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Prevailing Wage Repeal, Highway Construction Costs, and Bid Competition in Kentucky: A Difference-in-Differences and Fixed Effects Analysis 肯塔基州盛行的工资废除、公路建设成本和投标竞争:差异与固定效应分析
IF 1.4 Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Pub Date : 2022-06-08 DOI: 10.1177/1087724X221088887
K. Duncan, Jill L. Gigstad, Frank P. Manzo
Data for over 2,000 highway pavement projects, constructed between 2014 and 2020, are used to examine the effect of Kentucky’s prevailing wage repeal in 2017 on relative bid costs and bid competition for state and federally funded work. Other than Davis-Bacon and Disadvantaged Business Enterprise policies for federal projects, and prevailing wage requirements on state-funded work prior to 2017, all highway construction in Kentucky is built to the same standard. A difference-in-differences and fixed effects analysis fails to find statistically significant differences in bid costs and competition between federal and state projects before and after repeal. Competition on pavement projects in Kentucky is very low compared to other states. Consequently, the impact of increased competition on bid costs is very high. Policies increasing competition in Kentucky would be more effective in reducing costs than prevailing wage repeal.
使用2014年至2020年间建造的2000多个高速公路路面项目的数据,研究了肯塔基州2017年普遍取消工资对州和联邦资助工程的相对投标成本和投标竞争的影响。除了Davis Bacon和弱势商业企业对联邦项目的政策,以及2017年之前国家资助工作的现行工资要求外,肯塔基州的所有公路建设都是按照相同的标准建造的。差异和固定效应分析未能发现废除前后联邦和州项目之间的投标成本和竞争在统计上存在显著差异。与其他州相比,肯塔基州的路面项目竞争非常激烈。因此,竞争加剧对投标成本的影响非常大。肯塔基州增加竞争的政策在降低成本方面比普遍废除工资更有效。
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引用次数: 0
Taking Up the Challenge: Dealing with “Redundant, Abandoned, Idled, and Neglected” (RAIN) Infrastructure 迎接挑战:应对“冗余、废弃、闲置和被忽视”(RAIN)基础架构
IF 1.4 Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Pub Date : 2022-05-31 DOI: 10.1177/1087724X221106253
R. Little
Five-year plans and new deals, Wrapped in golden chains, And I wonder, still I wonder, who’ll stop the rain? With the passage and signing of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act in November 2021, what could be timelier than an examination of the issues surrounding “redundant, abandoned, idled, and neglected” (RAIN) infrastructure? This Symposium Issue of Public Works Management & Policy was conceived on the premise that the physical artifacts of infrastructure no longer needed by society can be a liability or asset (or sometimes both) and several informative case studies are presented herein that describe how the issue has been addressed by different sectors and nations. There are existing and past programs in the U.S. that attempted to address aspects of this issue from environmental clean-up to adaptive reuse of surplus facilities. However, due to the disparate nature of what is covered by the RAIN umbrella, there is no single approach that could be considered a “solution.” The purpose of this brief essay is to provide some context on the scope of the problem, how the U.S. has addressed related issues in the past, and some thoughts on approaches and priorities for dealing with individual cases going forward. First, RAIN is not a new issue. At various times in the past, the U.S. has confronted military bases no longer needed for national defense, contaminated sites from the U.S. nuclear weapons program, abandoned coal mines, surplus school buildings, and
五年计划和新交易,被金链子包裹着,我想知道,我仍然想知道,谁会阻止这场雨?随着2021年11月《基础设施投资和就业法》的通过和签署,还有什么比审查“冗余、废弃、闲置和被忽视”(RAIN)基础设施的问题更及时的了?本次公共工程管理与政策研讨会是在社会不再需要的基础设施实物可能是负债或资产(有时两者都是)的前提下构思的,本文介绍了几个信息丰富的案例研究,描述了不同部门和国家如何解决这一问题。美国现有和过去的一些项目都试图解决这一问题,从环境清理到剩余设施的适应性再利用。然而,由于RAIN保护伞所涵盖的内容性质不同,没有一种单一的方法可以被视为“解决方案”。本文的目的是提供一些关于问题范围的背景,美国过去如何解决相关问题,以及对未来处理个别案件的方法和优先事项的一些思考。首先,RAIN不是一个新问题。在过去的不同时期,美国都面临着不再需要国防的军事基地、美国核武器计划污染的场地、废弃的煤矿、多余的校舍,以及
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引用次数: 0
Agenda Setting for the 20% Mandatory Subcontracting Policy in Zambia’s Construction Sector: The Multiple-Streams Framework 赞比亚建筑业20%强制性分包政策的议程设置:多流程框架
IF 1.4 Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Pub Date : 2022-05-23 DOI: 10.1177/1087724X221092425
Sydney Tembo, Seunghoo Lim
Agenda setting is critical to public policy due to impacts on subsequent policy processes. On July 25, 2012, the Zambian Government issued a policy pronouncement directing the Road Development Agency to apply a 20% mandatory subcontracting to all road contracts valued above ZMW30 million. The policy directive aimed to improve the capacity of local contractors, create jobs and address concerns of declining local participation due to the dominance of foreign contractors. This pronouncement triggered the implementation of a policy initiative based on road subsector guidelines, but several studies have reported implementation challenges. Applying the multiple-streams framework, this study identifies both the failure of agenda setting to lead to policy formulation and the fragmentation of the construction sector policy community as initial sources of implementation challenges. The study recommends revisiting agenda setting and conducting research on defragmenting the construction policy community.
