Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1177/18344909231190305
Yan Zhang, Junxiu Wang
For three years, COVID-19 has significantly impacted people's need satisfaction worldwide, resulting in changes in compliance with COVID-19 protocols. This study aimed to examine the change in Chinese people's need satisfaction, compliance behaviors, and their relationship and mechanisms during two periods of the pandemic. Two studies were conducted using data from two rounds of a nationwide serial survey—the Chinese Social Mentality Survey (Study 1: March 2020, 8,717 participants; Study 2: April 2022, 6,118 participants). The relationship between need satisfaction and compliance behaviors was analyzed by constructing a multiple mediations model. The model highlights two relationship pathways: one draws from the health belief model and takes an individual perspective, with negative emotions and risk perception as the mediators; the other utilizes social identity theory and takes a social perspective, with social satisfaction and risk perception as the mediators. The results showed that Chinese people's living needs changed over time, from masks to food and medicine supply, and their development needs satisfaction decreased. However, the participants still displayed high compliance toward recommended behaviors and local policies, despite being less compliant with local policies than recommended individual behaviors. In Studies 1 and 2, respectively, negative emotions had a significant indirect effect on non-recommended behaviors and individual behaviors, but an insignificant indirect effect on recommended behaviors and compliance to local policies. The indirect effects of social satisfaction were significantly stronger and positive on all kinds of behaviors in Study 2, which buffered the negative indirect effects of negative emotions and risk perception. Therefore, using exaggeration to trigger negative emotions may be ineffective in promoting behavioral compliance in China. Improving government performance is crucial, especially when a pandemic has lasted for a long time.
{"title":"Need satisfaction and compliance behaviors in two different phases of COVID-19 in China: Multiple mediation of social satisfaction, negative emotions, and risk perception","authors":"Yan Zhang, Junxiu Wang","doi":"10.1177/18344909231190305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/18344909231190305","url":null,"abstract":"For three years, COVID-19 has significantly impacted people's need satisfaction worldwide, resulting in changes in compliance with COVID-19 protocols. This study aimed to examine the change in Chinese people's need satisfaction, compliance behaviors, and their relationship and mechanisms during two periods of the pandemic. Two studies were conducted using data from two rounds of a nationwide serial survey—the Chinese Social Mentality Survey (Study 1: March 2020, 8,717 participants; Study 2: April 2022, 6,118 participants). The relationship between need satisfaction and compliance behaviors was analyzed by constructing a multiple mediations model. The model highlights two relationship pathways: one draws from the health belief model and takes an individual perspective, with negative emotions and risk perception as the mediators; the other utilizes social identity theory and takes a social perspective, with social satisfaction and risk perception as the mediators. The results showed that Chinese people's living needs changed over time, from masks to food and medicine supply, and their development needs satisfaction decreased. However, the participants still displayed high compliance toward recommended behaviors and local policies, despite being less compliant with local policies than recommended individual behaviors. In Studies 1 and 2, respectively, negative emotions had a significant indirect effect on non-recommended behaviors and individual behaviors, but an insignificant indirect effect on recommended behaviors and compliance to local policies. The indirect effects of social satisfaction were significantly stronger and positive on all kinds of behaviors in Study 2, which buffered the negative indirect effects of negative emotions and risk perception. Therefore, using exaggeration to trigger negative emotions may be ineffective in promoting behavioral compliance in China. Improving government performance is crucial, especially when a pandemic has lasted for a long time.","PeriodicalId":45049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41356344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1177/18344909231165187
Yuchang Jin, Qiao Zeng, Xianglong Cong, Junxiu An, Peixuan Zheng
The aim of this article is to explore whether COVID-19 aroused an awareness of death, inflamed death anxiety, and affected mental health and to assess the degree that meaning in life played in the relationship between death anxiety and general mental health. A total of 197 participants were recruited using convenience sampling and were divided into an experimental group ( n = 100) and a control group ( n = 97). All participants completed the Death Anxiety Scale (DA), the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ), and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Death anxiety had a significant positive predictive effect on general mental health and meaning in life. When death anxiety and meaning in life were included in the regression equation, death anxiety still had a significant positive predictive effect on general mental health, and meaning in life had a significant positive predictive effect on general mental health. These results indicated that meaning in life played a partially mediating role in the influence of death anxiety on general mental health. In the COVID-19 context, death information was found to arouse awareness of death and death anxiety, which adversely affected mental health, and it was also confirmed that meaning in life played a partially mediating role between death anxiety and general mental health, which suggested that mental health problems could be alleviated in the future by helping people find meaning and value in their lives and cope more positively with death.
