China Geology最新文献_第5页

First discovery of Cretaceous tuffs in the Zhenyuan area, southwestern Ordos Basin, China: Constraints from zircon U-Pb dating 鄂尔多斯盆地西南部镇远地区首次发现白垩系凝灰岩：锆石U-Pb测年约束

IF 4.6 3区地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

China Geology

Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.31035/cg2023109

Yin Chen , Lu-lu Chen , Jian-guo Li , Hua-lei Zhao

引用次数: 0

Lithofacies palaeogeography, depositional model and shale gas potential evaluation in the O3-S1 Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation in the Sichuan Basin, China 四川盆地五峰组O3-S1岩相古地理、沉积模式及页岩气潜力评价

IF 4.6 3区地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

China Geology

Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.31035/cg20230015

Xiang-ying Ge , Chuan-long Mou , Xin Men , Qian Hou , Bin-song Zheng , Wei Liang

The black shales of Wufeng and Longmaxi Formation (Late Ordovician-Early Silurian period) in Sichuan Basin are the main strata for marine shale gas exploration, which have a yearly shale gas production of 228×10⁸ m³ and cumulative shale gas production of 919×10⁸ m³. According to the lithological and biological features, filling sequences, sedimentary structures and lab analysis, the authors divided the Wufeng /Guanyinqiao and Longmaxi Formations into shore, tidal flat, shoal, shallow water shelf and deep water shelf facies, and confirmed that a shallow water deposition between the two sets of shales. Although both Formations contain similar shales, their formation mechanisms differ. During the deposition of Wufeng shale, influenced by the Caledonian Movement, the Central Sichuan and Guizhou Uplifts led to the transformation of the Sichuan Basin into a back-bulge basin. Coinstantaneous volcanic activity provided significant nutrients, contributing to the deposition of Wufeng Formation black shales. In contrast, during the deposition of Longmaxi shale, collisions caused basement subsidence, melting glaciers raised sea levels, and renewed volcanic activity provided additional nutrients, leading to Longmaxi Formation black shale accumulation. Considering the basic sedimentary geology and shale gas characteristics, areas such as Suijiang-Leibo-Daguan, Luzhou-Zigong, Weirong-Yongchuan, and Nanchuan-Dingshan are identified as key prospects for future shale gas exploration in the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formations.

四川盆地五峰组和龙马溪组（晚奥陶世—早志留世）黑色页岩是海相页岩气勘探的主要层系，年页岩气产量228×108 m3，累计页岩气产量919×108 m3。根据岩性、生物特征、充填序列、沉积构造及实验室分析，将五峰组/观音桥组和龙马溪组划分为海岸相、潮滩相、滩相、浅水陆棚相和深水陆棚相，并确定两组页岩之间存在浅水沉积。虽然这两个组含有相似的页岩，但它们的形成机制不同。五峰页岩沉积时期，受加里东运动影响，川中和贵州隆升使四川盆地转变为后隆起盆地。同期火山活动为五峰组黑色页岩的沉积提供了重要的营养物质。而在龙马溪组页岩沉积过程中，碰撞导致基底沉降、冰川融化导致海平面上升、火山活动的更新提供了额外的营养物质，导致龙马溪组黑色页岩聚集。结合基本沉积地质和页岩气特征，确定了随江—雷波—大关、泸州—自贡、渭荣—永川、南川—顶山等地区为五峰组—龙马溪组页岩气勘探重点区。

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引用次数: 0

Geochronology, petrogenesis, and tectonic characteristics of a volcanic–intrusive complex on the northern margin of North China Craton and its limitation on the closing time of the Paleo-Asian Ocean (245 Ma) 华北克拉通北缘火山-侵入杂岩年代学、岩石成因及构造特征及其对古亚洲洋闭合时间（245 Ma）的限制

IF 4.6 3区地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

China Geology

Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.31035/cg2023090

Sen Wang , Hong-jie Qu , Shuan-hong Zhang , Huan Wang , Meng-ying Cai , Ge-xue Zhao

The Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) is one of the largest and best preserved accretionary type orogenic belts in the world. Due to its complex tectonic history, the timing and location of the final closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean and its tectonic evolution have been hotly discussed. To determine the petrogenesis and tectonic characteristics of the poorly exposed Triassic volcanic-intrusive complex on the northern margin of the eastern North China Craton, the authors conducted a study of zircon Lu-Hf isotopes, integrated with zircon U-Pb dating and whole-rock geochemistry. Zircons from eight representative volcanic and intrusive samples yielded concordant U-Pb ages of 251–245 Ma. The volcanic and intrusive rocks are all characterized by enrichments in large ion lithophile elements and depletions in high field strength elements, and they have features similar to those of highly fractionated I-type granites. The ε_Hf(t) values for the volcanic and intrusive rocks, respectively, range from –1.69 to +3.75 (mean=+1.22) and –2.17 to +3.15 (mean=+0.38), with two-stage model ages of 1035–1345 Ma (mean=1196 Ma) and 1073–1401 Ma (mean=1250 Ma). The Hf isotopic features indicate that these rocks were formed by partial melting of young crustal material that was newly accreted from the depleted mantle, together with a degree of contamination by other crustal material. The volcanic–intrusive complex was related to an active continental margin in a volcanic arc and syn-collisional setting, indicating that the Paleo-Asian Ocean was closed after the Middle Triassic (245 Ma) along the northern margin of the North China Craton. This provides a constraint on the timing of the change in tectonic setting in this area from compression to extension. The results enhance our understanding of the evolution of the Paleo-Asian Ocean.

中亚造山带是世界上规模最大、保存最完好的增生型造山带之一。由于其复杂的构造历史，古亚洲洋最终闭合的时间和位置及其构造演化一直是人们讨论的热点。为了确定华北克拉通东部北缘三叠纪火山-侵入杂岩的岩石成因和构造特征，结合锆石U-Pb定年和全岩地球化学研究，对其进行了锆石Lu-Hf同位素研究。8个具有代表性的火山和侵入样品的锆石U-Pb年龄在251 ~ 245 Ma之间。火山岩和侵入岩均以大离子亲石元素富集、高场强元素亏缺为特征，具有与高分选i型花岗岩相似的特征。火山岩和侵入岩的εHf(t)值分别为-1.69 ~ +3.75（平均值=+1.22）和-2.17 ~ +3.15（平均值=+0.38），两阶段模型年龄分别为1035 ~ 1345 Ma（平均值=1196 Ma）和1073 ~ 1401 Ma（平均值=1250 Ma）。Hf同位素特征表明，这些岩石是由从枯竭的地幔中新增加的年轻地壳物质的部分熔融以及其他地壳物质的一定程度的污染形成的。该火山-侵入杂岩体与火山弧和同碰撞环境下的活动大陆边缘有关，表明中三叠世（245 Ma）以后，古亚洲洋沿华北克拉通北缘闭合。这为该区构造环境由挤压向伸展转变的时间提供了约束。这些结果增强了我们对古亚洲海洋演化的理解。

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引用次数: 0

Landslide susceptibility assessment based on an interpretable coupled FR-RF model: A case study of Longyan City, Fujian Province, Southeast China 基于可解释FR-RF耦合模型的滑坡易感性评价——以福建省龙岩市为例

IF 4.6 3区地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

China Geology

Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.31035/cg2024123

Zong-yue Lu , Gen-yuan Liu , Xi-dong Zhao , Kang Sun , Yan-si Chen , Zhi-hong Song , Kai Xue , Ming-shan Yang

