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Idealizing Abolition 理想化废除
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1007/s11572-023-09700-9
Daniel Fryer
Abstract The United States system of policing is in drastic need of change. Some recent critics have encouraged that we avoid trying to repair the system—and abolish it altogether. In advancing this position, they often invoke ideas of “dreams,” “speculative imagination,” and “horizons” to guide efforts at fixing the problems of policing. In this essay, I caution against the overuse of this sort of idealized discourse in debates about policing. Specifically, I show how idealizations risk being counterproductive with respect to abolitionists’ activist goals, in that they suggest that if abolition is desirable, approximating abolition is also desirable; fail to clarify what the conditions of application of their view are; and operate without the feasibility-sensitivity that one should expect from a non-evaluative position. My goal is not to suggest that our system of policing is fine as is. Nor is it to diminish the importance of having a long-term revolutionary vision. By pointing out the ways in which the idealizations invoked are inconsistent with abolitionists’ activist agenda, I hope to help clarify the merits of police abolition as a guiding strategy for change and caution against the use of certain forms of idealized thinking in our efforts at police reform.
美国的警务制度急需变革。最近一些批评人士鼓励我们不要试图修复这个体系,而是彻底废除它。在推进这一立场的过程中,他们经常援引“梦想”、“投机想象”和“视野”等概念来指导解决警务问题的努力。在这篇文章中,我警告不要在关于警务的辩论中过度使用这种理想化的话语。具体来说,我展示了理想化是如何与废奴主义者的激进目标背道而驰的,因为他们认为,如果废除是可取的,那么近似废除也是可取的;未能阐明其观点适用的条件是什么;而且没有可行性敏感性,这是一个非评估性职位应该期望的。我的目的并不是说我们的警务系统就像现在这样很好。这也不是要削弱拥有长期革命愿景的重要性。通过指出所援引的理想化与废奴主义者的积极议程不一致的方式,我希望有助于澄清废除警察作为一种指导变革战略的优点,并告诫我们不要在警察改革的努力中使用某些形式的理想化思维。
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引用次数: 0
Public Wrongs and Power Relations in Non-Democratic & Illiberal Polities 非民主社会中的公共过错与权力关系狭隘的政治
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-09-16 DOI: 10.1007/s11572-023-09703-6
Hend Hanafy
Abstract One of the influential contributions to criminalisation theories is Duff’s work on public wrongs, which offers a thin master principle of criminalisation, proposing that we have a reason to criminalise a type of conduct if it constitutes a public wrong; one that violates a polity’s civil order and forms part of that polity’s proper business. The nature of the civil order, the scope of its proper business, and the distinction between the public and private realms of wrongs are context-relative to each polity, structured by their legal, institutional, and informal values and ways of life. Such a context-relative view led to problematic criminalisation examples raised by Duff and his critics. This article engages more fully with the relativism of the civil order and public wrongs in non-democratic and illiberal contexts. It draws on examples such as Saudi Arabi and Iran, and Beetham’s work on the legitimation of power to argue that conceptualising the civil order as an undifferentiated whole that represents a polity’s chosen way of life overlooks the ways in which the civil order’s values and practices are shaped by relations of power and exclusion rules and processes. This, in turn, exposes the theory to the risk of mirroring and legitimising unequal relations of power and impeding efforts to change them. This is also due to the theory’s lack of proper normative guidance on the legitimacy of criminalisation. The potential commitment to – instead of a preference for – democracy and guarantees of equality and freedoms might help strengthen the theory normatively, but it is insufficient to guard against the raised problems.
对刑事化理论有影响的贡献之一是Duff关于公共错误的工作,该工作提供了刑事化的一个单薄的主原则,提出如果一种行为构成公共错误,我们有理由将其定为刑事犯罪;违犯某一政体的民事秩序并构成该政体正当事务一部分的人。民事秩序的性质,其正当业务的范围,以及公共和私人错误领域之间的区别是与每个政体相关的背景,由其法律,制度和非正式的价值观和生活方式构成。这种与情境相关的观点导致了Duff和他的批评者提出的有问题的刑事定罪例子。本文更全面地探讨了非民主和非自由背景下的公民秩序和公共错误的相对主义。它借鉴了沙特阿拉伯和伊朗等例子,以及比瑟姆关于权力合法性的著作,认为将公民秩序概念化为一个代表政体选择的生活方式的无差别整体,忽略了公民秩序的价值观和实践是由权力关系和排他性规则和过程形成的。反过来,这又使这一理论面临着反映不平等权力关系并使其合法化的风险,并阻碍了改变这种关系的努力。这也是由于该理论在刑事定罪的合法性方面缺乏适当的规范指导。对民主和保障平等与自由的潜在承诺(而不是偏好)可能有助于从规范上加强这一理论,但这不足以防范所提出的问题。
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引用次数: 0
Justification and Motivation 理由和动机
IF 0.5 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-09-08 DOI: 10.1007/s11572-023-09691-7
James Edwards
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引用次数: 0
Criminal Responsibility Reconsidered 刑事责任再思考
IF 0.5 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-08-30 DOI: 10.1007/s11572-023-09702-7
S. Morse
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引用次数: 0
Excuses and Exemptions: Is it Really a Mistake to Understand the Category of Excuses to Include Infancy and Insanity? 借口和豁免:理解包括婴儿和精神错乱的借口类别真的是一个错误吗?
IF 0.5 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-08-23 DOI: 10.1007/s11572-023-09698-0
M. Baron
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引用次数: 0
Review of The Criminal Law’s Person, edited by Claes Lernestedt and Matt Matravers. Oxford: Hart, 2022 《刑法人物评论》,克拉斯·勒内斯泰特和马特·马特拉弗斯主编。牛津:Hart, 2022
IF 0.5 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-08-18 DOI: 10.1007/s11572-023-09699-z
Tatjana Hörnle
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引用次数: 0
When is Disbelief Epistemic Injustice? Criminal Procedure, Recovered Memories, and Deformations of the Epistemic Subject 什么时候怀疑是认知的不公正?刑事诉讼、恢复记忆与认知主体的变形
IF 0.5 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-08-16 DOI: 10.1007/s11572-023-09695-3
J. Bublitz
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引用次数: 0
Reporting Crimes and Arresting Criminals: Citizens’ Rights and Responsibilities Under Their Criminal Law 举报犯罪与逮捕犯罪:刑法赋予公民的权利与义务
IF 0.5 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-08-12 DOI: 10.1007/s11572-023-09701-8
R. Duff, S. Marshall
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引用次数: 0
Justifications and Rights-Displacements 理由和权利——流离失所
IF 0.5 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-08-05 DOI: 10.1007/s11572-023-09696-2
Mark Dsouza
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引用次数: 0
How does Structural Injustice Impact Criminal Responsibility? 结构不公正如何影响刑事责任?
IF 0.5 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-08-05 DOI: 10.1007/s11572-023-09697-1
K. Sifferd
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引用次数: 0
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