Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.3197/096734022x16551974226090
J. Morgan
This article explores the feelings English people had about, and with, pigeons in early modern England and America. In so doing, the paper uses the concept of an emotional ecology, an understanding of emotion that is situated in a web of relations with other creatures and things. To do this, the paper outlines the context of everyday interactions with pigeons in England and uses these contexts to explore how rural tenants felt about the pigeons in their midst. Hungry, fecund and gregarious, pigeons cut a divisive figure in the English landscape. Legal sanction and customary practice marked them as privileged while a wide range of other potential agricultural pests were enthusiastically suppressed. We then look at how settler colonists experienced an abundance of American pigeons, particularly the Passenger Pigeon which would be hunted to extinction in the nineteenth century. Together, this story provides an example of how environments, culture and emotions are mutually, if not equally, constitutive.
{"title":"An Emotional Ecology of Pigeons in Early Modern England and America","authors":"J. Morgan","doi":"10.3197/096734022x16551974226090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3197/096734022x16551974226090","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores the feelings English people had about, and with, pigeons in early modern England and America. In so doing, the paper uses the concept of an emotional ecology, an understanding of emotion that is situated in a web of relations with other creatures and things. To\u0000 do this, the paper outlines the context of everyday interactions with pigeons in England and uses these contexts to explore how rural tenants felt about the pigeons in their midst. Hungry, fecund and gregarious, pigeons cut a divisive figure in the English landscape. Legal sanction and customary\u0000 practice marked them as privileged while a wide range of other potential agricultural pests were enthusiastically suppressed. We then look at how settler colonists experienced an abundance of American pigeons, particularly the Passenger Pigeon which would be hunted to extinction in the nineteenth\u0000 century. Together, this story provides an example of how environments, culture and emotions are mutually, if not equally, constitutive.","PeriodicalId":45574,"journal":{"name":"Environment and History","volume":"180 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86566781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.3197/096734022x16551974226162
David Moon
{"title":"Alison K. Smith, Cabbage and Caviar: A History of Food in Russia; Stephen V. Bittner, Whites and Reds: A History of Wine in the Lands of Tsar and Commissar","authors":"David Moon","doi":"10.3197/096734022x16551974226162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3197/096734022x16551974226162","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45574,"journal":{"name":"Environment and History","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89254105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.3197/096734022x16551974226126
Tayler Meredith
Utilising a corpus of popular health regimens, including Robert Burton's magnum opus The Anatomy of Melancholy (1621), this article takes account of the climatic conditions that shaped contemporary understandings of emotional cycles, with specific reference to sunlight. As such, this article moves beyond previous histories of sunlight that have cast it as a purely material force, and contributes an entangled environmental, embodied and emotional history of sunlight in early modern England. England's interest in climate, I argue, was less characterised by chronic malaise than by a complex matrix of passions and affections. From the dog days of summer when choler ran high, to the dark, melancholy evenings of midwinter, the English climate bred a cycle of competing passions. Such a cycle is indicative of a much more complex relationship between seasons and emotions than is reflected in the existing historiography. Rather than producing a fluctuating cycle of different moods because of an essential biological link between seasons and feelings, the early modern climate produced a range of affects that were contingent upon how people understood weather, climate, sunlight and their influences.
