It is not clear whether religions are on the rise or fall today. The present study investigated whether personality trait factors can predict the combined growth of religious affiliations and non-affiliations (i.e., the number of people who self-identify with a religion or do not identify with anyreligion) across socio-cultural contexts through an analysis of online survey data collected from 111 countries and 4,270 individuals. In a multiple-discriminant analysis, religion self-reports constituted three independent dimensions. Religious affiliations and non-affiliations (whether a person identifies as a member of a specific religion or identifies him/herself as an atheist or agnostic) formed separate clusters along one axis, while on the other two, they did not. Across countries, religions? growth rates significantly predicted the trait factor configuration classifying religious affiliations (seeing oneself as a member of a specific religion) differently from non-affiliations (seeing oneself as an atheist or an agnostic). The personality profile grouping affiliations together with non-affiliations had a non-significant relationship with religions? growth rates. In sum, although self-identifying with no religion (i.e., agnosticism and atheism) might not replace affiliating with a religion in the short run, it can show a non-significant trend toward competing with adhering to most popular religions. The results may have implications for understanding the impact of religious pluralism on religions? growth rates and the different growth trends associated with the complexity of religious affiliations.
{"title":"Are religions growing or declining? Self-reported religion and personality","authors":"I. Senay","doi":"10.2298/psi210719007s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/psi210719007s","url":null,"abstract":"It is not clear whether religions are on the rise or fall today. The present study investigated whether personality trait factors can predict the combined growth of religious affiliations and non-affiliations (i.e., the number of people who self-identify with a religion or do not identify with anyreligion) across socio-cultural contexts through an analysis of online survey data collected from 111 countries and 4,270 individuals. In a multiple-discriminant analysis, religion self-reports constituted three independent dimensions. Religious affiliations and non-affiliations (whether a person identifies as a member of a specific religion or identifies him/herself as an atheist or agnostic) formed separate clusters along one axis, while on the other two, they did not. Across countries, religions? growth rates significantly predicted the trait factor configuration classifying religious affiliations (seeing oneself as a member of a specific religion) differently from non-affiliations (seeing oneself as an atheist or an agnostic). The personality profile grouping affiliations together with non-affiliations had a non-significant relationship with religions? growth rates. In sum, although self-identifying with no religion (i.e., agnosticism and atheism) might not replace affiliating with a religion in the short run, it can show a non-significant trend toward competing with adhering to most popular religions. The results may have implications for understanding the impact of religious pluralism on religions? growth rates and the different growth trends associated with the complexity of religious affiliations.","PeriodicalId":45301,"journal":{"name":"Psihologija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68658718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As there are not enough measurement instruments to assess emotions during epistemic activities, this research aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the epistemic emotions scale among speakers of the Persian language. The scale has previously been used and studied in different cultural contexts. The present study sought to expand the application of this scale in the Iranian context. A total of 1153 students (58.6% women) within the age range of 17 to 29 years participated in this study. The mean and standard deviation of the age of the participants were 21.63 and 2.24, respectively. The data collection tools in this study were the Epistemic Emotions Scale, the Achievement Emotions Questionnaire, the Academic Buoyancy Scale, and the Academic Satisfaction Scale. CFA was performed to test the factorial structure (?2 = 1895.96, df = 394, GFI = .86, CFI = .97, IFI = .97, NFI = .97, NNFI = .96, SRMR = .069, and RMSEA = .086) and its validity and reliability were also evaluated. The seven-factor model of the Epistemic Emotions Scale was the same as that of the original scale version, and the Epistemic Emotions Scale showed good internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha for this scale ranging from .85 to .88.. The results showed that the EES scores also correlated in expected directions with measures of related constructs included in this study thus also supporting the external validity of this version of the scale. We can conclude that the Epistemic Emotions Scale is a valid and reliable tool for measuring students' epistemic emotions, and as a result, researchers can use this tool for research purposes.
