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Untangling the skein: The impact of FinTech on social and financial performance in microfinance institutions 解开谜团:金融科技对小额信贷机构社会和财务绩效的影响
IF 1.7 Q2 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.rspp.2025.100208
Imen Khanchel , Naima Lassoued , Cyrine Khiari
This paper examines the effect of Financial Technologies (FinTech) on the social and financial performance of Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) and investigates whether the digital infrastructure moderates this relationship. Using a sample of 300 MFIs across 58 countries from 2013 to 2019, a three-stage least squares (3SLS) regression analysis was conducted to estimate a system of simultaneous equations. The results indicate that FinTech initially exhibited a negative impact on social performance, while its effect on financial performance was statistically insignificant. However, upon introducing digital infrastructure as a moderating variable alongside FinTech, the impact of FinTech shifted to positive and significant across all performance measures. This suggests that a well-developed digital infrastructure enhances the positive influence of FinTech on both the social and financial performance of MFIs. The study provides empirical insights into the role of FinTech in shaping MFI outcomes, offering implications for practitioners and policymakers.
本文考察了金融技术(FinTech)对小额信贷机构(mfi)的社会和财务绩效的影响,并研究了数字基础设施是否调节了这种关系。以2013年至2019年58个国家的300家小额信贷机构为样本,进行了三阶段最小二乘(3SLS)回归分析,以估计联立方程系统。结果表明,金融科技最初对社会绩效表现出负向影响,而对财务绩效的影响在统计学上不显著。然而,在引入数字基础设施作为金融科技的调节变量后,金融科技的影响在所有绩效指标中都变得积极而显著。这表明,发达的数字基础设施增强了金融科技对小额信贷机构社会和财务绩效的积极影响。该研究提供了金融科技在塑造小额信贷结果中的作用的实证见解,为从业者和政策制定者提供了启示。
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引用次数: 0
IF 1.7 Q2 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2025-04-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.rspp.2025.100207
Amitrajeet A. Batabyal
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引用次数: 0
Economic-ecological impacts of coffee growing: A multiregional analysis for Chapada Diamantina region, Bahia 咖啡种植的经济生态影响:巴伊亚州查帕达迪亚曼蒂纳地区的多区域分析
IF 1.7 Q2 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2025-04-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.rspp.2025.100206
Maíra Ferraz de Oliveira Silva , Mônica Pires , Fernando Salgueiro Perobelli , Andréa da Silva Gomes , Fábio Lúcio Martins Neto
This study aims to assess the economic-ecological impacts of coffee growing of Chapada Diamantina, located in the Brazilian state of Bahia, within the context of the local, state, and national production structure. The intensity coefficients of the use of ecological commodities are quantified by using a multiregional input-output model in order to measure the use of environmental resources, as well as the generation of by-products and waste from the sector, for the year 2017. The objective is to understand whether the local impacts differ from those in other regions, given the predominance of special coffee growing (organic and gourmet). The main results show that, generally, the use of ecological commodities in the economy of Bahia and Brazil is mainly driven by the agricultural and livestock sectors, as well as the “Other food products” and “Biofuel manufacturing” sectors. In Chapada Diamantina, the "Coffee" sector stands out in terms of input usage and waste production (mainly biomass), and the "Forestry production, fishing, and aquaculture" sector stands out in the return of environmental assets (greenhouse gas removals and preserved native vegetation). It was observed that the special coffee segment in Chapada Diamantina presents differentiated economic-ecological impacts as compared to other coffee-growing regions in the state, considering the presence and dynamics of organic cultivation and the small family production integrated into the global special coffee markets, presenting potential for adopting strategies aligned with climate adaptation of conventional economic practices.
