Pub Date : 2022-03-21DOI: 10.1080/09596410.2022.2049110
Riyaz Timol
ABSTRACT Since its inception in 1920s British India, the Tablighi Jama’at (TJ) has grown into a global movement of faith renewal, animating grassroots Muslim communities around the world. Based on sustained ethnographic fieldwork with the British branch of the movement, this article proposes a concept of ‘intra-religious conversion’ to capture a key modality of its impact in everyday Muslim lives. By this is denoted a shift from a nominal form of Islamic practice to one of passionate devotion. Multiple interview narratives are presented to dissect the conversion experience through a series of precipitating push and pull factors, of which ‘affective ties’ and ‘intensive interaction’ emerge as key. Three key reasons for TJ’s enduring appeal to British-born male Muslims are suggested: (1) its propensity to transform the individual’s relationship with his religion from a ‘passive consumer’ to an ‘active purveyor’; (2) its fostering of strong bonds of belonging and brotherhood; (3) its ability to offer certainty in a world of flux. The findings challenge previous scholarship on British TJ by demonstrating its ongoing popularity among successive generations of Muslims, though reasons why followers may drift away from the movement after undergoing life-changing intra-religious conversion experiences are also explored.
{"title":"Born-again Muslims? Intra-religious Conversion and the Tablighi Jama’at","authors":"Riyaz Timol","doi":"10.1080/09596410.2022.2049110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09596410.2022.2049110","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Since its inception in 1920s British India, the Tablighi Jama’at (TJ) has grown into a global movement of faith renewal, animating grassroots Muslim communities around the world. Based on sustained ethnographic fieldwork with the British branch of the movement, this article proposes a concept of ‘intra-religious conversion’ to capture a key modality of its impact in everyday Muslim lives. By this is denoted a shift from a nominal form of Islamic practice to one of passionate devotion. Multiple interview narratives are presented to dissect the conversion experience through a series of precipitating push and pull factors, of which ‘affective ties’ and ‘intensive interaction’ emerge as key. Three key reasons for TJ’s enduring appeal to British-born male Muslims are suggested: (1) its propensity to transform the individual’s relationship with his religion from a ‘passive consumer’ to an ‘active purveyor’; (2) its fostering of strong bonds of belonging and brotherhood; (3) its ability to offer certainty in a world of flux. The findings challenge previous scholarship on British TJ by demonstrating its ongoing popularity among successive generations of Muslims, though reasons why followers may drift away from the movement after undergoing life-changing intra-religious conversion experiences are also explored.","PeriodicalId":45172,"journal":{"name":"Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80071629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-21DOI: 10.1080/09596410.2022.2053373
Adis Duderija
astics deliberately situated as spaces that defined a community’s proximity to sanctity. Understanding sources in this way, allows us to see the fluctuating nature of confessional identity ‘to the extent that... the very notion of definable religious barriers... become[s] somewhat dubious’ (161). This argument, derived from Bowman’s understanding of monasteries in early medieval Muslim contexts, corresponds to more recent arguments about the nature of religious belief and communal identity in local communities during periods of religious and political change (see, for example, Jack Tannous’s notion of ‘simple believers’). Chapters 5 and 6, the final sections of the book, build off this line of reasoning by exploring the possible reasons for Muslim fascination with monasticism, which Bowman explains as a concern for ‘personal righteousness’ that found its apex in monastic life (175), which in turn gave monasticism a status of honour (228). This sheds light on the encounter between a young Muḥammad and the monk Baḥīrā. The account of this meeting is often understood to function as a means for rooting Muḥammad in the soil of prophetic monotheism. Much more, however, the account likely also serves to connect Muḥammad to a tradition of holiness and the righteousness found in pure religion (228–30). Christian Monastic Life in Early Islam is a very useful contribution to the growing body of literature devoted to the development of Islam and early Muslim communities. As such, it will be helpful for scholars exploring themes in the history of Christian–Muslim relations, the place of monasticism in the development of new religious movements, and the nature of confessional boundaries in medieval, multi-religious environments.