To enhance the prediction accuracy of landslides in in Longyan City, China, this study developed a methodology for geologic hazard susceptibility assessment based on a coupled model composed of a Geographic Information System (GIS) with integrated spatial data, a frequency ratio (FR) model, and a random forest (RF) model (also referred to as the coupled FR-RF model). The coupled FR-RF model was constructed based on the analysis of nine influential factors, including distance from roads, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and slope. The performance of the coupled FR-RF model was assessed using metrics such as Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) and Precision-Recall (PR) curves, yielding Area Under the Curve (AUC) values of 0.93 and 0.95, which indicate high predictive accuracy and reliability for geological hazard forecasting. Based on the model predictions, five susceptibility levels were determined in the study area, providing crucial spatial information for geologic hazard prevention and control. The contributions of various influential factors to landslide susceptibility were determined using SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis and the Gini index, enhancing the model interpretability and transparency. Additionally, this study discussed the limitations of the coupled FR-RF model and the prospects for its improvement using new technologies. This study provides an innovative method and theoretical support for geologic hazard prediction and management, holding promising prospects for application.

为提高龙岩市滑坡的预测精度，建立了一种基于空间数据集成地理信息系统（GIS）、频率比（FR）模型和随机森林（RF）模型（简称FR-RF耦合模型）的地质灾害易感性评价方法。在分析道路距离、归一化植被指数（NDVI）和坡度等9个影响因子的基础上，构建了FR-RF耦合模型。采用受试者工作特征（ROC）和精确召回率（PR）曲线对该耦合模型进行了评价，得到曲线下面积（AUC）分别为0.93和0.95，表明该模型具有较高的预测精度和可靠性。在模型预测的基础上，确定了研究区5个易感等级，为地质灾害防治提供了重要的空间信息。利用SHapley加性解释（SHAP）分析和基尼指数确定了各影响因素对滑坡易感性的贡献，提高了模型的可解释性和透明度。此外，本研究还讨论了耦合FR-RF模型的局限性以及使用新技术改进其前景。本研究为地质灾害预测与管理提供了一种创新的方法和理论支持，具有广阔的应用前景。

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引用次数: 0

Heavy metal pollution in water and soil and associated health risks in a tin mining region of Hunan Province, Central China 中国中部湖南省锡矿矿区水和土壤重金属污染及相关健康风险

IF 4.6 3区地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

China Geology

Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.31035/cg2023141

Lan Wang, Jian-feng Li, Xiu-wen Liu, Li-xiao Feng

To assess the effect of mining activity on heavy metal pollution and associated health risks in tin mining regions, water and soil sampling was conducted near a tin mining site in Hunan Province. The content and distribution of heavy metals were determined. Pollution, ecological risks, and potential health hazards were evaluated using the ground accumulation index, potential ecological risk index, and health risk assessment models, respectively. The results indicated elevated levels of heavy metals in water and soil samples compared to acceptable background values. Ground accumulation index assessment revealed extreme pollution of soil with As and Cd and moderate pollution with Cu, Pb, and Zn. Cr and Hg were categorized as non-pollutants. Water samples exhibited extreme pollution levels of Hg, Cr, Cd, and As; moderate pollution levels of Pb; and moderate to high pollution levels of Cu and Zn. The tin mining area demonstrated a significantly high level of potential ecological risk, where As and Cd were the primary risk elements in soil, whereas Cr, Cd, and As contributed predominantly to water ecological risk. The human health risk assessment highlighted As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb, and Cu in water and As and Pb in soil as the principal non-carcinogenic factors. The primary carcinogenic factors were As, Cr, and Cd in water and As in soil, with As posing the greatest risk for non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic effects. Furthermore, oral intake was the primary exposure route, with children being particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of heavy metal pollution.

为了评估采矿活动对锡矿矿区重金属污染和相关健康风险的影响，在湖南省锡矿矿区附近进行了水和土壤采样。测定了土壤中重金属的含量和分布。采用积土指数、潜在生态风险指数和健康风险评价模型，分别对污染、生态风险和潜在健康危害进行评价。结果显示，与可接受的背景值相比，水和土壤样本中的重金属含量有所上升。土壤堆积指数评价结果显示，As、Cd污染严重，Cu、Pb、Zn污染中度。铬和汞被归类为非污染物。水样中汞、铬、镉和砷的污染程度极高；中等污染水平的铅；铜和锌的污染程度中至高。锡矿矿区潜在生态风险水平显著高，土壤中As和Cd是主要的风险元素，而Cr、Cd和As是主要的水生态风险元素。人类健康风险评价强调水中的As、Cd、Cr、Hg、Pb和Cu以及土壤中的As和Pb是主要的非致癌因素。主要致癌因子为水中的砷、铬、镉和土壤中的砷，其中砷对非致癌性和致癌性的风险最大。此外，口服是主要的接触途径，儿童特别容易受到重金属污染的不利影响。