{"title":"Measuring emotions during epistemic activities: Psychometric validation of the Persian epistemic emotions scale","authors":"M. Ahvanuiee, H. Kareshki, S. Yazdi","doi":"10.2298/psi220420028a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/psi220420028a","url":null,"abstract":"As there are not enough measurement instruments to assess emotions during epistemic activities, this research aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the epistemic emotions scale among speakers of the Persian language. The scale has previously been used and studied in different cultural contexts. The present study sought to expand the application of this scale in the Iranian context. A total of 1153 students (58.6% women) within the age range of 17 to 29 years participated in this study. The mean and standard deviation of the age of the participants were 21.63 and 2.24, respectively. The data collection tools in this study were the Epistemic Emotions Scale, the Achievement Emotions Questionnaire, the Academic Buoyancy Scale, and the Academic Satisfaction Scale. CFA was performed to test the factorial structure (?2 = 1895.96, df = 394, GFI = .86, CFI = .97, IFI = .97, NFI = .97, NNFI = .96, SRMR = .069, and RMSEA = .086) and its validity and reliability were also evaluated. The seven-factor model of the Epistemic Emotions Scale was the same as that of the original scale version, and the Epistemic Emotions Scale showed good internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha for this scale ranging from .85 to .88.. The results showed that the EES scores also correlated in expected directions with measures of related constructs included in this study thus also supporting the external validity of this version of the scale. We can conclude that the Epistemic Emotions Scale is a valid and reliable tool for measuring students' epistemic emotions, and as a result, researchers can use this tool for research purposes.","PeriodicalId":45301,"journal":{"name":"Psihologija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68659469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The main goal of the current study is to examine differences across perfectionists? profiles regarding implicit theories of intelligence, morality and the world. The sample included 202 Russian students, age-range 18?24 (M = 19.62, SD = 1.15), 40% male. Short Almost Perfect Scale and Implicit Theories of Intelligence, Morality, and the World Questionnaire was used for data collection. Correlation and regression analysis, latent profile analysis, and the Student's t-test were conducted. The study results show that adaptive perfectionists tend to hold the entity theory about the world and the incremental theory of intelligence. The world for them is a structured place with fixed rules in which they can improve their cognitive skills, correct mistakes and grow up in experiences. Maladaptive perfectionists tend to hold only the entity theory of morality, so they believe in rigid moral principles. Non-perfectionists tend to hold the entity theory of intelligence and incremental theory of morality and the world. They believe that intelligence has limits, the world is a chaotic and unexpected place and morality is fluid and unstable. The findings are presented in the context of defining the differences between three types of perfectionists in terms of their views on the ability to modify cognitive capabilities, moral principles, and the world in general.
{"title":"Implicit theories of intelligence, morality, and the world in a sample of Russian perfectionists","authors":"Natalia Rudnova, M. Sheveleva, T. Permyakova","doi":"10.2298/psi210525011r","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/psi210525011r","url":null,"abstract":"The main goal of the current study is to examine differences across perfectionists? profiles regarding implicit theories of intelligence, morality and the world. The sample included 202 Russian students, age-range 18?24 (M = 19.62, SD = 1.15), 40% male. Short Almost Perfect Scale and Implicit Theories of Intelligence, Morality, and the World Questionnaire was used for data collection. Correlation and regression analysis, latent profile analysis, and the Student's t-test were conducted. The study results show that adaptive perfectionists tend to hold the entity theory about the world and the incremental theory of intelligence. The world for them is a structured place with fixed rules in which they can improve their cognitive skills, correct mistakes and grow up in experiences. Maladaptive perfectionists tend to hold only the entity theory of morality, so they believe in rigid moral principles. Non-perfectionists tend to hold the entity theory of intelligence and incremental theory of morality and the world. They believe that intelligence has limits, the world is a chaotic and unexpected place and morality is fluid and unstable. The findings are presented in the context of defining the differences between three types of perfectionists in terms of their views on the ability to modify cognitive capabilities, moral principles, and the world in general.","PeriodicalId":45301,"journal":{"name":"Psihologija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68658031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A growing number of studies have focused on psychological factors involved in the career decisions made by individuals with disabilities. This study primarily investigated task-oriented psychological capital as the mediator of the relationship between private/public self-consciousness and career decision-making self-efficacy. Disability status was tested as a moderator of this mediational pathway. By recruiting 257 individuals with disabilities and 258 individuals without disabilities, we found that task-oriented psychological capital mediated the relationship between private/public self-consciousness and career decision-making self-efficacy; however, these two indirect links were weaker for individuals with disabilities than individuals without disabilities, suggesting a moderating effect of disability status. Results are discussed in terms of the potential synergy between private/public self-consciousness and task-oriented psychological capital in the development of career decision-making self-efficacy among individuals with disabilities and individuals without disabilities.
