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The History of the National Academy of Recreational Therapists: 2011–2021 国家休闲治疗师学会的历史:2011-2021 年
IF 0.6 Pub Date : 2024-05-03 DOI: 10.18666/trj-2024-v58-i2-12213
Bryan P. McCormick, David R. Austin
The profession of recreational therapy first established professional membership organizations in the 1940s and 1950s. The most recent national professional membership organization was developed in 1984, when the American Therapeutic Recreation Association (ATRA) was formed. The National Academy of Recreational Therapists (NART) was established in 2011 as an honor society to recognize the most accomplished practitioners and educators in recreational therapy and to provide a clearinghouse for the exchange of ideas that would ultimately lead to the advancement of the recreational therapy profession. Efforts to establish NART began in 2009 when David Austin and Ray West drafted a conceptualization of the academy and its operations, as well as proposed a set of by-laws. A steering committee was subsequently established to review and approve by-laws for NART and to establish the Founding Fellows of NART. The central purpose of the Academy was the advancement of recreational therapy by recognition, education, research, scholarly activity, advocacy, and the provision of advice to decision makers. Since its inception NART has established and funded a Future Scholars Fund to support outstanding graduate students considering pursuing a terminal degree, as well as the Marcia Carter Scholarly Manuscript Award for the best annual publication in the Therapeutic Recreation Journal. Over its first 10 years, NART made revisions to its bylaws to refine criteria and categories for Fellows, and by 2021 there were 77 elected Fellows. The invited paper summarizes the first 10 years and considers a number of original goals that remain to be realized to support and advance this honor society.
娱乐治疗专业最早在 20 世纪 40 年代和 50 年代成立了专业会员组织。最近的全国性专业会员组织成立于 1984 年,当时成立了美国娱乐治疗协会(American Therapeutic Recreation Association,ATRA)。美国国家休闲治疗师学会(NART)成立于 2011 年,是一个荣誉学会,旨在表彰在休闲治疗领域最有成就的从业者和教育者,并提供一个思想交流中心,最终促进休闲治疗行业的发展。成立 NART 的工作始于 2009 年,当时大卫-奥斯汀(David Austin)和雷-韦斯特(Ray West)起草了一份关于学院及其运作的构想,并提出了一套章程。随后成立了一个指导委员会,负责审查和批准 NART 的章程,并确定 NART 的创始会员。学院的核心宗旨是通过表彰、教育、研究、学术活动、宣传和向决策者提供建议来推动娱乐疗法的发展。自成立以来,NART 设立并资助了 "未来学者基金"(Future Scholars Fund),为考虑攻读最终学位的优秀研究生提供资助,还设立了 "玛西娅-卡特学术手稿奖"(Marcia Carter Scholarly Manuscript Award),表彰在《娱乐治疗期刊》(Therapeutic Recreation Journal)上发表的最佳年度出版物。在最初的 10 年中,NART 修订了章程,完善了研究员的标准和类别,到 2021 年,共有 77 名研究员当选。这篇特邀论文总结了前 10 年的工作,并提出了一些仍有待实现的原创目标,以支持和推动这一荣誉学会的发展。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of a High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) Program for Military Personnel Receiving Inpatient Treatment for a Substance Use Disorder 对接受药物使用障碍住院治疗的军人的高强度间歇训练 (HIIT) 项目进行评估
IF 0.6 Pub Date : 2024-05-03 DOI: 10.18666/trj-2024-v58-i2-11746
Mikayla Soli, Rhonda Nelson
This study aimed to evaluate a high intensity interval training (HIIT) program delivered in an inpatient treatment setting serving military personnel. This recreational therapy (RT) program assessed the impact of a single session (60-minute) HIIT program on participant affect and state-anxiety. Using a single-group pretest-posttest design, 58 data sets were collected from participants (N = 20). Results indicated an increase in positive affect (z = -.6.52, p < .001), a decrease in negative affect (z = -2.64, p < .01), and a significant reduction in anxiety, t (57) = 1.99, p = .05 following the intervention. The program also resulted in a significant elevation in heart rate, t (57) = -25.89, p < .001 with most participants reaching moderate to high intensity physical activity levels. On a scale of 1–10, participants rated their likelihood of participating in HIIT post-discharge at 6.28 (SD = 2.43). Additional qualitative data provides valuable insight on the perceived benefits to participants and offers suggestions for future program development and research in this area.
