{"title":"Chris Gratien, The Unsettled Plain: An Environmental History of the Late Ottoman Frontier. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2022. 328 pages.","authors":"Barış Taşyakan","doi":"10.1017/npt.2023.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/npt.2023.16","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45032,"journal":{"name":"New Perspectives on Turkey","volume":"69 1","pages":"128 - 131"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44975762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article explores how Islamic art was produced and used in Turkey within the context of modern warfare during World War I, the War of Independence, and the nascent Republic – a subject still relatively understudied in Turkish history, as well as in international cultural histories of modern warfare and histories of modern art in the Middle East. Drawing on previously overlooked visual and textual sources such as calligraphic panels, miniature paintings, war posters, and religious timetables produced during the years 1914–1924, we examine the ways in which Islamic arts were articulated with the experience of war through both individual actions and official policies, revealing how Ottoman artists tried to make sense of war and how Islamic genres and motifs were appropriated, and sometimes subverted, in the service of the nationalist cause. We show that far from exhibiting a sharp discontinuity, the transition from Ottoman–Islamic to Republican–nationalist artistic content was gradual, involving the reappropriation and repurposing of Islamic motifs and techniques in a manner that reflected the religious mindset of the elites and masses in the early twentieth century.
{"title":"Islamic art and visualities of war from the Ottoman Empire to the Turkish Republic","authors":"Gizem Tongo, I. Schick","doi":"10.1017/npt.2023.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/npt.2023.19","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores how Islamic art was produced and used in Turkey within the context of modern warfare during World War I, the War of Independence, and the nascent Republic – a subject still relatively understudied in Turkish history, as well as in international cultural histories of modern warfare and histories of modern art in the Middle East. Drawing on previously overlooked visual and textual sources such as calligraphic panels, miniature paintings, war posters, and religious timetables produced during the years 1914–1924, we examine the ways in which Islamic arts were articulated with the experience of war through both individual actions and official policies, revealing how Ottoman artists tried to make sense of war and how Islamic genres and motifs were appropriated, and sometimes subverted, in the service of the nationalist cause. We show that far from exhibiting a sharp discontinuity, the transition from Ottoman–Islamic to Republican–nationalist artistic content was gradual, involving the reappropriation and repurposing of Islamic motifs and techniques in a manner that reflected the religious mindset of the elites and masses in the early twentieth century.","PeriodicalId":45032,"journal":{"name":"New Perspectives on Turkey","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48927841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present article is a study of the fiscal history of the Ottoman salt monopoly before 1881, when it was taken over by local and European creditors. It brings a novel perspective to the literature on Ottoman finances by highlighting a case of centralized collection of an indirect tax. It argues that the interplay between the government’s urge to raise indirect contributions and the consumers’ proclivity to illicit salt determined the enterprise’s sustainability. Not merely a security for European credit, the salt monopoly was a genuine Ottoman institution in the transformation to a modern fiscal state.