{"title":"Contemporary Thought in the Muslim World: Trends, Themes, and Issues","authors":"Adis Duderija","doi":"10.1080/09596410.2022.2053373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09596410.2022.2053373","url":null,"abstract":"astics deliberately situated as spaces that defined a community’s proximity to sanctity. Understanding sources in this way, allows us to see the fluctuating nature of confessional identity ‘to the extent that... the very notion of definable religious barriers... become[s] somewhat dubious’ (161). This argument, derived from Bowman’s understanding of monasteries in early medieval Muslim contexts, corresponds to more recent arguments about the nature of religious belief and communal identity in local communities during periods of religious and political change (see, for example, Jack Tannous’s notion of ‘simple believers’). Chapters 5 and 6, the final sections of the book, build off this line of reasoning by exploring the possible reasons for Muslim fascination with monasticism, which Bowman explains as a concern for ‘personal righteousness’ that found its apex in monastic life (175), which in turn gave monasticism a status of honour (228). This sheds light on the encounter between a young Muḥammad and the monk Baḥīrā. The account of this meeting is often understood to function as a means for rooting Muḥammad in the soil of prophetic monotheism. Much more, however, the account likely also serves to connect Muḥammad to a tradition of holiness and the righteousness found in pure religion (228–30). Christian Monastic Life in Early Islam is a very useful contribution to the growing body of literature devoted to the development of Islam and early Muslim communities. As such, it will be helpful for scholars exploring themes in the history of Christian–Muslim relations, the place of monasticism in the development of new religious movements, and the nature of confessional boundaries in medieval, multi-religious environments.","PeriodicalId":45172,"journal":{"name":"Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80326332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-17DOI: 10.1080/09596410.2022.2052670
C. Tieszen
several years. Much can be said in praise of the collection: there are a few articles that are perhaps of lesser value, but the vast majority are major contributions by scholars who have dedicated their time to the study of these topics and are changing our understanding of occult sciences. The articles are mostly thorough, and their bibliographies are extensive and useful tools for anyone interested in these topics. The research is based on a very good use of primary sources, which are not always easy to understand. The only criticism one could voice is that the volume still remains a collection of individual articles, without offering a unified, holistic view of the state of the art in studies on Islamic occult sciences, as might be expected from a book appearing in Brill’s famous series Handbook of Oriental Studies. Even the ‘Introduction’ fails to give unity to these studies, though it endeavours to do so. The articles, it is true, represent a very wide selection of topics and do give a variegated view of occult sciences, and the reader learns much. Although we still await a proper handbook of Islamic occult sciences, this volume is a must for scholars working in the field, and it makes major steps forward in our understanding of Islamic occult sciences.
{"title":"Christian Monastic Life in Early Islam","authors":"C. Tieszen","doi":"10.1080/09596410.2022.2052670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09596410.2022.2052670","url":null,"abstract":"several years. Much can be said in praise of the collection: there are a few articles that are perhaps of lesser value, but the vast majority are major contributions by scholars who have dedicated their time to the study of these topics and are changing our understanding of occult sciences. The articles are mostly thorough, and their bibliographies are extensive and useful tools for anyone interested in these topics. The research is based on a very good use of primary sources, which are not always easy to understand. The only criticism one could voice is that the volume still remains a collection of individual articles, without offering a unified, holistic view of the state of the art in studies on Islamic occult sciences, as might be expected from a book appearing in Brill’s famous series Handbook of Oriental Studies. Even the ‘Introduction’ fails to give unity to these studies, though it endeavours to do so. The articles, it is true, represent a very wide selection of topics and do give a variegated view of occult sciences, and the reader learns much. Although we still await a proper handbook of Islamic occult sciences, this volume is a must for scholars working in the field, and it makes major steps forward in our understanding of Islamic occult sciences.","PeriodicalId":45172,"journal":{"name":"Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79832682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-16DOI: 10.1080/09596410.2022.2050589
J. Monferrer-Sala
ABSTRACT This article examines the use of Islamic sources in a fragmentary text, the Tathlīth al-waḥdāniyya (‘Trebling the Oneness’), written by an anonymous Jewish convert to Christianity. The author’s aim was to demonstrate – using an ontological approach – the inconsistent nature of the arguments employed by his Muslim opponents, and at the same time to highlight the unacceptable practices of Muslims with regard to divorce and adultery. The fragments have survived thanks to their being quoted in a text by a Muslim author, who sought to counter each of the theological views expressed therein.
