Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1109/mele.2023.3291189
Iqbal Husain
Modern society is based on a stable supply of energy and especially electrical energy. But our planet’s energy needs and sources are changing drastically. New technologies are rapidly evolving through the current global electrification revolution which are driving up the demand for electricity. Much of the emerging technologies in transportation and distributed energy resources (DER) are strongly influenced by decarbonization goals to address global energy supply challenges and environmental concerns. In transportation, global electric vehicles (EVs) sales exceeded 10 million units in 2022 and are projected to grow by 35% in 2023. We may be seeing thousands of electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) vehicles, i.e., four passenger capacity eVTOL air-vehicles, flying in cities in the next decade. Renewable energy integration into the power grid, particularly that of wind and solar, are increasing at an unprecedented rate, with many countries around the world setting net-zero and clean energy targets for the next two decades. In December 2022, the state of South Australia set a new record for renewable energy generation and resilience after running entirely on renewable energy for 10 consecutive days and exported excess electricity to a neighboring state. So how can you keep up with the electrification revolution and related technological advancements?
{"title":"<i>IEEE Electrification Magazine</i> at Its Best: Bridging the Gap Between Technical and Nontechnical [10th Anniversary Celebration]","authors":"Iqbal Husain","doi":"10.1109/mele.2023.3291189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mele.2023.3291189","url":null,"abstract":"Modern society is based on a stable supply of energy and especially electrical energy. But our planet’s energy needs and sources are changing drastically. New technologies are rapidly evolving through the current global electrification revolution which are driving up the demand for electricity. Much of the emerging technologies in transportation and distributed energy resources (DER) are strongly influenced by decarbonization goals to address global energy supply challenges and environmental concerns. In transportation, global electric vehicles (EVs) sales exceeded 10 million units in 2022 and are projected to grow by 35% in 2023. We may be seeing thousands of electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) vehicles, i.e., four passenger capacity eVTOL air-vehicles, flying in cities in the next decade. Renewable energy integration into the power grid, particularly that of wind and solar, are increasing at an unprecedented rate, with many countries around the world setting net-zero and clean energy targets for the next two decades. In December 2022, the state of South Australia set a new record for renewable energy generation and resilience after running entirely on renewable energy for 10 consecutive days and exported excess electricity to a neighboring state. So how can you keep up with the electrification revolution and related technological advancements?","PeriodicalId":45277,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Electrification Magazine","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135388692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1109/mele.2023.3291288
Marcelo Godoy Simões
Induction machines have a robust construction and relatively low manufacturing cost. Induction machines are more economical when compared with synchronous machines or permanent magnet (PM) machines.
感应电机结构坚固，制造成本相对较低。感应电机比同步电机或永磁(PM)电机更经济。
{"title":"A Concise History of Induction Motor Drives—Part 2 [History]","authors":"Marcelo Godoy Simões","doi":"10.1109/mele.2023.3291288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mele.2023.3291288","url":null,"abstract":"Induction machines have a robust construction and relatively low manufacturing cost. Induction machines are more economical when compared with synchronous machines or permanent magnet (PM) machines.","PeriodicalId":45277,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Electrification Magazine","volume":"367 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135388862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1109/mele.2023.3291509
Parag Mitra
The increased reliance on digital services, growth of big data analytics, and popularity of cloud-based services, among other things, have led to the recent boom in data centers. North America leads the world in the total number of installed data centers, and it is estimated that the total installed peak megawatt (MW) capacity is around 4,458 MW, with another 1,144 MW under construction according to the latest assessment by CBRE, a commercial real estate services and investment firm based in North America. Notably, the Silicon Valley (California), Northern Virginia, Atlanta (Georgia), and Hillsboro (Oregon) regions in the United States are seeing significant new construction of data centers.
