Pub Date : 2021-07-30DOI: 10.3989/revindias.2021.009
Mariana C. Zinni
En 1661, durante la fiesta del Corpus Christi en la doctrina de Ambar, en ausencia del cura doctrinero, se produjeron una serie de episodios catalogados como idolátricos, llevados a cabo por los naturales del pueblo, que incluyeron la celebración de una falsa misa, la unión en matrimonio de una pareja de hombres disfrazados y el bautizo del fruto de tal unión. En este artículo propongo una lectura de estos incidentes con el propósito de estudiar el accionar de un grupo de individuos que ostentaban distintos grados sociales y acceso al poder —el sacristán indio, el curaca, el falso celebrante—, quienes se valieron de esta ocasión para socavar la autoridad del cura doctrinero ante el tribunal eclesiástico, creyendo quedar fuera del alcance del mismo por su condición de indios. Sin embargo, nada salió como lo planearon y los eventos culminaron de manera muy diferente.
{"title":"«La Inquisición no conoce de nosotros los indios». Fiesta y escándalo en el Corpus Christi","authors":"Mariana C. Zinni","doi":"10.3989/revindias.2021.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/revindias.2021.009","url":null,"abstract":"En 1661, durante la fiesta del Corpus Christi en la doctrina de Ambar, en ausencia del cura doctrinero, se produjeron una serie de episodios catalogados como idolátricos, llevados a cabo por los naturales del pueblo, que incluyeron la celebración de una falsa misa, la unión en matrimonio de una pareja de hombres disfrazados y el bautizo del fruto de tal unión. En este artículo propongo una lectura de estos incidentes con el propósito de estudiar el accionar de un grupo de individuos que ostentaban distintos grados sociales y acceso al poder —el sacristán indio, el curaca, el falso celebrante—, quienes se valieron de esta ocasión para socavar la autoridad del cura doctrinero ante el tribunal eclesiástico, creyendo quedar fuera del alcance del mismo por su condición de indios. Sin embargo, nada salió como lo planearon y los eventos culminaron de manera muy diferente.","PeriodicalId":45370,"journal":{"name":"REVISTA DE INDIAS","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47092218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-21DOI: 10.3989/REVINDIAS.2021.006
Juan Ortiz Escamilla
Este es un estudio de las propuestas y ensayos de gobierno para México entre 1820 y 1824. Con el restablecimiento de la Constitución de Cádiz, la monarquía absoluta se convirtió en una de tipo constitucional. Una vez que México se independizó con el Plan conservador de Iguala, la nueva nación quedaba subordinada a la monarquía española. La totalidad del proyecto colapsó debido a una división entre sus seguidores, lo que eliminó el llamado imperio mexicano que dio paso al inicio de la primera república federal mexicana.
{"title":"Veracruz: monarquía, imperio o república","authors":"Juan Ortiz Escamilla","doi":"10.3989/REVINDIAS.2021.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/REVINDIAS.2021.006","url":null,"abstract":"Este es un estudio de las propuestas y ensayos de gobierno para México entre 1820 y 1824. Con el restablecimiento de la Constitución de Cádiz, la monarquía absoluta se convirtió en una de tipo constitucional. Una vez que México se independizó con el Plan conservador de Iguala, la nueva nación quedaba subordinada a la monarquía española. La totalidad del proyecto colapsó debido a una división entre sus seguidores, lo que eliminó el llamado imperio mexicano que dio paso al inicio de la primera república federal mexicana.","PeriodicalId":45370,"journal":{"name":"REVISTA DE INDIAS","volume":"81 1","pages":"183-210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48393534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-21DOI: 10.3989/REVINDIAS.2021.002
Silvia Escanilla Huerta
El rol de los sectores indígenas en el proceso de independencia del Perú nunca ha sido del todo claro. Para algunos historiadores los sectores indígenas no tuvieron mayor participación en el proceso, pero para otros los sectores indígenas fueron los auténticos patriotas cuya inalterable lealtad a la causa de la independencia se contrapuso a la actitud dubitativa exhibida por las elites entre 1808 y 1824. Dado que los sectores indígenas constituían la mayoría de la sociedad virreinal y que participaron activamente como soldados en la guerra de independencia, este artículo propone avanzar más allá de posturas dicotómicas para analizar a los sectores indígenas como destacados actores políticos del periodo. A partir de la exploración de las estrategias políticas que los sectores indígenas desplegaron desde el comienzo de la crisis monárquica en 1808 y hasta el fin de la guerra en 1824 se propone que los sectores indígenas inauguraron una nueva manera de hacer política que definiría la guerra y que perduraría mucho después de la independencia.
