The aim of the research was to construct, validate and verify the ecological validity of the new measurement instrument, i.e., the Croatian School Climate Questionnaire – Teachers Version (HUŠK-N), which measures the general factor of the school climate from a teacher's perspective. Data were collected on three convenient samples of primary school teachers (N = 504) and on one sample of secondary school teachers (N = 196). In addition to the HUŠK-N questionnaire, teachers also completed questionnaires of several constructs relevant to teacher functioning. The results indicated that HUŠK-N has satisfactory psychometric characteristics, relatively high reliability (α > 0.77), a clear one-factor structure, and a normal distribution of responses. Correlation analysis revealed the expected direction of correlations of perception of school climate with selected constructs at all educational levels.
{"title":"Testing Ecological Validity of the Croatian School Climate Questionnaire for Teachers from Different Educational Levels","authors":"Tena Velki, Gordana Kuterovac Jagodić","doi":"10.5559/di.32.3.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5559/di.32.3.06","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the research was to construct, validate and verify the ecological validity of the new measurement instrument, i.e., the Croatian School Climate Questionnaire – Teachers Version (HUŠK-N), which measures the general factor of the school climate from a teacher's perspective. Data were collected on three convenient samples of primary school teachers (N = 504) and on one sample of secondary school teachers (N = 196). In addition to the HUŠK-N questionnaire, teachers also completed questionnaires of several constructs relevant to teacher functioning. The results indicated that HUŠK-N has satisfactory psychometric characteristics, relatively high reliability (α > 0.77), a clear one-factor structure, and a normal distribution of responses. Correlation analysis revealed the expected direction of correlations of perception of school climate with selected constructs at all educational levels.","PeriodicalId":45161,"journal":{"name":"Drustvena Istrazivanja","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135607333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study focuses on sustainable consumption, which has recently gained popularity. The study seeks to ascertain the effects of pro-environmental behaviour and saving behaviour, both of which are constructs of sustainable consumption behaviour, on the organic and second-hand product purchase intention. Convenience sampling method was used in the collection of data, in which any consumer could participate, and the data were collected with a prepared online questionnaire. According to the findings of the study conducted on 595 Turkish consumers, pro-environmental behaviour and saving behaviour have positive effects on second-hand product purchase intentions, while pro-environmental behaviour has a positive effect on organic product purchase intention and saving behaviour has a negative effect on it. These findings make significant contributions to the literature and practice of sustainable consumption.
{"title":"How Pro-Environmental and Saving Behaviours Determine Organic Product and Second-Hand Product Purchase Intentions: A Study in Turkey","authors":"Ibrahim Avcı","doi":"10.5559/di.32.3.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5559/di.32.3.03","url":null,"abstract":"The study focuses on sustainable consumption, which has recently gained popularity. The study seeks to ascertain the effects of pro-environmental behaviour and saving behaviour, both of which are constructs of sustainable consumption behaviour, on the organic and second-hand product purchase intention. Convenience sampling method was used in the collection of data, in which any consumer could participate, and the data were collected with a prepared online questionnaire. According to the findings of the study conducted on 595 Turkish consumers, pro-environmental behaviour and saving behaviour have positive effects on second-hand product purchase intentions, while pro-environmental behaviour has a positive effect on organic product purchase intention and saving behaviour has a negative effect on it. These findings make significant contributions to the literature and practice of sustainable consumption.","PeriodicalId":45161,"journal":{"name":"Drustvena Istrazivanja","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135607339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ivana Tucak Junaković, Neala Ambrosi-Randić, Ivana Macuka
Research into possible determinants of successful ageing is continuously growing, due to the increase in the proportion of old people in the general population, as well as the important practical implications that it has. However, the role of various psychosocial factors in the process of successful ageing is still not sufficiently clarified. The main goal of this study was to examine the contribution of a group of psychosocial factors (optimism, resilience, generativity, adaptation to the ageing process, social support and the frequency of social contacts) to successful ageing. The twofactor model of Pruchno et al. (2010) was used to measure the concept of successful ageing. The model includes the subjective and objective components of successful ageing. The research data were collected on a sample of 790 elderly and old men and women aged between 65 and 98 years. The results of hierarchical regression analyses have shown that the best predictors of subjective and objective indicators of successful ageing were age and psychological traits and resources (optimism, resilience, and good adaptation to changes in the ageing process). The applied value of these results can be found in the identification of factors that contribute to successful ageing and the quality of life of older people.