本研究旨在评估一项在住院治疗环境中为军人提供的高强度间歇训练(HIIT)计划。该娱乐疗法(RT)项目评估了单节课(60 分钟)HIIT 项目对参与者情绪和焦虑状态的影响。采用单组前测-后测设计,收集了参与者(20 人)的 58 组数据。结果表明,干预后积极情绪增加(z = -.6.52,p < .001),消极情绪减少(z = -2.64,p < .01),焦虑显著减少,t (57) = 1.99,p = .05。该计划还显著提高了心率(t (57) = -25.89,p < .001),大多数参与者都达到了中高强度的体育锻炼水平。在 1-10 分的评分中,参与者对出院后参加 HIIT 的可能性评分为 6.28(SD = 2.43)。更多的定性数据为参与者感知到的益处提供了宝贵的见解,并为该领域未来的项目开发和研究提供了建议。
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引用次数: 0
Recreational Therapists’ Usability Perceptions of the Meta Quest 2 VR System 娱乐治疗师对 Meta Quest 2 VR 系统可用性的看法
IF 0.6 Pub Date : 2024-05-03 DOI: 10.18666/trj-2024-v58-i2-12077
Chad Romoser, Rhonda Nelson, Thomas Ferrill
This study used survey methods to examine recreational therapists’ perceptions of the usability of the Meta Quest 2, a popular commercial virtual reality (VR) system, for recreational therapy (RT) practice. Participants (N = 22) completed the System Usability Scale (SUS) following attendance at a six-hour continuing education workshop that included didactic education and experiential learning with the Meta Quest 2 and eight different VR applications. The SUS scores ranged from 37.50–97.50 (M = 64.31, SD = 17.93) which corresponds with a “high marginal” acceptability rating, a letter grade of C-, and an adjective rating of “good” based on three separate SUS interpretation guidelines. There were no significant differences in SUS scores across several personal (age, gender, race) and professional (years of RT practice experience, primary service setting, client diagnostic characteristics, age of clients served) demographic groups. Findings add to the evidence-base in the emerging area of VR use in RT practice, and suggest opportunities for future research.
本研究采用调查方法,考察娱乐治疗师对流行的商用虚拟现实(VR)系统 Meta Quest 2 在娱乐治疗(RT)实践中的可用性的看法。参加者(22 人)在参加了为期六小时的继续教育研讨会后填写了系统可用性量表(SUS),该研讨会包括授课教育和使用 Meta Quest 2 和八种不同 VR 应用程序的体验式学习。SUS 分数范围为 37.50-97.50(M = 64.31,SD = 17.93),相当于 "高边缘 "可接受性评级,字母等级为 C-,根据三个不同的 SUS 解释指南,形容词评级为 "好"。不同的个人(年龄、性别、种族)和专业(RT 实践经验年限、主要服务环境、客户诊断特征、服务客户年龄)人口统计群体在 SUS 分数上没有明显差异。研究结果为在 RT 实践中使用 VR 这一新兴领域提供了更多证据,并为今后的研究提供了机会。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring Therapeutic Nature-Based Programs for Individuals Who Have Experienced Trauma: A Scoping Review 探索针对经历过创伤的个人的基于自然的治疗计划:范围审查
IF 0.6 Pub Date : 2024-05-03 DOI: 10.18666/trj-2024-v58-i2-12175
Ashlyn Stevens, Son Truong
With the high prevalence of exposure to traumatic events, therapeutic programs that are focused on the recovery of individuals who have experienced trauma is necessary. Nature-based recreation and leisure programs have been found to be helpful for supporting mental health and wellbeing and are increasingly being used in therapeutic contexts. The purpose of this scoping review was to examine current research on the use of therapeutic nature-based activities being employed to support the recovery of individuals who have experienced trauma. This review utilized an established framework for conducting scoping reviews and a modified thematic analysis to gather and interpret relevant data. There were 25 studies included in this review, with three overarching themes being identified: nature experiences providing opportunities for respite and reprieve from trauma symptoms; building and improving connections and relationships to others; and supporting the development of positive intrapersonal outcomes. Gaps in the literature include a need for more diversity in the types of traumas being researched, the need to report more detailed information on the practitioner backgrounds and qualifications, as well as more descriptive information on program design and activities used to provide more insight into how interventions are delivered. Findings of this review are useful for practitioners to better understand the use of therapeutic nature-based programs for individuals who have experienced trauma.
