Using a person-centered approach, this study sought to identify motivation types of volunteers based on their pattern of motives for volunteering and to compare volunteer types in terms of personality and subjective well-being. A two-step cluster analysis conducted on a sample of 441 volunteers revealed four clusters: integrated high function (high on all motives); integrated low function (low on all motives); self-oriented (primarily motivated to advance own career); other-oriented (primarily motivated to pursue values to help others). The other-oriented and the integrated high function clusters reported the highest levels of extraversion, agreeableness, and openness. While satisfaction with volunteering, subjective well-being, and satisfaction of the needs for relatedness and competence were highest in the integrated high function cluster, the other-oriented cluster exhibited the highest satisfaction of the need for autonomy. Our results complement the dimensional approaches to volunteer motivation and show that optimal motivation is achieved by pursuing multiple motives.
{"title":"Motivation types of volunteers, their personality traits and subjective well-being","authors":"Andreja Avsec, Blaz Podobnik, Gaja Zager-Kocjan","doi":"10.2298/psi220623015a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/psi220623015a","url":null,"abstract":"Using a person-centered approach, this study sought to identify motivation types of volunteers based on their pattern of motives for volunteering and to compare volunteer types in terms of personality and subjective well-being. A two-step cluster analysis conducted on a sample of 441 volunteers revealed four clusters: integrated high function (high on all motives); integrated low function (low on all motives); self-oriented (primarily motivated to advance own career); other-oriented (primarily motivated to pursue values to help others). The other-oriented and the integrated high function clusters reported the highest levels of extraversion, agreeableness, and openness. While satisfaction with volunteering, subjective well-being, and satisfaction of the needs for relatedness and competence were highest in the integrated high function cluster, the other-oriented cluster exhibited the highest satisfaction of the need for autonomy. Our results complement the dimensional approaches to volunteer motivation and show that optimal motivation is achieved by pursuing multiple motives.","PeriodicalId":45301,"journal":{"name":"Psihologija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136302756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vladan Ivanovic, Branka Andjelkovic, Tatjana Jakobi, Zoran Kalinić, Ljubivoje Radonjic, P. Čolović
The study aims to identify and describe the most relevant professional skill patterns among the digital platform workers from the selected Southeastern European (SEE) countries. Such orientation is based on the relatively modest presence of SEE countries in large pan-European studies, and on the lack of information regarding the applicability of existing online job taxonomies in observed countries. Applying a topic approach as a natural language processing technique, we analyzed the sets of self-reported skills provided by digital platform workers registered at the Upwork platform. Seven distinctive skill profiles were extracted, which only partly overlapped with the standard Oxford?s Online Labour Index of digital job taxonomy. Results are indicating clear distinctions between highly specialized and general job categories, and between creative and technical professions. Mapping of the skills and national affiliations reveal differences between EU and non-EU countries in the region regarding professional inclinations. Partly in line with the findings of previous studies, the results pave the way for future research on this topic.
{"title":"How do we see digital platform workers’ skill patterns? Evidence from south-eastern Europe","authors":"Vladan Ivanovic, Branka Andjelkovic, Tatjana Jakobi, Zoran Kalinić, Ljubivoje Radonjic, P. Čolović","doi":"10.2298/psi210817001i","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/psi210817001i","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims to identify and describe the most relevant professional skill patterns among the digital platform workers from the selected Southeastern European (SEE) countries. Such orientation is based on the relatively modest presence of SEE countries in large pan-European studies, and on the lack of information regarding the applicability of existing online job taxonomies in observed countries. Applying a topic approach as a natural language processing technique, we analyzed the sets of self-reported skills provided by digital platform workers registered at the Upwork platform. Seven distinctive skill profiles were extracted, which only partly overlapped with the standard Oxford?s Online Labour Index of digital job taxonomy. Results are indicating clear distinctions between highly specialized and general job categories, and between creative and technical professions. Mapping of the skills and national affiliations reveal differences between EU and non-EU countries in the region regarding professional inclinations. Partly in line with the findings of previous studies, the results pave the way for future research on this topic.","PeriodicalId":45301,"journal":{"name":"Psihologija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68658522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Past research found various immoral conducts that people with higher levels of the Dark Triad traits are more inclined to engage in, including infidelity. Marital dissatisfaction has also emerged as a factor of unfaithful behaviors. However, the psychological dynamics of the effects of these personality and relational factors on infidelity are less clear. This study examined the potential mediational role of the use of moral disengagement strategies for justifying infidelity in the relationships between the Dark Triad traits and marital satisfaction, on the one hand, and the tendency towards unfaithful behaviors, on the other, in married participants (N = 241). Results indicate that psychopathy, narcissism and marital dissatisfaction are related to stronger tendencies towards infidelity, and that these effects are partially (in the case of psychopathy and marital dissatisfaction) or totally (in the case of narcissism) mediated by the tendency to morally justify unfaithful acts. No unique direct or indirect effect of Machiavellianism emerged as significant, while men were found to be more inclined towards unfaithful conduct. These findings highlight the importance of the skewed and self-lenient moral judgments fostered by the Dark Triad traits and marital dissatisfaction, which legitimize one?s infidelity and thus renders it more likely.