本研究旨在评估巴西巴伊亚州查帕达迪亚曼蒂纳咖啡种植在当地、州和国家生产结构背景下的经济生态影响。通过使用多区域投入产出模型对生态商品使用的强度系数进行量化,以衡量2017年该部门对环境资源的使用以及副产品和废物的产生。目的是了解当地的影响是否与其他地区不同,考虑到特殊咖啡种植的优势(有机和美食)。主要结果表明,总体而言,巴伊亚州和巴西经济中生态商品的使用主要由农业和畜牧业以及“其他食品”和“生物燃料制造”部门驱动。在Chapada Diamantina,“咖啡”部门在投入物使用和废物生产(主要是生物质)方面表现突出,“林业生产、渔业和水产养殖”部门在环境资产回报(温室气体排放和原生植被保护)方面表现突出。研究发现,考虑到有机种植的存在和动态,以及融入全球特种咖啡市场的小家庭生产,与该州其他咖啡种植区相比,Chapada Diamantina的特种咖啡部分呈现出不同的经济生态影响,呈现出采用与传统经济实践的气候适应相一致的战略的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
IF 1.7 Q2 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2025-04-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.rspp.2025.100204
Eva Kiss
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引用次数: 0
Environmental challenges and economic interests: The role of social capital in planning developer-led eco-cities in China 环境挑战与经济利益:社会资本在中国开发商主导的生态城市规划中的作用
IF 1.7 Q2 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2025-04-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.rspp.2025.100205
Miao Xu, Hans Westlund
In the context of China’s legislation of “ecological civilization”, concepts like “ecology”, “green” and “low carbon” have become basic requirements for all urban construction projects by the Chinese government. The construction of most new eco-cities is led by local governments. Because of their large scale, long construction period and the investment required, many new eco-cities lack strong financial support from local governments and have to rely on private enterprises. Local governments have shifted the task of solving the environmental problems of the new eco-cities, which are necessary to achieve ecological goals, to private enterprises. Based on the requirements of national policies and the economic interests of private enterprises, these private enterprises had to deal with the contradiction between environmental challenges and economic interests in the early planning stage of new eco-cities. There is relatively little research on private enterprise-led new eco-cities, and there are no suitable working approaches to help private enterprises resolve this contradiction. This paper takes a new eco-city, Zhongshan New City of the developer company China Fortune Land Development (CFLD), as the research object, proposes an Ideal Collaboration Model with the theoretical support of social capital theory. Then, the model is modified by comparing it with the actions of stakeholders in solving environmental problems in practice. The findings show that the modified ideal model can be used as a working approach for solving complex problems, to perfect the process of eco-planning and to facilitate the collaboration of various stakeholders in order to reduce the environmental damage caused by the development of new cities and to avoid future economic losses for the developers. However, public participation seems hard to realize in the early planning stages of the development of new eco-cities.
在中国“生态文明”立法的背景下,“生态”、“绿色”、“低碳”等概念成为中国政府对所有城市建设项目的基本要求。大多数新型生态城市的建设都是由地方政府主导的。由于规模大、建设周期长、投资多,许多新型生态城市缺乏地方政府的有力资金支持,只能依靠民营企业。地方政府将解决新型生态城市环境问题的任务转移给了民营企业,这是实现生态目标所必需的。基于国家政策的要求和民营企业的经济利益,民营企业在新型生态城市规划初期必须处理好环境挑战与经济利益之间的矛盾。关于民营企业主导的新型生态城市的研究相对较少,也没有合适的工作途径来帮助民营企业解决这一矛盾。本文以开发企业华鑫置地(CFLD)旗下的新型生态城市中山新城为研究对象,提出了一个以社会资本理论为理论支撑的理想协作模型。然后,将模型与实践中利益相关者解决环境问题的行为进行比较,对模型进行修正。研究结果表明,修正后的理想模型可以作为解决复杂问题的工作方法,完善生态规划过程,促进各利益相关者的合作,以减少新城市开发对环境造成的破坏,避免开发商未来的经济损失。然而,在新型生态城市发展的早期规划阶段,公众参与似乎很难实现。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of simple accommodation regulation on preventing population decline in the historical centre of Kyoto City 简单住宿管制对防止京都市历史中心人口减少的效果
IF 1.7 Q2 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2025-04-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.rspp.2025.100203
Ayane Sakuma, Haruka Kato
Recent tourism gentrification has been attributed to an increase in extreme short-term rentals through P2P digital platforms. Although many tourist cities have implemented regulations on short-term rentals, several studies have shown the ineffectiveness of those regulations. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the Kyoto City government’s regulation on preventing population decline in the historical center of Kyoto City. The Kyoto City government indirectly regulates simple accommodations (SAs) through the host’s location of SA management stations. Specifically, small SAs must have hosts who are stationed approximately 800 m from the management SAs. The research design adopted the difference-in-differences regression analysis that analyzed the effects of the number of accommodations on population change. As a result, this study found the number of opening SAs decreased by about half after the regulation. The result suggests that the regulation on SAs might have made it more difficult for SAs to open. Instead of SAs, the number of opening hotels increased by about 1.5 times after regulation. In addition, the regulation increased the number of populations by 7.419 [1.268, 13.57] for each additional hotel from the pre-regulation to post-regulation periods. In the historical center of Kyoto City, population decline accelerated from the pre-regulation period (n = −365) to the post-regulation period (n = −1073). Therefore, our findings were interesting as the populations increased in the NAs where hotels opened during the post-regulation period. Thus, the Kyoto City government’s regulation was effective in preventing population decline due to tourism gentrification.