{"title":"Salt of the Empire: the making of an Ottoman monopoly, 1838–1881","authors":"Uğur Bayraktar","doi":"10.1017/npt.2023.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/npt.2023.20","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The present article is a study of the fiscal history of the Ottoman salt monopoly before 1881, when it was taken over by local and European creditors. It brings a novel perspective to the literature on Ottoman finances by highlighting a case of centralized collection of an indirect tax. It argues that the interplay between the government’s urge to raise indirect contributions and the consumers’ proclivity to illicit salt determined the enterprise’s sustainability. Not merely a security for European credit, the salt monopoly was a genuine Ottoman institution in the transformation to a modern fiscal state.","PeriodicalId":45032,"journal":{"name":"New Perspectives on Turkey","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41876141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bedross Der Matossian, The Horrors of Adana: Revolution and Violence in the Early Twentieth Century. Redwood City, CA: Stanford University Press, 2022. xiii + 343 pages.","authors":"Önder Uçar","doi":"10.1017/npt.2023.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/npt.2023.6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45032,"journal":{"name":"New Perspectives on Turkey","volume":"69 1","pages":"135 - 138"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48452168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article explores the relationship between women’s labor market participation and early childhood education and care (ECEC) in Turkey within a broader Mediterranean context. Since the 1990s, there have been significant changes in the familialist models in the Mediterranean region driven by women’s increased labor market participation and the expansion of ECEC services. The transformations in the region have unveiled a significant link between the expansion of preschool education and an increase in women’s labor market participation. Turkey missed this critical juncture in the 1990s, as indicated by the low employment rates of women and below-the-Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)-average preschool enrolment. Through a comparative perspective that examines the slow progress in both areas in Turkey as well as the gendered feature of its familialist model, the article emphasizes the need for closer analysis of the link between ECEC and the low labor force participation of women. Given that the expansion of ECEC in the 2000s has taken place through market-driven services, the article concludes that the link between ECEC and women’s labor market participation exhibits a class dimension. Thereby, women from lower socio-economic groups are increasingly experiencing the impact of the gendered characteristics inherent in the familialist regime in Turkey.
{"title":"Gendered familialism in a Mediterranean context: women’s labor market participation and early childhood education and care in Turkey","authors":"Başak Akkan, Ayşe Buğra, T. Knijn","doi":"10.1017/npt.2023.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/npt.2023.18","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article explores the relationship between women’s labor market participation and early childhood education and care (ECEC) in Turkey within a broader Mediterranean context. Since the 1990s, there have been significant changes in the familialist models in the Mediterranean region driven by women’s increased labor market participation and the expansion of ECEC services. The transformations in the region have unveiled a significant link between the expansion of preschool education and an increase in women’s labor market participation. Turkey missed this critical juncture in the 1990s, as indicated by the low employment rates of women and below-the-Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)-average preschool enrolment. Through a comparative perspective that examines the slow progress in both areas in Turkey as well as the gendered feature of its familialist model, the article emphasizes the need for closer analysis of the link between ECEC and the low labor force participation of women. Given that the expansion of ECEC in the 2000s has taken place through market-driven services, the article concludes that the link between ECEC and women’s labor market participation exhibits a class dimension. Thereby, women from lower socio-economic groups are increasingly experiencing the impact of the gendered characteristics inherent in the familialist regime in Turkey.","PeriodicalId":45032,"journal":{"name":"New Perspectives on Turkey","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44281681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article offers a critical reading of Nuri Bilge Ceylan’s Ahlat Ağacı (The Wild Pear Tree) through an exploration and critique of the mythmaking and monumentalization surrounding the Gallipoli Battle and the multiple ways in which Ceylan’s film unsettles the foundational myths of the last century in Turkey. Ceylan’s scenes and characters are constructed in such a way that the male characters and particularly Sinan (the main character) refuse to succumb to hegemonic codes of masculinity. Through this cinematic refusal by an anti-hero (Sinan), the film addresses the crisis of hegemonic masculinities in their interconnectedness to militarism, nationalism, capitalism, and heteronormativity. Through Sinan’s quest for self-realization, the film signals not only the impotence and vanity of nationalist masculinities but also the caesuras and instabilities in national myths. As the last film of Nuri Bilge Ceylan’s new Land of Ghosts trilogy, which started with Once Upon a Time in Anatolia and Winter Sleep, Ahlat Ağacı seems to close the cycle with a final scene that bespeaks the possibility of unearthing lost others of national mythmaking, bringing fertility and hope to the lands in which collective amnesia reigns supreme.