{"title":"Impact of death anxiety on mental health during COVID-19: The mediating role of the meaning in life","authors":"Yuchang Jin, Qiao Zeng, Xianglong Cong, Junxiu An, Peixuan Zheng","doi":"10.1177/18344909231165187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/18344909231165187","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this article is to explore whether COVID-19 aroused an awareness of death, inflamed death anxiety, and affected mental health and to assess the degree that meaning in life played in the relationship between death anxiety and general mental health. A total of 197 participants were recruited using convenience sampling and were divided into an experimental group ( n = 100) and a control group ( n = 97). All participants completed the Death Anxiety Scale (DA), the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ), and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Death anxiety had a significant positive predictive effect on general mental health and meaning in life. When death anxiety and meaning in life were included in the regression equation, death anxiety still had a significant positive predictive effect on general mental health, and meaning in life had a significant positive predictive effect on general mental health. These results indicated that meaning in life played a partially mediating role in the influence of death anxiety on general mental health. In the COVID-19 context, death information was found to arouse awareness of death and death anxiety, which adversely affected mental health, and it was also confirmed that meaning in life played a partially mediating role between death anxiety and general mental health, which suggested that mental health problems could be alleviated in the future by helping people find meaning and value in their lives and cope more positively with death.","PeriodicalId":45049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41454208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1177/18344909221147648
A. D. de Rosa, Emanuele Fino, A. Holman, Bishoy Hanna-Khalil
The current study aimed to explore the public understanding of COVID-19 vaccines and the social representations emerging from a corpus of user-generated comments on YouTube videos posted during the year following the World Health Organization's declaration of the novel coronavirus as pandemic. We used Structural Topic Modelling to process the text and identified a 10-topic solution as the best to represent the corpus of text data. The exploration of the topics showed a complex landscape of social representations underlying a plurality of perspectives, which we interpreted as reflecting different users’ needs to make sense of the unprecedented events. Implications for theory, future research, and intervention for health psychology and policy are discussed.
{"title":"Social representations of COVID-19 vaccines: Exploration of user-generated comments via online video sharing during the first year of the pandemic","authors":"A. D. de Rosa, Emanuele Fino, A. Holman, Bishoy Hanna-Khalil","doi":"10.1177/18344909221147648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/18344909221147648","url":null,"abstract":"The current study aimed to explore the public understanding of COVID-19 vaccines and the social representations emerging from a corpus of user-generated comments on YouTube videos posted during the year following the World Health Organization's declaration of the novel coronavirus as pandemic. We used Structural Topic Modelling to process the text and identified a 10-topic solution as the best to represent the corpus of text data. The exploration of the topics showed a complex landscape of social representations underlying a plurality of perspectives, which we interpreted as reflecting different users’ needs to make sense of the unprecedented events. Implications for theory, future research, and intervention for health psychology and policy are discussed.","PeriodicalId":45049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42315281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1177/18344909231155645
Yuk-Yue Tong, Man Leung Ha, Morgan Ip, H. Chan
Challenges are rigorous opportunities to grow and learn. Yet many students underutilize these opportunities. This study investigated how the growth mindset and priming of a shared-event representation might independently affect students’ tendency to challenge-pursuit. In a school-wide intervention, a long-distance running program (POMA Run) that embodies the concept and shared experiences of “ascend beyond current self” was created. In our study, students were randomly selected, then randomly assigned to one of the two event representation conditions: (1) think about the POMA Run (prime condition) or (2) think about a neutral target (control condition). Afterwards, to measure their willingness to extend one's limit, they were presented with four school-life situations and asked to indicate their intention to engage in activities of varying levels of difficulty described in each situation. Next, they ideographically categorized the activities into those that fell in the comfort zone (within their current capacity), stretch zone (beyond current capacity, challenging but attainable), or panic zone (far beyond current capacity). Challenge-pursuit was defined as the intention to engage in the activities categorized in the stretch zone. In the control condition, students with a stronger (weaker) endorsement of growth mindset reported higher (lower) challenge-pursuit intention. The effect of event representation prime on promoting challenge-pursuit intentions was significant among students with a weaker growth mindset: their challenge-pursuit intention was stronger in the prime condition than the control condition. In contrast, students in the prime condition displayed equally strong challenge-pursuit intention regardless of their level of growth-mindset endorsement. The effectiveness of forming a shared-event representation will be discussed.
