Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.5771/0038-6073-2015-4-371
Friederike Bahl, Philipp Staab
{"title":"Die Proletarisierung der Dienstleistungsarbeit","authors":"Friederike Bahl, Philipp Staab","doi":"10.5771/0038-6073-2015-4-371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5771/0038-6073-2015-4-371","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45144,"journal":{"name":"Soziale Welt-Zeitschrift Fur Sozialwissenschaftliche Forschung Und Praxis","volume":"62 1","pages":"371-388"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75415092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.5771/0038-6073-2015-2-243
P. Weingart
: The argument between propagators and opponents of quantitative performance measures in research and higher education is at a stalemate. On the one hand are those who promote enthusiastically quantitative performance measures, not giving much thought to issues of misrep-resentation and unintended consequences. On the other are the ‘essentialists’ denying the admissibility of transforming qualitative assessments into quantitative ones and reverting to a fundamental argument about the nature of science in general and the university as its core institution in particular. In between are the ‘pragmatists’ who occupy a strategic position in being the forward oriented vanguard combining reflective analysis and shaping the technology of indicators and their applications. I argue that the confrontation of promoters and essentialists is missing the point. Blind belief in the technology of numbers is as misplaced as its outright rejection that does not recognize the strength of social change driving it. In fact, individual scientists, universities and research institutions, large scientific publishing companies as well as science policy and bibliome-tricians are entangled in a tight arrangement in which quantitative measures have become the central currency and everyone profits from dealing with it in some way. Control by numbers is a social technology fired by digitization and has replaced trust in institutions. The old world of academia is thus past. There is no alternative to the pragmatists’ efforts to shape that technology.
{"title":"Nostalgia for the world without numbers","authors":"P. Weingart","doi":"10.5771/0038-6073-2015-2-243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5771/0038-6073-2015-2-243","url":null,"abstract":": The argument between propagators and opponents of quantitative performance measures in research and higher education is at a stalemate. On the one hand are those who promote enthusiastically quantitative performance measures, not giving much thought to issues of misrep-resentation and unintended consequences. On the other are the ‘essentialists’ denying the admissibility of transforming qualitative assessments into quantitative ones and reverting to a fundamental argument about the nature of science in general and the university as its core institution in particular. In between are the ‘pragmatists’ who occupy a strategic position in being the forward oriented vanguard combining reflective analysis and shaping the technology of indicators and their applications. I argue that the confrontation of promoters and essentialists is missing the point. Blind belief in the technology of numbers is as misplaced as its outright rejection that does not recognize the strength of social change driving it. In fact, individual scientists, universities and research institutions, large scientific publishing companies as well as science policy and bibliome-tricians are entangled in a tight arrangement in which quantitative measures have become the central currency and everyone profits from dealing with it in some way. Control by numbers is a social technology fired by digitization and has replaced trust in institutions. The old world of academia is thus past. There is no alternative to the pragmatists’ efforts to shape that technology.","PeriodicalId":45144,"journal":{"name":"Soziale Welt-Zeitschrift Fur Sozialwissenschaftliche Forschung Und Praxis","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74136293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.5771/0038-6073-2015-4-351
B. Liebsch
{"title":"Von der Angst, ‚anders‘ zu sein, zur normalisierten Verschiedenheit?","authors":"B. Liebsch","doi":"10.5771/0038-6073-2015-4-351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5771/0038-6073-2015-4-351","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45144,"journal":{"name":"Soziale Welt-Zeitschrift Fur Sozialwissenschaftliche Forschung Und Praxis","volume":"24 1","pages":"351-370"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78218966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.5771/0038-6073-2015-4-411
P. Sauermann, A. Hämmerling
{"title":"Migrationsspezifische Bildungsungleichheiten in der Grundschule","authors":"P. Sauermann, A. Hämmerling","doi":"10.5771/0038-6073-2015-4-411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5771/0038-6073-2015-4-411","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45144,"journal":{"name":"Soziale Welt-Zeitschrift Fur Sozialwissenschaftliche Forschung Und Praxis","volume":"57 1","pages":"411-436"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80222298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.5771/9783845260433-321
S. Liebig, Carsten Sauer, Stefan Friedhoff
Der Beitrag gibt einen Uberblick uber den bisherigen Einsatz von faktoriellen Surveys in der Gerechtigkeitsforschung. Dabei wird gefragt, warum dieses Verfahren gerade fur die Erhebung von Einstellungen zur Gerechtigkeit sinnvoll ist. Dies wird anhand von funf Problemen der empirischen Gerechtigkeitsforschung diskutiert. Fur jeden der Problembereiche werden Ergebnisse aus der bisherigen Anwendung des faktoriellen Surveys in der Gerechtigkeitsforschung vorgestellt, wobei die Bewertung der Zu- und Verteilung von Gutern (Erwerbseinkommen, Transferleistungen oder Renten) und Lasten (Steuern und Abgaben) im Mittelpunkt steht. Der Beitrag schliest mit einem Ausblick auf zukunftige Entwicklungen und Anwendungsmoglichkeiten in diesem Forschungsfeld.