{"title":"El rol de los sectores indígenas en la independencia del Perú. Bases para una nueva interpretación","authors":"Silvia Escanilla Huerta","doi":"10.3989/REVINDIAS.2021.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/REVINDIAS.2021.002","url":null,"abstract":"El rol de los sectores indígenas en el proceso de independencia del Perú nunca ha sido del todo claro. Para algunos historiadores los sectores indígenas no tuvieron mayor participación en el proceso, pero para otros los sectores indígenas fueron los auténticos patriotas cuya inalterable lealtad a la causa de la independencia se contrapuso a la actitud dubitativa exhibida por las elites entre 1808 y 1824. Dado que los sectores indígenas constituían la mayoría de la sociedad virreinal y que participaron activamente como soldados en la guerra de independencia, este artículo propone avanzar más allá de posturas dicotómicas para analizar a los sectores indígenas como destacados actores políticos del periodo. A partir de la exploración de las estrategias políticas que los sectores indígenas desplegaron desde el comienzo de la crisis monárquica en 1808 y hasta el fin de la guerra en 1824 se propone que los sectores indígenas inauguraron una nueva manera de hacer política que definiría la guerra y que perduraría mucho después de la independencia.","PeriodicalId":45370,"journal":{"name":"REVISTA DE INDIAS","volume":"81 1","pages":"51-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44758361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-21DOI: 10.3989/REVINDIAS.2021.003
Elizabeth Hernández García
Este artículo es una propuesta de análisis del proceso de independencia de Trujillo, es decir del espacio norte peruano, en su conjunto. Los aspectos tratados giran en torno a la existencia de un discurso político previo de afirmación de la localidad; los acontecimientos que condicionaron el cambio a la opción patriota; las proclamaciones de independencia y las contrarrevoluciones; los liderazgos locales; los enfrentamientos políticos entre los partidos de la intendencia de Trujillo en el Perú ya independiente; y las reivindicaciones regionales en la relación entre Trujillo y la capital de la república del Perú. Teniendo en cuenta estas perspectivas, se busca ir más allá de la consideración de una región norte que fue la primera en proclamar su independencia en el contexto nacional. En el camino tanto a la proclamación como a la consolidación de la independencia nacional, la intendencia de Trujillo no fue una entidad uniforme.
{"title":"Las independencias en el norte del Perú: la intendencia de Trujillo y la opción patriota (1820-1823)","authors":"Elizabeth Hernández García","doi":"10.3989/REVINDIAS.2021.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/REVINDIAS.2021.003","url":null,"abstract":"Este artículo es una propuesta de análisis del proceso de independencia de Trujillo, es decir del espacio norte peruano, en su conjunto. Los aspectos tratados giran en torno a la existencia de un discurso político previo de afirmación de la localidad; los acontecimientos que condicionaron el cambio a la opción patriota; las proclamaciones de independencia y las contrarrevoluciones; los liderazgos locales; los enfrentamientos políticos entre los partidos de la intendencia de Trujillo en el Perú ya independiente; y las reivindicaciones regionales en la relación entre Trujillo y la capital de la república del Perú. Teniendo en cuenta estas perspectivas, se busca ir más allá de la consideración de una región norte que fue la primera en proclamar su independencia en el contexto nacional. En el camino tanto a la proclamación como a la consolidación de la independencia nacional, la intendencia de Trujillo no fue una entidad uniforme.","PeriodicalId":45370,"journal":{"name":"REVISTA DE INDIAS","volume":"81 1","pages":"83-114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42761590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-21DOI: 10.3989/REVINDIAS.2021.001
Juan Luis Ossa, Alejandro M. Rabinovich
Throughout the revolutionary process in South America, rulers walked away from the collegiate bodies in which they had initially believed, and placed their trust in increasingly concentrated forms of government. This led to the appearance of supreme directories, protectorates and even dictatorships. This article suggests that the collegiate government was an extraordinary solution to put a stop to the factional disputes generated by the 1810 revolution. This governmental experiment was swiftly replaced by figures who refused to bow to a monarch, while exercising a similar type of personal power themselves. The explanation must be sought in the repercussions of the civil war between the revolutionary armies and the royalist forces of Peruvian viceroy, Jose Fernando de Abascal, and in the disputes between different factions over supremacy of the revolution. Indeed, the war effort tipped the political balance in favour of the military, in turn concentrating power in the hands of a few. In the Southern Cone this process was led by the Logia Lautaro, the faction which, under the influence of Jose de San Martin, successively ruled over the main cities of the Rio de la Plata, Chile and Peru.