由于老年人在总人口中所占比例的增加，以及它所具有的重要实际意义，对成功老龄化的可能决定因素的研究正在不断增加。然而，各种社会心理因素在成功老龄化过程中的作用仍然没有得到充分的阐明。本研究的主要目的是检验一组社会心理因素(乐观、恢复力、创造力、对老龄化过程的适应、社会支持和社会接触频率)对老龄成功的贡献。采用Pruchno et al.(2010)的双因素模型来衡量成功老龄化的概念。该模型包括成功老龄化的主观和客观因素。研究数据收集自790名年龄在65岁至98岁之间的老人和老年男女。分层回归分析结果表明，年龄、心理特征和资源(乐观、适应力和对老龄化过程变化的良好适应)是预测老龄成功的主客观指标。这些结果的应用价值可以在确定有助于老年人成功老龄化和生活质量的因素中找到。
{"title":"Psychosocial Determinants of Objective and Subjective Indicators of Successful Ageing","authors":"Ivana Tucak Junaković, Neala Ambrosi-Randić, Ivana Macuka","doi":"10.5559/di.32.3.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5559/di.32.3.04","url":null,"abstract":"Research into possible determinants of successful ageing is continuously growing, due to the increase in the proportion of old people in the general population, as well as the important practical implications that it has. However, the role of various psychosocial factors in the process of successful ageing is still not sufficiently clarified. The main goal of this study was to examine the contribution of a group of psychosocial factors (optimism, resilience, generativity, adaptation to the ageing process, social support and the frequency of social contacts) to successful ageing. The twofactor model of Pruchno et al. (2010) was used to measure the concept of successful ageing. The model includes the subjective and objective components of successful ageing. The research data were collected on a sample of 790 elderly and old men and women aged between 65 and 98 years. The results of hierarchical regression analyses have shown that the best predictors of subjective and objective indicators of successful ageing were age and psychological traits and resources (optimism, resilience, and good adaptation to changes in the ageing process). The applied value of these results can be found in the identification of factors that contribute to successful ageing and the quality of life of older people.","PeriodicalId":45161,"journal":{"name":"Drustvena Istrazivanja","volume":"181 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135607335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper examines the role of school experiences in accounting for behavioural and subjective aspects of high- -school student adjustment. The study data were collected on a stratified random sample of students (N = 978) of both genders and attending all 4 grades of high schools in the Dubrovnik-Neretva County. Age and gender differences in the level and structure of relationships among the selected measures of school experiences, leisure-time variables, and adaptation outcomes were examined. Higher levels of students’ attachment and commitment to fulfilling school obligations were detected among younger students and females, while the exposure to alcohol and substance use was expectedly found to be more common among higher- -grade students. Multigroup structural equation analyses confirmed significant direct relationships of latent measures of school experiences with general satisfaction with life, and indirect relationships of the same school experiences variables with the regularity of substance use among students. Somewhat different magnitudes of structural parameters were observed between the samples defined by gender, whereas age differences in the obtained pattern of structural relationships were not supported by the empirical data.
{"title":"School Bonding and Adaptive Behaviour in Adolescents","authors":"Vesna Buško, Petar Bezinović","doi":"10.5559/di.32.3.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5559/di.32.3.05","url":null,"abstract":"The paper examines the role of school experiences in accounting for behavioural and subjective aspects of high- -school student adjustment. The study data were collected on a stratified random sample of students (N = 978) of both genders and attending all 4 grades of high schools in the Dubrovnik-Neretva County. Age and gender differences in the level and structure of relationships among the selected measures of school experiences, leisure-time variables, and adaptation outcomes were examined. Higher levels of students’ attachment and commitment to fulfilling school obligations were detected among younger students and females, while the exposure to alcohol and substance use was expectedly found to be more common among higher- -grade students. Multigroup structural equation analyses confirmed significant direct relationships of latent measures of school experiences with general satisfaction with life, and indirect relationships of the same school experiences variables with the regularity of substance use among students. Somewhat different magnitudes of structural parameters were observed between the samples defined by gender, whereas age differences in the obtained pattern of structural relationships were not supported by the empirical data.","PeriodicalId":45161,"journal":{"name":"Drustvena Istrazivanja","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135607338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The comparative analysis established the similarity of the demographic transition processes in Ukraine and Croatia as a consequence of the specific historical, social and economic conditions of development within the former state communities. Consideration of post-transition characteristics and demographic heritage confirmed the comparability of modern demographic characteristics and processes of these two countries. The recent geopolitical situation in Eastern Europe related to the Russian aggression on Ukraine has caused intensified forced relocations of the population in Ukraine and Europe in the context of exile and refugee movements. The main sources of migration waves, the directions and intensity of certain forms of forced (war) migration to and from the territory of Ukraine are defined. In addition to the increased spatial mobility of the population (both internal and external) and direct demographic losses, other demographic consequences will be visible with a delayed effect, and after the end of the war in Ukraine.
