T. Jovanović, Bojana Bodroža, Lisa J. Orchard, C. Fullwood, H. Kermani, S. Casale, G. Fioravanti, I. Buljan, Darko Hren
The Psycho-Social Aspects of Facebook Use (PSAFU) scale was developed by Bodroza and Jovanovic (2016) to comprehensively measure psychological and social aspects of the users? Facebook (FB) experiences i.e. compensatory use of FB, self-presentation on FB, socializing, and seeking sexual partners through FB, FB addiction, and FB profile as the virtual self. The scale was previously validated on two Serbian samples. The aim of this study was to examine the validity of the PSAFU scale across multiple cultures, i.e. develop a version of the scale that would be suitable for the cross-cultural study of FB behaviors. The sample consisted of 1.632 respondents from Croatia, Italy, Iran, Serbia, and the UK. Administered questionnaires consisted of the PSAFU scale (Bodroza & Jovanovic, 2016), the Big Five Inventory (BFI; John et al., 1991), the Narcissistic Personality Inventory 16 (NPI-16; Ames et al., 2006), socio-demographic, and FB use questions (e.g., time spent on FB on a daily basis, frequency of posting, and number of FB friends). After some modifications and exclusion of the Virtual Self scale, the results of multigroup confirmatory factor analysis show that the PSAFU scale is cross-culturally invariant for the cultures included in this study and suitable for use in them. The remaining dimensions of revised PSAFU scale (PSAFU-R) have statistically significant relationships with measured personality traits and with indicators of FB use, although considerable cross-cultural variations were obtained.
Facebook使用的心理-社会方面(PSAFU)量表是由Bodroza和Jovanovic(2016)开发的，用于综合衡量用户的心理和社会方面。Facebook的体验包括:代偿性使用Facebook、在Facebook上的自我呈现、社交、通过Facebook寻找性伴侣、Facebook成瘾、以及作为虚拟自我的Facebook档案。该量表先前在两个塞尔维亚样本上进行了验证。本研究的目的是检验PSAFU量表在多文化中的有效性，即开发一种适用于FB行为跨文化研究的量表。样本包括来自克罗地亚、意大利、伊朗、塞尔维亚和英国的1632名受访者。管理问卷包括PSAFU量表(Bodroza & Jovanovic, 2016)、大五量表(BFI;John et al.， 1991)，自恋人格量表16 (NPI-16;Ames et al.， 2006)、社会人口统计学和facebook使用问题(例如，每天在facebook上花费的时间、发帖频率和facebook好友数量)。在对虚拟自我量表进行一些修改和排除后，多组验证性因子分析的结果表明，PSAFU量表对于本研究所包括的文化具有跨文化不变性，适合在这些文化中使用。修订后的PSAFU量表(PSAFU- r)的其余维度与测量的人格特征和FB使用指标有统计学显著的关系，尽管获得了相当大的跨文化差异。
{"title":"Cross-cultural validity of the psycho-social aspects of Facebook Use (PSAFU) scale","authors":"T. Jovanović, Bojana Bodroža, Lisa J. Orchard, C. Fullwood, H. Kermani, S. Casale, G. Fioravanti, I. Buljan, Darko Hren","doi":"10.2298/psi210702013j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/psi210702013j","url":null,"abstract":"The Psycho-Social Aspects of Facebook Use (PSAFU) scale was developed by Bodroza and Jovanovic (2016) to comprehensively measure psychological and social aspects of the users? Facebook (FB) experiences i.e. compensatory use of FB, self-presentation on FB, socializing, and seeking sexual partners through FB, FB addiction, and FB profile as the virtual self. The scale was previously validated on two Serbian samples. The aim of this study was to examine the validity of the PSAFU scale across multiple cultures, i.e. develop a version of the scale that would be suitable for the cross-cultural study of FB behaviors. The sample consisted of 1.632 respondents from Croatia, Italy, Iran, Serbia, and the UK. Administered questionnaires consisted of the PSAFU scale (Bodroza & Jovanovic, 2016), the Big Five Inventory (BFI; John et al., 1991), the Narcissistic Personality Inventory 16 (NPI-16; Ames et al., 2006), socio-demographic, and FB use questions (e.g., time spent on FB on a daily basis, frequency of posting, and number of FB friends). After some modifications and exclusion of the Virtual Self scale, the results of multigroup confirmatory factor analysis show that the PSAFU scale is cross-culturally invariant for the cultures included in this study and suitable for use in them. The remaining dimensions of revised PSAFU scale (PSAFU-R) have statistically significant relationships with measured personality traits and with indicators of FB use, although considerable cross-cultural variations were obtained.","PeriodicalId":45301,"journal":{"name":"Psihologija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68658636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Milica Lazić, Stanislava Marić-Jurišin, Borka D. Malčić