{"title":"On land, memory, and masculinity: unearthing silences around myths of Gallipoli in Nuri Bilge Ceylan’s Ahlat Ağacı (The Wild Pear Tree)","authors":"Hülya Adak, Murat Akser","doi":"10.1017/npt.2023.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/npt.2023.9","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article offers a critical reading of Nuri Bilge Ceylan’s Ahlat Ağacı (The Wild Pear Tree) through an exploration and critique of the mythmaking and monumentalization surrounding the Gallipoli Battle and the multiple ways in which Ceylan’s film unsettles the foundational myths of the last century in Turkey. Ceylan’s scenes and characters are constructed in such a way that the male characters and particularly Sinan (the main character) refuse to succumb to hegemonic codes of masculinity. Through this cinematic refusal by an anti-hero (Sinan), the film addresses the crisis of hegemonic masculinities in their interconnectedness to militarism, nationalism, capitalism, and heteronormativity. Through Sinan’s quest for self-realization, the film signals not only the impotence and vanity of nationalist masculinities but also the caesuras and instabilities in national myths. As the last film of Nuri Bilge Ceylan’s new Land of Ghosts trilogy, which started with Once Upon a Time in Anatolia and Winter Sleep, Ahlat Ağacı seems to close the cycle with a final scene that bespeaks the possibility of unearthing lost others of national mythmaking, bringing fertility and hope to the lands in which collective amnesia reigns supreme.","PeriodicalId":45032,"journal":{"name":"New Perspectives on Turkey","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43327685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract A Bourdieusian analysis of gender relations within political organizations is highly instructive. This kind of analysis might provide insight into the intertwinement of gender and politics by illuminating the construction process of gendered political identities. Drawing upon memoirs written by the members of the left-wing organizations in Turkey and interviews conducted with them, this article argues that the narratives of members of the Turkish left reflect the multidimensional nature of what Pierre Bourdieu called masculine domination.
{"title":"“Invisible sisters, invincible brothers:” tracing masculine domination within the Turkish left","authors":"Bahadır Türk, Hacı Bayram","doi":"10.1017/npt.2023.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/npt.2023.11","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A Bourdieusian analysis of gender relations within political organizations is highly instructive. This kind of analysis might provide insight into the intertwinement of gender and politics by illuminating the construction process of gendered political identities. Drawing upon memoirs written by the members of the left-wing organizations in Turkey and interviews conducted with them, this article argues that the narratives of members of the Turkish left reflect the multidimensional nature of what Pierre Bourdieu called masculine domination.","PeriodicalId":45032,"journal":{"name":"New Perspectives on Turkey","volume":"69 1","pages":"92 - 110"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45218648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Murat Koyuncu, Fatih Serkant Adiguzel, Julinda Hoxha, Kaleb Herman Adney, N. Maksudyan
{"title":"NPT volume 68 Cover and Front matter","authors":"Murat Koyuncu, Fatih Serkant Adiguzel, Julinda Hoxha, Kaleb Herman Adney, N. Maksudyan","doi":"10.1017/npt.2023.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/npt.2023.14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45032,"journal":{"name":"New Perspectives on Turkey","volume":"68 1","pages":"f1 - f4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46756659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
New Perspectives on Turkey’s 68th issue for Spring 2023 is coming in the aftermath of domestic challenges in Turkey. Following one of the worst disasters in recent history not only in Turkey but also in the world, the country is still fighting hard to recover from the double earthquakes of February 6. Though their epicenter was Kahramanmaraş, a southeastern city of 1.1 million, the earthquakes wreaked havoc in ten surrounding provinces (manymore in northern Syria), home to more than 13million people, and killed more than 50,000 according to official figures. It deeply impacted another ten provinces neighboring the hard-hit areas, and arguably, the entire country has been transformed by this highly devastating experience socially, politically, economically, and psychologically. The lingering effects are expected to further alter the region and the nation in numerous unprecedented ways. We are deeply sorry for the loss of tens of thousands of lives. The other process defining the moment of publication of our 68th issue is the upcoming national elections of May 14. The country is headed to elections in yet another extremely polarized political atmosphere, which has been exacerbated by the impact of the double earthquakes. Continuing high inflation rates are impacting all aspects of domestic politics and the economy and these are further convoluted by the persistent regional challenges such as the ongoing war in Ukraine and the perennial conflict in Syria. We are deeply saddened by the loss of our editorial board member and a much-admired professor for many, Professor Fikret Şenses. Şenses contributed to our journal until the very end with his widely read and highly influential piece on the Turkish economy. We start this issue with a memorial essay written by a student of his, as well as a member of our editorial board, Murat Koyuncu. This issue features five independent articles, a review article and six book reviews. The independent articles contribute to various current scholarly debates in Turkey from environment to migration, from gender representations in media to elections. We have written many times that we want NPT with its interdisciplinary approach to be a dynamic medium to cover environmental and climate change related research. The first two articles of this issue are a product of this agenda. The first article by Berna Doğan, Hasan Tekgüç and Alp Erinç Yeldan brings together the debates on basic income and environmental policy making. Investigating the potential of what they call the green basic income program, the authors argue that such policy scenarios have the capacity to achieve both GDP growth to expand welfare and reduce carbon emissions to address global environmental challenges. The second article of this issue by Fatih Serkant Adıgüzel addresses the critical problem of deforestation in Turkey.