{"title":"Empirische Gerechtigkeitsforschung mit dem faktoriellen Survey","authors":"S. Liebig, Carsten Sauer, Stefan Friedhoff","doi":"10.5771/9783845260433-321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5771/9783845260433-321","url":null,"abstract":"Der Beitrag gibt einen Uberblick uber den bisherigen Einsatz von faktoriellen Surveys in der Gerechtigkeitsforschung. Dabei wird gefragt, warum dieses Verfahren gerade fur die Erhebung von Einstellungen zur Gerechtigkeit sinnvoll ist. Dies wird anhand von funf Problemen der empirischen Gerechtigkeitsforschung diskutiert. Fur jeden der Problembereiche werden Ergebnisse aus der bisherigen Anwendung des faktoriellen Surveys in der Gerechtigkeitsforschung vorgestellt, wobei die Bewertung der Zu- und Verteilung von Gutern (Erwerbseinkommen, Transferleistungen oder Renten) und Lasten (Steuern und Abgaben) im Mittelpunkt steht. Der Beitrag schliest mit einem Ausblick auf zukunftige Entwicklungen und Anwendungsmoglichkeiten in diesem Forschungsfeld.","PeriodicalId":45144,"journal":{"name":"Soziale Welt-Zeitschrift Fur Sozialwissenschaftliche Forschung Und Praxis","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78222303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-07-06DOI: 10.5771/0038-6073-2014-2-247
S. Eifler, K. Petzold
{"title":"Der Einfluss der Ausführlichkeit von Vignetten auf die Erfassung prosozialer Einstellungen","authors":"S. Eifler, K. Petzold","doi":"10.5771/0038-6073-2014-2-247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5771/0038-6073-2014-2-247","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45144,"journal":{"name":"Soziale Welt-Zeitschrift Fur Sozialwissenschaftliche Forschung Und Praxis","volume":"28 1","pages":"247-270"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2014-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91285156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-04-30DOI: 10.5771/0038-6073-2014-2-153
H. Rauhut, Silvana Jud
There is a growing body of research showing that people altruistically enforce cooperation norms in social dilemmas. Most of this research analyzes situations where norm violators are known and group members enforce cooperation among each other. However, in many situations norm violators are unknown and detection and punishment is enforced by third parties, such as in plagiarism, tax evasion, doping or even two-timing. Our contribution is threefold. Conceptually, we show the usefulness of inspection game experiments for studying normative behavior in these situations. Methodologically, we present a novel measurement of strategic norm adherence and enforcement, asking for continuous, "frequentistic" choice probabilities. Substantively, we demonstrate that norm adherence in these situations is best understood by coexisting distinct actor types. Self-regarding types learn the inspection rate and calibrate their norm violations to maximize own payoffs. Other-regarding types reciprocate experienced victimizations by stealing from other, unknown group members; even at additional costs. We specify both mechanisms by agent-based simulation models and compare their relative strength by behavioral and attitudinal data in inspection game experiments (N=220). Our results suggest a modern sociological perspective, which combines homo oeconomicus with homo sociologicus. Further, our findings contribute to understanding conditional norm compliance in "broken windows" dynamics, since we show under controlled conditions that it may result jointly from self- and other regarding mechanisms.