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Demographic Transition Processes in Ukraine and Croatia and Recent Refugee Waves","authors":"Monika Komušanac","doi":"10.5559/di.32.3.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5559/di.32.3.02","url":null,"abstract":"The comparative analysis established the similarity of the demographic transition processes in Ukraine and Croatia as a consequence of the specific historical, social and economic conditions of development within the former state communities. Consideration of post-transition characteristics and demographic heritage confirmed the comparability of modern demographic characteristics and processes of these two countries. The recent geopolitical situation in Eastern Europe related to the Russian aggression on Ukraine has caused intensified forced relocations of the population in Ukraine and Europe in the context of exile and refugee movements. The main sources of migration waves, the directions and intensity of certain forms of forced (war) migration to and from the territory of Ukraine are defined. In addition to the increased spatial mobility of the population (both internal and external) and direct demographic losses, other demographic consequences will be visible with a delayed effect, and after the end of the war in Ukraine.","PeriodicalId":45161,"journal":{"name":"Drustvena Istrazivanja","volume":"128 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135607334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This contribution strives to give an initial overview of various legal frameworks and the connected everyday practices concerning military cemeteries containing the remains of Croatian soldiers – for the most part members of the Austrian- -Hungarian armed forces – and to situate them within the changing political and cultural context, including memorial manifestations such as public monuments, individual war memoirs, and soldiers' frontline newspapers. As a consequence, the 1914–1941 period is further subdivided into the 1914– 1918 Habsburg period, the short 1918–1921 intermezzo, and the 1921–1941 Karađorđević period, albeit none of this was exactly uniform. Apart from literature and published sources, the research was also based on archival documents (Croatian State Archives in Zagreb, Archives of Yugoslavia in Belgrade).
{"title":"The Military Cemeteries of the Great War in Croatia 1914–1941","authors":"Filip Hameršak","doi":"10.5559/di.32.2.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5559/di.32.2.03","url":null,"abstract":"This contribution strives to give an initial overview of various legal frameworks and the connected everyday practices concerning military cemeteries containing the remains of Croatian soldiers – for the most part members of the Austrian- -Hungarian armed forces – and to situate them within the changing political and cultural context, including memorial manifestations such as public monuments, individual war memoirs, and soldiers' frontline newspapers. As a consequence, the 1914–1941 period is further subdivided into the 1914– 1918 Habsburg period, the short 1918–1921 intermezzo, and the 1921–1941 Karađorđević period, albeit none of this was exactly uniform. Apart from literature and published sources, the research was also based on archival documents (Croatian State Archives in Zagreb, Archives of Yugoslavia in Belgrade).","PeriodicalId":45161,"journal":{"name":"Drustvena Istrazivanja","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78028072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Employing a sociological discourse analysis of media reports, this study aims to identify and typologise World War I-related memorial events in the cross-border region of Istria, which is traditionally heavily involved in international tourist flows in Slovenia and Croatia. The theory of memory, social amnesia, and dark tourism are thus intertwined. A corpus of 15 anniversary-related (and all accessible) media reports from three leading regional news media outlets was included in the analysis, which negates the complete social amnesia of war; they were typologised as memorial services or dark exhibitions. We found that memorial events are also related to sport/recreation (diving) and meetings of scholars (conferences, round tables, presentation of the book), which resulted in a revised typology of memorial events. The analysed events scattered throughout the peninsula have limited tourist significance and also reflect the Istrian social reality, specifically multiculturalism and transcultural memory. The paper concludes with an overview of the scholarly and practical implications and limitations of the approach used.