由于遭受创伤事件的发生率很高,因此有必要开展以经历过创伤的人的康复为重点的治疗计划。人们发现,基于自然的娱乐和休闲项目有助于支持心理健康和幸福感,并且越来越多地被用于治疗方面。本次范围界定审查的目的是检查当前关于使用基于自然的治疗活动来支持经历过心理创伤的个人康复的研究。本综述采用了范围界定综述的既定框架和修改后的主题分析法来收集和解释相关数据。本综述包括 25 项研究,确定了三大主题:自然体验为创伤症状提供了喘息和缓和的机会;建立并改善与他人的联系和关系;以及支持发展积极的人际关系成果。文献中的不足之处包括:研究的创伤类型需要更加多样化;需要报告有关从业人员背景和资格的更详细信息;以及有关项目设计和活动的更多描述性信息,以便更深入地了解干预措施是如何实施的。本综述的研究结果有助于从业人员更好地了解为经历过创伤的个人提供的基于自然的治疗项目的使用情况。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Yoga on Health Outcomes in Adults with Chronic Stroke 瑜伽对慢性中风患者健康状况的影响
IF 0.6 Pub Date : 2024-05-03 DOI: 10.18666/trj-2024-v58-i2-12516
Alexis Klocek, Heidi Ross, Melissa Steinheiser, Savannah Sell, Heather Porter
n/a
不适用
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引用次数: 0
Evidence-Based Practice in Adaptive Snow Sports: A Brief Report 适应性雪上运动的循证实践:简要报告
IF 0.6 Pub Date : 2024-05-03 DOI: 10.18666/trj-2024-v58-i2-11735
S. Sklar, Marcia Jean Carter
Adaptive outdoor recreation experiences are widely accepted as a means to rehabilitation and community inclusion; however, therapeutic recreation specialists, have been limited in their ability to document benefits of outdoor recreation activities due to a lack of available instruments. This study reports on the development and implementation of the Progress Report assessment tool, designed to capture functional outcomes of an adaptive snow sports program in the Rocky Mountains. Instrument design, validation, and pilot testing are reviewed. Findings indicate positive changes in participant functional skills observed during snow sports lessons and a positive relationship between number of lessons and one’s ability for the respective snow sports activity. Considerations for adaptation and application of the Progress Report, and implications for future research, are discussed.
适应性户外娱乐体验作为一种康复和融入社区的手段已被广泛接受;然而,由于缺乏可用的工具,治疗娱乐专家记录户外娱乐活动益处的能力受到了限制。本研究报告介绍了 "进展报告 "评估工具的开发和实施情况,该工具旨在记录落基山脉适应性雪上运动项目的功能性成果。研究回顾了工具的设计、验证和试点测试。研究结果表明,在雪地运动课程中观察到参与者的功能技能发生了积极变化,课程次数与个人从事相应雪地运动活动的能力之间存在正相关关系。报告还讨论了调整和应用进度报告的注意事项以及对未来研究的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Testing the Validity of the Flourishing through Leisure Model 测试 "通过休闲实现幸福 "模式的有效性
IF 0.6 Pub Date : 2024-05-03 DOI: 10.18666/trj-2024-v58-i2-12153
Lynn S. Anderson, L. Heyne, Pei-Chun Hsieh
The Flourishing through Leisure Model (FTL) is a recently developed practice model in the field. Using a convenience sample of 210, this cross-sectional study aimed to test the model’s validity. Participants were recruited from seven different sites that provided therapeutic recreation services (both clinical and community settings). A 110-question online survey was used to collect data on the theoretical constructs of the FTL, including overall well-being, leisure, and other well-being domains (i.e., psychological, cognitive, social, physical, and spiritual well-being), as well as the ecological impact on well-being. The results of this study suggested that overall well-being is significantly correlated with all other well-being domains. Additionally, the regression model with the following predictors—psychological/emotional, environmental factors, leisure participation, social, and leisure experiences—successfully explained 71.3% of the variance in predicting overall well-being. The findings of this study supported the FTL as a sound model to guide recreational therapists in practice.