{"title":"Avoiding detection or reciprocating norm violations? : an experimental comparison of self- and other-regarding mechanisms for norm adherence","authors":"H. Rauhut, Silvana Jud","doi":"10.5771/0038-6073-2014-2-153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5771/0038-6073-2014-2-153","url":null,"abstract":"There is a growing body of research showing that people altruistically enforce cooperation norms in social dilemmas. Most of this research analyzes situations where norm violators are known and group members enforce cooperation among each other. However, in many situations norm violators are unknown and detection and punishment is enforced by third parties, such as in plagiarism, tax evasion, doping or even two-timing. Our contribution is threefold. Conceptually, we show the usefulness of inspection game experiments for studying normative behavior in these situations. Methodologically, we present a novel measurement of strategic norm adherence and enforcement, asking for continuous, \"frequentistic\" choice probabilities. Substantively, we demonstrate that norm adherence in these situations is best understood by coexisting distinct actor types. Self-regarding types learn the inspection rate and calibrate their norm violations to maximize own payoffs. Other-regarding types reciprocate experienced victimizations by stealing from other, unknown group members; even at additional costs. We specify both mechanisms by agent-based simulation models and compare their relative strength by behavioral and attitudinal data in inspection game experiments (N=220). Our results suggest a modern sociological perspective, which combines homo oeconomicus with homo sociologicus. Further, our findings contribute to understanding conditional norm compliance in \"broken windows\" dynamics, since we show under controlled conditions that it may result jointly from self- and other regarding mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":45144,"journal":{"name":"Soziale Welt-Zeitschrift Fur Sozialwissenschaftliche Forschung Und Praxis","volume":"47 1","pages":"153-183"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2014-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76879490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-02-01DOI: 10.5771/0038-6073-2014-3-317
A. Doja
In this paper I aim to contribute to the debate about hegemonic relations between the West European “core” and Southeast European “margins”, by showing the links between mutually challenged and engendered quasi-anthropological traditions in the totalitarian projects of nation-building and empire-building. New aspects of a continuous resonance will be addressed regarding a politically instrumentalized German-writing tradition of Volks- and Volkerkunde grounded in Herderian Romanticism and the imperial ambitions of the nineteenth century. In the course of discussion, the successive German traditions of National-Socialist Volkskunde and Communist East German Ethnographie, until the revised tradition of Europaische Ethnologie in the 1990s, are shown to operate from a historicist tradition rather than from a critical tradition as a reflexive successor to former Volkskunde. In this discussion particular attention is given to contextualizing the historical and current production of knowledge by the German and Austrian “West” on a Southeast European and Albanian culture, which is reduced to its archaic or pre-modern “traditions” and its specific or antiquated “mentalities”.
{"title":"The Beautiful Blue Danube and the Accursed Black Mountain Wreath: German and Austrian Kulturpolitik of Knowledge on Southeast Europe and Albania","authors":"A. Doja","doi":"10.5771/0038-6073-2014-3-317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5771/0038-6073-2014-3-317","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper I aim to contribute to the debate about hegemonic relations between the West European “core” and Southeast European “margins”, by showing the links between mutually challenged and engendered quasi-anthropological traditions in the totalitarian projects of nation-building and empire-building. New aspects of a continuous resonance will be addressed regarding a politically instrumentalized German-writing tradition of Volks- and Volkerkunde grounded in Herderian Romanticism and the imperial ambitions of the nineteenth century. In the course of discussion, the successive German traditions of National-Socialist Volkskunde and Communist East German Ethnographie, until the revised tradition of Europaische Ethnologie in the 1990s, are shown to operate from a historicist tradition rather than from a critical tradition as a reflexive successor to former Volkskunde. In this discussion particular attention is given to contextualizing the historical and current production of knowledge by the German and Austrian “West” on a Southeast European and Albanian culture, which is reduced to its archaic or pre-modern “traditions” and its specific or antiquated “mentalities”.","PeriodicalId":45144,"journal":{"name":"Soziale Welt-Zeitschrift Fur Sozialwissenschaftliche Forschung Und Praxis","volume":"25 1","pages":"317-343"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2014-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85414400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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