{"title":"\"Memories of a Forgotten War\" and Their Contemporary (Dark) Tourism Implications: An Istrian Media Perspective","authors":"M. Šuligoj","doi":"10.5559/di.32.2.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5559/di.32.2.06","url":null,"abstract":"Employing a sociological discourse analysis of media reports, this study aims to identify and typologise World War I-related memorial events in the cross-border region of Istria, which is traditionally heavily involved in international tourist flows in Slovenia and Croatia. The theory of memory, social amnesia, and dark tourism are thus intertwined. A corpus of 15 anniversary-related (and all accessible) media reports from three leading regional news media outlets was included in the analysis, which negates the complete social amnesia of war; they were typologised as memorial services or dark exhibitions. We found that memorial events are also related to sport/recreation (diving) and meetings of scholars (conferences, round tables, presentation of the book), which resulted in a revised typology of memorial events. The analysed events scattered throughout the peninsula have limited tourist significance and also reflect the Istrian social reality, specifically multiculturalism and transcultural memory. The paper concludes with an overview of the scholarly and practical implications and limitations of the approach used.","PeriodicalId":45161,"journal":{"name":"Drustvena Istrazivanja","volume":"953 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77584784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
After the end of the First World War, the graves of soldiers of the three armies that fought against each other – Serbian, Montenegrin and Austria-Hungarian, became war memorials of the newly formed Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (Yugoslavia). The care of the state for these war graves was in constant conflict of desires and needs on the one hand, and financial possibilities on the other. Hence, there was an unequal posture towards the graves. Nevertheless, the state put in order a significant number of cemeteries and erected memorial ossuaries. In some of these ossuaries, the bodies of Serbian and Austro-Hungarian soldiers were laid together. After the Second World War, graves, cemeteries and ossuaries from the First World War fell into a state of neglect. With the disintegration of Yugoslavia, a new phase of their existence begins. These soldiers are separated again, and the new, post-Yugoslav, states are now taking care of them.
{"title":"Serbian Vs Yugoslav. Destiny of the Graves of Serbian and Austro-Hungarian (of Yugoslav Origin) Soldiers from the First World War – A Few Observations","authors":"Nenad Lajbenšperger","doi":"10.5559/di.32.2.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5559/di.32.2.05","url":null,"abstract":"After the end of the First World War, the graves of soldiers of the three armies that fought against each other – Serbian, Montenegrin and Austria-Hungarian, became war memorials of the newly formed Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (Yugoslavia). The care of the state for these war graves was in constant conflict of desires and needs on the one hand, and financial possibilities on the other. Hence, there was an unequal posture towards the graves. Nevertheless, the state put in order a significant number of cemeteries and erected memorial ossuaries. In some of these ossuaries, the bodies of Serbian and Austro-Hungarian soldiers were laid together. After the Second World War, graves, cemeteries and ossuaries from the First World War fell into a state of neglect. With the disintegration of Yugoslavia, a new phase of their existence begins. These soldiers are separated again, and the new, post-Yugoslav, states are now taking care of them.","PeriodicalId":45161,"journal":{"name":"Drustvena Istrazivanja","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83768995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this essay I claim that all sites of memory have both local and national meanings, since they say that something happened here or to the people who live here, in this country, which is worth remembering in public. Only some sites of memory are international, in that they are constructed not solely by locals or residents of a particular region or state, but by groups of people in different countries drawing attention to events they think significant. However, transnational sites are those which were constructed or designated as significant by people from different places or different states, who worked together to represent the past from a transnational perspective. Therefore, the central question of my research is what did memory agents, that is, the people who built or used these sites of memory, want to achieve through them? What were they for? The answers I present are based on war memorials and museums. Reflecting on these sites underscores the ways in which war memorials are palimpsests, in the sense that they have multiple levels of meaning attached to them, corresponding to the collective memory of local, regional, national, international and transnational communities about our violent age.
{"title":"Palimpsests: National, International, and Transnational Sites of Memory","authors":"J. Winter","doi":"10.5559/di.32.2.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5559/di.32.2.01","url":null,"abstract":"In this essay I claim that all sites of memory have both local and national meanings, since they say that something happened here or to the people who live here, in this country, which is worth remembering in public. Only some sites of memory are international, in that they are constructed not solely by locals or residents of a particular region or state, but by groups of people in different countries drawing attention to events they think significant. However, transnational sites are those which were constructed or designated as significant by people from different places or different states, who worked together to represent the past from a transnational perspective. Therefore, the central question of my research is what did memory agents, that is, the people who built or used these sites of memory, want to achieve through them? What were they for? The answers I present are based on war memorials and museums. Reflecting on these sites underscores the ways in which war memorials are palimpsests, in the sense that they have multiple levels of meaning attached to them, corresponding to the collective memory of local, regional, national, international and transnational communities about our violent age.","PeriodicalId":45161,"journal":{"name":"Drustvena Istrazivanja","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80496614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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