{"title":"The relationship between self-consciousness and career decision-making self-efficacy in disabled and non-disabled people: Two moderated mediation models","authors":"Siyi Liu, Aitao Lu, Xiaodan Chen, Meifang Zhang, Chuqi Liu, Meirong Li","doi":"10.2298/psi210403014l","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/psi210403014l","url":null,"abstract":"A growing number of studies have focused on psychological factors involved in the career decisions made by individuals with disabilities. This study primarily investigated task-oriented psychological capital as the mediator of the relationship between private/public self-consciousness and career decision-making self-efficacy. Disability status was tested as a moderator of this mediational pathway. By recruiting 257 individuals with disabilities and 258 individuals without disabilities, we found that task-oriented psychological capital mediated the relationship between private/public self-consciousness and career decision-making self-efficacy; however, these two indirect links were weaker for individuals with disabilities than individuals without disabilities, suggesting a moderating effect of disability status. Results are discussed in terms of the potential synergy between private/public self-consciousness and task-oriented psychological capital in the development of career decision-making self-efficacy among individuals with disabilities and individuals without disabilities.","PeriodicalId":45301,"journal":{"name":"Psihologija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68658213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cyberchondria is excessive online seeking of health-related information followed by distress. We aimed to examine the effects of cyberchondria and the credibility of the health-related sources on recall, and to investigate cyberchondria as a mediator between health anxiety (HA) and recall. Participants (N = 194) read about an alleged disease from sources of various credibility (high, low, neutral), filled in the HA Questionnaire and the Short Cyberchondria Scale, and recalled the information. No effect of source credibility on recall was found. Participants with high cyberchondria recalled more information, even when HA was controlled. Better recall in high HA was mediated by cyberchondria. A direct effect of HA on recall was found only for distorted recall of health information. This indicates different recall patterns in people with high HA depending on their cyberchondria, probably due to elaborated health schemas in cyberchondria, and to the disregard of source credibility in persons with high HA and low cyberchondria.
{"title":"What is remembered?: The recall of health-related information in cyberchondria and health anxiety","authors":"Branka Bagarić, Marina Martinčević, Andrea Vranić","doi":"10.2298/psi220127019b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/psi220127019b","url":null,"abstract":"Cyberchondria is excessive online seeking of health-related information followed by distress. We aimed to examine the effects of cyberchondria and the credibility of the health-related sources on recall, and to investigate cyberchondria as a mediator between health anxiety (HA) and recall. Participants (N = 194) read about an alleged disease from sources of various credibility (high, low, neutral), filled in the HA Questionnaire and the Short Cyberchondria Scale, and recalled the information. No effect of source credibility on recall was found. Participants with high cyberchondria recalled more information, even when HA was controlled. Better recall in high HA was mediated by cyberchondria. A direct effect of HA on recall was found only for distorted recall of health information. This indicates different recall patterns in people with high HA depending on their cyberchondria, probably due to elaborated health schemas in cyberchondria, and to the disregard of source credibility in persons with high HA and low cyberchondria.","PeriodicalId":45301,"journal":{"name":"Psihologija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68658815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marina Janković-Nikolić, N. Glumbić, Tatjana Mentus-Kandic, P. Teovanović
The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between sex, empathy, systemizing, and autistic traits in primary school children. The sample included 353 primary school children aged 7-11 years. The children?s versions of the Empathy Quotient - EQ-C, Systemizing Quotient ? SQ-C, and children?s version of the Autism Spectrum Quotient ? AQ- C were used as primary outcome measures. Girls had higher empathy, while boys had higher autistic traits. Empathy and systemizing were moderately positively correlated, but both were good predictors of autistic traits. The effect of sex on autistic traits was mediated by empathy as well as by the difference between systemizing and empathy. These results partially support assumptions of the Empathizing-Systemizing theory and the Hypersystemizing theory of autism, which should be further evaluated in a population with the autism spectrum disorder.
{"title":"The relationship between sex, empathy, systemizing, and autistic traits in primary school children","authors":"Marina Janković-Nikolić, N. Glumbić, Tatjana Mentus-Kandic, P. Teovanović","doi":"10.2298/psi211113023j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/psi211113023j","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between sex, empathy, systemizing, and autistic traits in primary school children. The sample included 353 primary school children aged 7-11 years. The children?s versions of the Empathy Quotient - EQ-C, Systemizing Quotient ? SQ-C, and children?s version of the Autism Spectrum Quotient ? AQ- C were used as primary outcome measures. Girls had higher empathy, while boys had higher autistic traits. Empathy and systemizing were moderately positively correlated, but both were good predictors of autistic traits. The effect of sex on autistic traits was mediated by empathy as well as by the difference between systemizing and empathy. These results partially support assumptions of the Empathizing-Systemizing theory and the Hypersystemizing theory of autism, which should be further evaluated in a population with the autism spectrum disorder.","PeriodicalId":45301,"journal":{"name":"Psihologija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68659185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Many studies have reported that bottom-up multisensory integration of visual, tactile, and proprioceptive information can distort our sense of body-ownership, producing rubber hand illusion (RHI). There is less evidence about when and how the body-ownership is distorted in the brain during RHI. To examine whether this illusion effect occurs preattentively at an early stage of processing, we monitored the visual mismatch negativity (vMMN) component (the index of automatic deviant detection) and N2 (the index for conflict monitoring). Participants first performed an RHI elicitation task in a synchronous or asynchronous setting and then finished a passive visual oddball task in which the deviant stimuli were unrelated to the explicit task. A significant interaction between Deviancy (deviant hand vs. standard hand) and Group (synchronous vs. asynchronous) was found. The asynchronous group showed clear mismatch effects in both vMMN and N2, while the synchronous group had such effect only in N2. The results indicate that after the elicitation of RHI bottom-up integration could be retrieved at the early stage of sensory processing before top-down processing, providing evidence for the priority of the bottom-up processes after the generation of RHI and revealing the mechanism of how the body-ownership is unconsciously distorted in the brain.