最近的旅游高档化被归因于P2P数字平台上极端短租的增加。虽然许多旅游城市实施了短期租赁规定,但一些研究表明,这些规定是无效的。本研究旨在探讨京都市政府的管制措施对防止京都市历史中心人口下降的效果。京都市通过设立简易住宿管理站的地点,间接管理简易住宿。具体来说,小型sa的主机距离管理sa大约800 m。研究设计采用差中差回归分析,分析住宿数量对人口变化的影响。因此,本研究发现,在调节后,打开的sa数量减少了约一半。结果表明,对储蓄银行的监管可能使储蓄银行更难开业。与sa相比,新开业酒店的数量在监管后增加了约1.5倍。此外,从调控前到调控后,每增加一家酒店,人口数量增加7.419[1.268,13.57]。在京都市历史中心,从调控前(n = −365)到调控后(n = −1073),人口下降速度加快。因此,我们的发现很有趣,因为在监管后时期,酒店开业的NAs人口增加了。因此,京都市政府的规定有效地防止了由于旅游士绅化而导致的人口下降。
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引用次数: 0
An analysis of factors affecting farmers’ capacity building for sustainable rural and agricultural development in Bangladesh 影响孟加拉国农民可持续农村和农业发展能力建设的因素分析
IF 1.7 Q2 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2025-04-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.rspp.2025.100202
Md. Masud Rana , Lily Kiminami , Shinichi Furuzawa
The government of Bangladesh undertook National Agricultural Technology Program (NATP) for sustainable socio-economic development through common interest group (CIG) approach. This program aims to build farmers’ capacity to embrace improved agricultural technologies with a view to improving agricultural productivity, and farmers’ income. Generally, the farmers of CIG are involved in similar farming practices, share common needs, and interests within the same vicinity. The main objective of this study is to assess how the institutional policies of NATP (phase II) affect farmers’ capacity building in Trishal upazila, a sub-district primarily composed of resource-poor farmers. To achieve our goal, we set the hypothesis for verification as “The institutional policies of NATP (phase II) through common interest group approach have impacts on the underlying factors (accumulation of human capital and social capital) and bring the outcomes of capacity-building for sustainable socio-economic development in Bangladesh (H1)”. For hypothesis verification, we applied structural equation modeling (SEM) to the findings of structured questionnaire surveys targeting CIG and non-CIG farmers in Trishal upazila (sub-district). It was evident that mixed-gender CIG consisting of male, and female farmers were effective for capacity building along with group leadership, crop diversification, access to seed, and mechanized farming compared to those in single-gender CIG or non-CIG farmers. The policy implications drawn from our study suggest to pay attention to gender diversity management to minimize existing gaps, and income-generating agriculture through public-private partnerships for sustainable socio-economic development in Bangladesh.