通过休闲获得幸福模式(FTL)是最近在该领域开发的一种实践模式。这项横断面研究使用了 210 个方便抽样,旨在检验该模式的有效性。研究人员从七个提供治疗性娱乐服务(包括临床和社区环境)的不同场所招募参与者。研究采用了 110 个问题的在线调查来收集有关 FTL 理论构建的数据,包括总体幸福感、休闲和其他幸福感领域(即心理、认知、社交、身体和精神幸福感),以及对幸福感的生态影响。研究结果表明,总体幸福感与所有其他幸福感领域都有明显的相关性。此外,包含以下预测因素的回归模型--心理/情感、环境因素、休闲参与、社会和休闲体验--成功地解释了预测总体幸福感的 71.3% 的方差。这项研究的结果支持将 FTL 作为指导娱乐治疗师实践的合理模型。
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引用次数: 0
Website Representation as a Potential Barrier for Veterans Accessing Outdoor Programming 网站表现是退伍军人参加户外活动的潜在障碍
Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.18666/trj-2023-v57-i4-11955
Joanna Bettman, Aaron Leonard, Ellison Blumenthal
Research indicates that outdoor recreation can serve as adjunct to mental health treatment for veterans, enhancing mental health of veteran populations. However, existing outdoor programs appear to serve largely White, male populations even though many veterans are female and racially diverse. In order to consider barriers to outdoor program engagement for diverse and marginalized populations of veterans, the present study examined website landing pages for programs which provide outdoor programming for veterans and/or military populations. The study aimed to answer the question: what racial and gender identities appear on the online marketing for veterans-serving outdoor programs? In order to answer the research question, four coders independently coded visual data from imagery found on publicly-available websites and each organization’s associated social media. Three hundred and six organizations which provide outdoor programming for veterans were identified and coded in the present study. Image coding showed that website landing pages for outdoor programs serving veterans present overwhelming White and male images, rather than images of women and racial minorities. The implications of the present study for veteran outdoor programs are that such programs need to consider how they market and present themselves in terms of representing diverse and marginalized identities in their materials. Without modifying their existing materials, female veterans and veterans from racially diverse backgrounds and marginalized communities will continue to face substantial barriers in getting outdoors.
研究表明,户外休闲活动可以作为退伍军人心理健康治疗的辅助手段,提高退伍军人群体的心理健康水平。然而,现有的户外项目似乎主要服务于白人男性人群,尽管许多退伍军人是女性和种族多元化的。为了考虑多样化和边缘化的退伍军人群体参与户外活动的障碍,本研究调查了为退伍军人和/或军人群体提供户外活动的项目的网站登陆页面。该研究旨在回答这样一个问题:退伍军人户外服务项目的在线营销中出现了哪些种族和性别身份?为了回答这个研究问题,四名编码员从公开网站和每个组织相关的社交媒体上找到的图像中独立编码视觉数据。本研究确定并编码了306个为退伍军人提供户外节目的组织。图像编码显示,为退伍军人提供户外活动的网站登陆页面上绝大多数是白人和男性的图像,而不是女性和少数族裔的图像。本研究对资深户外项目的启示是,这些项目需要考虑如何在其材料中代表多样化和边缘化的身份来营销和展示自己。如果不修改现有的材料,女性退伍军人、来自不同种族背景和边缘化社区的退伍军人在外出时将继续面临重大障碍。
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引用次数: 0
The Role of Recreational Therapy in Equine-Assisted Services 娱乐疗法在马辅助服务中的作用
Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.18666/trj-2023-v57-i4-11989
Blair McKissock, Betsy Kemeny, Taylor Hooker, Courtney Gramlich
Certified Therapeutic Recreational Specialists (CTRS®) have incorporated equines into their practice for many years. Though not common, it is growing in popularity as the demand for equine-assisted services (EAS) grows. Recent factors draw new attention and significance to the discussion, including the 2021 Optimal Terminology Consensus paper. This paper left out recreational therapy (RT) service provision. The American Therapeutic Recreation Association (ATRA) Board of Directors commissioned a task force to define the position of therapeutic recreation within the defined service provisions of EAS and the role of the CTRS® in the implementation. This paper examines RT within the newly defined EAS scope. As a result of this work, RT was accepted as a therapy service as defined by the parameters of the Optimal Terminology Consensus paper under “Therapy.” The role of the CTRS® in planning and implementing a RT session incorporating equines using the Assessment, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation (APIE) process is also discussed. The hope is to advocate for and bring awareness to the essential role of RT and the need for further development of professional competencies, training, protocols, and standards for CTRS®s who incorporate equines into their practice as an intervention or modality for their clients.
