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Low-Skilled Return Migrants as Adult Learners: A Case of Mongolian Migrants Returning From South Korea 低技能归国移民作为成人学习者:以韩国蒙古归国移民为例
IF 1.3 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-04-24 DOI: 10.1177/10451595211007939
Kyoungjin Jang, Battuya Lkhagvadulam, Wonsup Chang
This is an exploratory study on returning migrants as adult learners preparing to return to their home countries. We examined the educational needs and learning experiences of nine Mongolian migrants returning from South Korea who participated in vocational education programs for imminent returnees. Our qualitative analysis found that returning migrants have (a) the need to bring viable skills back to their home countries, (b) the need to learn how to start a business, and (c) the need to prove their experience and skills acquired in South Korea. Participants’ vocational education experiences revealed that current educational practices (a) provide knowledge that is too basic and abstract to meet migrants’ needs, and (b) lack variety to meet individuals’ needs to develop their skills; however, (c) they did enable migrants to share information and ideas about their upcoming return to Mongolia. Based on the findings, we identified key issues that must be considered to support migrants’ sustainable return to their home countries. The study’s limitations and suggestions for future research are provided to support various types of return migrants and their needs.
这是一项关于成年学习者准备回国的归国移民的探索性研究。我们研究了9名从韩国回国的蒙古移民的教育需求和学习经历,他们参加了即将回国的职业教育计划。我们的定性分析发现,回国的移民有(a)需要将可行的技能带回本国,(b)需要学习如何创业,以及(c)需要证明他们在韩国获得的经验和技能。参与者的职业教育经验表明,目前的教育实践(a)提供的知识过于基础和抽象,无法满足移民的需求;(b)缺乏多样性,无法满足个人发展技能的需求;但是,(c)它们确实使移徙者能够分享关于他们即将返回蒙古的信息和想法。根据调查结果,我们确定了支持移民可持续返回原籍国必须考虑的关键问题。本研究的局限性和对未来研究的建议,以支持不同类型的返乡移民及其需求。
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引用次数: 0
Collective Memory Work: A Method for Turning Adult Learners’ Work-Life Experiences Into a Rich Collective Knowledge Resource in Higher Education 集体记忆工作:高等教育将成人学习者的工作-生活经验转化为丰富的集体知识资源的方法
IF 1.3 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-04-17 DOI: 10.1177/10451595211004767
Mette Wichmand, Ditte Kolbaek
The aim of this article is to examine collective memory work (CMW) as a method for turning the work-life experiences of adult learners in a part-time master’s program into a collective knowledge resource, thereby strengthening the interplay between theory and practice in the students’ learning processes. CMW is a well-known qualitative research method, but only a limited amount of research has been done on its use in the context of higher education. This article is based on a case study of five CMW workshops executed between 2015 and 2019 as part of the program ‘Master’s in ICT and Learning’ provided by four collaborating Danish universities. The data consist of an educational design, in-class observations, and 103 memories written by students. This study shows how CMW enables students to share and analyze their work-life experiences as a relevant and rich collective knowledge resource, which allows them to discover shared structures between their work-life experiences and strengthen the interplay between theory and practice in their learning. The conclusion is that even though CMW is not designed to be used in an educational setting, the method can be applied with great results to turn students’ work-life experiences into a collective knowledge resource.
