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Training University Students About Autism Spectrum Disorder Through Outreach to School-Based Speech-Language Pathologists 通过校外语言病理学家培训大学生自闭症谱系障碍
IF 0.5 Q4 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.30707/TLCSD4.1/ZNRR1070
Joann P. Benigno, John W. Mccarthy, S. Taylor, H. Hamm, Bridget Wright
Training preprofessional students about autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is crucial, particularly since students with ASD are represented on the caseloads of approximately 90% of school-based speech-language pathologists (SLPs). When this training can occur within the context of an outreach program, the results of such programming can be mutually beneficial for the individuals served as well as the students. Through the present program, six graduate students and four undergraduate students created materials for 15 SLPs working in the schools in a significantly underserved region of the United States. Students created nearly 800 materials for the SLPs to use in therapy with children with ASD. These included visual schedules and picture/icon cards and social stories. Students completed a survey and wrote a reflection paper about what they learned. Survey data from all participants indicated that the program met the needs of the SLPs and furthered students’ skills in creating materials and understanding more about the demands of working as an SLP in the schools. Implications for undergraduate and graduate training including increasing student knowledge and confidence as well as gaining student perspectives on the experience and collaboration are discussed. Future directions for extensions of this training program are proposed.
对专业前学生进行自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)的培训是至关重要的,特别是因为大约90%的学校语言病理学家(slp)的病例中都有ASD学生。当这种培训可以在外展计划的背景下进行时,这种计划的结果对个人和学生都是互利的。通过目前的项目,6名研究生和4名本科生为在美国服务严重不足地区的学校工作的15名slp编写了材料。学生们为slp制作了近800份材料,用于治疗自闭症儿童。这些包括视觉时间表、图片/图标卡和社会故事。学生们完成了一项调查,并就他们所学到的内容写了一篇反思论文。所有参与者的调查数据表明,该项目满足了特殊语言教师的需求,提高了学生创作材料的技能,并进一步了解了在学校担任特殊语言教师的需求。讨论了对本科生和研究生培训的影响,包括增加学生的知识和信心,以及获得学生对经验和合作的看法。提出了该培训计划的未来扩展方向。
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引用次数: 0
Assessing Outcomes of Simulation in Communication Sciences and Disorders 评估通信科学和障碍模拟的结果
IF 0.5 Q4 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.30707/TLCSD4.3/GZQR2615
Erin S Clinard
Assessment is an ongoing process that is necessary at every stage of designing, implementing, and evaluating simulation-based learning experiences (SBLEs). Designing and aligning a high-quality assessment process provides instructors and researchers with valuable data to understand if students have met the desired simulation learning objectives, where students are in their learning, and opportunities to enhance the SBLE. This reflection discusses the importance of assessing student learning outcomes as well as the effectiveness of all simulation-based learning experiences (SBLEs) in communication sciences and disorders (CSD). While the benefits and effectiveness of simulation have been demonstrated in other health professions, simulation research is in its beginning in CSD. Building the evidence to inform systematic integration of simulation into CSD curricula and to further best practices in our field is essential. Further, to advance the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning (SoTL) in simulation, researchers and instructors must disseminate their findings, measures and tools, assessment processes, and even simulation scenarios. Dissemination serves to enhance evidence-based education practices and further validate the assessment processes we are using to ensure quality simulation.
评估是一个持续的过程,在设计、实施和评估基于模拟的学习体验(SBLEs)的每个阶段都是必要的。设计和调整一个高质量的评估过程为教师和研究人员提供了有价值的数据,以了解学生是否达到了期望的模拟学习目标,学生在学习中的位置,以及提高SBLE的机会。本反思讨论了评估学生学习成果的重要性,以及所有基于模拟的学习经验(SBLEs)在沟通科学和障碍(CSD)中的有效性。虽然模拟的好处和有效性已在其他卫生专业得到证明,但模拟研究在CSD中才刚刚起步。建立证据以告知系统地将模拟整合到CSD课程中,并进一步促进我们领域的最佳实践是至关重要的。此外,为了推进模拟教学学术(SoTL),研究人员和教师必须传播他们的发现、测量和工具、评估过程,甚至模拟场景。传播有助于加强循证教育实践,并进一步验证我们用于确保高质量模拟的评估过程。
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引用次数: 1
Developing an Acute Care Simulation Lab and Practicum 发展急症护理模拟实验室及实习
IF 0.5 Q4 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.30707/TLCSD4.3/FXAP4522
E. Clark, Lori Lombard
The benefits of simulation-based education have been well-documented in health-related disciplines and are emerging in speech-language pathology. Several clinical training paradigms for acute care speech-language pathology skills have been successful when implemented in high fidelity, nursing simulation labs with price tags that are cost prohibitive for most speech-language pathology programs. Through funding support from a grant and a four-phased simulation development program, the authors developed an acute care simulation lab dedicated to speech-language pathology students for under $9,000 and simultaneously piloted a one-credit, acute care, adult- and geriatric-focused clinical practicum course. The clinical practicum was structured to scaffold student learning using task trainers, computer-based simulations, and live simulations with low fidelity manikins and standardized patients. The authors are hopeful that this article provides speech-language pathology programs a practical framework for structuring a dedicated, simulation space and course, while empowering faculty to more fully integrate simulation-based learning experiences into their curricula in a way that is evidence-based and in keeping with the best practice resources that are currently available in the field of speech-language pathology.