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引用次数: 0

Tight sandstone diageneses, evolution, and controls on high-graded reservoirs in slope zones of foreland basins: A case study of the fourth Member of Xujiahe Formation, Tianfu gas field, Sichuan Basin 前陆盆地斜坡带致密砂岩成岩作用、演化及对高阶储层的控制作用——以四川盆地天府气田须四段为例

IF 4.6 3区地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

China Geology

Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.31035/cg20230072

Zhi-min Jin , Ji-rong Xie , Zheng-lin Cao , Yu-chao Qiu , Chao Zheng , Liang-biao Lin , Yu Yu

The Triassic Xujiahe Formation in the slope zone of the Sichuan foreland basin is a new field of continental tight gas exploration in recent years. The fourth member of the Xujiahe Formation (Xu4 Member), the major interval in the Jianyang Block of the Tianfu gas field in the basin, is characterized by considerable buried depth, tight reservoirs, and strong heterogeneity. By using cast thin section, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fluid inclusion thermometry, and core analysis, the reservoir rock types, dominant diageneses, diagenetic history, and controls on high-graded reservoirs were investigated. It is found that the Xu4 Member in Jianyang mainly consists of lithic feldspar sandstones and feldspar lithic sandstones, followed by lithic quartz sandstones. High-energy hydrodynamic conditions in the microfacies of underwater distributary channels and mouth bars are beneficial to the preservation of primary pores and the occurrence of secondary pores, and there are no significant differences in petrophysical properties between these two microfacies. Compaction and calcareous cementation are the dominant controls on reservoir porosity decrease in the Xujiahe Formation; corrosion is the major contributor to porosity increase by generating secondary dissolved pores, e.g. intragranular dissolved pores and intergranular dissolved pores, as major reservoir space in the study area. Fracture zones around the faults inside the Xujiahe Formation (fourth−order faults) are favorable for proximal tight gas accumulation, preservation, and production. The research findings have been successfully applied to explore the Xujiahe Formation in the slope zone of the Sichuan foreland basin. They can be referential for other similar tight sandstone gas accumulations.

四川前陆盆地斜坡带三叠系须家河组是近年来陆相致密气勘探的新领域。须四段（须四段）是盆地天府气田简阳区块的主要层段，具有埋藏深度大、储层致密、非均质性强的特点。通过铸体薄片、x射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）、流体包裹体测温、岩心分析等手段，对储层岩石类型、优势成岩作用、成岩历史及控制因素进行了研究。发现建阳徐四段以岩屑长石砂岩和长石岩屑砂岩为主，其次为岩屑石英砂岩。水下分流河道和河口坝微相的高能水动力条件有利于原生孔隙的保存和次生孔隙的赋存，两微相岩石物性无显著差异。压实作用和钙质胶结作用是须家河组储层孔隙度减小的主要控制因素；腐蚀是孔隙度增加的主要原因，形成了次生溶孔，如粒内溶孔和粒间溶孔，成为研究区主要的储集空间。须家河组内部断层周围的断裂带（四级断裂）有利于近端致密气的聚集、保存和生产。研究成果已成功应用于四川前陆盆地斜坡带须家河组勘探。对其他类似致密砂岩气藏具有一定的参考价值。

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引用次数: 0

Distribution, types, metallogenic regularity and exploration potential analysis of zirconium deposit in China 中国锆矿床的分布、类型、成矿规律及找矿潜力分析