认证治疗娱乐专家(CTRS®)已经将马纳入他们的实践多年。虽然不常见,但随着对马辅助服务(EAS)需求的增长,它越来越受欢迎。最近的因素引起了对讨论的新的关注和意义,包括2021年最佳术语共识文件。本文没有提供休闲治疗(RT)服务。美国治疗性娱乐协会(ATRA)董事会委托了一个特别工作组来确定治疗性娱乐在EAS规定的服务条款中的地位,以及CTRS®在实施中的作用。本文在新定义的EAS范围内研究RT。作为这项工作的结果,RT被接受为一种治疗服务,根据“治疗”下的最佳术语共识文件的参数定义。CTRS®在计划和实施使用评估、计划、实施、评估(APIE)流程的马匹RT会议中的作用也进行了讨论。希望倡导并提高人们对康复治疗的重要作用的认识,以及进一步发展专业能力、培训、协议和标准的必要性,以便康复治疗人员将马纳入他们的实践,作为对客户的干预或方式。
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引用次数: 0
Motor Interventions for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Scoping Review 自闭症谱系障碍儿童的运动干预:范围综述
Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.18666/trj-2023-v57-i4-11995
Mildred Oligbo, Lisa Mische Lawson, Prasanna Vaduvathiriyan
Though not considered a core diagnostic criterion, most children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) present with motor impairments that persist into adolescence. In addition, compared to same-age peers, children with ASD participate less in physical, leisure, and recreation activities. The World Health Organization considers participation to be critical to quality of life. This scoping review presents the types of interventions used to address gross motor impairments, and the standardized outcome measures within the domains of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), used to evaluate the impact of the interventions. Results produced 17 articles and five types of motor interventions, including land-based exercise, motor physical activity interventions; sports-based, active recreation; movement-based mind-body interventions; equine or therapeutic horseback riding, and active video games/virtual and augmented reality. The interventions were provided by either a single discipline or an interprofessional team, with physical and recreational therapy being underrepresented as team members. Most studies used outcome measures in the body functions and structures, and activities domains of the ICF and few in the participation domain. The results of this study will be important to professionals for planning, implementing, and monitoring interventions for children with ASD.
虽然不被认为是核心诊断标准,但大多数患有自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)的儿童表现出持续到青春期的运动障碍。此外,与同龄儿童相比,自闭症儿童较少参加体育、休闲和娱乐活动。世界卫生组织认为参与对生活质量至关重要。本综述介绍了用于解决大运动障碍的干预措施的类型,以及用于评估干预措施影响的国际功能、残疾和健康分类(ICF)领域内的标准化结果测量。结果产生了17篇文章和5种运动干预措施,包括陆上运动,运动身体活动干预;以体育为基础的积极娱乐;基于动作的身心干预;骑马或治疗性骑马,积极的视频游戏/虚拟和增强现实。干预措施由单一学科或跨专业团队提供,物理和娱乐治疗作为团队成员的代表性不足。大多数研究使用了身体功能和结构以及ICF活动领域的结果测量,很少使用参与领域的结果测量。这项研究的结果将对专业人员计划、实施和监测自闭症儿童的干预措施具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 0
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Therapeutic Recreation Journal
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