孟加拉国政府实施了国家农业技术计划(NATP),通过共同利益集团(CIG)方法促进社会经济的可持续发展。该项目旨在培养农民接受改良农业技术的能力,以提高农业生产力和农民收入。一般来说,CIG的农民在同一地区从事类似的农业实践,有共同的需求和利益。本研究的主要目的是评估NATP(第二期)的制度政策如何影响Trishal upazila(一个主要由资源贫乏农民组成的街道)农民的能力建设。为了实现我们的目标,我们将假设设置为“通过共同利益集团方法的NATP(第二阶段)制度政策对潜在因素(人力资本和社会资本的积累)产生影响,并为孟加拉国的可持续社会经济发展带来能力建设的成果(H1)”。为了验证假设,我们应用结构方程模型(SEM)对Trishal upazila(街道)的CIG和非CIG农民进行结构化问卷调查。很明显,与单性别CIG或非CIG农民相比,由男性和女性农民组成的混合性别CIG在能力建设、团队领导、作物多样化、获得种子和机械化耕作方面有效。从我们的研究中得出的政策启示建议关注性别多样性管理,以最大限度地减少现有的差距,并通过公私伙伴关系促进孟加拉国的可持续社会经济发展创收农业。
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引用次数: 0
Determinants of subcentral public debt: Evidence from cantons in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina 次中央公共债务的决定因素:来自波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那联邦各州的证据
IF 1.7 Q2 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2025-04-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.rspp.2025.100201
Amina Moćević , Lejla Lazović-Pita
With the growing interest in intergovernmental fiscal relations and theory of fiscal federalism, the academic study of subcentral public debt has gained prominence, particularly in developed countries. However, this focus has been less prevalent in post-transition economies. This article examines the determinants of subcentral public debt in a post-transition country with a complex constitutional structure. The method of generalized method of moments (GMM, specifically SGMM) over fiscally stable 2011–2019 period in the investigation of cantonal public debt in Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FBiH) has been conducted. The study investigates fiscal, institutional, economic, and socio-demographic factors influencing subcentral public debt levels. The findings indicate that variables from each category significantly impact cantonal public debt in both the short and long term. As expected, lagged debt and deficits contribute to higher debt levels, while a greater share of tax revenue relative to total revenue reduces cantonal public debt accumulation. Unique to FBiH, institutional factors - such as special expenditure needs in certain cantons and fiscal factors - such as transfers from the FBiH level also contribute to higher cantonal public debt. These findings highlight the importance of evidence-based policymaking in managing subcentral public debt within FBiH. Furthermore, the study offers valuable insights for other Eastern European and fiscally decentralized countries worldwide. The results underscore the critical role of intergovernmental fiscal relations in shaping subcentral public debt, reinforcing their theoretical and empirical contributions to the second-generation fiscal federalism. The findings suggest that granting greater borrowing authority to subcentral governments is feasible only if intergovernmental fiscal relations evolve to reduce reliance on transfer payments and enhance tax autonomy.