本文旨在探讨集体记忆工作(CMW)作为一种将成人在职硕士课程学习者的工作-生活经验转化为集体知识资源的方法,从而加强学生学习过程中理论与实践的相互作用。CMW是一种众所周知的定性研究方法,但对其在高等教育背景下的应用进行的研究有限。本文基于2015年至2019年期间举办的五个CMW研讨会的案例研究,这些研讨会是由四所丹麦合作大学提供的“信息通信技术与学习硕士”项目的一部分。这些数据包括教育设计、课堂观察和103个学生的记忆。本研究展示了CMW如何让学生分享和分析他们的工作和生活经验,作为一个相关的和丰富的集体知识资源,使他们能够发现他们的工作和生活经验之间的共享结构,加强理论与实践在学习中的相互作用。结论是,尽管CMW不是设计用于教育环境,但该方法可以很好地将学生的工作生活经验转化为集体知识资源。
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引用次数: 0
Culture: The Link to Learning Transfer 文化:与学习迁移的联系
IF 1.3 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-04-15 DOI: 10.1177/10451595211007926
Corinne Brion
Organizations worldwide spend large amounts of money and resources on developing their employees, yet the money invested in professional learning (PL) yields low to moderate results at best. Because culture is a predominant force in people’s life, multinational corporations and other institutions should take culture into account at every stage of the PL process or they will not obtain the desired return on their investments. Despite the numerous studies on learning transfer, practitioners continue to experience challenges when it comes to altering their practices and generate better outcomes. Scholars have not yet fully taken into consideration culture when developing learning transfer models. Although some learning transfer models address transfer climate as an enhancer or a hindrance to learning transfer, none have considered the overall influence of culture on the transfer phenomenon. This article proposes a culturally grounded multidimensional model of learning transfer (MMLT). The MMLT is designed to assist practitioners and PL organizers before, during, and after the PL event. This innovative model aims at enhancing the implementation of new knowledge, skills, or behaviors in the workplace. The MMLT is based on qualitative data collected and analyzed over 6 years in educational institutions in five African nations. The model is relevant to any organizations across sectors whose aspirations are to maximize learning transfer and obtain a return on their investments that would in turn positively affect organizations’ outcomes.
世界各地的组织都花费大量的金钱和资源来培养他们的员工,但是在专业学习(PL)上投入的钱最多只能产生低到中等的结果。由于文化是人们生活中的主导力量,跨国公司和其他机构应该在PL过程的每个阶段都考虑到文化,否则他们的投资将无法获得预期的回报。尽管有大量关于学习迁移的研究,但当涉及到改变他们的实践并产生更好的结果时,从业者仍然面临挑战。学者们在发展学习迁移模型时尚未充分考虑文化因素。虽然一些学习迁移模型将迁移气候视为学习迁移的促进因素或阻碍因素,但没有一个模型考虑文化对迁移现象的整体影响。本文提出了一个基于文化的多维学习迁移模型。MMLT旨在帮助从业者和PL组织者在PL活动之前,期间和之后。这种创新模式旨在加强新知识、技能或行为在工作场所的实施。MMLT是基于6年来在5个非洲国家的教育机构中收集和分析的定性数据。该模型适用于任何跨部门的组织,这些组织的愿望是最大化学习迁移,并获得投资回报,从而对组织的成果产生积极影响。
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引用次数: 14
Aristotle: Mentor for the Soul 亚里士多德:灵魂导师
IF 1.3 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-03-26 DOI: 10.1177/1045159521997589
J. Shaw
Aristotle serves as a valuable, and practical, model for mentors of adult learners. His writings give insight into mentoring even as we practice it today. Although he lived in ancient Greece (c. 384 BCE to 322 BCE) and his audience was aristocratic males, the tenets of his philosophy for adult learning hold true in the present age for learners of any race, class, or gender because they are built on human attributes common to us all. Written from the author’s perspective of more than 15 years of mentoring diverse adult learners, this article distills some principles for mentoring from Aristotle’s work that resonate with current practice: (a) mentor the soul, (b) understand the student’s “puzzle,” (c) trust our senses, and (d) develop excellence. Aristotle ideas give “form” to the task of mentoring, honoring excellence as a virtue to be sought—and achieved—in everyday actions. It is heartening to view the mentoring that we do today as part of a very long and very rich tradition, foundational to Western Civilization.
