Pub Date : 2023-10-30DOI: 10.1177/14780771231209458
Dongyun Kim
This article explores the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on the architectural discipline, focusing on generative models and their controllability. While generative models have revolutionized the design process by freeing designers from specific tasks and allowing them to focus on desired results, the reliance on randomness frequently hinders controllability and meaningful experimentation. To address this challenge, the article proposes the construction of an encyclopedic architectural dataset, encompassing various architectural projects and combining images with text for multimodal applications and two methodologies, multi-class StyleGAN and multimodal StyleGAN+CLIP to enhance controllability. Utilizing specific conditions, multi-class StyleGAN enables designers to navigate latent space and identify hidden patterns, while StyleGAN+CLIP integrates text to achieve specific controllability and generate diverse architectural features. Through experimentation, the research showcases the potential of generative models to create structured designs that incorporate existing architectural styles.
{"title":"Latent morphologies: Encoding architectural features and decoding their structure through artificial intelligence","authors":"Dongyun Kim","doi":"10.1177/14780771231209458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14780771231209458","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on the architectural discipline, focusing on generative models and their controllability. While generative models have revolutionized the design process by freeing designers from specific tasks and allowing them to focus on desired results, the reliance on randomness frequently hinders controllability and meaningful experimentation. To address this challenge, the article proposes the construction of an encyclopedic architectural dataset, encompassing various architectural projects and combining images with text for multimodal applications and two methodologies, multi-class StyleGAN and multimodal StyleGAN+CLIP to enhance controllability. Utilizing specific conditions, multi-class StyleGAN enables designers to navigate latent space and identify hidden patterns, while StyleGAN+CLIP integrates text to achieve specific controllability and generate diverse architectural features. Through experimentation, the research showcases the potential of generative models to create structured designs that incorporate existing architectural styles.","PeriodicalId":45139,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Architectural Computing","volume":"178 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136103940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-05DOI: 10.1177/14780771231205001
Cristiane Bueno, Lucas Melchiori Pereira, Marcio Minto Fabricio
The objective of this article is to develop an agile application based on BIM for the integration of Target Value Design into the design process, in order to offer a resource to support decision-making process from the early design stages. The research applies the operational research method by the methodological steps: (a) Identify input data sources and develop the input setup; (b) Develop BIM-based cost estimation of visual programming and apply program in one case; (c) Discussion of the potentialities and challenges of the proposed approach to outline the research findings. A direct link between cost estimation and BIM objects was created to promote Target Value Design in the design process through visual programming. The necessary agility was obtained through semi-automation of the process of incorporating the cost data within the parametric modelling family and extracting cost estimate totals from the model to a pre-defined spreadsheet, allowing the continuous updating of models.
{"title":"Early design BIM-based Target Value Design for public facilities: An application to a healthcare facility case","authors":"Cristiane Bueno, Lucas Melchiori Pereira, Marcio Minto Fabricio","doi":"10.1177/14780771231205001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14780771231205001","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this article is to develop an agile application based on BIM for the integration of Target Value Design into the design process, in order to offer a resource to support decision-making process from the early design stages. The research applies the operational research method by the methodological steps: (a) Identify input data sources and develop the input setup; (b) Develop BIM-based cost estimation of visual programming and apply program in one case; (c) Discussion of the potentialities and challenges of the proposed approach to outline the research findings. A direct link between cost estimation and BIM objects was created to promote Target Value Design in the design process through visual programming. The necessary agility was obtained through semi-automation of the process of incorporating the cost data within the parametric modelling family and extracting cost estimate totals from the model to a pre-defined spreadsheet, allowing the continuous updating of models.","PeriodicalId":45139,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Architectural Computing","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134973944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-22DOI: 10.1177/14780771231203358
Ghazal Refalian, Eloi Coloma, Joaquim Narcis Moya
This paper presents a morphological study of Islamic geometric patterns (IGP) and their role in application of formal grammar in computational modeling of IGPs. Through a comprehensive literature review and data collection, we analyze the morphological properties of these patterns using techniques such as geometric transformations, pattern classification, and symmetry analysis. Based on our findings, we explore how these properties can be used in constructing a formal grammar through string rewriting system for a CAD application. Building on a study on the potential of a string rewriting system for modeling IGPs, the current research suggests an update to the previous system and introduces a new morphological structure for IGPs. The new method has an expanded sample set and is tested on a class of 5-fold star patterns with 12 members and demonstrates successful development. The results are implemented in a Grasshopper add-on, providing a flexible platform to generate the patterns through strings and to control their parameters. This tool opens up new possibilities to bridge traditional patterns with contemporary technologies and make them more accessible. Furthermore, it contributes to the preservation of IGPs as a significant cultural and architectural heritage, while also advancing the evolution of these patterns to a new and contemporary generation.