由于对后续政策进程的影响,议程的制定对公共政策至关重要。2012年7月25日,赞比亚政府发布了一项政策声明,指示道路发展局对价值超过3000万兹马的所有道路合同实行20%的强制性分包。该政策指令旨在提高当地承包商的能力,创造就业机会,并解决由于外国承包商占主导地位而导致当地参与度下降的问题。这一声明引发了一项基于道路分部门指导方针的政策倡议的实施,但一些研究报告了实施方面的挑战。应用多流框架,本研究将议程设置未能导致政策制定和建筑部门政策界的分裂确定为实施挑战的最初来源。该研究建议重新审视议程设置,并对建筑政策社区进行碎片整理研究。
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引用次数: 0
What Drives States to Raise Gas Tax Rates? An Empirical Analysis 是什么促使各州提高汽油税税率?实证分析
IF 1.4 Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Pub Date : 2022-05-19 DOI: 10.1177/1087724X221092433
Can Chen, M. Su, Ping Zhang
Gas taxes represent one of the most important revenue sources for state transportation funding. This study draws upon the theory of policy innovation and diffusion and examines the drivers of legislative decisions to directly increase state gas tax rates among 50 states from 2010 to 2018. Using a discrete event history analysis, this study finds that states raise gas tax rates in response to the growing funding needs of maintaining and improving the quality and performance of state highway infrastructure. Additionally, these findings suggest that state internal characteristics— poverty rate, personal income, rising gas prices, as well as the external influences of neighboring states affect the adoption of a gas tax rate hike.
汽油税是州交通资金最重要的收入来源之一。本研究借鉴了政策创新和扩散理论,并考察了2010年至2018年50个州直接提高州汽油税税率的立法决定的驱动因素。使用离散事件历史分析,本研究发现各州提高汽油税税率是为了应对维持和改善州高速公路基础设施质量和性能的日益增长的资金需求。此外,这些发现表明,国家的内部特征-贫困率,个人收入,不断上涨的天然气价格,以及邻国的外部影响影响汽油税上调的采用。
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引用次数: 0
Capital Management Capacity: Conceptual Development and Pilot Testing of a Framework 资本管理能力:框架的概念发展和试点测试
IF 1.4 Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Pub Date : 2022-05-17 DOI: 10.1177/1087724X221092446
B. Seymour, W. Yusuf, C. Ebdon, A. Kriz
Capital management capacity is an important precursor to government administration of public infrastructure. This research develops a framework to assess capital management capacity by extending an existing framework and demonstrating how the framework can be used in the U.S. to evaluate state and local governments’ capital management practices. The framework is evaluated using the State of Vermont Agency of Transportation and Palm Beach County Department of Engineering and Public Works.
