risks and uncertainties. Risk assessments can be used as foundation for trends shaping transnational corporations which form basic assumptions for scenarios. Uncertainties are key drivers of geopolitical developments in which combination alternative scenarios emerge. Various geopolitical scenarios developed by different foresight teams and ranging from direct war to conditional cooperation are outlined in the article. Most importantly, implications of these scenarios are explored for transnational corporations with particular focus on improving strategic resilience.","PeriodicalId":45011,"journal":{"name":"Transnational Corporations Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77058364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This paper investigates the impact of real exchange rate volatility and misalignment on exports and imports between China and the United States. Our empirical analysis used the quarterly time series data over the 1994Q:1–2019Q:4 period. We used the ARDL-bound testing approach for the short- and long-run relationship. The empirical results reveal that China’s real exchange rate volatility and misalignment significantly impact China’s real exports and imports over the sample period. In the short-run, the relationship between real exchange rate misalignments and China’s exports is positive, whereas negative with imports from the United States. In the long run, the real exchange rate misalignment positively affects exports and negatively affects imports. The evidence suggests that both higher real exchange rate volatility and misalignment directly affect the relative price of goods and encourage China exports to United States.
{"title":"The nexus between real exchange rate misalignment and US–China trade: evidence from post RMB regimes","authors":"Shaher Abbas, Xiaoyong Lu, Minrong Qiu, Chen Ai, Gui Peng","doi":"10.1080/19186444.2022.2127392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19186444.2022.2127392","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper investigates the impact of real exchange rate volatility and misalignment on exports and imports between China and the United States. Our empirical analysis used the quarterly time series data over the 1994Q:1–2019Q:4 period. We used the ARDL-bound testing approach for the short- and long-run relationship. The empirical results reveal that China’s real exchange rate volatility and misalignment significantly impact China’s real exports and imports over the sample period. In the short-run, the relationship between real exchange rate misalignments and China’s exports is positive, whereas negative with imports from the United States. In the long run, the real exchange rate misalignment positively affects exports and negatively affects imports. The evidence suggests that both higher real exchange rate volatility and misalignment directly affect the relative price of goods and encourage China exports to United States.","PeriodicalId":45011,"journal":{"name":"Transnational Corporations Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84185403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/19186444.2022.2146967
Ezo Emako, S. Nuru, M. Menza
Abstract The article considers analysing the effect of sector-specific foreign direct investment (FDI) (the primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors) on economic growth in 19 developing countries over the period 2005–2018. Variables such as human capital, domestic investment, financial development, openness of the economy, labour force, and arable land were included as control variables. A robust two-step system generalised method of moments (GMM) was utilised for the analysis of the data. The study found that FDI’s growth effect is indeed influenced by its sectoral composition in developing countries. The finding reveals that FDI in manufacturing has a positive and statistically significant influence on economic growth, whereas FDI in the tertiary sector has a statistically significant negative effect on economic growth, but FDI in the primary sector has a negative but negligible effect on economic growth. Lastly, it can be concluded from the above results that the more manufacturing FDI that countries attract, the greater their economic growth will be. In light of this, the countries should provide special incentives like tariff reductions, tax holidays, and cheap-rented land supplies in order to attract more manufacturing sector FDI.