{"title":"A morphological study of fivefold Islamic geometric patterns using formal grammar for computer-aided design applications","authors":"Ghazal Refalian, Eloi Coloma, Joaquim Narcis Moya","doi":"10.1177/14780771231203358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14780771231203358","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a morphological study of Islamic geometric patterns (IGP) and their role in application of formal grammar in computational modeling of IGPs. Through a comprehensive literature review and data collection, we analyze the morphological properties of these patterns using techniques such as geometric transformations, pattern classification, and symmetry analysis. Based on our findings, we explore how these properties can be used in constructing a formal grammar through string rewriting system for a CAD application. Building on a study on the potential of a string rewriting system for modeling IGPs, the current research suggests an update to the previous system and introduces a new morphological structure for IGPs. The new method has an expanded sample set and is tested on a class of 5-fold star patterns with 12 members and demonstrates successful development. The results are implemented in a Grasshopper add-on, providing a flexible platform to generate the patterns through strings and to control their parameters. This tool opens up new possibilities to bridge traditional patterns with contemporary technologies and make them more accessible. Furthermore, it contributes to the preservation of IGPs as a significant cultural and architectural heritage, while also advancing the evolution of these patterns to a new and contemporary generation.","PeriodicalId":45139,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Architectural Computing","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136015040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-12DOI: 10.1177/14780771231197790
Louise Deprez, Ruben Verstraeten, Pieter Pauwels
Building, demolishing, and rebuilding new structures, instead of renovating vacant buildings for adaptive reuse, generates a significant amount of waste. Quickly assessing if and how a building can house a new function can be time-consuming. We developed a method that automates this process using a graph-based strategy in which both the building and the functional program are represented by attributed graphs. Specifically, the new method performs a node matching strategy based on the properties of the nodes and the topological structure of the graphs by which each empty room is filled with an activity of the new function.