IF 4.6 3区地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

China Geology

Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.31035/cg2023098

Qiong-wen Liang , Yong-shen Li , Ying-cai Sun , De-gao Zhai , Hai-rui Sun , Shi-xu Zhou , Bang-lu Zhang , Xin Lü , Jin-chi Xu , Xue-feng Li , Yi-lun Du

Zirconium, prized for its exceptional corrosion resistance, high melting point, and unique nuclear properties, plays a critical role in multiple industrial sectors globally. Zirconium deposits are categorized into endogenetic and exogenetic types in China. Endogenetic deposits – including alkaline rock-, alkaline granite-, and pegmatite-type mineralizations – predominantly occur along the Tarim Craton's northern margin, the North China Craton, the southern Greater Khingan metallogenic belt, and the Yangtze Craton's western margin. Exogenetic deposits, comprising clastic sedimentary, weathering crust, and fragmentation types, are concentrated in South China's coastal zones. Endogenetic mineralization formed during Permian-Cretaceous magmatic-hydrothermal events linked to evolved alkaline granitic systems, while exogenetic deposits developed in Quaternary periods through weathering of zirconium-rich protoliths. However, economic extraction of endogenetic deposits remains constrained by rare earth element (REE) associations and radioactive complexities. Currently, China's most economically significant reserves derive from clastic sedimentary systems, particularly coastal placer deposits. This study systematically synthesizes the spatial distribution and metallogenic mechanisms of Chinese zirconium deposits, offering strategic insights for resource exploration and sustainable utilization.

锆因其优异的耐腐蚀性、高熔点和独特的核性能而备受推崇，在全球多个工业领域发挥着关键作用。中国的锆矿床可分为内生型和外生型。内生矿床主要分布在塔里木克拉通北缘、华北克拉通、大兴安岭成矿带南部和扬子克拉通西缘，包括碱性岩、碱性花岗岩和伟晶岩型成矿作用。外生矿床主要分布在华南沿海地区，包括碎屑沉积型、风化壳型和破碎型。二叠纪-白垩纪岩浆-热液事件形成的内生成矿作用与演化的碱性花岗岩体系有关，第四纪则是富锆原岩风化作用形成的外生矿床。然而，内生矿床的经济开采仍然受到稀土元素（REE）组合和放射性复杂性的限制。目前，中国最具经济意义的储量来自碎屑沉积体系，尤其是沿海砂矿。本研究系统地综合了中国锆矿床的空间分布和成矿机制，为资源勘探和可持续利用提供了战略见解。

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引用次数: 0

Genetic relationship between shell fossils and shale oil: A case study of Jurassic shale reservoir in the northeast Sichuan Basin 壳化石与页岩油的成因关系——以川东北侏罗系页岩储层为例

IF 4.6 3区地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

China Geology

Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.31035/cg2024221

Yong Ma , Cheng-yu Yang , Da-hua Li , Hong-wei Zhao , Zhe-jun Pan , Yong-shui Zhou , Dai-duo Zhu , Ning-ning Zhong

Benthic bivalves, the most widely distributed mollusks since the Mesozoic era, often inhabited environments where their fossilized remains are found adjacent to or intermingled with organic-rich shale. Recent Jurassic shale oil exploration in the Sichuan Basin has revealed that bioclastic layers, composed of abundant fossil bivalves and closely associated with shales and, exhibit significant hydrocarbon potentials. However, the microscopic structures of these bivalve fossils and their role in hydrocarbon storage and migration remain poorly understood. In this study, we characterized the microporosity of bivalve shells within the Middle-Lower Jurassic bioclastic shale in the northeastern Sichuan Basin using a combination of 2D imaging (thin section, SEM), 3D reconstruction (FIB-SEM), and permeability simulation. The micropores within the shell fossils range from 100 to 1000 nm in radius and are uniformly distributed in a grid-like pattern within the shell interior, where they host liquid hydrocarbons. The bioclastic carbonate layers exhibit an overall porosity of approximately 0.8%. Comparative analysis with extant bivalve shells suggests that these micropores represent residual pores from the nacreous brick wall structure. Due to the regular orientation of the shells and their microporous nacres, permeability coefficients along the long bivalve fossil axes are three to five times higher than those along the short axes. These residual micropores within the bioclastic fossil shells have a positive influence on both the storage and migration of shale oil and gas, making bioclastic fossil-bearing shalespromising sweet spots for shale oil and gas exploration in similar sedimentary environments.