{"title":"Directores, Dictadores y Protectores. Las formas de la política revolucionaria en el Cono Sur, 1810-1824","authors":"Juan Luis Ossa, Alejandro M. Rabinovich","doi":"10.3989/REVINDIAS.2021.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/REVINDIAS.2021.001","url":null,"abstract":"Throughout the revolutionary process in South America, rulers walked away from the collegiate bodies in which they had initially believed, and placed their trust in increasingly concentrated forms of government. This led to the appearance of supreme directories, protectorates and even dictatorships. This article suggests that the collegiate government was an extraordinary solution to put a stop to the factional disputes generated by the 1810 revolution. This governmental experiment was swiftly replaced by figures who refused to bow to a monarch, while exercising a similar type of personal power themselves. The explanation must be sought in the repercussions of the civil war between the revolutionary armies and the royalist forces of Peruvian viceroy, Jose Fernando de Abascal, and in the disputes between different factions over supremacy of the revolution. Indeed, the war effort tipped the political balance in favour of the military, in turn concentrating power in the hands of a few. In the Southern Cone this process was led by the Logia Lautaro, the faction which, under the influence of Jose de San Martin, successively ruled over the main cities of the Rio de la Plata, Chile and Peru.","PeriodicalId":45370,"journal":{"name":"REVISTA DE INDIAS","volume":"81 1","pages":"19-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42078774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-21DOI: 10.3989/REVINDIAS.2021.005
Rodrigo Moreno Gutiérrez
In 1821, the only viceroys left governing Spanish America, who had been appointed by Ferdinand VII, were forced to resign their authority by their own military chiefs. This article compares both phenomena and restores their importance and historical significance by examining their historical and historiographical characterization, as well as their contexts, institutional frameworks, arguments and the agencies involved. Taking the coups as a point of departure, the aim is to observe the political intervention capacity of the armed forces in breaking down the order of the Spanish monarchy in the Americas, and the construction of national states determined both by constitutionalism and war.
{"title":"Los últimos golpes. Análisis comparativo de las deposiciones de los virreyes de Nueva España y Perú en 1821","authors":"Rodrigo Moreno Gutiérrez","doi":"10.3989/REVINDIAS.2021.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/REVINDIAS.2021.005","url":null,"abstract":"In 1821, the only viceroys left governing Spanish America, who had been appointed by Ferdinand VII, were forced to resign their authority by their own military chiefs. This article compares both phenomena and restores their importance and historical significance by examining their historical and historiographical characterization, as well as their contexts, institutional frameworks, arguments and the agencies involved. Taking the coups as a point of departure, the aim is to observe the political intervention capacity of the armed forces in breaking down the order of the Spanish monarchy in the Americas, and the construction of national states determined both by constitutionalism and war.","PeriodicalId":45370,"journal":{"name":"REVISTA DE INDIAS","volume":"81 1","pages":"143-181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49548535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-21DOI: 10.3989/REVINDIAS.2021.007
M. Terán
El propósito del artículo es explicar la creación de una entidad federativa en México en su primer ejercicio constituyente (1823-1825), tomando como antecedente inmediato la diputación provincial, institución creada por las Cortes Generales. Se revisará el grupo de los diputados constituyentes, sus principales referentes doctrinales, sus discusiones más importantes y la legislación secundaria para organizar la nueva entidad libre, federada y republicana.