{"title":"The body-ownership is unconsciously distorted in the brain: An event-related potential study of rubber hand illusion","authors":"Aitao Lu, Xuebin Wang, Xiuxiu Hong, Tianhua Song, Meifang Zhang, Xin Huang","doi":"10.2298/psi210126002l","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/psi210126002l","url":null,"abstract":"Many studies have reported that bottom-up multisensory integration of visual, tactile, and proprioceptive information can distort our sense of body-ownership, producing rubber hand illusion (RHI). There is less evidence about when and how the body-ownership is distorted in the brain during RHI. To examine whether this illusion effect occurs preattentively at an early stage of processing, we monitored the visual mismatch negativity (vMMN) component (the index of automatic deviant detection) and N2 (the index for conflict monitoring). Participants first performed an RHI elicitation task in a synchronous or asynchronous setting and then finished a passive visual oddball task in which the deviant stimuli were unrelated to the explicit task. A significant interaction between Deviancy (deviant hand vs. standard hand) and Group (synchronous vs. asynchronous) was found. The asynchronous group showed clear mismatch effects in both vMMN and N2, while the synchronous group had such effect only in N2. The results indicate that after the elicitation of RHI bottom-up integration could be retrieved at the early stage of sensory processing before top-down processing, providing evidence for the priority of the bottom-up processes after the generation of RHI and revealing the mechanism of how the body-ownership is unconsciously distorted in the brain.","PeriodicalId":45301,"journal":{"name":"Psihologija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68657797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this study is to evaluate the convergent and operational validity of a modified Latvian personality inventory (LPA-3, Perepjolkina, 2014) with a multidimensional forced-choice answer format (LMFI). Using three samples, a validity study of the LMFI was conducted. Convergent validity was evaluated by examining the relations between LMFI on one side and the Big Five Inventory (BFI) and the Machiavellianism scale on the other. Operational validity was evaluated by examining the relations with assessments of subjective job performance, counterproductive work performance and with a measure of scholarly significance. The results show good convergent and operational validity for five of the six LMFI factors. The Honesty-Humility measure still needs to be improved. In the future, predictive and discriminant validation studies should be conducted with more representative Latvian samples.
{"title":"Testing the validity of a Latvian multidimensional forced-choice personality inventory","authors":"L. Berga, I. Austers","doi":"10.2298/psi220307031b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/psi220307031b","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to evaluate the convergent and operational validity of a modified Latvian personality inventory (LPA-3, Perepjolkina, 2014) with a multidimensional forced-choice answer format (LMFI). Using three samples, a validity study of the LMFI was conducted. Convergent validity was evaluated by examining the relations between LMFI on one side and the Big Five Inventory (BFI) and the Machiavellianism scale on the other. Operational validity was evaluated by examining the relations with assessments of subjective job performance, counterproductive work performance and with a measure of scholarly significance. The results show good convergent and operational validity for five of the six LMFI factors. The Honesty-Humility measure still needs to be improved. In the future, predictive and discriminant validation studies should be conducted with more representative Latvian samples.","PeriodicalId":45301,"journal":{"name":"Psihologija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68658847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Two preregistered quasi-experiments disentangled the effects of selfish genes and selfish memes on participants? self-reported willingness to help in hypothetical everyday-favor and life-or-death situations. Memes were operationalized as the perceived level of similarity in important attitudes and values between the person participating in the study and a selected target person, assessed and reported by the participant. In Study 1 (N = 761), altruism was highest for siblings, and then for cousins and nonkin; greater memetic similarity was also associated with greater altruism; and the interaction between the factors was not significant. In Study 2 (N = 841), conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic, altruism was highest for siblings, but the same for cousins and nonkin; the effect of memetic similarity was replicated; and the interaction term remained insignificant. Both studies controlled for a range of demographic and social relationship characteristics, suggesting a potentially relevant role of future contact probability and emotional closeness. We propose that, similarly to gene selfishness, meme selfishness can also bring about altruism: individuals would rather make a personal sacrifice to help memetically similar than dissimilar others because similar others have a higher chance of spreading the helper?s memes.