基于模拟的教育的好处已经在健康相关学科中得到了充分的证明,并且正在语言病理学中出现。在高保真度的护理模拟实验室中实施的急性护理语言病理学技能的几个临床培训范例已经取得了成功,这些实验室的价格标签对于大多数语言病理学项目来说都是昂贵的。通过一项拨款和四阶段模拟开发计划的资助,作者开发了一个专门针对语言病理学学生的急性护理模拟实验室,花费不到9000美元,同时试点了一个一学分的急性护理、成人和老年临床实习课程。临床实习的结构是通过任务训练器、基于计算机的模拟、低保真模型和标准化患者的实时模拟来支撑学生的学习。作者希望这篇文章能够为语言病理学课程提供一个实用的框架,以构建一个专门的模拟空间和课程,同时使教师能够更充分地将基于模拟的学习经验整合到他们的课程中,以一种基于证据的方式,并与语言病理学领域目前可用的最佳实践资源保持一致。
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引用次数: 0
Clinical Reasoning Skills in AAC Intervention Planning: Investigating the Expert-Novice Gap 临床推理能力在AAC干预计划中的作用:专家-新手差距的调查
IF 0.5 Q4 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.30707/TLCSD4.2/XNDO8764
Allison M. Sauerwein, Jane R. Wegner
Clinical reasoning skills underlie the decisions speech-language pathologists (SLPs) make during practice. Although clinical reasoning is included in speech-language pathology accreditation standards in the United States, there is limited research on preservice SLPs’ development or use of clinical reasoning skills. Because clinical reasoning skills specific to augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) service provision have not been identified or reported in depth, this qualitative study focused on two cases of children with developmental disabilities who used AAC systems. Eight novice (i.e. preservice) SLPs and eight expert SLPs completed think-aloud tasks while they developed intervention plans, which made their clinical reasoning skills observable. Responses were transcribed for qualitative analysis. Six clinical reasoning skills were identified: summarizing, interpreting, hypothesizing, rationalizing, comparing and deferring. Expert and novices used four of these clinical reasoning skills similarly; however, there were differences among the remaining two skills. Novices deferred more frequently during the tasks and were limited in their ability to make comparisons to the fictional cases as compared to the experts. The expert-novice gap in clinical reasoning presents implications for teaching preservice SLPs in the classroom and the clinic.
临床推理技能是语言病理学家(slp)在实践中做出决定的基础。虽然临床推理被包括在美国的语言病理学认证标准中,但对在职slp发展或使用临床推理技能的研究有限。由于辅助和替代沟通(AAC)服务提供的临床推理技能尚未被确定或深入报道,因此本定性研究侧重于两个使用AAC系统的发育障碍儿童。8名初级(即职前)slp和8名专家级slp在制定干预计划的同时完成了有声思考任务,临床推理能力显著提高。将应答记录下来进行定性分析。六种临床推理技能:总结、解释、假设、合理化、比较和推迟。专家和新手使用其中四种临床推理技能的方式相似;然而,其余两种技能之间存在差异。与专家相比,新手在任务中更频繁地拖延,并且在与虚构案例进行比较的能力上受到限制。临床推理的专家-新手差距提出了在课堂和临床教学职前slp的影响。
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引用次数: 2
Guided Online Case Scenarios Support Development of Clinical Decision-Making Skills in Speech-Language Pathology Master’s Students 指导在线案例场景支持语言病理学硕士生临床决策技能的发展
IF 0.5 Q4 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.30707/TLCSD4.2/ZHVO5761
Krystal L. Werfel, Gabriella Reynolds
Flipped classrooms are increasingly recommended by scholars of teaching and learning, and some have argued that active learning is the key ingredient in this model’s success. This paper describes the creation and implementation of online guided case study scenarios using the test function of a learning management system, as well as evaluation of their effectiveness based on (a) performance of students on separate graded case study assignments and (b) student self-reflection of learning and feedback elicited in an end-of-course survey. The case studies were developed for use in a master’s level speech-language pathology course on aural rehabilitation that occurs during the summer semester.
