Inflation is one of the topics that attract researchers’ attention, as it is one of the most common economic phenomena in our present and has roots in past times. It is a phenomenon that went along with all economic systems and included all countries, whether developed or developing, and it has employed economic policymakers and policymakers because of its negative economic and social implications for that. The anti-inflation policy came to achieve the goal of price stability, so this study was presented to shed light on the anti-inflation policy and its mechanisms to reduce inflation and the requirements for its success and strategies, and the study also included a study of the reality of inflation in Iraq and how to target it and the implications it generates on the output and the level of operation.
{"title":"Measures to Combat Inflation And Their Repercussions On The Growth Of Output and The Level Of Employment In Iraq For The Period 2004-2017","authors":"م. د. عفيفة بجاي شوكت","doi":"10.31272/IJES2020.67.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31272/IJES2020.67.1","url":null,"abstract":"Inflation is one of the topics that attract researchers’ attention, as it is one of the most common economic phenomena in our present and has roots in past times. It is a phenomenon that went along with all economic systems and included all countries, whether developed or developing, and it has employed economic policymakers and policymakers because of its negative economic and social implications for that. The anti-inflation policy came to achieve the goal of price stability, so this study was presented to shed light on the anti-inflation policy and its mechanisms to reduce inflation and the requirements for its success and strategies, and the study also included a study of the reality of inflation in Iraq and how to target it and the implications it generates on the output and the level of operation.","PeriodicalId":45480,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Embedded Systems","volume":"2020 1","pages":"1-28"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47463454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The oil refining industry in Iraq is one of the industries of strategic importance, and what these industries have been subjected to destruction, obsolescence and neglect in a way that led to the deterioration of oil products in quantity and quality, and in a manner that is not commensurate with Iraq's capabilities in the field of daily crude oil production, as well as its incompatibility with laws and standards. In addition to the inability of these industries to achieve self-sufficiency and resort to closing the gap through imports. The study assumes that rebuilding the oil refineries in Iraq on modern foundations commensurate with international environmental laws and standards, will contribute to achieving self-sufficiency in high-quality oil products and open new horizons for the refining industry. The study reached several conclusions, the most important of which are the most important reasons for the decline in the production of refineries in Iraq, failure to implement investment projects for the oil refineries sector, reliance on old methods of liquidation, obsolescence of treatment units, neglect of maintenance and maintenance operations, and continuous stops due to the interruption of electrical current, and sabotage of some pipelines that transport crude oil to the refineries. The researcher recommended that the existence of a strong sector of refineries in Iraq capable of securing energy sources and achieving self-sufficiency, in addition to its ability to compete, that achieving this goal requires working on building new and modern refineries and rehabilitating old refineries to increase production capacities and obtain high-quality oil products to Iraq can compete in the global
{"title":"تقييم واقع صناعة تصفية النفط في العراق","authors":"دانية اياد جاسم, أ. د . فلاح خلف علي","doi":"10.31272/IJES2020.67.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31272/IJES2020.67.7","url":null,"abstract":"The oil refining industry in Iraq is one of the industries of strategic importance, and what these industries have been subjected to destruction, obsolescence and neglect in a way that led to the deterioration of oil products in quantity and quality, and in a manner that is not commensurate with Iraq's capabilities in the field of daily crude oil production, as well as its incompatibility with laws and standards. In addition to the inability of these industries to achieve self-sufficiency and resort to closing the gap through imports. The study assumes that rebuilding the oil refineries in Iraq on modern foundations commensurate with international environmental laws and standards, will contribute to achieving self-sufficiency in high-quality oil products and open new horizons for the refining industry. The study reached several conclusions, the most important of which are the most important reasons for the decline in the production of refineries in Iraq, failure to implement investment projects for the oil refineries sector, reliance on old methods of liquidation, obsolescence of treatment units, neglect of maintenance and maintenance operations, and continuous stops due to the interruption of electrical current, and sabotage of some pipelines that transport crude oil to the refineries. The researcher recommended that the existence of a strong sector of refineries in Iraq capable of securing energy sources and achieving self-sufficiency, in addition to its ability to compete, that achieving this goal requires working on building new and modern refineries and rehabilitating old refineries to increase production capacities and obtain high-quality oil products to Iraq can compete in the global","PeriodicalId":45480,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Embedded Systems","volume":"2020 1","pages":"154-184"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44466349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The American economy suffers from a general budget deficit, mainly due to the high public expenditures, especially the military, as the United States of America occupies the first place in the world in the proportion of military spending, and the budget deficit is mainly financed through the sale of government securities, which led to an increase in the volume of public debt In the United States of America, which is a dangerous indicator, especially after interest payments on public debt exceeded the barrier of $ 500 billion for the year 2018, which pushes them to borrow again to finance these benefits, this cumulative and continuous increase in the size of public debt works to influence the economic variables Monetary and financial. The research aims to analyze the development of internal public debt in the United States of America and its most important causes, in addition to clarifying the mechanisms and methods used to alleviate the severity of the internal public debt without compromising the ability of the economy or the ability to repay previous debts to maintain investor confidence in the strength of the American economy. The research reached several results, the most prominent of which is that the large increase in the volume of the internal public debt and the consequent increase in the money supply did not negatively affect the monetary side of the economy as inflation rates did not reach high levels and international reserves increased, accompanied by a decrease in interest rates. While the research presented several recommendations, including the need to achieve financial discipline and market access to borrow at the lowest possible costs by issuing debt regularly, in addition to avoiding resorting to any special measures to increase the volume of public debt and adhere to the debt ceiling approved by the US Congress.