{"title":"The effect of foreign direct investment on economic growth in developing countries","authors":"Ezo Emako, S. Nuru, M. Menza","doi":"10.1080/19186444.2022.2146967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19186444.2022.2146967","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article considers analysing the effect of sector-specific foreign direct investment (FDI) (the primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors) on economic growth in 19 developing countries over the period 2005–2018. Variables such as human capital, domestic investment, financial development, openness of the economy, labour force, and arable land were included as control variables. A robust two-step system generalised method of moments (GMM) was utilised for the analysis of the data. The study found that FDI’s growth effect is indeed influenced by its sectoral composition in developing countries. The finding reveals that FDI in manufacturing has a positive and statistically significant influence on economic growth, whereas FDI in the tertiary sector has a statistically significant negative effect on economic growth, but FDI in the primary sector has a negative but negligible effect on economic growth. Lastly, it can be concluded from the above results that the more manufacturing FDI that countries attract, the greater their economic growth will be. In light of this, the countries should provide special incentives like tariff reductions, tax holidays, and cheap-rented land supplies in order to attract more manufacturing sector FDI.","PeriodicalId":45011,"journal":{"name":"Transnational Corporations Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77216020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/19186444.2022.2141050
Xiaotong Zhang, Érick Duchesne
Abstract This special issue aims at further understanding of geopolitical risks facing multinational corporations in the context of the Russia–Ukraine war. In the Introduction, we first provide an overview of the contributions of each article in this Special Issue. Secondly, we offer a definition of a geopolitical risk, as “an international risk provoked by geography-related acts” and explain the underlying causes of these risks as associated with evolving geopolitical structures. Thirdly, we assess the price to pay for failing to anticipate geopolitical risks, using the Ukrainian Crisis as a Case in Point. In conclusion, we propose that it is essential to increase the focus on the “geo” components of “geopolitics,” to better understand the true meanings of geopolitical risks.
{"title":"Introduction for the special issue geopolitical risks and transnational corporations: the case of the Ukrainian Crisis","authors":"Xiaotong Zhang, Érick Duchesne","doi":"10.1080/19186444.2022.2141050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19186444.2022.2141050","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This special issue aims at further understanding of geopolitical risks facing multinational corporations in the context of the Russia–Ukraine war. In the Introduction, we first provide an overview of the contributions of each article in this Special Issue. Secondly, we offer a definition of a geopolitical risk, as “an international risk provoked by geography-related acts” and explain the underlying causes of these risks as associated with evolving geopolitical structures. Thirdly, we assess the price to pay for failing to anticipate geopolitical risks, using the Ukrainian Crisis as a Case in Point. In conclusion, we propose that it is essential to increase the focus on the “geo” components of “geopolitics,” to better understand the true meanings of geopolitical risks.","PeriodicalId":45011,"journal":{"name":"Transnational Corporations Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87240833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/19186444.2022.2144082
Shaohua Yan, Xu Yao, Bin Ma
Abstract As the most consequential geopolitical event in the post-Cold War era, the Ukraine Crisis has given rise to intensive debates over the impacts of geopolitics on the operation of transnational corporations. While lots of attention has been paid to the impacts of the crisis on global economies and business operations, there is still limited understanding of how Chinese transnational corporations (CTCs) perceive and respond to the geopolitical risks associated with the Ukraine crisis. This article contributes to the literature by studying the risk perceptions and mitigations of CTCs towards the Ukraine crisis. It argues that CTCs’ risk perceptions have centred on three aspects, including the Russia-Ukraine war itself, the sanctions imposed by western countries and the possible deterioration of China-EU-US relations. Based on these risk perceptions, CTCs have turned to diversified strategies to mitigate the geopolitical risks linked with the Ukraine crisis, with low-profile compliance being the dominant strategy among CTCs.
{"title":"Chinese transnational corporations in the Ukraine crisis: risk perception and mitigation","authors":"Shaohua Yan, Xu Yao, Bin Ma","doi":"10.1080/19186444.2022.2144082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19186444.2022.2144082","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract As the most consequential geopolitical event in the post-Cold War era, the Ukraine Crisis has given rise to intensive debates over the impacts of geopolitics on the operation of transnational corporations. While lots of attention has been paid to the impacts of the crisis on global economies and business operations, there is still limited understanding of how Chinese transnational corporations (CTCs) perceive and respond to the geopolitical risks associated with the Ukraine crisis. This article contributes to the literature by studying the risk perceptions and mitigations of CTCs towards the Ukraine crisis. It argues that CTCs’ risk perceptions have centred on three aspects, including the Russia-Ukraine war itself, the sanctions imposed by western countries and the possible deterioration of China-EU-US relations. Based on these risk perceptions, CTCs have turned to diversified strategies to mitigate the geopolitical risks linked with the Ukraine crisis, with low-profile compliance being the dominant strategy among CTCs.","PeriodicalId":45011,"journal":{"name":"Transnational Corporations Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74063755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/19186444.2022.2151792
Kai Liu, Wen Miao, Haoyi Jia
Abstract In recent years, the scale of China’s outward foreign direct investment has been expanding, and the political risks are also intensifying. How does political risk affect the decision-making of outward foreign direct investment? This paper collected the relevant data of 134 countries from 2003 to 2016, using the regression method of System Generalised Method of Moments. It studies the political risk preference of outward foreign direct investment in the world and China. The study found that there is no political risk preference in the world as a whole. In contrast, China’s outward foreign direct investment has obvious political risk preference. China does not have a political risk preference for developed countries. At the same time, China has shown strong default risk preference for emerging market countries and countries along the "the Belt and Road". This study adds default risk when measuring political risk, and further subdivides political risk into five categories, taking into account their internal interaction mechanism. In addition, this paper not only studies the similarities and differences of outward foreign direct investment 's political risk preferences between China and the world, but also introduces investment motivation to better explain the location choice of China’s outward foreign direct investment.