{"title":"The role of growth mindset and symbol of shared event representation in the promotion of challenge-pursuit","authors":"Yuk-Yue Tong, Man Leung Ha, Morgan Ip, H. Chan","doi":"10.1177/18344909231155645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/18344909231155645","url":null,"abstract":"Challenges are rigorous opportunities to grow and learn. Yet many students underutilize these opportunities. This study investigated how the growth mindset and priming of a shared-event representation might independently affect students’ tendency to challenge-pursuit. In a school-wide intervention, a long-distance running program (POMA Run) that embodies the concept and shared experiences of “ascend beyond current self” was created. In our study, students were randomly selected, then randomly assigned to one of the two event representation conditions: (1) think about the POMA Run (prime condition) or (2) think about a neutral target (control condition). Afterwards, to measure their willingness to extend one's limit, they were presented with four school-life situations and asked to indicate their intention to engage in activities of varying levels of difficulty described in each situation. Next, they ideographically categorized the activities into those that fell in the comfort zone (within their current capacity), stretch zone (beyond current capacity, challenging but attainable), or panic zone (far beyond current capacity). Challenge-pursuit was defined as the intention to engage in the activities categorized in the stretch zone. In the control condition, students with a stronger (weaker) endorsement of growth mindset reported higher (lower) challenge-pursuit intention. The effect of event representation prime on promoting challenge-pursuit intentions was significant among students with a weaker growth mindset: their challenge-pursuit intention was stronger in the prime condition than the control condition. In contrast, students in the prime condition displayed equally strong challenge-pursuit intention regardless of their level of growth-mindset endorsement. The effectiveness of forming a shared-event representation will be discussed.","PeriodicalId":45049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43929778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1177/18344909231171729
Rebecca Wing-Man Lau, D. Chan, Fan Sun, G. Cheng
The current meta-analysis provides a comprehensive and updated review on integrity-testing findings across industries and countries in the past 50 years (k = 150, N = 67,016). Integrity tests were coded into the types of overt tests, covert tests, biodata, organizational measures, value/moral reasoning/situational judgment tests, integrity-related cognitive ability tests, and novel measures. The criterion measures of workplace deviance included CWBs, unethical pro-organizational behaviors, and other workplace deviant behaviors. For the information source, both computer and manual searches were performed to locate relevant published and unpublished papers. A variety of sources were examined to avoid publication bias, and publication bias analyses were conducted to uphold the methodological rigor. Results indicated that all the integrity tests analyzed were significant in predicting workplace deviance, with an overall mean validity estimate corrected for indirect range restriction and measurement error as .43 (95% CI [.32; .52]; p < .001). Among the tests, the value-oriented tests and cognitive ability tests indicated relatively large validity estimates of .60 (95% CI [.41; .75]; p < .001) and .65 (95% CI [.53; .74]; p < .001), respectively. The relationship between integrity tests and workplace deviance was found to be significantly moderated by the type of integrity test, industry, country, and criterion source. The effect size of integrity tests was largest in predicting deviance in the military and law enforcement sector, and relatively large in the work samples of Canada, Germany, Israel, Romania, and the United States. However, the moderating effects of the nature of deviance, validation sample, validation strategy, publication status, medium of test, and gender, were nonsignificant. Compared with previous reviews, our study was unique in its cross-cultural direction, which included primary studies of integrity testing in countries with different languages (e.g., publications in Chinese) and associated cultural variations. New insights and comparisons with previous meta-analytic findings were discussed.