亚里士多德为成人学习者的导师提供了一个有价值的、实用的模型。他的著作给我们提供了关于指导的深刻见解,即使我们今天也在实践它。虽然他生活在古希腊(公元前384年至公元前322年),他的听众是贵族男性,但他的成人学习哲学原则在当今时代适用于任何种族、阶级或性别的学习者,因为它们是建立在我们所有人共同的人类属性之上的。从作者超过15年的指导不同成人学习者的角度出发,本文从亚里士多德的工作中提炼出一些与当前实践产生共鸣的指导原则:(a)指导灵魂,(b)理解学生的“困惑”,(c)相信我们的感官,(d)培养卓越。亚里士多德的思想为指导任务赋予了“形式”,将卓越作为一种美德,在日常行动中寻求并实现。把我们今天所做的指导看作是一个悠久而丰富的传统的一部分,是西方文明的基础,这是令人振奋的。
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引用次数: 0
A Blueprint of Leadership Development for Female Marriage Migrants: A Pilot Exploration in Taiwan 外来婚姻女性领导力发展蓝图:台湾地区的试点探索
IF 1.3 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-03-18 DOI: 10.1177/1045159520981164
Pi-Chi Han
In 2020, more than 560,617 female marriage migrants (FMMs) live in Taiwan. For over three decades, they have been victims of social, gender, and cultural discrimination and have been considered as an inferior group of “desirable others” from “undeveloped countries.” Until today, literature about FMMs has focused on the problems and challenges they encountered, whereas there is no literature on their leadership development (LD) in Taiwan. By exploring 10 FMM leaders and their LD, this study charts their journey to success. The research has the following aims: (a) to explore life experiences as a pathway to LD, (b) to find an LD blueprint for FMMs, and (c) to bridge the literature gap for FMMs’ LD and provide implications to adult learning (AL) and human resources development (HRD) practitioners in planning and conducting training programs for FMMs’ LD. The theory of transformative learning (TTL) was applied as a theoretical framework whereas the qualitative research design was utilized as the methodology to explore 10 FMM leaders in Taiwan. The LD blueprint was built with seven themes derived from individual interviews and three themes from the focus group discussion. Resilience was found as the salient marker of building a successful mental model in FMMs’ LD. Implications are provided.
2020年,台湾有超过560,617名女性婚姻移民(fmm)。30多年来,她们一直是社会、性别和文化歧视的受害者,被认为是来自“不发达国家”的“理想之人”中的低等群体。直到今天,关于fmm的文献都集中在他们遇到的问题和挑战上,而在台湾没有关于他们的领导力发展(LD)的文献。通过对10位FMM领导者及其LD的研究,本研究描绘了他们的成功之旅。本研究的目的如下:(a)探讨生活经验对FMM职业发展的影响;(b)寻找FMM职业发展的蓝图;(c)填补FMM职业发展的文献空白,并提供成人学习(AL)和人力资源开发(HRD)从业者规划和实施FMM职业发展培训计划的启示。本研究以转型学习理论(TTL)为理论框架,以质性研究设计为方法,对台湾10位FMM领导者进行了研究。发展蓝图的七个主题来自个别访谈,三个主题来自焦点小组讨论。在fmm的LD中,弹性是成功建立心理模型的显著标志。
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引用次数: 1
Career Development of Young Adult North Korean Defectors in South Korea 韩国青年脱北者的职业发展
IF 1.3 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/1045159520973769
Hyewon Park
Young adult North Korean defectors (hereafter, North Korean millennials [NKMs]) are a growing and distinctive group. Even though they constitute the majority of defectors and show different characteristics from previous generations, relatively little attention has been paid to NKMs in both academic and practical areas. Specifically, little is known about how NKMs develop their career paths in South Korea. This study examines the process of NKMs’ career development activities, focusing on their challenges, structural tensions (contradictions) within the activities, and their learning from the process of resolving difficulties under the lens of cultural–historical activity theory (CHAT). This ethnographic study not only broadens understandings about NKMs but also elucidates their career development situation in South Korea. The findings of this study provide meaningful and practical suggestions to create a road map of career development for NKMs and implications for career development of migrants, refugees, and internally displaced persons.