{"title":"Selfish genes or selfish memes: The effect of genetic relatedness versus value similarity on altruism","authors":"A. Baucal, A. Lazić","doi":"10.2298/psi211107009b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/psi211107009b","url":null,"abstract":"Two preregistered quasi-experiments disentangled the effects of selfish genes and selfish memes on participants? self-reported willingness to help in hypothetical everyday-favor and life-or-death situations. Memes were operationalized as the perceived level of similarity in important attitudes and values between the person participating in the study and a selected target person, assessed and reported by the participant. In Study 1 (N = 761), altruism was highest for siblings, and then for cousins and nonkin; greater memetic similarity was also associated with greater altruism; and the interaction between the factors was not significant. In Study 2 (N = 841), conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic, altruism was highest for siblings, but the same for cousins and nonkin; the effect of memetic similarity was replicated; and the interaction term remained insignificant. Both studies controlled for a range of demographic and social relationship characteristics, suggesting a potentially relevant role of future contact probability and emotional closeness. We propose that, similarly to gene selfishness, meme selfishness can also bring about altruism: individuals would rather make a personal sacrifice to help memetically similar than dissimilar others because similar others have a higher chance of spreading the helper?s memes.","PeriodicalId":45301,"journal":{"name":"Psihologija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68659049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the current study, we explored the links between social networking activity, eating attitudes (EA), anxiety, and depression among adolescents. We used a cross-sectional design. Our sample consisted of 532 males and females, aged 12 to 15 (M = 13.55, SD = 0.90), from the Eastern side of Romania. We analyzed our data using three different pathways to explore these relationships on the overall sample, as well as the at-risk for eating disorders (ED) group (n = 134), and the non-ED-risk (n = 398) samples. The results suggested that depressive and anxiety symptoms partially mediated the relationship between social networking and eating attitudes in the overall group and in the not-at-risk for ED group, but not in the at-risk for ED sample. When controlling for gender, social networking use partially mediated the relationship between anxiety and depressive symptoms and eating attitudes in the overall group and the not-at-risk for ED group, and a total mediating effect within this relationship in the at-risk ED sample was also found. In adolescents with symptoms of potential ED, social networking use seemed to have a protective role compared to the not-at-risk sample. The present study suggested that social networking use might increase the chances of developing unhealthy eating attitudes in adolescents who are not-at risk to develop an eating disorder, but, at the same time, it might play a protective role (instead of a harmful one) for adolescents who already developed such symptoms. Results are discussed concerning their clinical and practical implication for adolescents' physical and mental health, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the potential protective role of social media use for adolescents with ED symptoms.
{"title":"The light and the dark side of social media use: Depression, anxiety, and eating attitudes among adolescents","authors":"Alois Gherguț, A. Maftei, Ana Grigore Nicoleta","doi":"10.2298/psi210516001g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/psi210516001g","url":null,"abstract":"In the current study, we explored the links between social networking activity, eating attitudes (EA), anxiety, and depression among adolescents. We used a cross-sectional design. Our sample consisted of 532 males and females, aged 12 to 15 (M = 13.55, SD = 0.90), from the Eastern side of Romania. We analyzed our data using three different pathways to explore these relationships on the overall sample, as well as the at-risk for eating disorders (ED) group (n = 134), and the non-ED-risk (n = 398) samples. The results suggested that depressive and anxiety symptoms partially mediated the relationship between social networking and eating attitudes in the overall group and in the not-at-risk for ED group, but not in the at-risk for ED sample. When controlling for gender, social networking use partially mediated the relationship between anxiety and depressive symptoms and eating attitudes in the overall group and the not-at-risk for ED group, and a total mediating effect within this relationship in the at-risk ED sample was also found. In adolescents with symptoms of potential ED, social networking use seemed to have a protective role compared to the not-at-risk sample. The present study suggested that social networking use might increase the chances of developing unhealthy eating attitudes in adolescents who are not-at risk to develop an eating disorder, but, at the same time, it might play a protective role (instead of a harmful one) for adolescents who already developed such symptoms. Results are discussed concerning their clinical and practical implication for adolescents' physical and mental health, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the potential protective role of social media use for adolescents with ED symptoms.","PeriodicalId":45301,"journal":{"name":"Psihologija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68657932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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