当前的荟萃分析对过去50年(k = 150, N = 67,016)各个行业和国家的完整性测试结果进行了全面和最新的回顾。诚信测试分为公开测试、隐蔽测试、生物数据测试、组织测试、价值/道德推理/情境判断测试、诚信相关认知能力测试和新测试。工作场所越轨行为的标准测量包括不良行为、不道德的亲组织行为和其他工作场所越轨行为。对于信息源，进行了计算机和人工搜索，以找到相关的已发表和未发表的论文。为了避免发表偏倚，我们检查了各种来源，并进行了发表偏倚分析，以维护方法的严谨性。结果表明，所分析的所有完整性测试在预测工作偏差方面都具有显著性，经间接范围限制和测量误差校正后的总体平均效度估计为0.43 (95% CI [.32;点);p < 0.001)。在测试中，价值导向测试和认知能力测试显示相对较大的效度估计为0.60 (95% CI [.41;综合成绩);p < 0.001)和0.65 (95% CI [.53;.74];P < 0.001)。诚信测试与工作偏差之间的关系被诚信测试类型、行业、国家和标准来源显著调节。诚信测试在预测军事和执法部门的偏差方面的效果最大，在加拿大、德国、以色列、罗马尼亚和美国的工作样本中相对较大。然而，偏差的性质、验证样本、验证策略、发表状态、测试媒介和性别的调节作用不显著。与以前的综述相比，我们的研究在跨文化方向上是独一无二的，其中包括对不同语言(例如中文出版物)和相关文化差异的国家完整性测试的初步研究。讨论了新的见解和与先前元分析结果的比较。
{"title":"Predictive validity of integrity tests for workplace deviance across industries and countries in the past 50 years: A meta-analytic review","authors":"Rebecca Wing-Man Lau, D. Chan, Fan Sun, G. Cheng","doi":"10.1177/18344909231171729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/18344909231171729","url":null,"abstract":"The current meta-analysis provides a comprehensive and updated review on integrity-testing findings across industries and countries in the past 50 years (k = 150, N = 67,016). Integrity tests were coded into the types of overt tests, covert tests, biodata, organizational measures, value/moral reasoning/situational judgment tests, integrity-related cognitive ability tests, and novel measures. The criterion measures of workplace deviance included CWBs, unethical pro-organizational behaviors, and other workplace deviant behaviors. For the information source, both computer and manual searches were performed to locate relevant published and unpublished papers. A variety of sources were examined to avoid publication bias, and publication bias analyses were conducted to uphold the methodological rigor. Results indicated that all the integrity tests analyzed were significant in predicting workplace deviance, with an overall mean validity estimate corrected for indirect range restriction and measurement error as .43 (95% CI [.32; .52]; p < .001). Among the tests, the value-oriented tests and cognitive ability tests indicated relatively large validity estimates of .60 (95% CI [.41; .75]; p < .001) and .65 (95% CI [.53; .74]; p < .001), respectively. The relationship between integrity tests and workplace deviance was found to be significantly moderated by the type of integrity test, industry, country, and criterion source. The effect size of integrity tests was largest in predicting deviance in the military and law enforcement sector, and relatively large in the work samples of Canada, Germany, Israel, Romania, and the United States. However, the moderating effects of the nature of deviance, validation sample, validation strategy, publication status, medium of test, and gender, were nonsignificant. Compared with previous reviews, our study was unique in its cross-cultural direction, which included primary studies of integrity testing in countries with different languages (e.g., publications in Chinese) and associated cultural variations. New insights and comparisons with previous meta-analytic findings were discussed.","PeriodicalId":45049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48298168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1177/18344909231164025
O. Aricak, Hakan Guldal, Irfan Erdogan
The purpose of this study is to discover which noncognitive variables provide more information about reading performance. To answer this question, data mining based on information gain, decision tree and random forest methods were utilized in the study. The participants of the study consisted of 606,627 15-year-old students (49.8% female) in a total of 78 countries or economies, 37 of which are OECD members. Reading performance and plausible values of reading, the Student, ICT Familiarity, Financial Literacy, Educational Career, Well-Being and Parent Questionnaire data in PISA 2018 were analyzed to answer the research questions. When 108 features were analyzed as independent variables, it was found that SES (home possessions, cultural possessions, and ICT resources at home), metacognitive skills (assessing credibility and summarizing), and liking/enjoying reading were major variables predicting reading performance. The path analysis revealed that these variables explain 53.3% of the variability in reading performance. It is also remarkable that the decision tree model has a 74.61% accuracy value in estimating the reading performance.