{"title":"Summer, Sun and SAD in Early Modern England","authors":"Tayler Meredith","doi":"10.3197/096734022x16551974226126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3197/096734022x16551974226126","url":null,"abstract":"Utilising a corpus of popular health regimens, including Robert Burton's magnum opus The Anatomy of Melancholy (1621), this article takes account of the climatic conditions that shaped contemporary understandings of emotional cycles, with specific reference to sunlight. As such, this\u0000 article moves beyond previous histories of sunlight that have cast it as a purely material force, and contributes an entangled environmental, embodied and emotional history of sunlight in early modern England. England's interest in climate, I argue, was less characterised by chronic malaise\u0000 than by a complex matrix of passions and affections. From the dog days of summer when choler ran high, to the dark, melancholy evenings of midwinter, the English climate bred a cycle of competing passions. Such a cycle is indicative of a much more complex relationship between seasons and emotions\u0000 than is reflected in the existing historiography. Rather than producing a fluctuating cycle of different moods because of an essential biological link between seasons and feelings, the early modern climate produced a range of affects that were contingent upon how people understood weather,\u0000 climate, sunlight and their influences.","PeriodicalId":45574,"journal":{"name":"Environment and History","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78340846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.3197/096734022x16551974226063
Rachel Winchcombe
This article argues that in colonial Virginia a variety of emotional communities were knitted together by processes of food provisioning, which were themselves inseparable from environmental influences. As a fundamental necessity, a central component of early modern conceptions of community and friendship and crucially as something that was scarce in a colonial context, food had the power to engender a range of emotional relationships, both positive and negative. In the Virginia of the 1620s, environment and emotion became ever more tightly entwined, creating new relationships, antagonisms and connections to the land, developments that would have a lasting impact on the emotional landscape of Anglo-America. At the centre of this entanglement was food.
{"title":"Foodways and Emotional Communities in Early Colonial Virginia","authors":"Rachel Winchcombe","doi":"10.3197/096734022x16551974226063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3197/096734022x16551974226063","url":null,"abstract":"This article argues that in colonial Virginia a variety of emotional communities were knitted together by processes of food provisioning, which were themselves inseparable from environmental influences. As a fundamental necessity, a central component of early modern conceptions of community\u0000 and friendship and crucially as something that was scarce in a colonial context, food had the power to engender a range of emotional relationships, both positive and negative. In the Virginia of the 1620s, environment and emotion became ever more tightly entwined, creating new relationships,\u0000 antagonisms and connections to the land, developments that would have a lasting impact on the emotional landscape of Anglo-America. At the centre of this entanglement was food.","PeriodicalId":45574,"journal":{"name":"Environment and History","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86133136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.3197/096734022x16551974226135
G. Tarantino
This article investigates how extremely adverse climatic and weather conditions in early modern southern Italy played a part in disrupting social coexistence among groups and individuals of different confessions and beliefs in what until then had been top-down sanctioned or tolerated multi-confessional communities. It focuses on the dramatic fate of the Waldensian colonies in Calabria and Apulia, and the little-studied case of witchcraft panic that broke out in the town of Bitonto in 1593. By examining different ways of dealing with environmental crises (rogatory processions, apocalyptic scapegoating, witchcraft panics), the article contributes to a history of intolerance from the 'inside out'.
{"title":"'The Sky in Place of The Nile': Climate, Religious Unrest and Scapegoating in Post-Tridentine Apulia","authors":"G. Tarantino","doi":"10.3197/096734022x16551974226135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3197/096734022x16551974226135","url":null,"abstract":"This article investigates how extremely adverse climatic and weather conditions in early modern southern Italy played a part in disrupting social coexistence among groups and individuals of different confessions and beliefs in what until then had been top-down sanctioned or tolerated\u0000 multi-confessional communities. It focuses on the dramatic fate of the Waldensian colonies in Calabria and Apulia, and the little-studied case of witchcraft panic that broke out in the town of Bitonto in 1593. By examining different ways of dealing with environmental crises (rogatory processions,\u0000 apocalyptic scapegoating, witchcraft panics), the article contributes to a history of intolerance from the 'inside out'.","PeriodicalId":45574,"journal":{"name":"Environment and History","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86259821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.3197/096734022x16551974226108
L. Beaven
This article explores affective approaches to trees and woodland in one specific landscape, the Roman Campagna (the region around Rome), during a period of rapid environmental change known as the 'Little Ice Age'. Wetter conditions and colder winters encouraged the spread of malaria, leading to rapid depopulation. Attitudes to trees were complicated by widespread bandit activity, which in turn was encouraged by the lack of a stable population. Forests were widely feared, but also regarded as effective barriers against disease, which was believed to be carried by malign winds. Competing approaches to the conceptualisation of trees ensured that they remained volatile emotional triggers for health and safety concerns in early modern Rome.