{"title":"تحليل الاثار المالية والنقدية لتزايد الدين العام الداخلي في الولايات المتحدة الامريكية للمدة 2002- 2018","authors":"مالك عبد الرحيم محمد, أ.د. ميثم العيبي إسماعيل","doi":"10.31272/IJES2020.67.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31272/IJES2020.67.4","url":null,"abstract":"The American economy suffers from a general budget deficit, mainly due to the high public expenditures, especially the military, as the United States of America occupies the first place in the world in the proportion of military spending, and the budget deficit is mainly financed through the sale of government securities, which led to an increase in the volume of public debt In the United States of America, which is a dangerous indicator, especially after interest payments on public debt exceeded the barrier of $ 500 billion for the year 2018, which pushes them to borrow again to finance these benefits, this cumulative and continuous increase in the size of public debt works to influence the economic variables Monetary and financial. The research aims to analyze the development of internal public debt in the United States of America and its most important causes, in addition to clarifying the mechanisms and methods used to alleviate the severity of the internal public debt without compromising the ability of the economy or the ability to repay previous debts to maintain investor confidence in the strength of the American economy. The research reached several results, the most prominent of which is that the large increase in the volume of the internal public debt and the consequent increase in the money supply did not negatively affect the monetary side of the economy as inflation rates did not reach high levels and international reserves increased, accompanied by a decrease in interest rates. While the research presented several recommendations, including the need to achieve financial discipline and market access to borrow at the lowest possible costs by issuing debt regularly, in addition to avoiding resorting to any special measures to increase the volume of public debt and adhere to the debt ceiling approved by the US Congress.","PeriodicalId":45480,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Embedded Systems","volume":"2020 1","pages":"75-100"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42324658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research deals with the possibility of applying the development experience of South Korea in Iraq to reduce the problem of underemployment, as the research started from the hypothesis that the development policies and current employment policies in Iraq are not able to simulate the Korean development experience, because Iraq suffers from economic, social and institutional problems and challenges. The research aims to identify the levels of underemployment in Iraq, review the development experience of South Korea and examine the possibility of benefiting from it to achieve the economic renaissance in Iraq, and this research derives its importance from its treatment of the seriousness of the problem of unemployment and underemployment and the consequent economic, social and political problems, and the research reached a set of results, the most notably of which is that the Iraqi economy suffers from deep structural imbalances that are difficult to reform if the situation remains as it is and therefore it needs continuous and vigorous efforts to be reformed, which means that there is a clear developmental failure in the Iraqi economy, despite the fact that the Iraqi economy was distinguished by the abundance of natural resources on South Korea, in addition to the wars, destruction and sabotage that Korea was subjected to, but it was able to achieve a comprehensive economic and development renaissance
{"title":"إمكانية تطبيق التجربة التنموية الكورية في العراق لمعالجة مشكلة العمالة الناقصة","authors":"نور رسول عبد اللطيف, أ.د.قصي الجابري","doi":"10.31272/IJES2020.67.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31272/IJES2020.67.5","url":null,"abstract":"This research deals with the possibility of applying the development experience of South Korea in Iraq to reduce the problem of underemployment, as the research started from the hypothesis that the development policies and current employment policies in Iraq are not able to simulate the Korean development experience, because Iraq suffers from economic, social and institutional problems and challenges. The research aims to identify the levels of underemployment in Iraq, review the development experience of South Korea and examine the possibility of benefiting from it to achieve the economic renaissance in Iraq, and this research derives its importance from its treatment of the seriousness of the problem of unemployment and underemployment and the consequent economic, social and political problems, and the research reached a set of results, the most notably of which is that the Iraqi economy suffers from deep structural imbalances that are difficult to reform if the situation remains as it is and therefore it needs continuous and vigorous efforts to be reformed, which means that there is a clear developmental failure in the Iraqi economy, despite the fact that the Iraqi economy was distinguished by the abundance of natural resources on South Korea, in addition to the wars, destruction and sabotage that Korea was subjected to, but