底栖双壳类动物是自中生代以来分布最广泛的软体动物，它们的化石残骸经常生活在富含有机物的页岩附近或混杂的环境中。近期四川盆地侏罗系页岩油勘探发现，生物碎屑层具有丰富的双壳类化石，与页岩关系密切，具有重要的油气潜力。然而，这些双壳类化石的微观结构及其在油气储存和运移中的作用仍然知之甚少。本文采用二维成像（薄片、扫描电镜）、三维重建（FIB-SEM）和渗透率模拟相结合的方法，对川东北地区中下侏罗统生物碎屑页岩双壳壳微孔隙度进行了表征。壳化石中的微孔半径在100 ~ 1000nm之间，在壳内部呈网格状均匀分布，为液态烃的宿主。生物碎屑碳酸盐层整体孔隙度约为0.8%。与现存双壳类壳的对比分析表明，这些微孔是珠光砖壁结构的残余孔。由于双壳类化石及其微孔珍珠层取向规则，沿长双壳类化石轴的渗透系数比沿短双壳类化石轴的渗透系数高3 ~ 5倍。这些生物碎屑化石壳内的残余微孔对页岩油气的储集和运移都有积极的影响，使含生物碎屑化石页岩成为类似沉积环境下页岩油气勘探的有希望的“甜点”。

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引用次数: 0

Mesozoic superposed orogenic systems in eastern China 中国东部中生代叠合造山体系

IF 4.6 3区地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

China Geology

Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.31035/cg20250015

Ji-shun Ren, Jian-hui Liu, Jun-bin Zhu

The Indosinian and Yanshanian orogenic movements are both important Mesozoic orogenies in eastern China. The resulted tectonic belts are neither products of the third stage of crustal evolution, as proposed by Chen Guoda, nor intra-continental (or intraplate) orogenic belts generated by intraplate dynamics, as argued by some scholars —rather, they are superposed orogenic belts formed on the pre-existing continental crust in eastern China due to Mesozoic Paleo-Pacific dynamic system. In the past, these orogenic belts were called the marginal Pacific epicontinental activation belts of eastern China. In the Mesozoic, under the effect of Paleo-Pacific dynamic system, the East Asia margin orogenic system formed along Northeast Russia-Sikhote Alin (Russia)–Japan-Ryukyu-Taiwan (China)-Palawan (Philippines) regions, while simultaneously the Mesozoic superposed orogenic system formed in the pre-existing continental crust in eastern China adjacent to the East Asia continental margin. The two orogenic systems, both driven by Mesozoic Paleo-Pacific dynamic system, developed synchronously to form the giant Mesozoic orogenic system in the Pacific tectonic domain in eastern Asia, radically changing the pre-Indosian tectonic framework of the area.

印支造山运动和燕山造山运动都是中国东部中生代重要的造山运动。由此形成的构造带既不是陈国达所主张的第三阶段地壳演化的产物，也不是一些学者所主张的由板块内动力学产生的陆内（或板内）造山带，而是中生代古太平洋动力体系作用下在中国东部原有大陆地壳上叠加形成的造山带。这些造山带在过去被称为中国东部边缘太平洋陆表活化带。中生代，在古太平洋动力系统的作用下，沿俄罗斯东北部-西霍特-阿林（俄罗斯）-日本-琉球-台湾（中国）-菲律宾巴拉望地区形成了东亚边缘造山体系，同时在毗邻东亚大陆边缘的中国东部原有大陆地壳中形成了中生代叠加造山体系。这两大造山系均受中生代-古太平洋动力系统的驱动，在东亚太平洋构造域中同步发育，形成了巨大的中生代造山系，从根本上改变了该地区前印度构造格局。