{"title":"Which noncognitive features provide more information about reading performance? A data-mining approach to big educational data","authors":"O. Aricak, Hakan Guldal, Irfan Erdogan","doi":"10.1177/18344909231164025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/18344909231164025","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to discover which noncognitive variables provide more information about reading performance. To answer this question, data mining based on information gain, decision tree and random forest methods were utilized in the study. The participants of the study consisted of 606,627 15-year-old students (49.8% female) in a total of 78 countries or economies, 37 of which are OECD members. Reading performance and plausible values of reading, the Student, ICT Familiarity, Financial Literacy, Educational Career, Well-Being and Parent Questionnaire data in PISA 2018 were analyzed to answer the research questions. When 108 features were analyzed as independent variables, it was found that SES (home possessions, cultural possessions, and ICT resources at home), metacognitive skills (assessing credibility and summarizing), and liking/enjoying reading were major variables predicting reading performance. The path analysis revealed that these variables explain 53.3% of the variability in reading performance. It is also remarkable that the decision tree model has a 74.61% accuracy value in estimating the reading performance.","PeriodicalId":45049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46889445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1177/18344909221145814
Fengqin Ding, Jing Wu, Y. Zhang
Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) is becoming more and more popular in treating depressive symptoms, but previous studies have come to different conclusions. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of MBSR in alleviating depressive symptoms. A systematic search was conducted across seven electronic databases: Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, the Cochrane Library, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar. Meta-analytic methods were applied by using random-effect models. The quality was assessed with the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Thirty-two randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 37 independent effect sizes were eligible for the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis revealed that MBSR showed significant improvements on depressive symptoms compared to the control group, and the intervention effects were more significant for people with major depression disorder. However, neither cultural background nor sample origin had significant effects on the results of intervention. In addition, there was no publication bias in the meta-analysis, and the sensitivity analysis results indicated that the result was reliable. Findings suggests that MBSR can improve depressive symptoms, and future studies should consider the effects of different levels of depression to improve the intervention benefits of MBSR.