{"title":"Trees and Disease: The Ecology of the Roman Campagna in the Seventeenth Century","authors":"L. Beaven","doi":"10.3197/096734022x16551974226108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3197/096734022x16551974226108","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores affective approaches to trees and woodland in one specific landscape, the Roman Campagna (the region around Rome), during a period of rapid environmental change known as the 'Little Ice Age'. Wetter conditions and colder winters encouraged the spread of malaria,\u0000 leading to rapid depopulation. Attitudes to trees were complicated by widespread bandit activity, which in turn was encouraged by the lack of a stable population. Forests were widely feared, but also regarded as effective barriers against disease, which was believed to be carried by malign\u0000 winds. Competing approaches to the conceptualisation of trees ensured that they remained volatile emotional triggers for health and safety concerns in early modern Rome.","PeriodicalId":45574,"journal":{"name":"Environment and History","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90760528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.3197/096734022x16470180631497
Tanja Riekkinen
{"title":"Envisaging Energy Futures: Past and Present","authors":"Tanja Riekkinen","doi":"10.3197/096734022x16470180631497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3197/096734022x16470180631497","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45574,"journal":{"name":"Environment and History","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85814983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.3197/096734022x16551974226054
S. Handley
This article argues that 'sack posset', a treasured beverage that was the culinary pinnacle of seventeenth-century wedding celebrations, was vital to the rituals and emotions of early modern marriage; its consumption sealed a marriage's contractual formation and it was essential in forging lusty nuptial affections and the procreative fortunes of newlywed couples. Drawing on early modern recipe books, dietetic and medical knowledge, and agricultural practices, sack posset's 'foodway' is reconstructed for the first time, from grazing pastures to the marriage bed. In so doing it reveals an extended and multispecies material community of plants, animals and culinary expertise that was essential to a wedding day's success, and to its affective power. By uncovering the embodied co-dependencies of early modern bodies and their environments, the article calls for a reappraisal of anthropocentric models of 'emotional communities' and offers a new framework for recognising their material and multispecies complexity.
{"title":"Lusty Sack Possets, Nuptial Affections and the Material Communities of Early Modern Weddings","authors":"S. Handley","doi":"10.3197/096734022x16551974226054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3197/096734022x16551974226054","url":null,"abstract":"This article argues that 'sack posset', a treasured beverage that was the culinary pinnacle of seventeenth-century wedding celebrations, was vital to the rituals and emotions of early modern marriage; its consumption sealed a marriage's contractual formation and it was essential in\u0000 forging lusty nuptial affections and the procreative fortunes of newlywed couples. Drawing on early modern recipe books, dietetic and medical knowledge, and agricultural practices, sack posset's 'foodway' is reconstructed for the first time, from grazing pastures to the marriage bed. In so\u0000 doing it reveals an extended and multispecies material community of plants, animals and culinary expertise that was essential to a wedding day's success, and to its affective power. By uncovering the embodied co-dependencies of early modern bodies and their environments, the article calls\u0000 for a reappraisal of anthropocentric models of 'emotional communities' and offers a new framework for recognising their material and multispecies complexity.","PeriodicalId":45574,"journal":{"name":"Environment and History","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74325877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.3197/096734022x16551974226171
Atte Arffman
{"title":"Dipesh Chakrabarty, The Climate of History in a Planetary Age","authors":"Atte Arffman","doi":"10.3197/096734022x16551974226171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3197/096734022x16551974226171","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45574,"journal":{"name":"Environment and History","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79150898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.3197/096734022x16470180631505
R. A. Hunter
{"title":"Cod, Colonialism, and the Anthropocene","authors":"R. A. Hunter","doi":"10.3197/096734022x16470180631505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3197/096734022x16470180631505","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45574,"journal":{"name":"Environment and History","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87638778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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