资本管理能力是政府管理公共基础设施的重要指标。本研究通过扩展现有框架并展示如何在美国使用该框架来评估州和地方政府的资本管理实践,开发了一个评估资本管理能力的框架。该框架由佛蒙特州运输局和棕榈滩县工程和公共工程部进行评估。
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引用次数: 0
The Implementation of Active Transportation Policies at the Local Level: Findings From a North Carolina Survey 积极交通政策在地方层面的实施:来自北卡罗莱纳调查的结果
IF 1.4 Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Pub Date : 2022-05-14 DOI: 10.1177/1087724X221088835
Suzanne M. Leland, Christine M. Danis, Sara J. Smith, Robert H. W. Boyer
In the current intergovernmental environment to improve transportation infrastructure, states typically set walking and biking policy. However, local governments, which control budget priorities and land-use policy, also need to support those policies in order to provide for successful implementation. Unfortunately, little is known about state and local priorities when it comes to active transportation. Therefore, the following study examines active transportation policies in North Carolina from the local government perspective. This study asks those responsible for implementing transportation policy at the local level the following questions: Does support for improved infrastructure vary based by land use type, population density, and organizational structure? From the local government perspective is walking and biking safe or unsafe in their jurisdiction?What if any barriers exist to providing improved infrastructure that promotes safety? The responses serve as local government perspectives about what conditions may inform the nature and extent of bicycle and pedestrian active transportation projects in
在当前政府间改善交通基础设施的环境中,各州通常会制定步行和骑自行车的政策。然而,控制预算优先事项和土地使用政策的地方政府也需要支持这些政策,以便为成功实施提供条件。不幸的是,当涉及到主动交通时,人们对州和地方的优先事项知之甚少。因此,下面的研究从地方政府的角度考察了北卡罗来纳州的积极交通政策。本研究向负责在地方层面实施交通政策的人提出以下问题:对改善基础设施的支持是否因土地利用类型、人口密度和组织结构而异?从当地政府的角度来看,在他们的管辖范围内,步行和骑自行车是安全的还是不安全的?如果在提供改善的基础设施以促进安全方面存在障碍怎么办?这些回应可以作为地方政府的观点,了解哪些条件可能会影响自行车和行人主动交通项目的性质和范围
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引用次数: 2
From the Editors 来自编辑
IF 1.4 Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Pub Date : 2022-05-14 DOI: 10.1177/1087724x221102304
This Special Issue of Public Works Management & Policy (PWMP) commemorates the 20th Anniversary of the partnering of the Section on Transportation Policy and Administration (STPA) of the American Society of Public Administration with PWMP. The goal of STPA is to organize a policy focus on transportation while PWMP is a peer-reviewed journal for academics and practitioners that addresses the planning, financing, development, and operations of civil infrastructure systems at all levels of society-federal, state, and local. The STPA-PWMP partnership brings together transportation policy researchers and practitioners with an internationally recognized medium to showcase their work. The seven articles in this Special Anniversary Issue represent a small but exemplary sampling of the transportation policy research being carried out by STPA members. This special issue is particularly timely as it dovetails nicely with President Biden’s signing of the $1.2 trillion Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act into law on Nov. 15, 2021.
《公共工程管理》特刊“交通政策”(PWMP)是为了纪念美国公共行政学会交通政策与管理处(STPA)与PWMP合作20周年。STPA的目标是组织以交通为重点的政策,而PWMP是一本同行评审的学术和从业者期刊,涉及联邦、州和地方各级社会民用基础设施系统的规划、融资、发展和运营。STPA-PWMP伙伴关系将交通政策研究人员和从业人员聚集在一个国际公认的媒体上,展示他们的工作。这期周年特刊的七篇文章代表了STPA成员正在进行的交通政策研究的一个小样本,但堪称典范。这一期特刊特别及时,因为它正好与拜登总统于2021年11月15日签署1.2万亿美元的《基础设施投资和就业法案》相吻合。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Patient Fertility Care. COVID-19 大流行对患者生育护理的影响。
IF 1.5 Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Pub Date : 2022-05-06 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1177/23743735221098255
Karen N DSouza, Minerva Orellana, Alessandra J Ainsworth, Gabrielle Cummings, Kirsten A Riggan, Chandra C Shenoy, Megan A Allyse

The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the healthcare system have been widespread, with many institutions in the United States pausing elective procedures to redirect resources to critical care. Fertility care and assisted reproductive procedures were classified as elective procedures and similarly paused. We conducted qualitative interviews with patients and/or their partners (n = 25 female patients; n = 3 male partners) receiving care at a fertility clinic in the Midwest to understand patient appraisal of COVID-19 risk on the resumption of care following a month-long closure of an infertility clinic, and patient agreement with the clinic closure. Interview transcripts were thematically analyzed from a grounded theory approach. Study participants reported an increased sense of urgency due to the delay in fertility procedures. This urgency often superseded concerns of potential COVID-19 infection, motivating patients to continue fertility treatment during a pandemic. In hindsight, some participants did not agree with the clinic's closure and treatment cessation, feeling that these steps negatively interrupted time-sensitive reproductive goals. Patient responses highlight the need for additional resources to support decision-making during times of crisis. Triaging patients based on time-sensitivity of treatment instead of a total shutdown respects patient autonomy for continuing treatment amidst uncertain COVID-19-impact.