教学学者越来越多地推荐翻转课堂,一些人认为主动学习是这种模式成功的关键因素。本文描述了使用学习管理系统的测试功能创建和实施在线指导案例研究场景,以及基于(a)学生在单独分级案例研究作业中的表现和(b)学生对学习的自我反思和在课程结束调查中获得的反馈来评估其有效性。这些案例研究是为夏季学期的听觉康复硕士语言病理学课程而开发的。
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引用次数: 0
Using Think-Alouds to Uncover Expert-Novice Gaps in AAC Intervention Planning Skills 用大声思考来发现专家和新手在AAC干预计划技能上的差距
IF 0.5 Q4 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.30707/TLCSD4.2/CQJO9452
Allison M. Sauerwein, Jane R. Wegner
Because few studies have explored preservice speech-language pathologists’ (SLP’s) learning outcomes in augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) coursework and clinical practica, there is a need to investigate student learning in this area. This article represents a portion of a larger study that explored the expert-novice gap in planning for intervention with children who use AAC. The companion article reports clinical reasoning skills, whereas the present study revealed intervention planning skills. The methods are the consistent with those reported in the companion article. In summary, eight novice (i.e. preservice) SLPs and eight expert SLPs completed think-aloud tasks while they developed intervention plans. Verbal data were transcribed and analyzed qualitatively. Eight intervention planning skills emerged from the data: selecting treatment style, planning activities, selecting or developing materials, planning teaching strategies, selecting targets, goal setting, collecting data, and feature matching. Considerable overlap across expert and novice performance was observed in some areas, while minor differences were noted in other skills. Expert-novice gaps were identified in two areas, developing a treatment style and feature matching. Familiarity with expert-novice gaps in intervention planning has implications for preservice instruction in AAC.
由于很少有研究探讨了职前语言病理学家(SLP)在增强和替代交流(AAC)课程和临床实践中的学习成果,因此有必要调查学生在这一领域的学习情况。本文是一项大型研究的一部分,该研究探讨了使用AAC的儿童在计划干预方面的专家-新手差距。配套文章报道了临床推理技能,而本研究揭示了干预计划技能。方法与配套文章中报道的方法一致。综上所述,8名新手(即职前)和8名专家在制定干预计划的同时完成了有声思维任务。口头资料进行转录和定性分析。从数据中产生了八项干预计划技能:选择治疗方式、计划活动、选择或开发材料、计划教学策略、选择目标、设定目标、收集数据、特征匹配。专家和新手在某些领域的表现有相当大的重叠,而在其他技能方面则有细微的差异。专家与新手之间的差距在两个方面得到了识别,即开发治疗方式和特征匹配。熟悉干预计划的专家-新手差距对AAC的职前指导有影响。
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引用次数: 1
Anatomy Word-Learning in Undergraduate Speech-Language Pathology Students 语言病理学本科学生的解剖学词汇学习
IF 0.5 Q4 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.30707/TLCSD4.1/KQZG7225
Janie L. Kullmar, K. G. Blankenship
This study compared the effectiveness of a vocabulary list (i.e., explicit environment) to a textbook passage (i.e, authentic environment) for the initial exposure of domain-specific vocabulary from an anatomy textbook. Forty-two undergraduate Speech-Language Pathology students participated. The study's materials are from Anatomy and Physiology for Speech Language and Hearing, fifth edition (Seikel et al., 2016). The selection is a subtopic on the topic of the anatomy of the cerebrum. Twenty-five vocabulary words within this section are bolded by the textbook to emphasize their importance. These words were targeted in the two different conditions, authentic (textbook) and explicit (vocabulary list). The gain scores from pretest to posttest between groups (i.e., authentic vs. explicit) were similar, and this was true of students with both high and low reading abilities, as measured by the reading score from the American College Testing (ACT). Student performance was highly variable, and many students performed poorly regardless of condition. The results of the study revealed no significant differences between participants who were in conditions that received vocabulary words within the context of a textbook or isolated in a list. This poor performance may be related to research design or student reading habits in general.
