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Born-again Muslims? Intra-religious Conversion and the Tablighi Jama’at 重生的穆斯林吗?宗教内部皈依和Tablighi Jama 'at
IF 0.6 2区 哲学 0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2022-03-21 DOI: 10.1080/09596410.2022.2049110
Riyaz Timol
ABSTRACT Since its inception in 1920s British India, the Tablighi Jama’at (TJ) has grown into a global movement of faith renewal, animating grassroots Muslim communities around the world. Based on sustained ethnographic fieldwork with the British branch of the movement, this article proposes a concept of ‘intra-religious conversion’ to capture a key modality of its impact in everyday Muslim lives. By this is denoted a shift from a nominal form of Islamic practice to one of passionate devotion. Multiple interview narratives are presented to dissect the conversion experience through a series of precipitating push and pull factors, of which ‘affective ties’ and ‘intensive interaction’ emerge as key. Three key reasons for TJ’s enduring appeal to British-born male Muslims are suggested: (1) its propensity to transform the individual’s relationship with his religion from a ‘passive consumer’ to an ‘active purveyor’; (2) its fostering of strong bonds of belonging and brotherhood; (3) its ability to offer certainty in a world of flux. The findings challenge previous scholarship on British TJ by demonstrating its ongoing popularity among successive generations of Muslims, though reasons why followers may drift away from the movement after undergoing life-changing intra-religious conversion experiences are also explored.
Tablighi Jama 'at (TJ)自20世纪20年代在英属印度成立以来,已发展成为一个全球性的信仰复兴运动,活跃了世界各地的基层穆斯林社区。基于对该运动英国分支的持续的民族志田野调查,本文提出了一个“宗教内皈依”的概念,以捕捉其在日常穆斯林生活中影响的关键形态。这标志着从名义上的伊斯兰教实践形式向热情的奉献形式的转变。通过一系列的推拉因素来剖析转换体验,其中“情感纽带”和“密集互动”是关键。本文提出了TJ对英国出生的男性穆斯林具有持久吸引力的三个关键原因:(1)它倾向于将个人与宗教的关系从“被动消费者”转变为“主动提供者”;(2)培养强烈的归属感和兄弟情谊;(3)在瞬息万变的世界中提供确定性的能力。这些发现挑战了之前关于英国TJ的学术研究,证明了它在连续几代穆斯林中持续流行,尽管也探讨了追随者在经历了改变生活的宗教内部皈依经历后可能逐渐离开该运动的原因。
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引用次数: 3
Contemporary Thought in the Muslim World: Trends, Themes, and Issues 穆斯林世界的当代思想:趋势、主题和问题
IF 0.6 2区 哲学 0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2022-03-21 DOI: 10.1080/09596410.2022.2053373
Adis Duderija
astics deliberately situated as spaces that defined a community’s proximity to sanctity. Understanding sources in this way, allows us to see the fluctuating nature of confessional identity ‘to the extent that... the very notion of definable religious barriers... become[s] somewhat dubious’ (161). This argument, derived from Bowman’s understanding of monasteries in early medieval Muslim contexts, corresponds to more recent arguments about the nature of religious belief and communal identity in local communities during periods of religious and political change (see, for example, Jack Tannous’s notion of ‘simple believers’). Chapters 5 and 6, the final sections of the book, build off this line of reasoning by exploring the possible reasons for Muslim fascination with monasticism, which Bowman explains as a concern for ‘personal righteousness’ that found its apex in monastic life (175), which in turn gave monasticism a status of honour (228). This sheds light on the encounter between a young Muḥammad and the monk Baḥīrā. The account of this meeting is often understood to function as a means for rooting Muḥammad in the soil of prophetic monotheism. Much more, however, the account likely also serves to connect Muḥammad to a tradition of holiness and the righteousness found in pure religion (228–30). Christian Monastic Life in Early Islam is a very useful contribution to the growing body of literature devoted to the development of Islam and early Muslim communities. As such, it will be helpful for scholars exploring themes in the history of Christian–Muslim relations, the place of monasticism in the development of new religious movements, and the nature of confessional boundaries in medieval, multi-religious environments.