it was able to achieve a comprehensive economic and development renaissance","PeriodicalId":45480,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Embedded Systems","volume":"2020 1","pages":"101-131"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44449707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study of the mutual relationship between return and risk is prepared by the DUPONT SYSTEM for a period of 10 years from 2008 to 2017 in Qatari insurance companies. Costs, which characterized the Qatar General Insurance Company by achieving the highest average profit margin of 99,699 and the AU Asset Utility Index, which measures the efficiency of management in using its assets to achieve its revenues, which characterized Doha Insurance Company as it achieved the highest asset benefit of 34,771 Financial leverage EM, or the so-called ownership multiplier index, which is the ratio that measures the risks related to the use of ownership money, which characterized Qatar Insurance Company, as it achieved the highest rate of raising money of 267,677. The aim of using DUPONT SYSTEM is to compare the performance of companies in the same industry as network analysis to predict future changes, thus adding another dimension to the evaluation of Qatari insurance companies for optimal investment based on sound performance evaluation. The results of the study showed that companies that follow the policy of cost leadership strategy may It achieved a lower return than that which followed the policy of differentiation strategy. The research hypotheses were tested using ANOVA, and the following was found: 1- The existence of statistically significant differences between Qatari companies operating in the insurance field due to the return on equity (ROE). 2- The existence of statistically significant differences between Qatari insurance companies due to the financial leverage index Equity On Multiplier (EM). 3- There are statistically significant differences between Qatari insurance companies attributable to the Return On Asset index (ROA). 4- There are statistically significant differences between Qatari insurance companies due to the Profit Margin (PM) indicator. To confirm the results, a Multiple Comparisons Tukey was performed
{"title":"تقييم الأداء المالي لشركات التامين في دولة قطر باستخدام DUPONT SYSTEM","authors":"م.د.ناهض جابر حسن","doi":"10.31272/IJES2020.67.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31272/IJES2020.67.2","url":null,"abstract":"The study of the mutual relationship between return and risk is prepared by the DUPONT SYSTEM for a period of 10 years from 2008 to 2017 in Qatari insurance companies. Costs, which characterized the Qatar General Insurance Company by achieving the highest average profit margin of 99,699 and the AU Asset Utility Index, which measures the efficiency of management in using its assets to achieve its revenues, which characterized Doha Insurance Company as it achieved the highest asset benefit of 34,771 Financial leverage EM, or the so-called ownership multiplier index, which is the ratio that measures the risks related to the use of ownership money, which characterized Qatar Insurance Company, as it achieved the highest rate of raising money of 267,677. The aim of using DUPONT SYSTEM is to compare the performance of companies in the same industry as network analysis to predict future changes, thus adding another dimension to the evaluation of Qatari insurance companies for optimal investment based on sound performance evaluation. The results of the study showed that companies that follow the policy of cost leadership strategy may It achieved a lower return than that which followed the policy of differentiation strategy. The research hypotheses were tested using ANOVA, and the following was found: 1- The existence of statistically significant differences between Qatari companies operating in the insurance field due to the return on equity (ROE). 2- The existence of statistically significant differences between Qatari insurance companies due to the financial leverage index Equity On Multiplier (EM). 3- There are statistically significant differences between Qatari insurance companies attributable to the Return On Asset index (ROA). 4- There are statistically significant differences between Qatari insurance companies due to the Profit Margin (PM) indicator. To confirm the results, a Multiple Comparisons Tukey was performed","PeriodicalId":45480,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Embedded Systems","volume":"2020 1","pages":"29-50"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42047935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study deals with the relationship between the flexible exchange rate system and the return on the monetary issue, in other words, it tries to clarify the extent of the impact of adopting the flexible exchange rate system on the monetary return that the government can get. Therefore, this study came divided into three sections, the first topic dealt with the concept of the flexible exchange rate, while the second topic dealt with the concept of the return on the cash issue and methods of measuring it, and the third section reviews the size of the return on the cash issue achieved by the government if it follows the flexible exchange rate system. Keywords: yield on the cash issue, flexible exchange rate system, inflation tax, opportunity cost.