近年来，中国对外直接投资规模不断扩大，政治风险也在加剧。政治风险如何影响对外直接投资决策?本文采用系统广义矩量法(System Generalised method of Moments)的回归方法，收集了2003 - 2016年134个国家的相关数据。研究了世界各国和中国对外直接投资的政治风险偏好。研究发现，全球整体上不存在政治风险偏好。相比之下，中国对外直接投资具有明显的政治风险偏好。中国对发达国家没有政治风险偏好。与此同时，中国对新兴市场国家和“一带一路”沿线国家表现出强烈的违约风险偏好。本研究在衡量政治风险时加入了违约风险，并进一步将政治风险细分为五类，并考虑到它们之间的内在互动机制。此外，本文不仅研究了中国与世界对外直接投资政治风险偏好的异同，还引入了投资动机，以更好地解释中国对外直接投资的区位选择。
{"title":"How political risk in host country affects FDI: an explanation for the paradox of China’s investment risk preference","authors":"Kai Liu, Wen Miao, Haoyi Jia","doi":"10.1080/19186444.2022.2151792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19186444.2022.2151792","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In recent years, the scale of China’s outward foreign direct investment has been expanding, and the political risks are also intensifying. How does political risk affect the decision-making of outward foreign direct investment? This paper collected the relevant data of 134 countries from 2003 to 2016, using the regression method of System Generalised Method of Moments. It studies the political risk preference of outward foreign direct investment in the world and China. The study found that there is no political risk preference in the world as a whole. In contrast, China’s outward foreign direct investment has obvious political risk preference. China does not have a political risk preference for developed countries. At the same time, China has shown strong default risk preference for emerging market countries and countries along the \"the Belt and Road\". This study adds default risk when measuring political risk, and further subdivides political risk into five categories, taking into account their internal interaction mechanism. In addition, this paper not only studies the similarities and differences of outward foreign direct investment 's political risk preferences between China and the world, but also introduces investment motivation to better explain the location choice of China’s outward foreign direct investment.","PeriodicalId":45011,"journal":{"name":"Transnational Corporations Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84796485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The impact of transformational leadership on CWBs: the moderating effect of management level in a developing country","authors":"Mohsen Akbari, Amina Omrane, Hani Nikookar-Gohari, Ebrahim Ranji","doi":"10.1080/19186444.2022.2118492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19186444.2022.2118492","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45011,"journal":{"name":"Transnational Corporations Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89769444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-08DOI: 10.1080/19186444.2022.2116898
Sonali M. Mohapatra
{"title":"Export performance: a study of labour and capital intensive manufacturing industries in India","authors":"Sonali M. Mohapatra","doi":"10.1080/19186444.2022.2116898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19186444.2022.2116898","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45011,"journal":{"name":"Transnational Corporations Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87238194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-17DOI: 10.1080/19186444.2022.2108270
M. Mazhar, Muhammad Tariq Majeed
{"title":"Analysing export quality and ecological footprint nexus: evidence from South Asian countries","authors":"M. Mazhar, Muhammad Tariq Majeed","doi":"10.1080/19186444.2022.2108270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19186444.2022.2108270","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45011,"journal":{"name":"Transnational Corporations Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88258172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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