This study explored the factor structure of the short form of the Teachers? Sense of Efficacy Scale (TSES-Sf) using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), and Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM), as well as bifactor models based on these two approaches. A total of 295 elementary level teachers (80% females) completed measures of interest for this research. The bifactor-ESEM model provided the best fit to the data. The data revealed that a strong general factor of teachers' self-efficacy underpins responses to all TSES-Sf items, however, self-efficacy in student engagement and self-efficacy in classroom management had significant specificity after partialling out the general factor. On the other hand, self-efficacy in instructional strategies items loaded primarily on the general factor and showed low specificity over and above the general factor. This study reviews the previous conclusions about the criterion validity of TSES-Sf and proposes bifactor models as a useful framework for evaluating the structural validity of this scale.
{"title":"Examining the factor structure of the teachers’ sense of efficacy scale - short form in a Serbian sample of elementary-level teachers: A bifactor-ESEM approach","authors":"Milica Lazić, Stanislava Marić-Jurišin, Borka D. Malčić","doi":"10.2298/psi210927032l","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/psi210927032l","url":null,"abstract":"This study explored the factor structure of the short form of the Teachers? Sense of Efficacy Scale (TSES-Sf) using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), and Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM), as well as bifactor models based on these two approaches. A total of 295 elementary level teachers (80% females) completed measures of interest for this research. The bifactor-ESEM model provided the best fit to the data. The data revealed that a strong general factor of teachers' self-efficacy underpins responses to all TSES-Sf items, however, self-efficacy in student engagement and self-efficacy in classroom management had significant specificity after partialling out the general factor. On the other hand, self-efficacy in instructional strategies items loaded primarily on the general factor and showed low specificity over and above the general factor. This study reviews the previous conclusions about the criterion validity of TSES-Sf and proposes bifactor models as a useful framework for evaluating the structural validity of this scale.","PeriodicalId":45301,"journal":{"name":"Psihologija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68658654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The general purpose of this studyis to validatethe Turkish version of the short form of Self- Compassion Scale by Ant Colony Optimization. For this purpose, data were collected from two different samples. Sample-1 (N=398) and Sample-2 (N=233) consist of young and middle-aged adults. Short form was created by selecting the most suitable items for unidimensional, two-factor correlated, six-factor correlated, six-factor higher-order, bifactor- CFA and bifactor-ESEM factor structures over Sample-1, and Confirmatory Factor Analysis and omega reliability findings were obtained. After the determination of the bifactor-ESEM with Sample-1 as the best factor structure, the model data fits and reliability indices of the relevant factor structure were cross-validatedon Sample-2. Strict measurement invariance was establishedbetween age groups. The results indicate that the SCS-SF developed in this studyis a valid and reliable measurement tool with a bifactor-ESEM structure with 12 items, 6 specific factors, and a general factor.