年轻的脱北者(以下简称“北韩千禧一代”)是一个不断壮大的独特群体。尽管他们构成了叛逃者的主体,并表现出与前几代人不同的特征,但在学术和实践领域,对nkm的关注相对较少。具体来说,我们对nkm在韩国的职业发展道路知之甚少。本研究考察了nkm职业发展活动的过程,重点关注他们的挑战,活动中的结构性紧张(矛盾),以及他们在文化历史活动理论(CHAT)的镜头下从解决困难的过程中学习。这项民族志研究不仅拓宽了对nkm的认识,而且阐明了nkm在韩国的职业发展状况。本研究结果为nkm职业发展路线图的制定提供了有意义和实用的建议,并为移民、难民和国内流离失所者的职业发展提供了启示。
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引用次数: 1
Adult Immigrant Journeys: Occupational Downgrading and Continuously Evolving Selves 成人移民之旅:职业降级与自我持续演化
IF 1.3 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/1045159520952562
Jan Adversario
This qualitative phenomenological study examined the occupational downgrading experiences of six adult immigrants. Occupational downgrading happens when an individual’s occupation post immigration does not match his or her education credentials and previous professional experiences. The goal is to make sense of the participants’ narratives through the lens of possible selves theory. Therefore, the research questions guiding this study were (1) How do occupational downgrading experiences of immigrants shape their integration to the U.S. workforce? and (2) How can we make sense of the participants’ narratives through the lens of possible selves theory? Phenomenological interviews served as the main source for data collection. In addition, artifacts allowed the participants to enrich their stories. Themes that emerged from the participants’ occupational downgrading experiences include underemployment, shift in status, language barrier, feeling of discrimination, and lack of inspiration at the new job. Looking at past, present, and future selves, the participants’ narratives were examined first through identity transition processes: separation, transition, and reincorporation. The study adds to a developing body of literature focusing on the possible selves of adult immigrants experiencing occupational downgrading. In particular, they inform who is participating in adult education. Likewise, this study centralizes the immigrant as participant to adult learning; it provides new narratives of adults in transition.
本定性现象学研究考察了六名成年移民的职业降级经历。当一个人移民后的职业与他或她的教育证书和以前的专业经验不匹配时,就会发生职业降级。目标是通过可能自我理论的视角来理解参与者的叙述。因此,指导本研究的研究问题是:(1)移民的职业降级经历如何影响他们融入美国劳动力市场?(2)我们如何通过可能自我理论来理解参与者的叙述?现象学访谈是数据收集的主要来源。此外,文物让参与者丰富了他们的故事。从参与者的职业降级经历中出现的主题包括就业不足,地位变化,语言障碍,歧视感以及对新工作缺乏灵感。回顾过去、现在和未来的自我,参与者的叙述首先通过身份转换过程进行检查:分离、过渡和重新整合。这项研究为关注成年移民经历职业降级的可能自我的文献体系增添了新的内容。特别是,他们告知谁在参加成人教育。同样,本研究将移民作为成人学习的参与者;它为转型中的成年人提供了新的叙事。
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引用次数: 4
Migrants and the Labor Market: The Role and Tasks of Adult Education 移民与劳动力市场:成人教育的角色与任务
IF 1.3 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/1045159520977713
Tetyana Kloubert, Chad Hoggan
The process of migration to a new country brings with it a host of challenges, and therefore also learning needs. Some countries have systems in place to facilitate the transition of migrants into society, often including adult education programs. Those programs, however, cannot be effective if blithely designed in ignorance of the interrelationship between established systems for facilitating integration and the experiences of migrants during the integration process. Focusing on the transition into the labor market and drawing on the expertise of adult educators who work in these systems in Germany, this article explores several stumbling blocks that make a successful integration for migrants more difficult and describes three strategies to address them: challenging the logic of the labor market, dealing with failure, and acknowledging multiple forms of discrimination. The analysis of Germany can provide insights that are useful in other national contexts.