{"title":"Editors’ Introduction","authors":"Evren M. Dinçer, Biray Kolluoğlu, Deniz Yükseker","doi":"10.1017/npt.2023.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/npt.2023.13","url":null,"abstract":"New Perspectives on Turkey’s 68th issue for Spring 2023 is coming in the aftermath of domestic challenges in Turkey. Following one of the worst disasters in recent history not only in Turkey but also in the world, the country is still fighting hard to recover from the double earthquakes of February 6. Though their epicenter was Kahramanmaraş, a southeastern city of 1.1 million, the earthquakes wreaked havoc in ten surrounding provinces (manymore in northern Syria), home to more than 13million people, and killed more than 50,000 according to official figures. It deeply impacted another ten provinces neighboring the hard-hit areas, and arguably, the entire country has been transformed by this highly devastating experience socially, politically, economically, and psychologically. The lingering effects are expected to further alter the region and the nation in numerous unprecedented ways. We are deeply sorry for the loss of tens of thousands of lives. The other process defining the moment of publication of our 68th issue is the upcoming national elections of May 14. The country is headed to elections in yet another extremely polarized political atmosphere, which has been exacerbated by the impact of the double earthquakes. Continuing high inflation rates are impacting all aspects of domestic politics and the economy and these are further convoluted by the persistent regional challenges such as the ongoing war in Ukraine and the perennial conflict in Syria. We are deeply saddened by the loss of our editorial board member and a much-admired professor for many, Professor Fikret Şenses. Şenses contributed to our journal until the very end with his widely read and highly influential piece on the Turkish economy. We start this issue with a memorial essay written by a student of his, as well as a member of our editorial board, Murat Koyuncu. This issue features five independent articles, a review article and six book reviews. The independent articles contribute to various current scholarly debates in Turkey from environment to migration, from gender representations in media to elections. We have written many times that we want NPT with its interdisciplinary approach to be a dynamic medium to cover environmental and climate change related research. The first two articles of this issue are a product of this agenda. The first article by Berna Doğan, Hasan Tekgüç and Alp Erinç Yeldan brings together the debates on basic income and environmental policy making. Investigating the potential of what they call the green basic income program, the authors argue that such policy scenarios have the capacity to achieve both GDP growth to expand welfare and reduce carbon emissions to address global environmental challenges. The second article of this issue by Fatih Serkant Adıgüzel addresses the critical problem of deforestation in Turkey.","PeriodicalId":45032,"journal":{"name":"New Perspectives on Turkey","volume":"68 1","pages":"1 - 2"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47591458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"NPT volume 68 Cover and Back matter","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/npt.2023.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/npt.2023.15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45032,"journal":{"name":"New Perspectives on Turkey","volume":"68 1","pages":"b1 - b2"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42659649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：