本研究比较了词汇表(即显性环境)和教科书段落(即真实环境)对解剖学教科书中特定领域词汇的初次接触的有效性。42名言语语言病理学专业的本科生参与了研究。本研究的材料来自《语音语言与听力解剖学与生理学》第五版(Seikel et al., 2016)。这篇选集是大脑解剖专题的一个子专题。这一部分的25个词汇被教科书标注出来,以强调它们的重要性。这些词汇是在两种不同的条件下,真实的(教科书)和明确的(词汇表)。根据美国大学考试(ACT)的阅读分数,两组之间从前测到后测的增益分数(即真实与外显)是相似的,对于阅读能力高和低的学生来说都是如此。学生的表现变化很大,许多学生无论在什么条件下都表现得很差。研究结果显示,两组被试接受的词汇没有显著差异,一组被试接受的词汇是课本上的,另一组被试接受的词汇是孤立的。这种糟糕的表现可能与研究设计或学生的阅读习惯有关。
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引用次数: 0
Communication Sciences and Disorders Faculty Perceptions of Interprofessional Education 传播科学与疾病系跨专业教育的教师观念
IF 0.5 Q4 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.30707/TLCSD4.2/MCHF8614
Janine L Schmedding-Bartley, C. Karasinski
Engagement in interprofessional collaborative practice is critical for communication disorders professionals to provide quality clinical services. Given limited research on implementation of interprofessional education (IPE) within communication disorders pre-professional training programs and research highlighting potential barriers to implementation of IPE, this investigation assessed communication sciences and disorders (CSD) faculty attitudes toward IPE. One hundred fifty-eight CSD faculty from accredited CSD graduate programs completed the Interprofessional Attitudes Scale (Norris, Carpenter, Eaton, Guo, Lassche, Pett, & Blumenthal, 2016). Collectively, the faculty supported CSD students learning from and with students from different disciplines and endorsed IPE as beneficial. Faculty with master’s degrees were more likely to believe that IPE would increase student’s effectiveness as clinical care team members, whereas more faculty with research doctorates indicated that biases toward other professionals could get in the way of providing intervention. Compared to faculty in colleges other than health sciences, faculty in colleges of health sciences reported experiencing more bias toward and from professionals of other disciplines. Despite group differences, a majority of CSD faculty overwhelmingly favored IPE for students suggesting that the attitudes of CSD faculty toward IPE may not be a barrier to implementation of IPE within pre-professional training programs.
参与跨专业合作实践对于沟通障碍专业人员提供高质量的临床服务至关重要。鉴于在沟通障碍职前培训项目中实施跨专业教育(IPE)的研究有限,以及强调实施IPE的潜在障碍的研究,本调查评估了沟通科学与障碍(CSD)教师对IPE的态度。来自CSD认证研究生项目的158名CSD教师完成了跨专业态度量表(Norris, Carpenter, Eaton, Guo, Lassche, Pett, & Blumenthal, 2016)。全体教职员工支持CSD学生向不同学科的学生学习,并与不同学科的学生一起学习,并认可IPE是有益的。拥有硕士学位的教师更倾向于相信IPE会提高学生作为临床护理团队成员的有效性,而更多拥有研究博士学位的教师则表明,对其他专业人士的偏见可能会妨碍提供干预。与非健康科学学院的教师相比,健康科学学院的教师报告说,他们对其他学科的专业人员和来自其他学科的专业人员有更多的偏见。尽管存在群体差异,但绝大多数CSD教师都倾向于为学生提供IPE,这表明CSD教师对IPE的态度可能不会成为在职业前培训项目中实施IPE的障碍。
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引用次数: 1
Association between Pragmatic Language Competence and Emotional/Behavioral Outcomes of 3rd Graders in Elementary School 小学三年级学生语用能力与情绪/行为结果的关系
IF 0.5 Q4 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY Pub Date : 2019-12-31 DOI: 10.12963/csd.19671
Eun-Ju Lee, S. Oh
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Copyright © 2019 Korean Academy of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology Association between Pragmatic Language Competence and Emotional/Behavioral Outcomes of 3rd Graders in Elementary School
这是一篇在知识共享署名非商业许可(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0)条款下发布的开放获取文章,该许可允许在任何媒体上不受限制的非商业使用、分发和复制,前提是正确引用原创作品。版权所有©2019韩国语言病理学与听力学研究院小学三年级学生语用能力与情绪/行为结果的关系
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引用次数: 2
언어 친숙성 가설과 지연청각역입: 칸나다어(L1)-영어(L2) 이중언어사용 일반아동의 구어붕괴 语言熟悉性假设与延时听觉逆入:坎纳达语(L1)-英语(L2)双语儿童口语的崩溃
IF 0.5 Q4 AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY Pub Date : 2019-03-31 DOI: 10.12963/CSD.18572
Bannuru Venkatanarayana Manjunatha Mahesh, Kempanapura Siddaraju Apoorva Prathibha, Srikantaswamy Vijayeshwari, Nanjundaswamy Kajol
배경 및 목적: 본 연구는 칸나다어(Kannada, L1)-영어(L2) 이중언어 아동에게서 나타나는 구어붕괴에 대해 언어친숙성 가설이 미치는 영향을 지연청각역입기(delayed auditory feedback, DAF)를 이용하여 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 14명의 참여자를 L2 숙달도에 따라 숙달도가 높은 군과 낮은 군으로 나누었다(각 7명씩). 150...
背景及目的:本研究试图利用延时听觉反穿(delayed auditory feedback, DAF)来了解语言熟悉性假设对双语儿童口语崩溃的影响。方法:根据L2熟练度,将14名参与者分为熟练度高的群和低的群(各7名)。150 . .。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Communication Sciences and Disorders-CSD
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