Astics特意设置为空间,定义了社区与神圣的接近。以这种方式理解来源,让我们看到忏悔身份的波动本质,在某种程度上……可定义的宗教障碍的概念…变得有些可疑”(161)。这一论点源于鲍曼对中世纪早期穆斯林背景下修道院的理解,与最近关于宗教信仰的本质和宗教和政治变革时期当地社区的社区认同的论点相对应(例如,参见杰克·塔努斯的“简单信徒”概念)。第五章和第六章,本书的最后一部分,通过探索穆斯林对修道主义着迷的可能原因,建立了这条推理线,鲍曼解释说,这是对“个人正义”的关注,在修道生活中达到顶峰(175),这反过来又给了修道主义一种荣誉地位(228)。这揭示了年轻的Muḥammad和僧侣Baḥīrā之间的相遇。对这次会议的描述通常被理解为在预言一神论的土壤中扎根Muḥammad的一种手段。然而,更重要的是,这个描述也可能将Muḥammad与圣洁的传统和纯粹宗教中的正义联系起来(228-30)。《早期伊斯兰教的基督教修道生活》对致力于伊斯兰教和早期穆斯林社区发展的不断增长的文学体系做出了非常有益的贡献。因此,它将有助于学者探索基督教-穆斯林关系史上的主题,修道主义在新宗教运动发展中的地位,以及中世纪多宗教环境中忏悔边界的本质。
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引用次数: 0
Christian Monastic Life in Early Islam 早期伊斯兰的基督教修道生活
IF 0.6 2区 哲学 0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2022-03-17 DOI: 10.1080/09596410.2022.2052670
C. Tieszen
several years. Much can be said in praise of the collection: there are a few articles that are perhaps of lesser value, but the vast majority are major contributions by scholars who have dedicated their time to the study of these topics and are changing our understanding of occult sciences. The articles are mostly thorough, and their bibliographies are extensive and useful tools for anyone interested in these topics. The research is based on a very good use of primary sources, which are not always easy to understand. The only criticism one could voice is that the volume still remains a collection of individual articles, without offering a unified, holistic view of the state of the art in studies on Islamic occult sciences, as might be expected from a book appearing in Brill’s famous series Handbook of Oriental Studies. Even the ‘Introduction’ fails to give unity to these studies, though it endeavours to do so. The articles, it is true, represent a very wide selection of topics and do give a variegated view of occult sciences, and the reader learns much. Although we still await a proper handbook of Islamic occult sciences, this volume is a must for scholars working in the field, and it makes major steps forward in our understanding of Islamic occult sciences.
数年。对这本书有很多值得赞扬的地方:有几篇文章可能价值不高,但绝大多数都是学者们的重要贡献,他们把时间花在了研究这些主题上,正在改变我们对神秘科学的理解。文章大多是全面的,他们的参考书目是广泛和有用的工具,任何人感兴趣的这些主题。这项研究很好地利用了第一手资料,而这些资料并不总是容易理解的。人们唯一能提出的批评是,这本书仍然是单个文章的集合体,没有对伊斯兰神秘科学研究的现状提供一个统一的、整体的观点,这可能是人们对布里尔著名的《东方研究手册》系列中出现的一本书的期望。即使在引言部分,也未能把这些研究统一起来,尽管它力图这样做。这些文章,确实代表了非常广泛的主题选择,并确实给出了神秘科学的多样化观点,读者也学到了很多。虽然我们仍在等待一本适当的伊斯兰神秘科学手册,但这本书对于在该领域工作的学者来说是必须的,它使我们对伊斯兰神秘科学的理解向前迈出了重要的一步。
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引用次数: 0
Tools for a Discursive Ontological Method: Muslim Sources in the Hands of a Mozarab Polemicist 话语本体论方法的工具:莫札拉布辩论家手中的穆斯林资料
IF 0.6 2区 哲学 0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2022-03-16 DOI: 10.1080/09596410.2022.2050589
J. Monferrer-Sala
ABSTRACT This article examines the use of Islamic sources in a fragmentary text, the Tathlīth al-waḥdāniyya (‘Trebling the Oneness’), written by an anonymous Jewish convert to Christianity. The author’s aim was to demonstrate – using an ontological approach – the inconsistent nature of the arguments employed by his Muslim opponents, and at the same time to highlight the unacceptable practices of Muslims with regard to divorce and adultery. The fragments have survived thanks to their being quoted in a text by a Muslim author, who sought to counter each of the theological views expressed therein.