{"title":"Dark, dissatisfied and disengaged: Propensity towards marital infidelity, the dark triad, marital satisfaction and the mediating role of moral disengagement","authors":"C. Lișman, A. Holman","doi":"10.2298/psi220410003l","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/psi220410003l","url":null,"abstract":"Past research found various immoral conducts that people with higher levels of the Dark Triad traits are more inclined to engage in, including infidelity. Marital dissatisfaction has also emerged as a factor of unfaithful behaviors. However, the psychological dynamics of the effects of these personality and relational factors on infidelity are less clear. This study examined the potential mediational role of the use of moral disengagement strategies for justifying infidelity in the relationships between the Dark Triad traits and marital satisfaction, on the one hand, and the tendency towards unfaithful behaviors, on the other, in married participants (N = 241). Results indicate that psychopathy, narcissism and marital dissatisfaction are related to stronger tendencies towards infidelity, and that these effects are partially (in the case of psychopathy and marital dissatisfaction) or totally (in the case of narcissism) mediated by the tendency to morally justify unfaithful acts. No unique direct or indirect effect of Machiavellianism emerged as significant, while men were found to be more inclined towards unfaithful conduct. These findings highlight the importance of the skewed and self-lenient moral judgments fostered by the Dark Triad traits and marital dissatisfaction, which legitimize one?s infidelity and thus renders it more likely.","PeriodicalId":45301,"journal":{"name":"Psihologija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68658930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Preventing the initiation of cigarette smoking is a core concern for adolescents? health in schools. Sufficient evidence has shown that one?s smoking behavior is susceptible to one?s misperception about the smoking status of proximate peers. However, the cognitive associates of the misperception remain largely uncharted. This study examines how cognitive distortion, which represents a cognitive error in information processing, associates with misperception of friends? cigarette smoking status. The study surveyed 334 dyads of college students to assess their cognitive distortion and misperception with instruments such as the Cognitive Distortions Questionnaire. Logistic regression analyses revealed that cognitive distortion significantly associated with underestimation of the friend?s smoking status, especially among non-smokers. It implies reducing cognitive distortion may be useful for preventing cigarette smoking.