正念减压法(MBSR)在治疗抑郁症状方面越来越受欢迎，但之前的研究得出了不同的结论。本荟萃分析旨在评估正念减压疗法在缓解抑郁症状方面的有效性。系统检索了7个电子数据库:Scopus、Web of Science、Embase、Cochrane Library、PubMed、PsycINFO和谷歌Scholar。采用随机效应模型进行meta分析。使用Cochrane干预措施系统评价手册对质量进行评估。32个随机对照试验(rct)和37个独立效应量符合meta分析。荟萃分析显示，与对照组相比，正念减压疗法对抑郁症状有显著改善，对重度抑郁症患者的干预效果更为显著。然而，文化背景和样本来源对干预结果都没有显著影响。此外，meta分析无发表偏倚，敏感性分析结果表明结果可靠。研究结果表明，正念减压可以改善抑郁症状，未来的研究应考虑不同抑郁程度的影响，以提高正念减压的干预效益。
{"title":"Can mindfulness-based stress reduction relieve depressive symptoms? A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Fengqin Ding, Jing Wu, Y. Zhang","doi":"10.1177/18344909221145814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/18344909221145814","url":null,"abstract":"Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) is becoming more and more popular in treating depressive symptoms, but previous studies have come to different conclusions. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of MBSR in alleviating depressive symptoms. A systematic search was conducted across seven electronic databases: Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, the Cochrane Library, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar. Meta-analytic methods were applied by using random-effect models. The quality was assessed with the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Thirty-two randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 37 independent effect sizes were eligible for the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis revealed that MBSR showed significant improvements on depressive symptoms compared to the control group, and the intervention effects were more significant for people with major depression disorder. However, neither cultural background nor sample origin had significant effects on the results of intervention. In addition, there was no publication bias in the meta-analysis, and the sensitivity analysis results indicated that the result was reliable. Findings suggests that MBSR can improve depressive symptoms, and future studies should consider the effects of different levels of depression to improve the intervention benefits of MBSR.","PeriodicalId":45049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48991643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1177/18344909231208119
Nadyanna M. Majeed, K. T. A. Sandeeshwara Kasturiratna, Ming Yao Li, Jonathan L. Chia, Verity Y. Q. Lua, Andree Hartanto
The COVID-19 pandemic has claimed an extremely high number of lives worldwide, causing widespread panic and stress. The current research examined whether COVID-19 stress was associated with everyday cognitive failures, using data from a seven-day daily diary study of 253 young adults in Singapore. Multilevel modeling revealed that COVID-19 stress was significantly associated with cognitive failures even after adjusting for demographic factors, both at the within-person and between-persons levels. Specifically, individuals experienced more cognitive failures on days they experienced more COVID-19 stress (as compared to their own average levels of COVID-19 stress), and individuals who experienced more COVID-19 stress overall (as compared to individuals who experienced less COVID-19 stress overall) experienced more cognitive failures in general. While a large body of work has evidenced the detrimental effects of COVID-19 stress on individuals’ well-being, the current findings provide novel insights that these stressors may negatively impact individuals’ cognitive functioning as well.
{"title":"COVID-19 stress and cognitive failures in daily life: A multilevel examination of within- and between-persons patterns","authors":"Nadyanna M. Majeed, K. T. A. Sandeeshwara Kasturiratna, Ming Yao Li, Jonathan L. Chia, Verity Y. Q. Lua, Andree Hartanto","doi":"10.1177/18344909231208119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/18344909231208119","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has claimed an extremely high number of lives worldwide, causing widespread panic and stress. The current research examined whether COVID-19 stress was associated with everyday cognitive failures, using data from a seven-day daily diary study of 253 young adults in Singapore. Multilevel modeling revealed that COVID-19 stress was significantly associated with cognitive failures even after adjusting for demographic factors, both at the within-person and between-persons levels. Specifically, individuals experienced more cognitive failures on days they experienced more COVID-19 stress (as compared to their own average levels of COVID-19 stress), and individuals who experienced more COVID-19 stress overall (as compared to individuals who experienced less COVID-19 stress overall) experienced more cognitive failures in general. While a large body of work has evidenced the detrimental effects of COVID-19 stress on individuals’ well-being, the current findings provide novel insights that these stressors may negatively impact individuals’ cognitive functioning as well.","PeriodicalId":45049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135507634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1177/18344909231196269
Hongjuan Ding, Jing Zhao, D. Cai, XiaoChi Zhang, J. Margraf
During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, young adults have experienced many maladaptive symptoms that have consequently affected their mental health. Most studies have examined the risk factors of mental health while ignoring the protective factors. This longitudinal study aims to investigate whether daily stress, depression, anxiety and stress, and positive mental health have a predictive effect on the psychological burden of COVID-19. We conducted three follow-up surveys in 2014 (T1), 2015 (T2), and 2020 (T3) to understand the predictive effect of daily stress and mental health on the psychological burden of COVID-19 on young adults. Data were assessed in 2014 (T1) and 2015 (T2) using the depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS-21), positive mental health scale (PMH), and brief daily stressor screening scale (BDSS), and in 2020 (T3), where we incorporated the psychological burden of COVID-19 to evaluate its psychological burden status on young adults. A total of 556 young adults participated in three surveys. Cross-lagged analysis indicated that (1) daily stress at T1 significantly predicted DASS and PMH at T2, DASS at T2 significantly predicted the psychological burden of COVID-19 at T3, but PMH at T2 could not predict the psychological burden of COVID-19 at T3; (2) PMH at T1 significantly predicted daily stress and DASS at T2, which significantly predicted the psychological burden of COVID-19 at T3. Individuals with low daily stress and depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms can still maintain a low psychological burden during the pandemic.