{"title":"A validation study of the self-compassion scale-short form (SCS-SF) with ant colony optimization in a Turkish sample","authors":"E. Koğar, Hakan Koğar","doi":"10.2298/psi211127015k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/psi211127015k","url":null,"abstract":"The general purpose of this studyis to validatethe Turkish version of the short form of Self- Compassion Scale by Ant Colony Optimization. For this purpose, data were collected from two different samples. Sample-1 (N=398) and Sample-2 (N=233) consist of young and middle-aged adults. Short form was created by selecting the most suitable items for unidimensional, two-factor correlated, six-factor correlated, six-factor higher-order, bifactor- CFA and bifactor-ESEM factor structures over Sample-1, and Confirmatory Factor Analysis and omega reliability findings were obtained. After the determination of the bifactor-ESEM with Sample-1 as the best factor structure, the model data fits and reliability indices of the relevant factor structure were cross-validatedon Sample-2. Strict measurement invariance was establishedbetween age groups. The results indicate that the SCS-SF developed in this studyis a valid and reliable measurement tool with a bifactor-ESEM structure with 12 items, 6 specific factors, and a general factor.","PeriodicalId":45301,"journal":{"name":"Psihologija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68658745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study aimed to evaluate how PTSD symptomatology and general daily stress predict anxious driving behavior. A sample of 119 drivers in their first year since obtaining a driving license who were implicated in a minor or major car crash (caused by them or as a victim/witness) in the last year participated in this study (50.9% men, Mage = 23.78, SD = 5.47). The participants completed scales for measuring PTSD symptoms, driving stress dimensions (i.e., aggression, dislike of driving, hazard monitoring, proneness to fatigue, and thrill-seeking), and anxious driving behavior dimensions (i.e., performance deficits, exaggerated safety behavior, and hostile behavior). The results indicated that aggression positively predicted hostile behavior, while dislike of driving was a positive predictor for performance deficits and a negative predictor for hostile behavior. Thrill-seeking and proneness to fatigue positively predicted performance deficits. The theoretical and practical implications of these results are discussed.
{"title":"PTSD symptoms, driving stress, and anxious driving behavior among novice drivers","authors":"Mălina Corlătianu, C. Măirean, A. Maftei","doi":"10.2298/psi220616035c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/psi220616035c","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed to evaluate how PTSD symptomatology and general daily stress predict anxious driving behavior. A sample of 119 drivers in their first year since obtaining a driving license who were implicated in a minor or major car crash (caused by them or as a victim/witness) in the last year participated in this study (50.9% men, Mage = 23.78, SD = 5.47). The participants completed scales for measuring PTSD symptoms, driving stress dimensions (i.e., aggression, dislike of driving, hazard monitoring, proneness to fatigue, and thrill-seeking), and anxious driving behavior dimensions (i.e., performance deficits, exaggerated safety behavior, and hostile behavior). The results indicated that aggression positively predicted hostile behavior, while dislike of driving was a positive predictor for performance deficits and a negative predictor for hostile behavior. Thrill-seeking and proneness to fatigue positively predicted performance deficits. The theoretical and practical implications of these results are discussed.","PeriodicalId":45301,"journal":{"name":"Psihologija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68659624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study explores differences between more and less competent peers in joint problem-solving dialogues, related to opposite interaction outcomes of more competent students (progression/regression). Ten asymmetrical peer dyads were selected from 47 dyads participating in the previous study: five in which more competent (MC) student progressed the most, and five in which MC students regressed the most after a post-test. Ten dialogue characteristics were established in 50 conversations of these dyads. Cluster analysis revealed two dialogue types associated with different interaction outcomes of MC students. In the first one, MC students justified correct answers but behaved inconsistently with their higher competences. The second cluster characterizes domination-submissiveness pattern and MC students? unwillingness to justify opinion. All regressing MC students participated in the first dialogue type and 56% of progressing MC students in the second. Qualitative analysis of the conversations typical for extracted clusters implies that although ready to provide arguments to their peers when they can, regressing MC students exhibit uncertainty, thereby losing from interaction. Progressing MC students seem to protect themselves against possible interaction disturbances by dominant attitude and withdrawal from communication.