{"title":"Associations between adolescents’ cognitive distortion and misperceptions about cigarette smoking","authors":"C. Jia, C. Cheung, Li Li","doi":"10.2298/psi221007012j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/psi221007012j","url":null,"abstract":"Preventing the initiation of cigarette smoking is a core concern for adolescents? health in schools. Sufficient evidence has shown that one?s smoking behavior is susceptible to one?s misperception about the smoking status of proximate peers. However, the cognitive associates of the misperception remain largely uncharted. This study examines how cognitive distortion, which represents a cognitive error in information processing, associates with misperception of friends? cigarette smoking status. The study surveyed 334 dyads of college students to assess their cognitive distortion and misperception with instruments such as the Cognitive Distortions Questionnaire. Logistic regression analyses revealed that cognitive distortion significantly associated with underestimation of the friend?s smoking status, especially among non-smokers. It implies reducing cognitive distortion may be useful for preventing cigarette smoking.","PeriodicalId":45301,"journal":{"name":"Psihologija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68660033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this study was to investigate the interaction among problematic smartphone use, frustration intolerance, duration of smartphone use, and gender in high school students. A total of 524 students (49.24% males) between the ages of 14?18 years attending high schools in Turkey participated in the study. The Frustration Discomfort Scale and the Smartphone Addiction Scale?Short Form were used for primary data collection. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was conducted to examine the mediator role of duration of smartphone use and the moderator role of gender in the relationship between frustration intolerance aspects (discomfort intolerance, entitlement, emotional intolerance, and achievement) and problematic smartphone use. Entitlement, emotional intolerance, discomfort intolerance, and duration of smartphone use positively predicted problematic smartphone use, but the duration of smartphone use didn't have a mediating role in the relationship between frustration intolerance and problematic smartphone use. These findings highlight that entitlement, emotional intolerance, discomfort intolerance may directly predict problematic smartphone use.
{"title":"A conditional process model to explain problematic smartphone use: The interaction among frustration intolerance, duration of use, and gender","authors":"Osman Urfa","doi":"10.2298/psi220627017u","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/psi220627017u","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to investigate the interaction among problematic smartphone use, frustration intolerance, duration of smartphone use, and gender in high school students. A total of 524 students (49.24% males) between the ages of 14?18 years attending high schools in Turkey participated in the study. The Frustration Discomfort Scale and the Smartphone Addiction Scale?Short Form were used for primary data collection. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was conducted to examine the mediator role of duration of smartphone use and the moderator role of gender in the relationship between frustration intolerance aspects (discomfort intolerance, entitlement, emotional intolerance, and achievement) and problematic smartphone use. Entitlement, emotional intolerance, discomfort intolerance, and duration of smartphone use positively predicted problematic smartphone use, but the duration of smartphone use didn't have a mediating role in the relationship between frustration intolerance and problematic smartphone use. These findings highlight that entitlement, emotional intolerance, discomfort intolerance may directly predict problematic smartphone use.","PeriodicalId":45301,"journal":{"name":"Psihologija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136301941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Although social anxiety disorder (SAD) is widespread and associated with significant distress, its etiology is not yet fully explored. We aimed to examine how metacognitions and mindfulness interact with SAD symptoms. 531 college students were enrolled in this study. Participants completed the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS), the Metacognition Questionnaire-30 (MCQ-30), and the Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ). A path analysis was run to explore the associations between test variables. A positive correlation was found between metacognition and SAD symptoms, while mindfulness negatively correlated with SAD symptoms and metacognition. In the established path model, metacognition had an indirect effect on SAD symptoms, which is partially mediated by mindfulness. Our findings imply that metacognitions and mindfulness may influence SAD symptoms among young adults. Mindfulness seems to have a prominent role in regulating metacognition's effects on SAD symptoms. Therefore, interventions that accurately target these factors may alleviate the symptoms of this debilitating psychological disturbance.
{"title":"The combined role of metacognition and mindfulness in social anxiety symptoms: A path model","authors":"F. Obuća, O. Aydın, S. Cakiroglu, P. Ünal-Aydın","doi":"10.2298/psi220729013o","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/psi220729013o","url":null,"abstract":"Although social anxiety disorder (SAD) is widespread and associated with significant distress, its etiology is not yet fully explored. We aimed to examine how metacognitions and mindfulness interact with SAD symptoms. 531 college students were enrolled in this study. Participants completed the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS), the Metacognition Questionnaire-30 (MCQ-30), and the Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ). A path analysis was run to explore the associations between test variables. A positive correlation was found between metacognition and SAD symptoms, while mindfulness negatively correlated with SAD symptoms and metacognition. In the established path model, metacognition had an indirect effect on SAD symptoms, which is partially mediated by mindfulness. Our findings imply that metacognitions and mindfulness may influence SAD symptoms among young adults. Mindfulness seems to have a prominent role in regulating metacognition's effects on SAD symptoms. Therefore, interventions that accurately target these factors may alleviate the symptoms of this debilitating psychological disturbance.","PeriodicalId":45301,"journal":{"name":"Psihologija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68659967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the tendency to perceive vertical distances as larger than horizontal ones, called the anisotropy of perceived distance, exists in the auditory modality, too. We performed two experiments in which participants (16+20) had a task to match distances of two sound sources, positioned on horizontal and vertical axes, on three egocentric distances. Besides that, in the second experiment, we varied the head moving towards a sound source (with and without) and sound dispersion around the head (with or without a box-like frame around the head). Results showed that participants managed to differentiate sound source distances, but the effects of head moving (proprioceptive information) and sound dispersion around the head were not obtained. Finally, results showed differences in matched distances between two directions. Distances of the vertical sound source were systematically perceived as larger than physically equal horizontal ones, which coincide with findings from previous studies, related to visual or proprioceptive distance estimates.