移民到一个新国家的过程会带来许多挑战,因此也需要学习。一些国家有促进移民向社会过渡的制度,通常包括成人教育方案。然而,如果轻率地设计这些方案,而忽视了促进融合的既定制度与移民在融合过程中的经历之间的相互关系,这些方案就不会有效。本文着眼于向劳动力市场的过渡,并借鉴了在德国这些系统中工作的成人教育工作者的专业知识,探讨了使移民成功融入更加困难的几个绊脚石,并描述了解决这些问题的三种策略:挑战劳动力市场的逻辑,处理失败,以及承认多种形式的歧视。对德国的分析可以为其他国家提供有用的见解。
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引用次数: 2
The Challenges of Immigration and Implications for Adult Education Practice 移民的挑战及其对成人教育实践的影响
IF 1.3 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/1045159520985085
Lilian H. Hill, Davin J. Carr-Chellman, Carol Rogers-Shaw
"Adult education assists immigrants in learning about and adjusting to a new culture, facing the difficulties of learning a new language, securing housing, and gaining employment " This special issue addresses national and international immigration and implications for adult education practice Adult education will continue its historical commitment to immigrants, refugees, and asylum seekers and provision of citizenship education [Extracted from the article] Copyright of Adult Learning is the property of Sage Publications Inc and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use This abstract may be abridged No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract (Copyright applies to all Abstracts )
“成人教育帮助移民学习和适应新文化,面对学习新语言的困难,获得住房和就业”这一期特刊讨论了国内和国际移民及其对成人教育实践的影响。成人教育将继续其对移民,难民,成人学习的版权属于Sage Publications Inc .所有,未经版权所有者明确书面许可,不得将其内容复制或通过电子邮件发送到多个网站或发布到listserv。但用户可以打印、下载、本摘要可能被删节,不保证副本的准确性,用户应参考材料的原始出版版本(版权适用于所有摘要)
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引用次数: 1
Narrating the Immigrant Experience: Three Adult Educators’ Perspectives 叙述移民经历:三个成人教育工作者的视角
IF 1.3 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/1045159520977708
Edith Gnanadass, Kayon Murray-Johnson, María Alicia Vetter
In this collaborative autoethnography, three immigrant adult education scholars examine diverse ways in which their experiences with racialization as immigrants in the United States have informed their scholarship and practice. The three authors originate from different parts of the world and use different theoretical frameworks—critical literary studies; critical theory; and postcolonial and Critical Race Theory, respectively—to complicate the immigrant Self and story. They argue that the use of autoethnography in adult education has the potential to illuminate issues of class, race, gender, and nationality to disrupt the typical immigrant narrative and allow for the advent of new immigrant stories and Subjects. Each narrative is unique; however, they do share the following commonalities: Critique of the postcolonial condition and the colonization of the Subject and culture; complicating the Black–White binary paradigm of race; centering anti-racist praxis; and suggestions for decolonizing the Self and adult education. The authors engage in this anti-racist work in solidarity with the Black Lives Matter movement, in an effort to dismantle systemic inequities and give voice to the subaltern. Patterns arising from their examination of these issues reveal new questions adult educators could consider as we teach, learn with, and from immigrant adult learners, whose cultural-historical contexts remain multi-layered and complex, rather than linear.
在这个合作的自我民族志中,三位移民成人教育学者考察了他们作为美国移民的种族化经历对他们的学术和实践的不同影响。三位作者来自世界不同的地区,运用了不同的理论框架——批评文学研究;批判理论;以及后殖民和批判种族理论——使移民的自我和故事复杂化。他们认为,在成人教育中使用自我民族志有可能阐明阶级、种族、性别和国籍等问题,从而打破典型的移民叙事,并允许新移民故事和主题的出现。每个叙述都是独一无二的;然而,他们确实有以下共同点:对后殖民状态的批判以及主体和文化的殖民化;使黑人-白人二元种族范式复杂化;聚焦反种族主义实践;自我去殖民化与成人教育的建议。作者参与这项反种族主义的工作是为了与“黑人的命也是命”运动团结一致,努力消除系统性的不平等,让底层人民发出自己的声音。从他们对这些问题的研究中产生的模式揭示了成人教育者可以在我们与移民成人学习者一起教学、学习或从移民成人学习者那里学习时考虑的新问题,这些移民成人学习者的文化历史背景仍然是多层次和复杂的,而不是线性的。
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引用次数: 0
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Adult Learning
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