{"title":"Why more competent adolescents advance or regress after assymetrical peer interaction: Studying dialogue characteristics that make a difference","authors":"Ivana Stepanović-Ilić","doi":"10.2298/psi200511004s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/psi200511004s","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores differences between more and less competent peers in joint problem-solving dialogues, related to opposite interaction outcomes of more competent students (progression/regression). Ten asymmetrical peer dyads were selected from 47 dyads participating in the previous study: five in which more competent (MC) student progressed the most, and five in which MC students regressed the most after a post-test. Ten dialogue characteristics were established in 50 conversations of these dyads. Cluster analysis revealed two dialogue types associated with different interaction outcomes of MC students. In the first one, MC students justified correct answers but behaved inconsistently with their higher competences. The second cluster characterizes domination-submissiveness pattern and MC students? unwillingness to justify opinion. All regressing MC students participated in the first dialogue type and 56% of progressing MC students in the second. Qualitative analysis of the conversations typical for extracted clusters implies that although ready to provide arguments to their peers when they can, regressing MC students exhibit uncertainty, thereby losing from interaction. Progressing MC students seem to protect themselves against possible interaction disturbances by dominant attitude and withdrawal from communication.","PeriodicalId":45301,"journal":{"name":"Psihologija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68655632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The relationship between tourists' emotional experience and perception of destination brand personality, has not been empirically explored before. Moreover, there is a literature gap in understanding how emotional experience, destination personality, destination satisfaction, and behavioral intentions, interact together in one model. Based on this, the principal aim of this study is to analyze how tourists? emotional experience affects the perception of destination personality traits, as well as how these two constructs relate to tourists? satisfaction and behavioral intentions. In order to explore this, the survey was conducted on a sample of 203 domestic and international tourists, who have visited the city of Novi Sad, while Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was applied to test the hypothesized model. The results confirmed the positive role of emotional experience in shaping destination personality and destination satisfaction. Destination satisfaction and certain personality traits positively predicted behavioral intentions. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed in the paper.
{"title":"Exploring the relationship between tourists’ emotional experience, destination personality perception, satisfaction and behavioral intentions","authors":"S. Kovačić, Ivana Šagovnović","doi":"10.2298/psi210626025k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/psi210626025k","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between tourists' emotional experience and perception of destination brand personality, has not been empirically explored before. Moreover, there is a literature gap in understanding how emotional experience, destination personality, destination satisfaction, and behavioral intentions, interact together in one model. Based on this, the principal aim of this study is to analyze how tourists? emotional experience affects the perception of destination personality traits, as well as how these two constructs relate to tourists? satisfaction and behavioral intentions. In order to explore this, the survey was conducted on a sample of 203 domestic and international tourists, who have visited the city of Novi Sad, while Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was applied to test the hypothesized model. The results confirmed the positive role of emotional experience in shaping destination personality and destination satisfaction. Destination satisfaction and certain personality traits positively predicted behavioral intentions. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed in the paper.","PeriodicalId":45301,"journal":{"name":"Psihologija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68658568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present research investigated the COVID-19 representation and its implications on children's psychological health. We used multiple perspectives to explore this issue, i.e., children's (N = 50, age range 8 ? 10), parents' (N = 100, age range 28 ? 54), and teachers' (N = 2, age 22 and 26) viewpoints, in a short longitudinal approach (Time 1 - November 2020, Time 2 - December 2020), during one of the most critical COVID-19 periods in Romania. We assumed similar patterns between parents' and children?s representations of the COVID-19 pandemic, and our qualitative analyses confirmed this assumption. Next, our findings suggested that children?s higher levels of fear of COVID-19 correlated with higher anxiety levels at Time 1; meanwhile, at Time 2, children?s fear of COVID-19 significantly correlated with their well-being, which might indicate the potentially protective role of fear of COVID-19 through perceived threat. At Time 1, children?s self-reported measures of anxiety were significantly associated with parents? and teachers? perceived anxiety. At Time 2, teachers? perceived anxiety concerning their students was not associated with children?s self-reported levels, as were their parents. Finally, at Time 1 (but not at Time 2), children?s fear of COVID-19 moderated the link between anxiety and children?s well-being. Results also suggested a partial mediating effect of parents? fear of COVID-19 on the relationship between children?s fear of COVID-19 and well-being at Time 2, but not at Time 1. Finally, our results suggested that focusing on the future did not significantly impact children?s well-being, fear of COVID, or anxiety. However, children who wrote in their diaries focusing on present behaviors and emotions reported significantly higher anxiety levels at Time 2 compared to Time 1. We discuss our results concerning their practical implications in the 2020-2022 COVID-19 pandemic at personal, family, and educational levels.