{"title":"عائد الإصدار النقدي في ظل نظام سعر الصرف المرن في العراق للمدة (1990-2003)","authors":"رسل كاظم جعفر, أ.م.د اثير عبد الله حسين","doi":"10.31272/IJES2020.67.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31272/IJES2020.67.6","url":null,"abstract":"This study deals with the relationship between the flexible exchange rate system and the return on the monetary issue, in other words, it tries to clarify the extent of the impact of adopting the flexible exchange rate system on the monetary return that the government can get. Therefore, this study came divided into three sections, the first topic dealt with the concept of the flexible exchange rate, while the second topic dealt with the concept of the return on the cash issue and methods of measuring it, and the third section reviews the size of the return on the cash issue achieved by the government if it follows the flexible exchange rate system. Keywords: yield on the cash issue, flexible exchange rate system, inflation tax, opportunity cost.","PeriodicalId":45480,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Embedded Systems","volume":"2020 1","pages":"132-153"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42967674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In a country exhausted by conflicts, and successive circumstances weakened it, to produce a situation that is least described as "outside of time" at all levels. This research comes in the form of a scenario that shows the correct path that the Iraqi state must follow if it wants for itself and its society to return to time. He stresses that the first step of correction begins with the state itself. It is a choice coupled with the extent of the seriousness of the state in its obligations towards its citizens and people to recover and recover from the accumulated effects of conflicts. It is a scenario based on the assumption that the development state will adopt it as the ideal solution for the Iraqi economy in the post-conflict period. Research has proven this assumption. Therefore, the research recommends building a new social contract between the state and the citizen-based on: 1- human rights. 2- Governance. 3- Citizenship. 4- Participation. And adopting the state's development method with social responsibility, which aims to ensure the achievement of sustainable development priorities.
{"title":"رؤية تنموية مستجيبة لاقتصاد ما بعد النزاعات في العراق","authors":"زيد حبيب حسين, أ. د. وفاء جعفر المهداوي","doi":"10.31272/IJES2020.67.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31272/IJES2020.67.3","url":null,"abstract":"In a country exhausted by conflicts, and successive circumstances weakened it, to produce a situation that is least described as \"outside of time\" at all levels. This research comes in the form of a scenario that shows the correct path that the Iraqi state must follow if it wants for itself and its society to return to time. He stresses that the first step of correction begins with the state itself. It is a choice coupled with the extent of the seriousness of the state in its obligations towards its citizens and people to recover and recover from the accumulated effects of conflicts. It is a scenario based on the assumption that the development state will adopt it as the ideal solution for the Iraqi economy in the post-conflict period. Research has proven this assumption. Therefore, the research recommends building a new social contract between the state and the citizen-based on: 1- human rights. 2- Governance. 3- Citizenship. 4- Participation. And adopting the state's development method with social responsibility, which aims to ensure the achievement of sustainable development priorities.","PeriodicalId":45480,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Embedded Systems","volume":"2020 1","pages":"51-74"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69348332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-15DOI: 10.31901/24566322.2021/32.1-3.1163
Hailah Mandeel Altowaijri
ABSTRACT This research aims to conduct a predictive study for determining the technological and systematic returns of applying blockchain technicality to improve management experience sharing at Qassim University. The study is quantitative in nature and uses descriptive research design. The population consists of teaching staff members and administrative employees at Qassim University in 2019-2020. The research sample is selected using the random sampling method to achieve the targeted sample size of 100 individuals. The study is quantitative in nature and uses descriptive research design. Results show a huge technological return of applying blockchain technicality to improve management experience sharing in the higher education system at Qassim University. Applying blockchain technicality is recommended because of its vast technological and systematic returns in improving management experience sharing in the Saudi higher education system in general and Qassim University in particular.