{"title":"Transmission Planning and Large Data Centers [View Point]","authors":"Parag Mitra","doi":"10.1109/mele.2023.3291509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mele.2023.3291509","url":null,"abstract":"The increased reliance on digital services, growth of big data analytics, and popularity of cloud-based services, among other things, have led to the recent boom in data centers. North America leads the world in the total number of installed data centers, and it is estimated that the total installed peak megawatt (MW) capacity is around 4,458 MW, with another 1,144 MW under construction according to the latest assessment by CBRE, a commercial real estate services and investment firm based in North America. Notably, the Silicon Valley (California), Northern Virginia, Atlanta (Georgia), and Hillsboro (Oregon) regions in the United States are seeing significant new construction of data centers.","PeriodicalId":45277,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Electrification Magazine","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135388850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1109/mele.2023.3291270
James Guest, Ian Commerford, Nilesh Modi, Sheler Saadati, Juan Carlos Alonso, Thisandu Kahingala
As the penetration of complex software-driven inverter-based resources (IBRs) rapidly increases in power systems around the world, the need for modeling large areas of these systems in a time-domain electromagnetic transient (EMT) environment has also increased. Since 2016, the Australian Energy Market Operator (AEMO) has been developing “large-scale” EMT models of parts of Australia’s interconnected Eastern Australian power system, known as the National Electricity Market ( NEM ), for use across many of AEMO’s functions as the NEM’s independent system operator. Due to the size and complexity of the models, these simulations have required large computational requirements and were typically very slow, taking more than 24 h for a 30-s simulation in 2016.
{"title":"Speeding Up Electromagnetic Transient Simulations for Inverter-Based Resources: Australian experience","authors":"James Guest, Ian Commerford, Nilesh Modi, Sheler Saadati, Juan Carlos Alonso, Thisandu Kahingala","doi":"10.1109/mele.2023.3291270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mele.2023.3291270","url":null,"abstract":"As the penetration of complex software-driven inverter-based resources (IBRs) rapidly increases in power systems around the world, the need for modeling large areas of these systems in a time-domain electromagnetic transient (EMT) environment has also increased. Since 2016, the Australian Energy Market Operator (AEMO) has been developing “large-scale” EMT models of parts of Australia’s interconnected Eastern Australian power system, known as the <italic xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">National Electricity Market</i> ( <italic xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">NEM</i> ), for use across many of AEMO’s functions as the NEM’s independent system operator. Due to the size and complexity of the models, these simulations have required large computational requirements and were typically very slow, taking more than 24 h for a 30-s simulation in 2016.","PeriodicalId":45277,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Electrification Magazine","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135388852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1109/mele.2023.3291191
Dean Nelson
I Started infrastructure Masons (iMasons) in 2016 to unite the builders of the digital age. How to define digital infrastructure is an ongoing discussion, as are questions about the size of the digital infrastructure industry. The answers to these questions are essential to answer one more: What is the industry’s carbon footprint? The answer to that question will serve as a baseline for the iMasons Climate Accord, which launched on 25 April 2022, and commits member companies to achieve carbon neutrality in power, materials, and products as a step toward net zero. To measure our industry’s carbon footprint, we need to define two things: what to measure and how to measure it.
{"title":"Digital Infrastructure Bites off Carbon: How the Builders of the Digital Age Came Together to Combat Climate Change [Technology Leaders]","authors":"Dean Nelson","doi":"10.1109/mele.2023.3291191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mele.2023.3291191","url":null,"abstract":"I Started infrastructure Masons (iMasons) in 2016 to unite the builders of the digital age. How to define digital infrastructure is an ongoing discussion, as are questions about the size of the digital infrastructure industry. The answers to these questions are essential to answer one more: What is the industry’s carbon footprint? The answer to that question will serve as a baseline for the iMasons Climate Accord, which launched on 25 April 2022, and commits member companies to achieve carbon neutrality in power, materials, and products as a step toward net zero. To measure our industry’s carbon footprint, we need to define two things: what to measure and how to measure it.","PeriodicalId":45277,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Electrification Magazine","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135388855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1109/mele.2023.3291193
Stuart Sheehan, Alexander Rakow
For decades, data center operators have been drawn to the eastern stretches of Oregon and Washington State, USA. In contrast to the coastal climate that most people conjure when thinking of the Pacific Northwest, the land east of the Cascade Mountains is relatively flat, dry in the summer, and snowy in the winter. Affordable prices for land, tax breaks, and cheap hydroelectric power have made the region one of the main hubs of data center development in the United States, with Amazon, Apple, Google, Meta, and Microsoft all investing in multiple campuses.