本文考察了一个片断文本中伊斯兰来源的使用,tathl th al-waḥdāniyya(“三倍合一”),由一个匿名的皈依基督教的犹太人写的。作者的目的是用本体论的方法证明他的穆斯林对手所采用的论点的不一致性,同时强调穆斯林在离婚和通奸方面的不可接受的做法。这些碎片之所以能保存下来,是因为一位穆斯林作者在一篇文章中引用了它们,这位作者试图反驳其中表达的每一种神学观点。
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引用次数: 0
Controversies over Islamic Origins: An Introduction to Traditionalism and Revisionism 伊斯兰起源之争:传统主义与修正主义导论
IF 0.6 2区 哲学 0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2022-03-10 DOI: 10.1080/09596410.2022.2048520
Abdulla Galadari
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引用次数: 1
Ashʿarism Encounters Avicennism: Sayf al-Dīn al-Āmidī on Creation
IF 0.6 2区 哲学 0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2022-03-03 DOI: 10.1080/09596410.2022.2046958
Muammer İskenderoğlu
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引用次数: 1
Muslim Perceptions and Receptions of the Bible: Texts and Studies 穆斯林对圣经的认知和接受:文本和研究
IF 0.6 2区 哲学 0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2022-02-17 DOI: 10.1080/09596410.2022.2038957
David D. Grafton
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引用次数: 1
Apologetic Arguments in Ṣāliḥ ibn al-Ḥusayn al-Jaʿfarī’s Kitāb al-radd ʿalā al-Naṣārā Ṣāliḥ ibn al-Ḥusayn al- ja - fari ' s Kitāb al-radd al- alā al-Naṣārā中的辩白论点
IF 0.6 2区 哲学 0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/09596410.2021.2021734
Serkan Ince
ABSTRACT Medieval Muslim scholars wrote substantial apologetic and polemical treatises to present and defend the truth of their religion and to invite people of different faiths to Islam. These texts belong to the so-called radd (‘refutation’) literature. It is still interesting today in so far as many radd authors avoided rhetorical polemics and sought serious rational arguments that provide deep insights in the dogmatic differences and peculiarities of various religions. An outstanding, because strongly argumentational, example is Kitāb al-radd ʿalā al-Naṣārā (‘Book of refutation of the Christians’) by Ṣāliḥ ibn al-Ḥusayn al-Jaʿfarī (d. 668/1270). This article introduces al-Jaʿfarī’s life and work, outlines methodological premises for a critical analysis of radd arguments, gives an overview of al-Jaʿfarī’s most important arguments and an example of the analysis of such arguments, and indicates what the examination of these old texts can contribute to today’s interreligious discourses.
中世纪的穆斯林学者撰写了大量的护教和辩论性论文,以呈现和捍卫他们宗教的真理,并邀请不同信仰的人加入伊斯兰教。这些文本属于所谓的“反驳”文学。到今天为止,它仍然很有趣,因为许多学者避免了修辞性的争论,而是寻求严肃的理性论证,为各种宗教的教义差异和特点提供深刻的见解。一个突出的例子是Ṣāliḥ ibn al-Ḥusayn al- ja - faryi(公元668/1270年)的Kitāb al-radd al- alā al-Naṣārā(“基督徒的反驳书”)。这篇文章介绍了al-Ja - fari的生活和工作,概述了对radd论点进行批判性分析的方法论前提,概述了al-Ja - fari最重要的论点,并给出了对这些论点进行分析的一个例子,并指出对这些旧文本的研究对今天的宗教间话语有何贡献。
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引用次数: 0
Medieval Latin Lives of Muhammad 【中世纪拉丁语】穆罕默德的生平
IF 0.6 2区 哲学 0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/09596410.2022.2032835
David M. Freidenreich
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引用次数: 0
Those Who Know Don’t Say: The Nation of Islam, the Black Freedom Movement, and the Carceral State 知者不说:伊斯兰民族,黑人自由运动,和卡特尔国家
IF 0.6 2区 哲学 0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/09596410.2022.2026067
Peter M. Sensenig
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations
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