随着人们对政府间财政关系和财政联邦制理论的兴趣日益浓厚,对次中央公共债务的学术研究日益突出,特别是在发达国家。然而,这一重点在转型后经济体中不那么普遍。本文考察了具有复杂宪法结构的转型后国家的次中央公共债务的决定因素。本文采用2011-2019年财政稳定时期的广义矩量法(GMM,特别是SGMM)对波黑联邦(FBiH)的国家公共债务进行了研究。该研究调查了影响次中央公共债务水平的财政、体制、经济和社会人口因素。研究结果表明,从短期和长期来看,每个类别的变量对州公共债务都有显著影响。正如预期的那样,滞后的债务和赤字导致了更高的债务水平,而税收相对于总收入的更大份额减少了州公共债务的积累。波黑联邦特有的体制因素- -例如某些州的特别支出需要和财政因素- -例如来自波黑联邦一级的转移- -也造成了州公共债务的增加。这些发现突出了以证据为基础的决策在管理波黑联邦中央以下公共债务方面的重要性。此外,该研究为其他东欧和全球财政分权国家提供了宝贵的见解。研究结果强调了政府间财政关系在形成次中央公共债务方面的关键作用,加强了它们对第二代财政联邦制的理论和实证贡献。研究结果表明,只有政府间财政关系发展到减少对转移支付的依赖和提高税收自主权的程度,才有可能赋予次中央政府更大的借款权力。
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引用次数: 0
Informal workers in the rural sector in Colombia: Living conditions and social security 哥伦比亚农村部门的非正规工人:生活条件和社会保障
IF 1.7 Q2 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2025-04-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.rspp.2025.100200
Oscar Espinosa , Valeria Bejarano , Martha-Liliana Arias , Jorge-Iván González
The existence of a high percentage of informal labour has a direct impact on the living conditions of millions of people and their families, especially in rural areas and developing countries. The implications of this problem present a challenge for public policy on employment, social security and business activity. Taking advantage of the wealth of microdata from the Great Integrated Household Survey (of national representation), our research aimed to characterise the sociodemographic composition and living conditions of the informal labour population in the rural sector in Colombia during a decade of study (2014–2023). Using descriptive analytical techniques and multivariate statistics, we analysed particularities of rural informal workers such as level of education, illiteracy, number of children, economic activity, income level, affiliation to occupational risk insurance, among others. The results demonstrate that working conditions and informality in the rural sector are notoriously more unfavourable compared to those in the urban sector. The poor working conditions in rural areas may have caused the displacement of people to the cities, which has had an important effect on the agricultural sector and consequently on the country's GDP. These results allow us to understand the living conditions and consequences of informality, especially in the rural sector, to promote policies aimed at sustainable, equitable and inclusive development in the countryside.
很高比例的非正式劳工的存在直接影响到千百万人及其家庭的生活条件,特别是在农村地区和发展中国家。这一问题的影响对就业、社会保障和商业活动方面的公共政策提出了挑战。利用大综合住户调查(全国代表性)的大量微观数据,我们的研究旨在描述哥伦比亚农村部门非正式劳动力人口在十年研究期间(2014-2023年)的社会人口构成和生活条件。利用描述性分析技术和多元统计,我们分析了农村非正规工人的特殊性,如教育水平、文盲率、子女数量、经济活动、收入水平、加入职业风险保险等。结果表明,与城市部门相比,农村部门的工作条件和非正式性更为不利。农村地区恶劣的工作条件可能导致人们流离失所到城市,这对农业部门产生了重大影响,从而对该国的国内总产值产生了重大影响。这些结果使我们能够了解非正规生活条件和后果,特别是在农村部门,以促进旨在农村可持续、公平和包容性发展的政策。
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引用次数: 0
New proximities during and after the Covid 19 pandemic 在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间和之后,新的邻近地区
IF 1.7 Q2 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2025-04-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.rspp.2025.100199
André Torre
Various proximities played a central role in the Covid-19 crisis, whether they promoted the spread of the pandemic, reduced human and social interactions, or allowed for exchange and contact at a distance. But they were also profoundly affected by the pandemic. Geographical proximity became dangerous and deadly, while distance-organized proximity increasingly developed through the use of ICTs. Both were associated with a dramatic rise in social and spatial inequalities. The object of this article is the analysis of how the pandemic reveals and modify both the functioning and the impact of proximities on our lives, from the examination of notions such as social distancing, lockdown or teleworking, and the use of proxemics. We conclude on the difficulty for a society to live at a distance.
各种距离在新冠肺炎危机中发挥了核心作用,无论是促进了大流行的传播,减少了人际和社会互动,还是允许远距离交流和接触。但他们也受到了大流行的深刻影响。地理上的接近变得危险和致命,而通过使用信息通信技术,远距离组织的接近日益发展。两者都与社会和空间不平等的急剧加剧有关。本文的目的是分析大流行如何揭示和改变邻近性对我们生活的功能和影响,从检查诸如社交距离,封锁或远程工作等概念,以及使用邻近性。我们得出结论,一个社会相距遥远是很困难的。
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引用次数: 0
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Regional Science Policy and Practice
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