{"title":"Evolving a Data Center Into a Microgrid: Industry perspectives and lessons learned","authors":"Stuart Sheehan, Alexander Rakow","doi":"10.1109/mele.2023.3291193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mele.2023.3291193","url":null,"abstract":"For decades, data center operators have been drawn to the eastern stretches of Oregon and Washington State, USA. In contrast to the coastal climate that most people conjure when thinking of the Pacific Northwest, the land east of the Cascade Mountains is relatively flat, dry in the summer, and snowy in the winter. Affordable prices for land, tax breaks, and cheap hydroelectric power have made the region one of the main hubs of data center development in the United States, with Amazon, Apple, Google, Meta, and Microsoft all investing in multiple campuses.","PeriodicalId":45277,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Electrification Magazine","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135889725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1109/mele.2023.3291257
Guillermo Catuogno, Gaston Frias, Carlos Catuogno, Sergio Cruz, Silvina Galetto
The notion of global south can be defined as a term that broadens the concept of developing countries, referring to those countries that have a social and economic structure with great inequalities in the quality of life levels of their populations. Generally, in these countries, access to basic resources is scarce, and this does not allow the equitable growth and empowerment of these communities.
{"title":"LabTA Model, a Guide to Empower Rural Communities: A new approach from university social responsibility to mitigate energy poverty in vulnerable rural communities","authors":"Guillermo Catuogno, Gaston Frias, Carlos Catuogno, Sergio Cruz, Silvina Galetto","doi":"10.1109/mele.2023.3291257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mele.2023.3291257","url":null,"abstract":"The notion of global south can be defined as a term that broadens the concept of developing countries, referring to those countries that have a social and economic structure with great inequalities in the quality of life levels of their populations. Generally, in these countries, access to basic resources is scarce, and this does not allow the equitable growth and empowerment of these communities.","PeriodicalId":45277,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Electrification Magazine","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135388856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.1109/MELE.2023.3264898
M. Wiik, Kristin Fjellheim, J. Suul, K. Azrague
Technology for the electrification of transport is currently undergoing rapid development that is necessary for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. On a global level, the transport sector is responsible for around 12% of the world’s GHG emissions. While the introduction of battery-electric cars is leading the way in terms of commercial scale, developments are also progressing toward electrification of heavy-duty vehicles for road freight transport and coastal transport by battery-electric ships. The performance of modern Li-ion batteries is also enabling electrification of other types of machines and small vehicles that have traditionally been powered by internal combustion engines (ICEs). However, until recently, the developments toward electrification have been mainly directed toward applications with either a large market for series-produced vehicles, such as electric cars, or a high degree of individual engineering for each unit, such as battery-electric ships. Still, there are several application areas where other types of vehicles and machines contribute significantly to GHG emissions.
{"title":"Electrification of Excavators: Electrical configurations, carbon footprint, and cost assessment of retrofit solutions","authors":"M. Wiik, Kristin Fjellheim, J. Suul, K. Azrague","doi":"10.1109/MELE.2023.3264898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MELE.2023.3264898","url":null,"abstract":"Technology for the electrification of transport is currently undergoing rapid development that is necessary for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. On a global level, the transport sector is responsible for around 12% of the world’s GHG emissions. While the introduction of battery-electric cars is leading the way in terms of commercial scale, developments are also progressing toward electrification of heavy-duty vehicles for road freight transport and coastal transport by battery-electric ships. The performance of modern Li-ion batteries is also enabling electrification of other types of machines and small vehicles that have traditionally been powered by internal combustion engines (ICEs). However, until recently, the developments toward electrification have been mainly directed toward applications with either a large market for series-produced vehicles, such as electric cars, or a high degree of individual engineering for each unit, such as battery-electric ships. Still, there are several application areas where other types of vehicles and machines contribute significantly to GHG emissions.","PeriodicalId":45277,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Electrification Magazine","volume":"51 2 1","pages":"24-34"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78148153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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