{"title":"The COVID-19 representation and implications for children's well-being: A three-way perspective","authors":"A. Maftei, Maria-Mălina Olariu","doi":"10.2298/psi211130030m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/psi211130030m","url":null,"abstract":"The present research investigated the COVID-19 representation and its implications on children's psychological health. We used multiple perspectives to explore this issue, i.e., children's (N = 50, age range 8 ? 10), parents' (N = 100, age range 28 ? 54), and teachers' (N = 2, age 22 and 26) viewpoints, in a short longitudinal approach (Time 1 - November 2020, Time 2 - December 2020), during one of the most critical COVID-19 periods in Romania. We assumed similar patterns between parents' and children?s representations of the COVID-19 pandemic, and our qualitative analyses confirmed this assumption. Next, our findings suggested that children?s higher levels of fear of COVID-19 correlated with higher anxiety levels at Time 1; meanwhile, at Time 2, children?s fear of COVID-19 significantly correlated with their well-being, which might indicate the potentially protective role of fear of COVID-19 through perceived threat. At Time 1, children?s self-reported measures of anxiety were significantly associated with parents? and teachers? perceived anxiety. At Time 2, teachers? perceived anxiety concerning their students was not associated with children?s self-reported levels, as were their parents. Finally, at Time 1 (but not at Time 2), children?s fear of COVID-19 moderated the link between anxiety and children?s well-being. Results also suggested a partial mediating effect of parents? fear of COVID-19 on the relationship between children?s fear of COVID-19 and well-being at Time 2, but not at Time 1. Finally, our results suggested that focusing on the future did not significantly impact children?s well-being, fear of COVID, or anxiety. However, children who wrote in their diaries focusing on present behaviors and emotions reported significantly higher anxiety levels at Time 2 compared to Time 1. We discuss our results concerning their practical implications in the 2020-2022 COVID-19 pandemic at personal, family, and educational levels.","PeriodicalId":45301,"journal":{"name":"Psihologija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68658762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The new coronavirus global pandemic has caused accelerated and emerging changes in the labor market, including increased unemployment. We examined the associations between employability beliefs and career exploration self-efficacy of 1585 unemployed adult workers, in Portugal, who lost their job after COVID-19. Participants completed measures of employability beliefs consistent with striving, proactivity, flexibility, acceptance of challenges, optimism and autonomy dispositions, and of career exploration self-efficacy. Using multiple linear regression analyses, we found that employability dispositional beliefs established significant positive associations with career exploration self-efficacy, especially autonomy, striving and optimism. Implications of these findings for future research and practice are considered.
{"title":"Coping with unemployment in COVID-19: The role of employability beliefs in exploration self-efficacy","authors":"Céu do, Ana Silva, S. Pereira","doi":"10.2298/psi210515034c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/psi210515034c","url":null,"abstract":"The new coronavirus global pandemic has caused accelerated and emerging changes in the labor market, including increased unemployment. We examined the associations between employability beliefs and career exploration self-efficacy of 1585 unemployed adult workers, in Portugal, who lost their job after COVID-19. Participants completed measures of employability beliefs consistent with striving, proactivity, flexibility, acceptance of challenges, optimism and autonomy dispositions, and of career exploration self-efficacy. Using multiple linear regression analyses, we found that employability dispositional beliefs established significant positive associations with career exploration self-efficacy, especially autonomy, striving and optimism. Implications of these findings for future research and practice are considered.","PeriodicalId":45301,"journal":{"name":"Psihologija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68657856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Previous findings show that rats in a maze tend to choose the shortest path to reach food. But it is not clear whether this choice is based on path length solely, or some other factors. The aim of this experiment was to investigate which factor dominates the behavior in a maze: path (longer and shorter), time (longer and shorter), or effort (more or less strenuous). The experiment involved 40 mice (4 groups), learning a maze with two paths. Each group went through only one of the situations within which we kept one factor constant on two paths while the remaining two factors were varied. Only in the fourth situation all factors were equalized. The results show that there is a statistically significant difference in the maze path preference between four situations. Preference between the paths is such that mice always choose paths requiring less effort.