{"title":"Reconversion of a building to a new functional program using graph matching","authors":"Louise Deprez, Ruben Verstraeten, Pieter Pauwels","doi":"10.1177/14780771231197790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14780771231197790","url":null,"abstract":"Building, demolishing, and rebuilding new structures, instead of renovating vacant buildings for adaptive reuse, generates a significant amount of waste. Quickly assessing if and how a building can house a new function can be time-consuming. We developed a method that automates this process using a graph-based strategy in which both the building and the functional program are represented by attributed graphs. Specifically, the new method performs a node matching strategy based on the properties of the nodes and the topological structure of the graphs by which each empty room is filled with an activity of the new function.","PeriodicalId":45139,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Architectural Computing","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135878100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-29DOI: 10.1177/14780771231196965
J. Ameijde
building
建筑
{"title":"‘Post-carbon’: Research for more sustainable built environments","authors":"J. Ameijde","doi":"10.1177/14780771231196965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14780771231196965","url":null,"abstract":"building","PeriodicalId":45139,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Architectural Computing","volume":"21 1","pages":"383 - 387"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48499945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-24DOI: 10.1177/14780771231178887
Qing Yang, Chufan Cao, Hai-Miao Li, Waishan Qiu, Wenjing Li, Dan Luo
This research established a comprehensive evaluation system for urban ecological assessment. Through research in the fields of urban planning, urban design, and cognitive psychology, this paper defines three ecological evaluation indexes correspondingly. They measure the vegetation coverage of land (planning green), the visibility of vegetation from the pedestrian’s viewpoint (visual green), and the psychological perception of greenery by human (perceived green). This study uses computerized parametric analysis, computerized deep learning, data visualization, and statistical methods to achieve an accurate description of the three evaluation indicators. This study assumes that the three green values may behave consistently or inconsistently at each point. Therefore, this study, on the one hand, tries to analyze the potential factors affecting each green indicator. On the other hand, by analysing the consistency or discrepancy of the three green values, this research revealed the potential link between urban spatial type and integrated ecological properties. Four areas of Brisbane dominated by different functions were selected for this study (Red Hill and Bardon for residential areas, Brisbane City for downtown CBD, and Woolloongabba for industrial areas). The results of the study demonstrate the credibility and applicability of the three green indicators in different areas, examine the various factors affecting ecology, and provide new design strategies and ideas for urban designers.
{"title":"Is greenery green? An analytical comparison between the planned, visual, and perceived green","authors":"Qing Yang, Chufan Cao, Hai-Miao Li, Waishan Qiu, Wenjing Li, Dan Luo","doi":"10.1177/14780771231178887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14780771231178887","url":null,"abstract":"This research established a comprehensive evaluation system for urban ecological assessment. Through research in the fields of urban planning, urban design, and cognitive psychology, this paper defines three ecological evaluation indexes correspondingly. They measure the vegetation coverage of land (planning green), the visibility of vegetation from the pedestrian’s viewpoint (visual green), and the psychological perception of greenery by human (perceived green). This study uses computerized parametric analysis, computerized deep learning, data visualization, and statistical methods to achieve an accurate description of the three evaluation indicators. This study assumes that the three green values may behave consistently or inconsistently at each point. Therefore, this study, on the one hand, tries to analyze the potential factors affecting each green indicator. On the other hand, by analysing the consistency or discrepancy of the three green values, this research revealed the potential link between urban spatial type and integrated ecological properties. Four areas of Brisbane dominated by different functions were selected for this study (Red Hill and Bardon for residential areas, Brisbane City for downtown CBD, and Woolloongabba for industrial areas). The results of the study demonstrate the credibility and applicability of the three green indicators in different areas, examine the various factors affecting ecology, and provide new design strategies and ideas for urban designers.","PeriodicalId":45139,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Architectural Computing","volume":"21 1","pages":"498 - 515"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48009557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-21DOI: 10.1177/14780771231197788
Débora Mela, A. C. P. Martinez, A. Zuin
The scientific literature on vertical gardens presents gaps in the systematization of botanical parameters related to modeling and simulation. To address these gaps, the article aimed to investigate and identify parameters and modeling processes necessary for configuring vertical greening systems in computer simulation software. The systematic literature review method was employed to gather all scientific publications from the past ten years. As a result, the article presents the processes for 3D modeling, the most common software, and information tables containing botanical parameters used for configuring vegetation. Additionally, the work provides an overview of studies conducted on this topic in Architecture in recent years, highlighting other gaps and shortcomings in knowledge for possible future research.