COVID-19 大流行对医疗系统的影响十分广泛,美国许多医疗机构暂停了选择性手术,将资源转用于重症监护。生育护理和辅助生殖程序被归类为选择性程序,也同样被暂停。我们对在美国中西部一家不孕不育诊所接受治疗的患者和/或其伴侣(n = 25 名女性患者;n = 3 名男性伴侣)进行了定性访谈,以了解患者对不孕不育诊所关闭一个月后恢复治疗时 COVID-19 风险的评估,以及患者对诊所关闭的看法。研究人员采用基础理论方法对访谈记录进行了主题分析。研究参与者表示,由于生育程序的延迟,他们的紧迫感增加了。这种紧迫感往往超越了对潜在 COVID-19 感染的担忧,促使患者在大流行期间继续接受生育治疗。事后看来,一些参与者并不同意关闭诊所和停止治疗,认为这些措施对时间紧迫的生育目标造成了负面影响。患者的反应突出表明,在危机时期需要更多的资源来支持决策。根据治疗的时间敏感性对患者进行分流,而不是完全关闭诊所,这是对患者在 COVID-19 影响不确定的情况下继续治疗的自主权的尊重。
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引用次数: 0
Transit Stigma: Transit Administrators’ Views of the Role of Policy Elites in Perpetuating Stigma 交通污名:交通管理者对政策精英在使污名永久化中的作用的看法
IF 1.4 Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Pub Date : 2022-04-18 DOI: 10.1177/1087724X221088859
Josephine K. Hazelton-Boyle, G. Wellman
Public transportation use is heavily stigmatized in the United States. As a result, those who depend on public transportation services for mobility are marginalized and subject to unjust social assumptions about their character, work ethic, and overall place in society. Prior research documents that public transit administrators are actively working to combat transit stigma in their service area; however, questions remain regarding how public transit administrators view the role of policy elites (elected or appointed political figures) in perpetuating transit stigma. Through a series of in-depth interviews with 20 transit administrators from across the United States, this research finds that policy elites maintain transit stigma through both formal and informal roles by devaluing the role of transit in society, focusing on short-term political goals, and restricting funding opportunities for public transportation agencies.
公共交通的使用在美国受到严重的污名化。因此,那些依靠公共交通服务出行的人被边缘化,并受到对他们的性格、职业道德和社会整体地位的不公正社会假设的影响。先前的研究文件表明,公共交通管理人员正在积极努力消除其服务领域的交通污名;然而,公共交通管理者如何看待政策精英(民选或任命的政治人物)在使交通污名化方面的作用,仍然存在疑问。通过对来自美国各地的20名交通管理人员的一系列深入采访,本研究发现,政策精英通过贬低交通在社会中的作用、关注短期政治目标和限制公共交通机构的融资机会,通过正式和非正式的角色保持交通污名。
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引用次数: 1
Do Public-Private Partnerships Still Have a Future? 公私合作还有前途吗?
IF 1.4 Q3 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION Pub Date : 2022-04-13 DOI: 10.1177/1087724X221088842
V. Vecchi, A. Tanese, S. Osborne
Public Private Partnerships (PPP) are under discussion because of the mixed results achieved and the deteriorated trust between public and private actors. However, abandoning PPP could represent a severe mistake in public policy. Based on the recent Italian experience, the authors argue that a new approach to PPP, based on the ESG/SDGs and Impact Investing agenda, could represent an opportunity, both for the public and the private sectors, to contribute to solving wicked problems while generating societal value. This Commentary paves the way for a reflection on this renewed approach to PPP and the need for a new set of skills in the public and private sectors to support the transition.
由于取得的成果喜忧参半,公共和私人行为者之间的信任恶化,目前正在讨论公私伙伴关系。然而,放弃购买力平价可能是公共政策中的一个严重错误。根据意大利最近的经验,作者认为,基于ESG/可持续发展目标和影响力投资议程的PPP新方法可能为公共和私营部门提供了一个机会,在创造社会价值的同时,为解决邪恶问题做出贡献。本评论为反思这种新的PPP方法以及公共和私营部门支持转型的一套新技能的必要性铺平了道路。
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引用次数: 1
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Public Works Management & Policy
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