{"title":"The time, the path, its length and strenuousness in maze learning","authors":"S. Kostic, O. Tošković","doi":"10.2298/psi210301005k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/psi210301005k","url":null,"abstract":"Previous findings show that rats in a maze tend to choose the shortest path to reach food. But it is not clear whether this choice is based on path length solely, or some other factors. The aim of this experiment was to investigate which factor dominates the behavior in a maze: path (longer and shorter), time (longer and shorter), or effort (more or less strenuous). The experiment involved 40 mice (4 groups), learning a maze with two paths. Each group went through only one of the situations within which we kept one factor constant on two paths while the remaining two factors were varied. Only in the fourth situation all factors were equalized. The results show that there is a statistically significant difference in the maze path preference between four situations. Preference between the paths is such that mice always choose paths requiring less effort.","PeriodicalId":45301,"journal":{"name":"Psihologija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68658045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
During the 2020-2022 COVID-19 global pandemic many researchers had to adopt or switch to online testing, which emphasized the need for ensuring measurement equivalence across different administration methods. The aim of this study was to determine whether gender stereotype measure (VGSA scale; Vocational Gender Stereotype Attitudes Scale) is equivalent in two different computer-based administration modes: supervised in-class and unsupervised at-home web survey. In-class web survey participants were 219 primary (11 to 16 years old; M = 12.97; SD = 1.16) and 195 secondary (15 to 19 years old; M = 16.78; SD = 0.96) school students that were surveyed in the group setting during a regular school day in their computer classrooms while the researcher was present in the room. At-home web survey participants were 144 primary (10 to 15 years old; M = 11.60; SD = 1.43) and 212 secondary (14 to 19 years old; M = 16.78; SD = 1.22) school students that were surveyed individually through the web link in their homes that was administered to them via the school administration. Results confirmed VGSA scale?s high internal reliability (?in-class = .89; ?at-home = .92), expected bi-factor structure (?2in-class (12) = 22.56, p = .032; ?2at-home(12) = 17.24, p = .141), and scalar measurement invariance across administration methods (??2(21) = 49.05, p < .001; ?CFI = -.003; ?TLI = -.001; ?RMSEA = .009; ?SRMR = .013).
{"title":"Measurement equivalence of two methods of online administration of the vocational gender stereotype attitudes scale (VGSA) - the supervised in-class and the unsupervised at-home scale administration method","authors":"Mirta Blažev","doi":"10.2298/psi210527022b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/psi210527022b","url":null,"abstract":"During the 2020-2022 COVID-19 global pandemic many researchers had to adopt or switch to online testing, which emphasized the need for ensuring measurement equivalence across different administration methods. The aim of this study was to determine whether gender stereotype measure (VGSA scale; Vocational Gender Stereotype Attitudes Scale) is equivalent in two different computer-based administration modes: supervised in-class and unsupervised at-home web survey. In-class web survey participants were 219 primary (11 to 16 years old; M = 12.97; SD = 1.16) and 195 secondary (15 to 19 years old; M = 16.78; SD = 0.96) school students that were surveyed in the group setting during a regular school day in their computer classrooms while the researcher was present in the room. At-home web survey participants were 144 primary (10 to 15 years old; M = 11.60; SD = 1.43) and 212 secondary (14 to 19 years old; M = 16.78; SD = 1.22) school students that were surveyed individually through the web link in their homes that was administered to them via the school administration. Results confirmed VGSA scale?s high internal reliability (?in-class = .89; ?at-home = .92), expected bi-factor structure (?2in-class (12) = 22.56, p = .032; ?2at-home(12) = 17.24, p = .141), and scalar measurement invariance across administration methods (??2(21) = 49.05, p < .001; ?CFI = -.003; ?TLI = -.001; ?RMSEA = .009; ?SRMR = .013).","PeriodicalId":45301,"journal":{"name":"Psihologija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68658471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：