{"title":"Blockchain Technicality to Improve Management Experience in Higher Education System: The Case of Qassim University, Saudi Arabia","authors":"Hailah Mandeel Altowaijri","doi":"10.31901/24566322.2021/32.1-3.1163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31901/24566322.2021/32.1-3.1163","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This research aims to conduct a predictive study for determining the technological and systematic returns of applying blockchain technicality to improve management experience sharing at Qassim University. The study is quantitative in nature and uses descriptive research design. The population consists of teaching staff members and administrative employees at Qassim University in 2019-2020. The research sample is selected using the random sampling method to achieve the targeted sample size of 100 individuals. The study is quantitative in nature and uses descriptive research design. Results show a huge technological return of applying blockchain technicality to improve management experience sharing in the higher education system at Qassim University. Applying blockchain technicality is recommended because of its vast technological and systematic returns in improving management experience sharing in the Saudi higher education system in general and Qassim University in particular.","PeriodicalId":45480,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Embedded Systems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43641151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-15DOI: 10.31901/24566322.2021/32.1-3.1169
Ines Kovaèiæ
ABSTRACT Educational reform tries to raise students’competencies on the higher thinking level by improving curriculum and experimental materials. The attitudes of teachers toward outcome level in curriculum and experimental material is key to their effective use in teaching science. This study aimed to compare outcome levels of questions for science in1st grade experimental textbooks and workbooks (from 2018) with previous ones (from 2008, 2013). Furthermore, teachers from 39 experimental schools completed the online survey toward the modernisation of science. Although a major shift has been noted in experimental materials (levels: analysis and synthesis), there is an urgent need for the decrease of lower thinking level questions (levels: knowledge and understanding). The online survey indicates a high positive attitude toward the experimental science curriculum (3.69) and outcome levels in textbooks (3.43) and workbooks (3.69). Further improvement of the science materials is prerequisite for curriculum reform and high-quality textbooks.
{"title":"Modernisation of Science: Textbook and Workbook Analysis in Relation to Teacher Attitudes toward Changes in the Croatian Curriculum","authors":"Ines Kovaèiæ","doi":"10.31901/24566322.2021/32.1-3.1169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31901/24566322.2021/32.1-3.1169","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Educational reform tries to raise students’competencies on the higher thinking level by improving curriculum and experimental materials. The attitudes of teachers toward outcome level in curriculum and experimental material is key to their effective use in teaching science. This study aimed to compare outcome levels of questions for science in1st grade experimental textbooks and workbooks (from 2018) with previous ones (from 2008, 2013). Furthermore, teachers from 39 experimental schools completed the online survey toward the modernisation of science. Although a major shift has been noted in experimental materials (levels: analysis and synthesis), there is an urgent need for the decrease of lower thinking level questions (levels: knowledge and understanding). The online survey indicates a high positive attitude toward the experimental science curriculum (3.69) and outcome levels in textbooks (3.43) and workbooks (3.69). Further improvement of the science materials is prerequisite for curriculum reform and high-quality textbooks.","PeriodicalId":45480,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Embedded Systems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47663248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-15DOI: 10.31901/24566322.2021/32.1-3.1168
Wafa Abdullah Alsalim
ABSTRACT This study aims to reveal the most notable obstacles that primary school teachers face in using the educational platform MADRASATI during the coronavirus (COVID-19) crisis. A descriptive survey with a questionnaire tool was employed, and there were 20 questions on the potential obstacles. The randomized sample comprised 390 teachers in state primary schools in Riyadh City (from 22,458 teachers in total). The results revealed that the main obstacles were “difficulty in applying the educational platform to primary beginner students” and “overcrowded virtual classes [which] do not allow the use of the platform MADRASATI.” However, the teachers ranked responses such as “the students’ abstention from dealing with new types of education” lowest, with only an average degree of agreement on whether this was a notable obstacle. The study also revealed statistically significant differences in the obstacles to using MADRASATI, with male teachers in the sample more likely to use the platform. However, other variables such as educational qualification and pedagogical experience were not associated with any statistically significant differences in obstacles the teachers faced.
{"title":"Primary School Teachers Adaptation towards ‘Madrasati’ Elearning Platform during Covid-19 Crisis","authors":"Wafa Abdullah Alsalim","doi":"10.31901/24566322.2021/32.1-3.1168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31901/24566322.2021/32.1-3.1168","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study aims to reveal the most notable obstacles that primary school teachers face in using the educational platform MADRASATI during the coronavirus (COVID-19) crisis. A descriptive survey with a questionnaire tool was employed, and there were 20 questions on the potential obstacles. The randomized sample comprised 390 teachers in state primary schools in Riyadh City (from 22,458 teachers in total). The results revealed that the main obstacles were “difficulty in applying the educational platform to primary beginner students” and “overcrowded virtual classes [which] do not allow the use of the platform MADRASATI.” However, the teachers ranked responses such as “the students’ abstention from dealing with new types of education” lowest, with only an average degree of agreement on whether this was a notable obstacle. The study also revealed statistically significant differences in the obstacles to using MADRASATI, with male teachers in the sample more likely to use the platform. However, other variables such as educational qualification and pedagogical experience were not associated with any statistically significant differences in obstacles the teachers faced.","PeriodicalId":45480,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Embedded Systems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47727165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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