{"title":"See no isotropy, hear no isotropy: Perceived distance anisotropy in auditory space","authors":"Andjela Soskic, Marija Stublincevic, O. Tošković","doi":"10.2298/psi220704008s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/psi220704008s","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the tendency to perceive vertical distances as larger than horizontal ones, called the anisotropy of perceived distance, exists in the auditory modality, too. We performed two experiments in which participants (16+20) had a task to match distances of two sound sources, positioned on horizontal and vertical axes, on three egocentric distances. Besides that, in the second experiment, we varied the head moving towards a sound source (with and without) and sound dispersion around the head (with or without a box-like frame around the head). Results showed that participants managed to differentiate sound source distances, but the effects of head moving (proprioceptive information) and sound dispersion around the head were not obtained. Finally, results showed differences in matched distances between two directions. Distances of the vertical sound source were systematically perceived as larger than physically equal horizontal ones, which coincide with findings from previous studies, related to visual or proprioceptive distance estimates.","PeriodicalId":45301,"journal":{"name":"Psihologija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68659692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The original paper did not include a note on the project which supported the paper. The missing note is the following: This work has been fully supported by the Croatian Science Foundation under project number IP-2019-04-7537 (Free Career Choice).
{"title":"Corrigendum on: Measurement equivalence of two methods of online administration of the vocational gender stereotype attitudes scale (VGSA) - the supervised in-class and the unsupervised at-home scale administration method","authors":"E Editorial","doi":"10.2298/psi230916014e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/psi230916014e","url":null,"abstract":"The original paper did not include a note on the project which supported the paper. The missing note is the following: This work has been fully supported by the Croatian Science Foundation under project number IP-2019-04-7537 (Free Career Choice). <br><br><font color=\"red\"><b> Link to the corrected article <u><a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/PSI210527022B\">10.2298/PSI210527022B</a></b></u>","PeriodicalId":45301,"journal":{"name":"Psihologija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136257140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Previous studies showed the existence of general factors in cognitive abilities, personality traits, and psychopathology symptoms. We hypothesized a similar factor on the apex of social attitudes? hierarchy; furthermore, we assumed that this factor reflects a conservatism-liberalism dimension. This hypothesis is tested by factorizing the space of ?isms? ? a broad and comprehensive model of social attitudes obtained by the lexical paradigm, in an online study (N = 380; Mage = 32.34[SD = 11.74]; 66.8% females; participants were of Serbian nationality). A General factor is obtained and it was positively loaded by Tradition-oriented Religiousness (.76), Unmitigated Self-Interest (.76), and Subjective Spirituality (.34), with negative loadings of Communal Rationalism (-.53) and Inequality Aversion (-.46). Afterwards, we explored the nomological network of this factor: it correlated positively with the Social Dominance Orientation measure of Social Domination, Social Conservatism, Conservation Values, and Binding Moral Foundations; it also had negative associations with the Social Dominance Orientation measure of Egalitarianism, Self-transcendence Values, Individualizing Moral Foundations, Openness to Experience, Support for EU Integrations, Kosovo Independence, and Immigrants? Integration. The obtained nomological network is congruent with the interpretation of the General factor as conservatism. The data suggest that lay people have a singular core attitudinal dimension which they use to interpret and make sense of societal events and this fundamental dimension is conservatism-liberalism.