{"title":"Cross-lagged regression study on daily stress, mental health, and psychological burden among young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Hongjuan Ding, Jing Zhao, D. Cai, XiaoChi Zhang, J. Margraf","doi":"10.1177/18344909231196269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/18344909231196269","url":null,"abstract":"During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, young adults have experienced many maladaptive symptoms that have consequently affected their mental health. Most studies have examined the risk factors of mental health while ignoring the protective factors. This longitudinal study aims to investigate whether daily stress, depression, anxiety and stress, and positive mental health have a predictive effect on the psychological burden of COVID-19. We conducted three follow-up surveys in 2014 (T1), 2015 (T2), and 2020 (T3) to understand the predictive effect of daily stress and mental health on the psychological burden of COVID-19 on young adults. Data were assessed in 2014 (T1) and 2015 (T2) using the depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS-21), positive mental health scale (PMH), and brief daily stressor screening scale (BDSS), and in 2020 (T3), where we incorporated the psychological burden of COVID-19 to evaluate its psychological burden status on young adults. A total of 556 young adults participated in three surveys. Cross-lagged analysis indicated that (1) daily stress at T1 significantly predicted DASS and PMH at T2, DASS at T2 significantly predicted the psychological burden of COVID-19 at T3, but PMH at T2 could not predict the psychological burden of COVID-19 at T3; (2) PMH at T1 significantly predicted daily stress and DASS at T2, which significantly predicted the psychological burden of COVID-19 at T3. Individuals with low daily stress and depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms can still maintain a low psychological burden during the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":45049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41848495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1177/18344909221147782
Tianran Wang, Wei-Fen Chen, Xue Wang, Xiucheng Fan
Contextualizing in the digitalization of personal finance (e.g., mobile banking), the present research explores how financial decisions made on smartphones (vs. laptops or tablets) are more likely to be shortsighted, manifesting in being unwilling to save for retirement, referring to recent information while making financial decisions, and opting for instant but smaller rewards. We trace the effect to smartphones’ affordance of ubiquity, an attribute that allows users to satisfy various needs with considerable flexibility of time and space and prompts users to seek instant gratifications. We also rule out potential alternative factors that might account for this effect, including haptic gratification, direct-touch effect, task difficulty, thinking style, concentration, and the hedonic usage of the devices by users. Furthermore, we demonstrate that prompting users to deliberate on their decisions successfully attenuates the effect. Implications for the development of interventions are discussed.
{"title":"Smartphone use increases the likelihood of making short-sighted financial decisions","authors":"Tianran Wang, Wei-Fen Chen, Xue Wang, Xiucheng Fan","doi":"10.1177/18344909221147782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/18344909221147782","url":null,"abstract":"Contextualizing in the digitalization of personal finance (e.g., mobile banking), the present research explores how financial decisions made on smartphones (vs. laptops or tablets) are more likely to be shortsighted, manifesting in being unwilling to save for retirement, referring to recent information while making financial decisions, and opting for instant but smaller rewards. We trace the effect to smartphones’ affordance of ubiquity, an attribute that allows users to satisfy various needs with considerable flexibility of time and space and prompts users to seek instant gratifications. We also rule out potential alternative factors that might account for this effect, including haptic gratification, direct-touch effect, task difficulty, thinking style, concentration, and the hedonic usage of the devices by users. Furthermore, we demonstrate that prompting users to deliberate on their decisions successfully attenuates the effect. Implications for the development of interventions are discussed.","PeriodicalId":45049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42251101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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