{"title":"Vertical greening: The state of the art in digital modeling and simulation","authors":"Débora Mela, A. C. P. Martinez, A. Zuin","doi":"10.1177/14780771231197788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14780771231197788","url":null,"abstract":"The scientific literature on vertical gardens presents gaps in the systematization of botanical parameters related to modeling and simulation. To address these gaps, the article aimed to investigate and identify parameters and modeling processes necessary for configuring vertical greening systems in computer simulation software. The systematic literature review method was employed to gather all scientific publications from the past ten years. As a result, the article presents the processes for 3D modeling, the most common software, and information tables containing botanical parameters used for configuring vegetation. Additionally, the work provides an overview of studies conducted on this topic in Architecture in recent years, highlighting other gaps and shortcomings in knowledge for possible future research.","PeriodicalId":45139,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Architectural Computing","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47224803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-02DOI: 10.1177/14780771231176140
Max G Marschall, J. Pablo, Sepulveda Corradini
A Passive House’s airtight, well-insulated building envelope can lower operating energy use but also increase the possibility of overheating during the summer. The Passive House Planning Package (PHPP) Excel modelling tool for Passive Houses treats the entire structure as a single thermal zone; this simplification may be in part to blame for the instrument’s poor capacity to forecast the risk of overheating. The current study offers new information on two subjects. First, we compare PHPP’s overheating evaluation method to that of the Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers’ (CIBSE) ‘TM59’ standard, which involves conducting dynamic energy modelling at the room level. Our results support the idea that PHPP underestimates overheating. In the analysed case, glazing solar heat gain coefficient, and air change rate were some of the most crucial factors affecting compliance. Second, we highlight the usefulness of parametric design for compliance.
{"title":"An industry case study using parametric modelling to facilitate Passive House design","authors":"Max G Marschall, J. Pablo, Sepulveda Corradini","doi":"10.1177/14780771231176140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14780771231176140","url":null,"abstract":"A Passive House’s airtight, well-insulated building envelope can lower operating energy use but also increase the possibility of overheating during the summer. The Passive House Planning Package (PHPP) Excel modelling tool for Passive Houses treats the entire structure as a single thermal zone; this simplification may be in part to blame for the instrument’s poor capacity to forecast the risk of overheating. The current study offers new information on two subjects. First, we compare PHPP’s overheating evaluation method to that of the Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers’ (CIBSE) ‘TM59’ standard, which involves conducting dynamic energy modelling at the room level. Our results support the idea that PHPP underestimates overheating. In the analysed case, glazing solar heat gain coefficient, and air change rate were some of the most crucial factors affecting compliance. Second, we highlight the usefulness of parametric design for compliance.","PeriodicalId":45139,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Architectural Computing","volume":"21 1","pages":"421 - 444"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43492213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-29DOI: 10.1177/14780771231174891
Silvio Carta, Tommaso Turchi, Luigi Pintacuda, Ljubomir Jankovic
We present initial findings of our project RECOMM: an analytical tool that evaluates the resilience of urban areas. The tool utilises Deep Neural Networks to identify characteristics of resilience and assigns a resilience score to different urban areas based on the proximity to certain features such as green spaces, buildings, natural elements and infrastructure. The tool also identifies which urban morphological factors have the greatest impact on resilience. The method uses Convolutional Neural Networks with the Keras library on Tensorflow for calculations and the results are displayed in an online demo built with Node.js and React.js. This work contributes to the analysis and design of sustainable cities and communities by offering a tool to assess resilience through urban form.
{"title":"RECOMM. Measuring resilient communities: An analytical and predictive tool","authors":"Silvio Carta, Tommaso Turchi, Luigi Pintacuda, Ljubomir Jankovic","doi":"10.1177/14780771231174891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14780771231174891","url":null,"abstract":"We present initial findings of our project RECOMM: an analytical tool that evaluates the resilience of urban areas. The tool utilises Deep Neural Networks to identify characteristics of resilience and assigns a resilience score to different urban areas based on the proximity to certain features such as green spaces, buildings, natural elements and infrastructure. The tool also identifies which urban morphological factors have the greatest impact on resilience. The method uses Convolutional Neural Networks with the Keras library on Tensorflow for calculations and the results are displayed in an online demo built with Node.js and React.js. This work contributes to the analysis and design of sustainable cities and communities by offering a tool to assess resilience through urban form.","PeriodicalId":45139,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Architectural Computing","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134918897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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