{"title":"Conservatism as a general factor of social attitudes","authors":"J. Medjedovic","doi":"10.2298/psi210512012m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/psi210512012m","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies showed the existence of general factors in cognitive abilities, personality traits, and psychopathology symptoms. We hypothesized a similar factor on the apex of social attitudes? hierarchy; furthermore, we assumed that this factor reflects a conservatism-liberalism dimension. This hypothesis is tested by factorizing the space of ?isms? ? a broad and comprehensive model of social attitudes obtained by the lexical paradigm, in an online study (N = 380; Mage = 32.34[SD = 11.74]; 66.8% females; participants were of Serbian nationality). A General factor is obtained and it was positively loaded by Tradition-oriented Religiousness (.76), Unmitigated Self-Interest (.76), and Subjective Spirituality (.34), with negative loadings of Communal Rationalism (-.53) and Inequality Aversion (-.46). Afterwards, we explored the nomological network of this factor: it correlated positively with the Social Dominance Orientation measure of Social Domination, Social Conservatism, Conservation Values, and Binding Moral Foundations; it also had negative associations with the Social Dominance Orientation measure of Egalitarianism, Self-transcendence Values, Individualizing Moral Foundations, Openness to Experience, Support for EU Integrations, Kosovo Independence, and Immigrants? Integration. The obtained nomological network is congruent with the interpretation of the General factor as conservatism. The data suggest that lay people have a singular core attitudinal dimension which they use to interpret and make sense of societal events and this fundamental dimension is conservatism-liberalism.","PeriodicalId":45301,"journal":{"name":"Psihologija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68657780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sonja Protić, Robert Gorzka, H. Höllmer, M. Schredl, L. Wittmann
Gender is one of the well-recognized risk factors for idiopathic nightmares, but rarely connected to posttraumatic nightmare characteristics. Thus, this study aims to test gender differences in (posttraumatic) nightmare characteristics after controlling for trauma-related psychopathology in a large sample of people who experienced trauma. Research participants were 707 soldiers (mean age 31.3 years, 19.5% women) admitted to a hospital-based treatment program for veterans who completed extensive assessments consisting of clinical interviews and self-rating measures with respect to socio-demographic characteristics and psychopathology, as well as dream-related variables. Results indicate no gender differences with respect to nightmare frequency, psychophysical and emotional involvement, reorientation, and dream recall after awakening. Differences between men and women in the amount of replicative content are fully, and in case of nightmare related impairment, explained mainly by the presence of PTSD diagnosis, nightmare frequency, and age. This study questions the significance of gender as a risk factor or predictor of specific (posttraumatic) nightmare characteristics in traumatized and military samples. Further research needs to test if our findings are restricted to military contexts or can be generalized to civilian samples.
{"title":"Gender differences in nightmare characteristics following trauma","authors":"Sonja Protić, Robert Gorzka, H. Höllmer, M. Schredl, L. Wittmann","doi":"10.2298/psi210906020p","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/psi210906020p","url":null,"abstract":"Gender is one of the well-recognized risk factors for idiopathic nightmares, but rarely connected to posttraumatic nightmare characteristics. Thus, this study aims to test gender differences in (posttraumatic) nightmare characteristics after controlling for trauma-related psychopathology in a large sample of people who experienced trauma. Research participants were 707 soldiers (mean age 31.3 years, 19.5% women) admitted to a hospital-based treatment program for veterans who completed extensive assessments consisting of clinical interviews and self-rating measures with respect to socio-demographic characteristics and psychopathology, as well as dream-related variables. Results indicate no gender differences with respect to nightmare frequency, psychophysical and emotional involvement, reorientation, and dream recall after awakening. Differences between men and women in the amount of replicative content are fully, and in case of nightmare related impairment, explained mainly by the presence of PTSD diagnosis, nightmare frequency, and age. This study questions the significance of gender as a risk factor or predictor of specific (posttraumatic) nightmare characteristics in traumatized and military samples. Further research needs to test if our findings are restricted to military contexts or can be generalized to civilian samples.","PeriodicalId":45301,"journal":{"name":"Psihologija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68658597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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