Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Medicine and Pathology最新文献

Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome (mucopolysaccharidoses VI) is a rare genetic disease results in functional deficiency of arylsulfatase B and accumulation of dermatan sulfate within lysosomes in various tissues. Here we present an 8-year-old male who was referred for treatment of limited mouth opening. The patient had been diagnosed with mucopolysaccharidoses VI at age of 6 months. He had received bone marrow transplantation at age of 3.5 years, developed graft-versus-host disease and subsequent vitiligo-like changes. The patient presented with short stature, and some skeletal anomalies. In radiographic images bilateral hyperplasia of the coronoid process, underdeveloped condyles, and dentigerous cyst-like follicles in the jaws were noted. Bilateral coronoidectomy was performed to improve the maximum opening of the mouth. Post-op follow-up examinations in 5 years showed moderate improvement. Abnormal coronoid and condylar processes are unusual in MPS VI. Proper management is needed to improve patients’ oral and general health for the remainder of their lives.

Introduction

In dentistry, AI technologies are revolutionizing diagnosis, treatment planning, and patient care. From image analysis for detecting cavities and fractures to personalized treatment recommendations based on patient data, AI is enhancing efficiency and accuracy in dental practices, leading to improved outcomes and patient satisfaction.

Objectives

This scoping review was done to assess the use of artificial intelligence in various fields of dentistry.

Methods

The electronic databases were searched for scientific research articles in electronic search engines like PubMed, Scopus, Web of science etc. and 87 articles fulfilled the eligibility criteria. Various artificial intelligence, machine learning and deep learning tools and techniques used in various fields of dentistry were studied and their accuracy and precision were noted.

Results

We have various artificial intelligence models being used in various fields of dentistry with high accuracy, sensitivity and specificity.

Conclusion

This data would be helpful for dental practitioners in reducing their workload and improve precision and accuracy in various treatments.

Therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome (t-MDS) is a rare but potentially fatal adverse event caused by chemotherapy or radiotherapy. We report a case of t-MDS diagnosed 8 months after radiotherapy for recurrent carcinoma of the floor of the mouth and cervical lymph node metastases after surgical treatment. A 74-year-old man visited our department with the chief complaint of pain in the lower part of the tongue. Tumor resection and right radical neck dissection (RND) were performed based on the diagnosis of carcinoma of the floor of the mouth (cT1N2bM0). A computed tomography scan at 10 months postoperatively showed metastatic lymph nodes in the left neck, right hyoid bone, right parotid subpolar, and anterior trachea. Therefore, the patient underwent left RND and excision of the right hyoid bone, subpolar right parotid and anterior tracheal metastatic lymph nodes. Postoperative radiation therapy (70 Gy) was administered to the neck bilaterally. An upper gastrointestinal examination revealed a carcinoma in situ in the lower esophagus, and endoscopic submucosal dissection of the esophagus was performed. He had pancytopenia preoperatively, which progressed postoperatively; therefore, a bone marrow examination was performed to rule out a hematological malignancy. Bone marrow smear and flow cytometric analyses indicated the development of t-MDS. He received supportive transfusion therapy but died 8 months after the diagnosis of t-MDS. During post-treatment follow-up, clinicians should be aware of t-MSD, in addition to cancer recurrence and metastasis.

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Conclusion

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc displacement without reduction, often referred to as closed lock, is a debilitating condition characterized by a sudden decrease in mouth opening capacity, accompanied by TMJ pain. Over time, this closed lock can lead to the development of TMJ osteoarthritis (OA). While conservative treatments effectively alleviate TMJ pain and improve jaw function in most patients, they seldom restore normal TMJ structures. In this case report, we present a rare case of a 39-year-old woman who experienced the restoration of a normal disc-condyle-mandibular fossa relationship and the repair of OA changes following self-care for chronic TMJ closed lock with OA. She initially presented with a 7-month history of left TMJ pain and limited mouth opening persisting. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the left TMJ showed anterior disc displacement without reduction and OA changes including erosion, subchondral cyst, and sclerosis of the subchondral bone in the left condyle. Self-care, including parafunction control and stretching exercises, relieved the TMJ pain and increased the range of mouth opening. A follow-up MRI obtained 13 months following the initial MRI revealed a normal disc-condyle-mandibular fossa relationship and repair of the surface erosion with the subchondral cyst. Our clinical findings indicate that although rare, restoration of the normal disc-condyle-mandibular fossa relationship and condylar repair are possible through self-care for chronic closed lock with OA.