{"title":"El acto soberano de constituirse. La creación del estado de Zacatecas, 1823-1825","authors":"M. Terán","doi":"10.3989/REVINDIAS.2021.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/REVINDIAS.2021.007","url":null,"abstract":"El propósito del artículo es explicar la creación de una entidad federativa en México en su primer ejercicio constituyente (1823-1825), tomando como antecedente inmediato la diputación provincial, institución creada por las Cortes Generales. Se revisará el grupo de los diputados constituyentes, sus principales referentes doctrinales, sus discusiones más importantes y la legislación secundaria para organizar la nueva entidad libre, federada y republicana.","PeriodicalId":45370,"journal":{"name":"REVISTA DE INDIAS","volume":"81 1","pages":"211-246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47292255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-21DOI: 10.3989/REVINDIAS.2021.04
Natalia Sobrevilla Perea
Even though Peruvian historiography has devoted little attention to the campaigns at what are known as the intermediate ports, located between Callao and Valparaiso, these marked one of the most important moments of the so-called “Peruvian” independence phase, even though both ended in defeat. The campaigns deserve more academic attention, firstly because they are where most Peruvians were involved; secondly because, had they been successful, they would have resulted in very different states from those that exist today in this region of the continent; and thirdly because the problems that surfaced during these campaigns highlighted the difficulties the new emerging states would face.
{"title":"Las campañas a los puertos intermedios y la fase «peruana» de la independencia","authors":"Natalia Sobrevilla Perea","doi":"10.3989/REVINDIAS.2021.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/REVINDIAS.2021.04","url":null,"abstract":"Even though Peruvian historiography has devoted little attention to the campaigns at what are known as the intermediate ports, located between Callao and Valparaiso, these marked one of the most important moments of the so-called “Peruvian” independence phase, even though both ended in defeat. The campaigns deserve more academic attention, firstly because they are where most Peruvians were involved; secondly because, had they been successful, they would have resulted in very different states from those that exist today in this region of the continent; and thirdly because the problems that surfaced during these campaigns highlighted the difficulties the new emerging states would face.","PeriodicalId":45370,"journal":{"name":"REVISTA DE INDIAS","volume":"81 1","pages":"115-141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47029911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-11DOI: 10.3989/revindias.2020.021
Jesús Ruiz de Gordejuela Urquijo
This article aims to explain how, during the last quarter of the eighteenth century, people native to Lanestosa (Vizcaya) were able to establish an important network of fellow townsfolk in the Novohispanic city of Guadalajara. They became a privileged group, attaining economic and social success, as personified in the figure of Juan Manuel Caballero. The instability caused by the Insurgency undermined their prominent role, leading many to return to Spain to resume their lives. We have drawn on the unpublished correspondence of Francisco de Carranza, a merchant settled in Cadiz, which sheds unprecedented light on aspects of the life of Francisco Martinez Negrete before he became a key figure in the northwest Mexico of the nineteenth century.
{"title":"Nestosanos en Guadalajara. Triunfo y decadencia de un grupo privilegiado, 1780-1836","authors":"Jesús Ruiz de Gordejuela Urquijo","doi":"10.3989/revindias.2020.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/revindias.2020.021","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to explain how, during the last quarter of the eighteenth century, people native to Lanestosa (Vizcaya) were able to establish an important network of fellow townsfolk in the Novohispanic city of Guadalajara. They became a privileged group, attaining economic and social success, as personified in the figure of Juan Manuel Caballero. The instability caused by the Insurgency undermined their prominent role, leading many to return to Spain to resume their lives. We have drawn on the unpublished correspondence of Francisco de Carranza, a merchant settled in Cadiz, which sheds unprecedented light on aspects of the life of Francisco Martinez Negrete before he became a key figure in the northwest Mexico of the nineteenth century.","PeriodicalId":45370,"journal":{"name":"REVISTA DE INDIAS","volume":"80 1","pages":"751-779"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41900866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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