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引用次数: 0

Synergistic effects of potassium-silicon-calcium mineral fertilizer combined with rice husk biochar on the immobilization of Cd and Pb in soil 钾硅钙矿物肥配稻壳生物炭对土壤镉、铅固定化的协同效应

IF 4.6 3区地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

China Geology

Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.31035/cg20230050

Cheng-jie Zou , Ze-ming Shi , Na Zhang , Ying-hai Zhu , Lü-han Yang , Xin-yu Wang

The combined application of mineral fertilizer and biochar significantly improves the passivation of heavy metal-contaminated soil, surpassing the effects of individual application. This study has reinforced the validation of their passivation competence as soil remediation agents by examining the multifaceted role of potassium-silicon-calcium mineral fertilizer combined with rice husk-based biochar generated at different pyrolysis temperatures. The soil leaching column experiment, conducted based on the adsorption experiments, has facilitated our scrutiny of the passivation impacts of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) when introducing different proportions of mineral fertilizers and biochar into the soil. These results indicate that biochar's adsorption efficiency for Cd and Pb is significantly improved at escalated pyrolytic temperature conditions in a single solution. The biochar generated at 700°C (C700) renders adsorption effectiveness of approximately 84.24% for Cd and 99.74% for Pb. Biochar conspicuously registers superior adsorption efficiency towards Pb relative to Cd. The mineral fertilizer, which achieves an adsorption efficiency of 97.76% for Cd, is identified as the main adsorbent for Cd, although its competence is slightly lower compared to C700 for Pb adsorption. Within a complex solution, biochar and mineral fertilizer show reduced Cd and Pb adsorption levels compared to single solutions. There is a keen competition for adsorption surfaces witnessed between Cd and Pb, with Pb's distribution coefficient (K_d) notably outpacing that of Cd. The isothermal adsorption analyses depict that the mineral fertilizer follows the Langmuir model for Cd adsorption, while C700 conveys the Freundlich model for Pb adsorption. The soil leaching column experiment's results signify that the composite passivation agents significantly outperform the individual passivation agents in efficiency. The combined application of biochar and mineral fertilizer minimizes the cumulative leaching of Cd and Pb, with the optimal soil remedy proportion for heavy metal contamination being 7∶3. In practical application, mindful consideration should be accorded to the deployment ratios of different passivation agents.

矿物肥与生物炭配施显著提高了重金属污染土壤的钝化效果，超过了单施的效果。本研究通过考察钾硅钙矿物肥料与稻壳生物炭在不同热解温度下的复合作用，进一步验证了它们作为土壤修复剂的钝化能力。土壤淋滤柱实验是在吸附实验的基础上进行的，便于我们考察不同比例的矿质肥料和生物炭对土壤中镉（Cd）和铅（Pb）的钝化影响。结果表明，在单溶液热解温度升高的条件下，生物炭对Cd和Pb的吸附效率显著提高。在700℃（C700）下生成的生物炭对Cd的吸附效率约为84.24%，对Pb的吸附效率约为99.74%。生物炭对Pb的吸附效率明显优于Cd。矿物肥对Cd的吸附效率为97.76%，是Cd的主要吸附剂，但其对Pb的吸附能力略低于C700。在复合溶液中，与单一溶液相比，生物炭和矿物肥对Cd和Pb的吸附水平降低。Cd和Pb在吸附表面的竞争非常激烈，Pb的分布系数（Kd）明显超过Cd。等温吸附分析表明，C700对Cd的吸附遵循Langmuir模型，而C700对Pb的吸附遵循Freundlich模型。土壤淋滤柱试验结果表明，复合钝化剂的效率明显优于单一钝化剂。生物炭与矿物肥配施可使Cd、Pb的累积淋失最小化，重金属污染土壤补救比例为7∶3。在实际应用中，应注意考虑不同钝化剂的调配比例。

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