{"title":"Tools for a Discursive Ontological Method: Muslim Sources in the Hands of a Mozarab Polemicist","authors":"J. Monferrer-Sala","doi":"10.1080/09596410.2022.2050589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09596410.2022.2050589","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article examines the use of Islamic sources in a fragmentary text, the Tathlīth al-waḥdāniyya (‘Trebling the Oneness’), written by an anonymous Jewish convert to Christianity. The author’s aim was to demonstrate – using an ontological approach – the inconsistent nature of the arguments employed by his Muslim opponents, and at the same time to highlight the unacceptable practices of Muslims with regard to divorce and adultery. The fragments have survived thanks to their being quoted in a text by a Muslim author, who sought to counter each of the theological views expressed therein.","PeriodicalId":45172,"journal":{"name":"Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75475504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-10DOI: 10.1080/09596410.2022.2048520
Abdulla Galadari
{"title":"Controversies over Islamic Origins: An Introduction to Traditionalism and Revisionism","authors":"Abdulla Galadari","doi":"10.1080/09596410.2022.2048520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09596410.2022.2048520","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45172,"journal":{"name":"Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91320100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-17DOI: 10.1080/09596410.2022.2038957
David D. Grafton
{"title":"Muslim Perceptions and Receptions of the Bible: Texts and Studies","authors":"David D. Grafton","doi":"10.1080/09596410.2022.2038957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09596410.2022.2038957","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45172,"journal":{"name":"Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77220016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/09596410.2021.2021734
Serkan Ince
ABSTRACT Medieval Muslim scholars wrote substantial apologetic and polemical treatises to present and defend the truth of their religion and to invite people of different faiths to Islam. These texts belong to the so-called radd (‘refutation’) literature. It is still interesting today in so far as many radd authors avoided rhetorical polemics and sought serious rational arguments that provide deep insights in the dogmatic differences and peculiarities of various religions. An outstanding, because strongly argumentational, example is Kitāb al-radd ʿalā al-Naṣārā (‘Book of refutation of the Christians’) by Ṣāliḥ ibn al-Ḥusayn al-Jaʿfarī (d. 668/1270). This article introduces al-Jaʿfarī’s life and work, outlines methodological premises for a critical analysis of radd arguments, gives an overview of al-Jaʿfarī’s most important arguments and an example of the analysis of such arguments, and indicates what the examination of these old texts can contribute to today’s interreligious discourses.
中世纪的穆斯林学者撰写了大量的护教和辩论性论文，以呈现和捍卫他们宗教的真理，并邀请不同信仰的人加入伊斯兰教。这些文本属于所谓的“反驳”文学。到今天为止，它仍然很有趣，因为许多学者避免了修辞性的争论，而是寻求严肃的理性论证，为各种宗教的教义差异和特点提供深刻的见解。一个突出的例子是Ṣāliḥ ibn al-Ḥusayn al- ja - faryi(公元668/1270年)的Kitāb al-radd al- alā al-Naṣārā(“基督徒的反驳书”)。这篇文章介绍了al-Ja - fari的生活和工作，概述了对radd论点进行批判性分析的方法论前提，概述了al-Ja - fari最重要的论点，并给出了对这些论点进行分析的一个例子，并指出对这些旧文本的研究对今天的宗教间话语有何贡献。
{"title":"Apologetic Arguments in Ṣāliḥ ibn al-Ḥusayn al-Jaʿfarī’s Kitāb al-radd ʿalā al-Naṣārā","authors":"Serkan Ince","doi":"10.1080/09596410.2021.2021734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09596410.2021.2021734","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Medieval Muslim scholars wrote substantial apologetic and polemical treatises to present and defend the truth of their religion and to invite people of different faiths to Islam. These texts belong to the so-called radd (‘refutation’) literature. It is still interesting today in so far as many radd authors avoided rhetorical polemics and sought serious rational arguments that provide deep insights in the dogmatic differences and peculiarities of various religions. An outstanding, because strongly argumentational, example is Kitāb al-radd ʿalā al-Naṣārā (‘Book of refutation of the Christians’) by Ṣāliḥ ibn al-Ḥusayn al-Jaʿfarī (d. 668/1270). This article introduces al-Jaʿfarī’s life and work, outlines methodological premises for a critical analysis of radd arguments, gives an overview of al-Jaʿfarī’s most important arguments and an example of the analysis of such arguments, and indicates what the examination of these old texts can contribute to today’s interreligious discourses.","PeriodicalId":45172,"journal":{"name":"Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77449857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/09596410.2022.2026067
Peter M. Sensenig
{"title":"Those Who Know Don’t Say: The Nation of Islam, the Black Freedom Movement, and the Carceral State","authors":"Peter M. Sensenig","doi":"10.1080/09596410.2022.2026067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09596410.2022.2026067","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45172,"journal":{"name":"Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90640810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/09596410.2022.2032835
David M. Freidenreich
{"title":"Medieval Latin Lives of Muhammad","authors":"David M. Freidenreich","doi":"10.1080/09596410.2022.2032835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09596410.2022.2032835","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45172,"journal":{"name":"Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89811537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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